EP4156965A1 - Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé à partir d'une matière première, en particulier un en-cas - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé à partir d'une matière première, en particulier un en-cas

Info

Publication number
EP4156965A1
EP4156965A1 EP21728247.4A EP21728247A EP4156965A1 EP 4156965 A1 EP4156965 A1 EP 4156965A1 EP 21728247 A EP21728247 A EP 21728247A EP 4156965 A1 EP4156965 A1 EP 4156965A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raw material
aqueous medium
product
measured value
bringing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21728247.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Robin Ostermeier
Stefan Toepfl
Kevin Hill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Elea Service GmbH
Original Assignee
Elea Service GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elea Service GmbH filed Critical Elea Service GmbH
Publication of EP4156965A1 publication Critical patent/EP4156965A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/005—Preserving by heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23B—PRESERVING, e.g. BY CANNING, MEAT, FISH, EGGS, FRUIT, VEGETABLES, EDIBLE SEEDS; CHEMICAL RIPENING OF FRUIT OR VEGETABLES; THE PRESERVED, RIPENED, OR CANNED PRODUCTS
    • A23B7/00—Preservation or chemical ripening of fruit or vegetables
    • A23B7/015—Preserving by irradiation or electric treatment without heating effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/03—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof consisting of whole pieces or fragments without mashing the original pieces
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/105—Sweet potatoes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L19/10—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops
    • A23L19/12—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof of tuberous or like starch containing root crops of potatoes
    • A23L19/18—Roasted or fried products, e.g. snacks or chips
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/16—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials
    • A23L3/165—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by heating loose unpacked materials in solid state
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
    • A23L3/32—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs by treatment with electric currents without heating effect
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
    • A23L5/10—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying
    • A23L5/11—General methods of cooking foods, e.g. by roasting or frying using oil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a preserved food from a raw material, in particular for producing a snack product, comprising the following steps: treating the raw material by applying an electrical field; Bringing the treated raw material into contact with an aqueous medium; and preserving the raw material into a food product after the contacting step.
  • the present invention also relates to a preserved food, in particular a snack product.
  • the present invention finally relates to an installation for the production of a preserved food from a raw product, in particular for the production of a snack product, comprising the following units: a capacitor for treating the raw product with an electric field; at least one container for bringing the treated raw material into contact with an aqueous medium; and a preservation device.
  • a number of process steps are used to set the desired product properties, for example the ingredients, the consistency, the color, etc.
  • the production of vegetable chips usually includes washing to remove dirt, optionally peeling the raw material, followed by comminution. This is followed by a blanching or washing step and deep-frying as a preservation step to remove the product moisture with optional subsequent seasoning and packaging of the products.
  • Treatment with an electric field can, however, lead to a higher degree of contamination of the process media used, for example with extracted sugars due to increased th release of intracellular fluids. If the raw material is brought into contact with soiled process media, for example during transport or washing, contamination can be transferred to the raw material. This can lead to a disadvantageous occurrence of browning reactions during deep-frying or the formation of undesirable substances, which are to be avoided in the interests of a product quality that is as constant as possible.
  • the system according to the invention for producing a preserved food from a raw material achieves this object in that it comprises the following units: a capacitor for treating the raw material with an electric field; at least one container for bringing the raw material into contact with an aqueous medium; a preservation device; at least one measuring device for determining a measured value which characterizes a product property of the preserved food and / or an ingredient of the aqueous medium; and an evaluation unit for outputting a control signal as a function of the measured value it has determined.
  • the present object is also achieved by a preserved food, in particular a snack product, which was produced according to the method according to the invention.
  • the composition of the process media used or the end product i.e. the preserved Food is controlled and thus effective process monitoring is guaranteed.
  • the present invention is based on a detection of the contamination of the process media used or the essential product properties and enables direct action and optimization of the production by outputting a control signal as a function of the determined measured value. For example, certain process parameters can be changed if the identified essential properties of the product do not correspond to the desired properties. Likewise, a control signal could be output to continue the process as it was run if the desired product properties should be achieved when operating the system or performing the method according to the invention.
  • Food is to be understood as meaning essentially micronutrient substances that are consumed in order to nourish the human body.
  • Macronutrients i.e. carbohydrates, lipids / fats and proteins, provide humans with chemically bound energy.
  • Preservation is a process in the treatment of raw materials / foodstuffs that makes them more durable by stopping or slowing down spoilage, while at the same time the nutritional value, taste, color and texture of the food is either preserved as possible or specifically influenced .
  • a raw material in the context of the present invention is understood to mean an unpreserved food.
  • a control signal represents a specific instruction for the implementation of the method according to the invention or the operation of the system according to the invention.
  • the control signal can, for example, give the instruction to change a specific process parameter or to allow ongoing operation to continue unchanged.
  • the invention can be further improved with the following further developments and advantageous refinements, each of which is advantageous per se and which can be combined with one another as desired.
  • a pulsed electrical field can be applied when the raw material is being treated.
  • PEF pulsed electric field
  • An electroporation therefore takes place in which the semipermeability of the cell membrane is abolished by applying an electric field, in particular a pulsed electric field.
  • the abolition of the semipermeability improves the mass transport into the cells and the exchange of intracellular substances, in particular soluble intracellular substances with the environment.
  • the semipermeability of the cell membrane can be reversibly or irreversibly increased, with irreversible electroporation being preferred if the permanent abolition of the semipermeability is to offer more flexibility in the sequence of the individual process steps.
  • the applied electrical field can in particular be a non-thermally effective electrical field, in which the upper energy limit is dimensioned such that essentially no heating of the food in the sense of ohmic heating takes place.
  • the raw material can be softened, which leads to an improvement in the cutting behavior and an increase in the product yield due to less unclean cut edges.
  • an energy input of at least 0.1 kJ / kg can take place in the raw material.
  • An energy input of this magnitude is well suited to carry out irreversible electroporation, depending on the variety and season-dependent properties of the raw material, and thereby improve the cutting behavior and the suitability of the raw material for preservation. It has been shown that it is advantageous if an electric field of 0.1 kV / cm to 10.0 kV / cm, preferably 0.5 kV / cm to 2.0 kV / cm, is applied. Field strengths of this kind can be achieved with commercially available industrial capacitors and avoid undesired thermal effects occurring when the raw material is treated, which result in undesired changes in the chemical composition or structure of the raw material.
  • the electrical field in particular the electrical pulses, can be generated both by direct contact between the capacitor or its electrodes and the raw material, and also indirectly via conductive fluids.
  • the raw material can be completely or partially placed in the conductive fluids.
  • Different electrode shapes can be used, for example plate, ring, grid, hollow or flow electrodes.
  • the capacitor can comprise at least two electrodes which are connected to a pulse generator.
  • a high-voltage pulse generator can preferably be used as the pulse generator, which generates electrical fields in the form of short pulses in the microsecond to millisecond range of a high voltage in the kilovolt range.
  • Marx generators can be used, for example, as high-voltage pulse generators.
  • the raw material can be treated with at least 10 electrical pulses, preferably 10 to 200 electrical pulses and particularly preferably 30 to 50 electrical pulses.
  • the food can be produced from a vegetable raw material.
  • the raw material can for example be a potato, tuber, root, a vegetable or a fruit or a fruit.
  • the raw material can be selected from the group consisting of a tuber vegetable, a root vegetable, a legume vegetable, a pome fruit, a stone fruit and a shell fruit.
  • the raw material can be selected from the group consisting of potatoes, sweet potatoes, pumpkin, parsnip, celery, carrots, cabbage, beetroot, chickpeas and corn.
  • the method according to the invention can be used to produce a snack product.
  • snack products are to be understood as meaning preserved foodstuffs that represent a snack, that is to say a snack between meals, which are often offered packaged ready-to-use as finger food.
  • snack products are snack products such as dried fruits, nut mixes or savory snacks such as potato chips, vegetable chips, peanut flips or crackers.
  • the raw material can be heated, cooled, frozen, irradiated, dried, vacuum-sealed and / or gassed in the step of preservation.
  • the raw material can be preserved by being cooked.
  • the raw material can be thermally heated in a liquid and / or gaseous heat transfer medium, for example water, air or oil, and converted into an edible state.
  • a liquid and / or gaseous heat transfer medium for example water, air or oil
  • the raw material can be fried, baked, boiled or hot-air dried for preservation.
  • other cooking techniques such as frying or moist cooking techniques such as boiling or steaming are also possible.
  • the raw product can be preserved, ie cooked, preferably fried, according to a predetermined temperature-time profile, by exposing the raw product to a heat transfer medium at a defined temperature for a defined period of time.
  • a heat transfer medium for a defined temperature for a defined period of time.
  • deep-frying at 120 ° C. to 180 ° C. for a few minutes, for example for up to 15 minutes, preferably for 3 to 9 minutes
  • the shape of the deep-frying curve, i.e. the increase or decrease the deep-frying temperature can be adjusted over time during deep-frying on the basis of the expected product properties and the measured values to be determined, for example the product color, the consistency or crispness, the water content, the content of heat transfer medium and / or the product shape.
  • treating the raw material with an electric field compared to a raw material that has not been exposed to an electric field can achieve a reduction in the temperature and / or the duration of the preservation step.
  • a measured value can be determined which characterizes an ingredient of the aqueous medium released from the raw material or at least one measuring device is provided for determining a measured value which characterizes an ingredient of the aqueous medium released from the raw material.
  • a measured value can be determined which characterizes the content of a sugar, a salt and / or a polymer released from the raw material, for example starch, in the aqueous medium.
  • a measured value can be determined or a measuring device can be provided which determines a measured value which characterizes a product property of the preserved food.
  • the product property of the preserved food can be, for example, the product color, the product consistency, the oil content, the product weight, a spatial expansion of the product, eg its length, width and / or thickness, or the product moisture.
  • the measured value can preferably be determined in-line, which enables automation of the process or automated management of the system.
  • the designation of the in-line measurement refers to measurements that are integrated into the manufacturing process (line).
  • the at least one measuring device can be, for example, a sensor or an in-line sensor, which is preferably capable of continuously determining the desired measured values.
  • the sensor can, for example, detect the shape or dimensions of the preserved product, or determine specific properties such as the color, the oil content, the product moisture or other ingredients of the preserved food or a special ingredient of the aqueous medium when the aqueous medium or the preserved product is guided past the sensor or comes into contact with the sensor.
  • the at least one measuring device can be assigned to the at least one container for bringing the treated raw material into contact with an aqueous medium or some other element that contains an aqueous process medium used to determine a measured value that characterizes an ingredient of the aqueous medium be.
  • a measuring device include optical sensors, electrical sensors, refractometers, turbidity meters, infrared sensors, particle size sensors or spectrometers.
  • the container can be part of a washing device.
  • the washing device can comprise several washing containers or several washing chambers within a container in order to achieve the desired effect in a single or multi-stage washing step, for example a washing out of starch adhering to the surface.
  • the raw material can be sprayed with fresh or process water, for example on a porous belt, and the properties of the process medium can then be determined.
  • fresh water can be supplied in the step of bringing into contact, the supplied amount of fresh water depending on the determined measured value.
  • the fresh water supply can be increased or throttled.
  • the amount of fresh water supplied can thus be optimally adjusted. So the amount of released from the raw material can be Ingredients in the aqueous medium are controlled, contamination and the associated risk of this contamination being transferred to the products as well as the resulting quality disadvantages are avoided.
  • the aqueous medium can be composed of part of recycled process water and part of fresh water.
  • the proportion of the fresh water that is returned can depend on the measured value determined. This not only avoids contamination in the aqueous medium, but also ensures that there is no unnecessarily high consumption of fresh water.
  • the at least one container of the system according to the invention can, in one embodiment, have a fresh water supply for introducing fresh water and optionally a process water supply for introducing recirculated process water.
  • the raw material is usually guided in the aqueous medium in countercurrent to the fresh water supply. In the case of multi-level design, however, cross-flow guidance is also possible.
  • the method according to the invention can further comprise at least one of the following steps:
  • the system can further comprise at least one of the following units: a pretreatment stage for washing the raw material; a peeling device; a crusher; a dewatering device; a transport device for moving the raw material within and between the individual units.
  • the comminution device can for example comprise a former, a cutting device, a cutting device with movable knives or a standing cutting device in a flow channel.
  • the transport device for moving the raw material can be, for example, a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor.
  • the transport device can, however, also be a pump which conveys the aqueous medium through the system and transports the raw material together with the aqueous medium.
  • the dewatering device can, for example, have mechanical, thermal or combined methods for removing excess process water from the raw material.
  • a vibrating belt, centrifuges, blower, hot air blower, heat radiator or combinations thereof can be used in the dewatering device.
  • the preservation device can comprise a drying device and / or a cooking device.
  • the preservation device can, for example, be a deep fryer.
  • the deep fat fryer can be designed to be controllable in order to cook the raw material according to a predetermined time-temperature profile.
  • a process parameter can be set as a function of the output control signal during i) treatment with an electric field, ii) preservation, iii) bringing into contact with an aqueous medium and / or iv) comminution and / o shaping .
  • the system according to the invention can furthermore comprise a control unit for setting a process parameter i) the condenser, ii) the preservation device, iii) the container, the washing device and / or the transport device, and / or iv) the shredding device.
  • the treatment intensity for example the number of pulses, the energy introduced, the pulse duration and / or the treatment duration can be set by the control unit as a function of the control signal output.
  • the duration and / or the temperature for example a predetermined time-temperature profile, can be changed or managed by the control device as a function of the measured value it averages.
  • the washing device and / or the transport device or the step of bringing into contact with an aqueous medium the amount of fresh water, the fresh water supply or the fresh water discharge, the duration of the bringing into contact or the number of Washing stages can be adapted by the control unit depending on the measured value determined.
  • the treatment with an electric field can be reduced / weakened. In this way, it is avoided that the raw material is electroporated too much and that an undesirable number of ingredients escape from the raw material into the aqueous medium. If, for example, a high starch content is found in the aqueous medium with a comparatively low sugar content, the treatment intensity can be increased with an electric field in order, for example, to achieve a better sectional image. There can also be a comparison with the running time of the comminution device used and, for example, the cutting blades can be sharpened or replaced.
  • a comparison with the running time of the knives or a sharpening or replacement of the knives depending on the determined measured value / output control signal can be carried out or initiated by the control unit.
  • control unit can implement appropriate measures at the corresponding process stages / system units. It is possible, for example, to adapt the deep-frying curve, in particular the deep-frying time and temperature, as well as the temperature profile, i.e. the temperature-time profile within the deep-frying process. A quick adaptation to changing raw materials and processing properties as well as possible effects of previous process steps such as section thickness or surface-volume ratio of the comminution steps, preferably in-line, can take place directly.
  • a control signal can be output depending on which one or more of the following process parameters is set: change in the cutting force or the speed of rotation of the cutting head it; (ii) Adjustment of the intensity of the PEF treatment (whereby, for example, the above-described surprising influence of the PEF treatment on the slice thickness of the product is reduced); (iii) Adjustments to the preservation conditions, for example the deep-frying conditions, e.g. by increasing the deep-frying temperature, preferably in the first deep-frying stage or at the beginning of deep-frying, if necessary. while reducing the temperature in the last deep-frying stage or the deep-frying time. If a reduced product moisture is determined, a control signal can be output that sets the corresponding process parameter in the opposite direction.
  • a control signal can be output depending on which one or more of the following process parameters is set: (i) increasing the intensity of the PEF treatment to improve the sectional image, (ii ) Shortening the frying time. If a reduced fat content of the product is determined, a control signal can be output that sets the corresponding process parameter in the opposite direction.
  • a control signal can be output depending on which one or more of the following process parameters is set: (i) Adaptation of the PEF intensity, for example by increasing the energy input up to a value in which a maximum reduction in Cutting force is achieved; (ii) Adaptation of the washing step, for example increasing the exposure time and / or the temperature or adding a higher proportion of fresh water or adding a washing step; (iii) Adaptation of the preservation conditions, for example the deep-frying conditions, e.g. reduction of the deep-frying temperature in a last deep-frying stage or at the end of the deep-frying process, if necessary.
  • a control signal can be output which sets the corresponding process parameter in the opposite direction.
  • the determined measured value can be compared with a predetermined target value or target value range and a control signal for changing a process parameter can be output if the difference between the determined measured value and the predetermined target value exceeds a limit value or the determined measured value outside the Target value range.
  • the predetermined setpoint value can be stored in the evaluation unit, which can be connected to the at least one measuring device in a signal-transmitting manner.
  • the setpoint value can also be an empirical value or predetermined based on artificial intelligence, an algorithm, a preprogrammed or learned algorithm.
  • the present invention allows a quick adaptation of the process conditions and by recording the effects of the measures introduced and their feedback on the process or the system, a quick, controlled adaptation and management of the manufacturing process to different raw material properties.
  • the determined measured values and the output control signals can be stored and optionally evaluated.
  • the course over time of the measured values determined and the control signals output as a function thereof, that is to say the changes in the process management, can be documented in order to optimize the process control. It can be useful to use self-learning algorithms based on artificial intelligence.
  • the evaluation unit can comprise a memory unit for recording the measured values and / or the control signals.
  • the evaluation unit can further or alternatively comprise a computing unit for analyzing the measured values and / or an algorithm, for example a preprogrammed or self-learning algorithm for converting a measured value into a control signal.
  • FIG. 1 shows a flow chart of a sequence for an exemplary method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 A schematic representation of an embodiment of a system according to the invention for producing a preserved food from a raw material.
  • the method for producing a preserved food 1 from a raw material 2, in particular for producing a snack product comprises the following steps:
  • the step of treating the raw material 2 by applying an electrical field takes place after the raw material, for example a vegetable raw material such as a tuber, a root or a fruit such as a sweet potato, has been washed to the next To remove dirt, and then peeled.
  • the raw material 2 can be exposed to a pulsed electric field (PEF), which causes cell disruption, in which the semi-permeability of the cell membrane is abolished.
  • PEF pulsed electric field
  • tissue softening can be achieved and the tugor pressure within the cells is reduced, so that some intracellular components are released.
  • the food is comminuted, namely cut, and shaped in the exemplary method according to the flow diagram of FIG. 1.
  • a transport step in an aqueous medium 3 is also possible, i.e. the raw material 2 is moved through the aqueous medium 3 within and between the individual process steps.
  • a preserved food for example sweet potato chips or another snack product, such as savory biscuits, potato chips, peanut flips.
  • the food can be cooked, for example deep-fried.
  • a measured value 4 which characterizes a product property of the preserved food 1. This can be, for example, the product color (eg the browning of the product), the product shape (eg the slice thickness), the product consistency or the product moisture or the oil content of the product.
  • a measured value 4 is also determined which indicates an ingredient, an ingredient released from the raw material 2 aqueous medium 4 identifies.
  • the ingredient can be, for example, the content of a sugar, a polymer or salt, for example the content of free starch.
  • a control signal is finally output as a function of the measured values determined.
  • a process parameter can be changed, for example in the step of treating with an electric field (e.g. the treatment intensity), in the step of preserving (e.g. the duration or temperature of the preservation step), in the step of in-contact Bringing with an aqueous medium 4 (e.g. the time spent in the aqueous medium, the number of treatment stages or the composition of the aqueous medium 4), and / or during the comminuting step (e.g. the instruction to sharpen or replace the cutting device, or the Distance between knives).
  • an electric field e.g. the treatment intensity
  • the step of preserving e.g. the duration or temperature of the preservation step
  • in-contact Bringing with an aqueous medium 4 e.g. the time spent in the aqueous medium, the number of treatment stages or the composition of the aqueous medium 4
  • comminuting step e.g. the instruction to sharpen or replace the cutting device
  • the invention provides for a control signal to be output to the step of bringing into contact with an aqueous medium and / or the step of preservation.
  • the control signal can set the process parameters of these steps depending on the measured value determined in order to obtain the desired product properties or to run the process efficiently (e.g. with regard to resources such as energy and / or fresh water requirements). Closed control loops are thus possible when carrying out the method.
  • the system 6 shown in Fig. 2 comprises a pretreatment stage 7 for washing the raw goods 2.
  • the pretreatment stage 7 is assigned a feed 8 for feeding the raw material 2 and an inlet 9 for feeding an aqueous medium 4 as a washing medium of the pre-treatment step 7.
  • the washed raw material 2 is transferred to a peeling device 10, where the shell 19 is removed.
  • the system 6 shown in FIG. 2 further comprises a capacitor 11 for treating the raw material 2, in the embodiment shown the peeled raw material with an electric field, here for example a pulsed electric field.
  • the capacitor 11 (hereinafter also called the electroporator) comprises at least two electrodes 12, which form the capacitor 11 for generating an electric field.
  • the electrodes 12 of the capacitor 11 are connected to a voltage source 14 via power lines 13.
  • the two electrodes 12 are arranged collinear.
  • two ring-shaped or tubular electrodes 12 are arranged at a distance from one another along a transport direction T, in which the peeled raw material 2 is moved through the electroporator 11.
  • the electrodes 12 of the capacitor 11 can also be arranged on opposite sides and parallel to one another. With such a parallel electrode arrangement, a homogeneous electric field can be generated for the uniform treatment of the peeled raw material 2.
  • Other variants, such as a coaxial or conical electrode arrangement are also conceivable.
  • a pulse generator 15 such as a Marx generator can be used as the voltage source 14, with which electrical high-voltage pulses of a high voltage in the kV range and a short duration in the microsecond to millisecond range can be generated.
  • the electrodes 12 can be made of stainless steel or a titanium alloy, for example.
  • the comminution device 16 comprises a cutting device 17.
  • This is a standing cutting device 17 which is arranged in a flow channel 18, with the electroporated raw material 2 in an aqueous medium 4 passing through the standing cutting device 17 is transported and crushed in the process.
  • movable knives or other comminution directions could be used depending on the type of raw material 2 to be treated and the preserved food he wished.
  • the cut raw material 2 is then brought into contact with an aqueous medium 4 in at least one container 20.
  • the container 20 can be a washing device 21 or a transport device 46 in which the raw material 2 treated with an electric field and then cut is transported to the other units of the system.
  • the transport device 46 for moving the raw material 2 can be, for example, a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor (not shown).
  • the transport device 46 can also be a pump 47, as in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, which conveys the aqueous medium 4 through the system 6 and transports the raw goods 2 together with the aqueous medium 4.
  • the container 20 is part of a washing device 21.
  • the washing device 21 comprises several washing chambers 22 in which a multi-stage washing process or method step of bringing the treated raw material 2 into contact with an aqueous medium can be carried out . It would also be possible to provide the washing device 21 with several washing containers or other system segments (not shown).
  • the raw material 2 treated and cut with an electric field is fed.
  • the container 2 also contains a process water supply 25 for introducing recirculated process water 26.
  • a fresh water supply 23 is provided for introducing fresh water 24.
  • the aqueous medium 4, with which the raw goods 2 are brought into contact in the container 20, is thus composed of a portion of fresh water 23 and a portion of recycled process water 26.
  • fresh water 24 and returned process water 26 are fed in countercurrent. Cross-flow guidance is also possible, which can be advantageous, for example, in the case of a multi-stage design.
  • washing chambers 22 of the washing device 21 from FIG. 2 are only indicated schematically. Each of these washing chambers 22 could be provided with a separate fresh water supply 23 or process water supply 25, but this is not shown in FIG. 2 for the sake of clarity.
  • the recycled process water 26 can come from a dewatering device 27 in which the excess aqueous medium 4 can be removed from the raw material 2, for example by mechanical, thermal or combined methods, such as a vibration belt, centrifuges, hot air treatment or other devices and combinations thereof .
  • a return line 28 is provided in which the process water 26 removed in the drainage device 27 is returned from the drainage device to the container 20.
  • the returned process water 26 could alternatively come from any other unit of the system 6, for example the pretreatment stage 7 or the cutting device 17, in which process water 26 is removed from the system 6.
  • the dewatering device TI is followed by a preservation device 29, in which the raw material 2 is preserved to form a food 1.
  • the preservation device 29 can be a cooking device 30, for example a deep fryer.
  • the raw material 2 is brought into contact with a liquid or gaseous heat transfer medium 31, such as water, oil or air.
  • the step of preserving takes place according to a predetermined temperature-time profile 32, so that the duration of the raw material 2 in the preservation device 29 and defined temperature levels, for example 140 ° C to 180 ° C, are set in order to achieve the desired product properties to achieve preserved raw material 1.
  • the system 6 according to the invention has at least one measuring device 33 for determining a measured value 4 and an evaluation unit 34 for outputting a control signal 5 as a function of the determined measured value 4 is provided.
  • the system 6 shown in FIG. 2 comprises a measuring device 35 for determining a measured value 36 which characterizes an ingredient of the aqueous medium 3.
  • the measured value 36 in the embodiment shown is an ingredient of the aqueous medium 3 released from the raw material 2 emerges from the raw material 2 with the aqueous medium 3 and is transferred into the aqueous medium 3.
  • the measuring device 35 is connected to the evaluation device 34 so as to transmit data.
  • this includes both wired and wireless transmission of the measured values 4 from the measuring device 33 to the evaluation device 34, for example via lines or by means of radio technology.
  • the measuring device 35 is connected to the evaluation device 34 via a measuring line 37, via which the measured value 36 is transmitted from the measuring device 35 to the evaluation device 34.
  • the measuring line 37 can be omitted if the measured value transmission between measuring device 35 and evaluation device 34 takes place wirelessly, for example via a radio link. It applies to all lines presented in the context of this invention that they can be wired as well as wireless and that these lines transmit signals or data not only in the direction indicated by arrows, but also in the opposite direction can be.
  • the evaluation device 34 can output a control signal 5 as a function of the determined measured value 3.
  • the composition of the aqueous medium 4 can be carried out in-line by means of the measuring device 35, for example by optical or electrical measuring methods such as refractometry, turbidity measurement, particle size analysis or infrared measurement, for example to determine the content of sugar, starch, salt and other ingredients released from the raw material 2 to investigate.
  • the measuring device 35 is assigned to the return line 28.
  • the measuring device 35 could, however, also be assigned to the container 20, for example one of its washing chambers 22.
  • the control signal 5 output by the evaluation unit 34 is transmitted to a control unit 48.
  • the control unit 48 (symbolized by an arrow) can be assigned to an inlet valve 38 of the fresh water supply 23, for example.
  • fresh water 24 can be supplied, the supplied fresh water quantity being able to depend on the determined measured value 36.
  • the control signal 5 can additionally or alternatively be output to a control unit 48 of a return valve 39, which adjusts the amount of the process water 35 returned through the return line 28.
  • the aqueous medium 3 can thus be composed of a portion of recycled process water 26 and a portion of fresh water 24. In this way, excessive contamination of the aqueous medium 4 and undesired transfer of the contamination to the preserved food 1 and the resulting quality certificates can be avoided. At the same time, it can be ensured that there is no unnecessarily high consumption of fresh water 24.
  • the control signal 5 can also be output by the evaluation device 34 to a control unit 48 of the capacitor 11. If, for example, a high starch and sugar content is found in the aqueous medium 3 at the same time with an adequate supply of fresh water, the electroporation can be reduced.
  • the evaluation device 34 can also output a control signal 5 to a control unit 48 of the cutting device 17. For example, if there is a high starch content in the aqueous Medium found with a comparatively low sugar content, the treatment intensity of the electroporator 11 can first be increased by outputting the control signal 5 to a control unit 48 of the electroporator 11. At the same time, a comparison with the running time of the cutting devices 17 used in the Verklein ceremoniessein direction 16 could take place and, for example, a sharpening or replacement of the cutting devices 17 can be made.
  • a further measuring device 33 a measuring device 40 for determining a measured value 41, which characterizes a product property of the preserved food 1, is provided.
  • the measuring device 40 can, for example, use infrared spectroscopy to determine essential properties of the preserved food 1, for example product color, oil content or product moisture, and output a corresponding measured value to the evaluation device 34 via a further measuring line 42.
  • the evaluation device 34 outputs a control signal 5, for example to the control unit 48 of the electroporator 11 to adjust the treatment intensity, or to the control unit 48 of the inlet valve 40 or the return valve 39 or the control unit 48 of the container 20 to achieve a reduction or increase in the fresh water supply or process water return.
  • the control signal 5 can also be output to the control unit 48 of the preservation device 29, for example in order to reduce or increase the preservation intensity, for example to adjust the temperature-time profile 32.
  • a more intensive washing can be implemented by an increased supply of fresh water, a longer washing time or a higher temperature of the washing medium.
  • the intensity of the treatment with the electric field could be adapted, for example by increasing the energy input up to a value at which a maximum reduction in the cutting force is achieved.
  • the preservation conditions could be adjusted, for example by reducing the deep-frying temperature in a last deep-frying stage or at the end of the deep-frying process, if necessary. When increasing the deep-frying temperature in the first deep-frying stage and adjusting the deep-frying time.
  • a control signal 5 can be output by the evaluation device 34 on the basis of predetermined setpoint values 43 and implemented at the corresponding process stages.
  • the determined measured value 4, 36, 41 can be compared with a predetermined nominal value 43 in the evaluation device 34 and a control signal 5 for changing a process parameter can be output if the difference between the determined measured value 4, 36, 41 and the predetermined nominal value 43 exceeds a limit value.
  • the limit value reflects a tolerance range around a specified target parameter, the difference taking into account both the deviation above and below the target parameter and thus covering both under-treatment and over-treatment.
  • the predetermined nominal value 43 can be an empirical value as well as a learned empirical value, an algorithm, for example a preprogrammed or learned algorithm.
  • an artificial intelligence can be implemented in the evaluation unit 34, which continuously monitors the measures taken and output control signals 5 for regulating a product property of the preserved food or an ingredient of the aqueous medium 4 and optimizes them in a self-learning manner.
  • the evaluation device 34 can include, for example, a memory unit 44 for recording the transmitted measured values 4, 36, 41 and / or the output control signals 5.
  • the evaluation device 34 can also have a computing unit 45 for analyzing the measured values 4, 36, 41.
  • the computing unit 45 can, for example, access a setpoint algorithm 43 for converting a measured value 4 into a control signal 5.
  • the storage unit 44 which could also be called a log unit, can record all measured values 4 and output control signals 5 as well as other operating parameters of the system 6.
  • the supplied fresh water 24, the returned process water 26, the treatment intensity of the electroporator 11, the running time of the cutting device 17, the temperature-time profile 32 used, the number of washing chambers 22, etc. can be recorded Management of the system 6 according to the invention and allows conclusions to be drawn about the effectiveness of the controls carried out by the output control signals 5, so that the system 6 can be optimized in a self-learning manner.
  • the method according to the invention and the system according to the invention thus allow a knowledge- and experience-based optimization of the production of a preserved food item 1, for example a snack product based on the example of in-line detection of measured variables, and results in one with regard to the properties of the preserved food by means of 1 and on the process quality, optimal procedures.
  • a qua- Produce litativ high-quality food 1 and avoid unnecessarily high consumption of fresh water 24 and energy.
  • the in-line recording and evaluation of measured values enables the process conditions to be adapted quickly and, thanks to the recording and effects of the measures introduced and their feedback, a fast, controlled adaptation of the process to different raw material properties.
  • the deep-frying temperature can be increased.
  • the tests have also shown that increasing the temperature in a first deep-frying stage is particularly effective. Surprisingly, it was found that after a PEF treatment, this does not lead, as is usual, to an increase in the proportion of heavily tanned products.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Nutrition Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé (1) à partir d'une matière première (2), en particulier pour la fabrication d'un en-cas, comprenant les étapes suivantes : traitement de la matière première (2) par application d'un champ électrique ; mise en contact de la matière première traitée (2) avec un milieu aqueux (3) ; et conservation de la matière première (2) pour obtenir un produit alimentaire (1), après l'étape de mise en contact. Pour éviter l'apparition d'impuretés lors de la fabrication de produits alimentaires conservés et obtenir une qualité de produit constante, l'étape suivante est prévue selon l'invention : détermination d'une valeur de mesure (4). La présente invention concerne en outre un dispositif (6) pour la fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé (1) à partir d'une matière première (2).
EP21728247.4A 2020-05-27 2021-05-27 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé à partir d'une matière première, en particulier un en-cas Pending EP4156965A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020206638.8A DE102020206638A1 (de) 2020-05-27 2020-05-27 Verfahren und Anlage zur Herstellung von einem konservierten Nahrungsmittel aus einer Rohware, insbesondere eines Snack-Produktes
PCT/EP2021/064241 WO2021239897A1 (fr) 2020-05-27 2021-05-27 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé à partir d'une matière première, en particulier un en-cas

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EP4156965A1 true EP4156965A1 (fr) 2023-04-05

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EP21728247.4A Pending EP4156965A1 (fr) 2020-05-27 2021-05-27 Procédé et dispositif de fabrication d'un produit alimentaire conservé à partir d'une matière première, en particulier un en-cas

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US (1) US20230270143A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4156965A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020206638A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021239897A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021107188A1 (de) 2021-03-23 2022-09-29 Elea Service Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern eines biologischen Prozessgutes
DE102022105907A1 (de) 2022-03-14 2023-09-14 Elea Service Gmbh Verfahren zum Herstellen eines zu einem Snackprodukt weiterverarbeitbaren Halbfabrikats

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1906772B1 (fr) * 2005-05-12 2015-07-08 Estrella Maarud Holding AS Traitement de pommes de terre
EP1980158B9 (fr) 2007-04-05 2016-06-15 Intersnack Knabber-Gebäck GmbH & Co. KG Procédé de traitement de matières cellulaires formant de l'acrylamide et/ou de la mélanoïdine de matériau végétal féculent, tout comme matériau végétal doté de la teneur amoindrie en acrylamide et/ou mélanoïdines
DE102017210328A1 (de) * 2017-06-20 2018-12-20 Elea Vertriebs- Und Vermarktungsgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von einem Nahrungsmittel, insbesondere einem Snack-Produkt, mit verbessertem Einbringen eines Zusatzstoffes durch Anlegen eines elektrischen Feldes
DE102018201480A1 (de) 2018-01-31 2019-08-01 Elea Vertriebs- Und Vermarktungsgesellschaft Mbh Verfahren und System zur Prozessüberwachung der Behandlung von Medien, insbesondere HACCP-konformes Verfahren beziehungsweise System zur Haltbarmachung von Lebensmitteln

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US20230270143A1 (en) 2023-08-31
WO2021239897A1 (fr) 2021-12-02

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