EP4134345A1 - Simplified gauge for the alignment of elevator guide rails - Google Patents

Abstract

Gauge (1) for aligning elevator guide rails (7) with an L-shaped base body (2), the first leg (3) of which has a first mark (9), ideally in the form of a first notch, for interaction with a rope (18). which marks a vertical line passing through the hoistway, and the second leg (4) of which preferably has at least one second mark (10), ideally in the form of a second notch, for interaction with a rope (18) which has a horizontal line passing through the hoistway marked, wherein the first leg (3) has two extensions (5, 6) which can accommodate the running surface (8) of the guide rail (7) between them, which holds the gauge (1) in its working position, characterized in that that one of the extensions (5; 6) is provided with at least one magnetic element (13) which is strong enough to fix the gauge (1) to the guide rail (7) for the duration of its alignment without additional clamping.

Description

The invention relates to a jig or assembly jig for aligning elevator guide rails according to the type of the preamble of claim 1, and an assembly system constructed using such jigs.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

In order to achieve the best possible driving comfort, the guide rails for a car and possibly also its counterweight must be aligned as precisely as possible relative to one another. Each track made up of individual rails arranged one on top of the other must run as vertically as possible throughout. The leading running surfaces of the rails of two opposite rail lines that jointly ensure the guidance of a car or a counterweight must lie as precisely as possible in common planes. The tolerances are usually smaller than the usual tolerances in shell construction, which specify the measure of things for the accuracy of the building and the lift shaft erected in it. There is therefore a need to precisely align the guide rails forming a rail track during installation.

This work must be carried out as precisely as possible and therefore requires great care.

It is already known to provide the fitters with teachings that make checking and setting the required dimensions as easy as possible. Such teachings are typically given to the fixed guide rails to be mounted. You must first be aligned there with sufficient accuracy in order to then be able to provide the required orientation with sufficient accuracy for the further assembly process.

In order to make the fitters' work as easy as possible, some of the known gauges are equipped with integrated or attached spirit levels. As soon as the dragonfly or dragonflies indicate that the relevant teaching has been brought into a horizontal alignment on the guide rail, the fitter can tighten the clamping screws provided on the teaching and thereby fix the teaching to the guide rail assigned to it.

Typically, such gages are not sold and billed in addition to the elevator hardware. Instead, they are usually included with the ordered elevator material as a free bonus. Because of this, there is great interest in being able to produce these gauges as inexpensively as possible without having to accept any functional losses.

THE UNDERLYING PROBLEM

Accordingly, the invention is based on the problem of creating a gauge that can be aligned and fastened as conveniently and precisely as possible on the elevator rail assigned to it and that offers savings potential in terms of production costs.

THE SOLUTION ACCORDING TO THE INVENTION

To solve this problem, a teaching for aligning elevator guide rails according to the entirety of the features of claim 1 is proposed.

It is a teaching for aligning elevator guide rails with an at least essentially L-shaped base body. Whose first leg has--not necessarily, but usually on its narrow side directly facing the guide rail holding it--a first mark, ideally in the form of a first notch or groove. It is used to interact with a rope. Said rope marks a vertical line running through the elevator shaft.

The second leg of the base body preferably also has at least one second mark, ideally in the form of a second notch or groove. It is used to interact with a rope that marks a horizontal line running through the elevator shaft.

In any case, the first leg has extensions which can receive the running surface of the guide rail between them in order to align and fix the gauge thereto. The teaching according to the invention is characterized in that one of the extensions is provided with at least one magnetic element that is strong enough to fix the teaching to the guide rail at least for the duration of its alignment, without additional clamping being required.

ADVANTAGES

The teaching according to the invention can be roughly aligned very quickly and pre-assembled with the aid of its magnets. During the precise alignment that follows, the fitter then has both hands free and can therefore work effortlessly. The gauge, which is not held too tightly at this stage, but only by moderate frictional forces generated by the normal magnetic force, can be moved very sensitively in order to adjust it precisely.

DEFINITIONS

As a rule, a rope in the sense mentioned here is a physical rope. The term "rope" does not define any quality, for example in the sense that only roped or stranded goods can be considered. A wire carrying solder is also conceivable and therefore falls under this term. However, a virtual cable in the form of a laser beam would also be conceivable.

Said magnetic element could theoretically also be an electromagnet. In practice, however, permanent magnets are clearly preferred.

Said extension does not have to carry the magnetic element directly. He can also do this via an intermediate guide shoe.

• ➢ entweder, dass der Grundkörper mit seiner Marke mit dem Seil derart zusammenwirkt, dass der Grundkörper als Verankerung für das Seil dient und das Seil dann über die Marke positionsgenau in den Schacht entlässt; das ist beispielsweise bei einem vertikalen Seil immer dann der Fall, wenn die betreffende Lehre für die augenblickliche Messung die oberste Position im einnimmt,
• ➢ oder dass eine Marke einer Lehre, die nicht der Seilverankerung dient, physisch oder zumindest optisch derart mit dem Seil in Wirkkontakt tritt, dass die Ausrichtung der Führungsschiene, an der sich die betreffende Lehre befindet, geprüft und nötigenfalls korrigiert werden kann. Das ist beispielsweise bei einem vertikalen Seil immer dann der Fall, wenn die betreffende Lehre für die augenblickliche Messung nicht die oberste Position einnimmt, sondern unterhalb liegt.

The concept of fixing without additional clamping is preferably meant in such a way that the gauge does not have to be held by the fitter during its fine alignment, but fine alignment of the gauge on the guide rail assigned to it is still possible. The interaction of the mark (or notch or groove, which is not specifically emphasized again below) is understood within the meaning of the invention

• ➢ either that the base body with its mark interacts with the rope in such a way that the base body serves as an anchor for the rope and the rope is then released into the shaft in the exact position via the mark; This is always the case, for example, with a vertical rope when the relevant gauge for the instantaneous measurement is in the uppermost position in the
• ➢ or that a mark of a gauge that does not serve to anchor the rope comes into physical or at least visual contact with the rope in such a way that the alignment of the guide rail on which the gauge in question is located can be checked and corrected if necessary. This is always the case with a vertical rope, for example, when the relevant gauge for the instantaneous measurement is not in the top position, but is below it.

PREFERRED DESIGN OPTIONS

Ideally, the L-shaped base body is a sheet metal part—preferably essentially or completely plane in itself. This simplifies production and makes the gauge light and therefore very ergonomic.

The base body preferably has an extension on its narrow side directly facing the rail running surface a guide shoe is attached. In the mounted state, its guide surface is parallel to the running surface of the rail carrying the gauge. In this way, the gauge can be applied very precisely to the guide rail, even if it is mainly a narrow, flat sheet metal part. The guide surface of the guide shoe preferably forms the zero line for the positioning of at least one of the said marks, usually that of the first leg.

The guide surface preferably projects upwards and downwards beyond the extension carrying the guide shoe. This gives a high level of positional stability, even if the plumb line is temporarily pulled unintentionally. Ideally, the guide shoe carries at least one magnetic element below and above the extension. As a rule, the magnetic elements, which are spaced apart from one another by more than just an insignificant amount, enable a provisional fixing that is secured quite well against unintentional displacement.

It makes sense for the guide shoe to be a bent sheet metal part with a preferably U-shaped profile cross section and therefore to be manufactured easily and inexpensively.

Ideally, the guide shoe is slotted in such a way that it can be slid in a form-fitting manner onto the extension of the base body assigned to it. It is then supported against this when bending loads occur. Guide shoe and extension then stabilize each other. The guide shoe is ideally welded to the extension carrying it and/or to the base body.

A clamping shoe is preferably on the other extension of the base body fastened. It forms at least one female thread in which a clamping screw runs to clamp the guide shoe to a running surface. It is particularly favorable if the clamping shoe - possibly apart from its nut thread - and the guide shoe are identical parts. This saves production costs. At the same time, it is ensured that the clamping shoe has the same high strength as the guide shoe, which it also needs when clamping due to the "actio equals reaction" principle of forces.

The web of the base body that connects the two extensions to one another is preferably designed and positioned in such a way that it is a stop for that narrow side surface of the guide rail holding the gauge that directly connects the two opposite running surfaces of the guide rail to one another.

Ideally, a third mark - often in the form of a notch - is provided in the area of the outer corner formed by the first and second legs for interaction with a cable which marks a horizontal line running through the elevator shaft. This mark makes it possible to tension the rope, which is held stretched horizontally by a pair of gauges according to the invention, by means of a plumb bob hanging down vertically in the shaft with an appropriate weight.

The second leg of the base body preferably has at least one, better several and ideally at least three holes, usually elongated holes, arranged one behind the other in a straight line. These are arranged in a row. They thus form an optical reference line along which it can be judged whether the gauge is correctly aligned relative to a rope that marks a horizontal line running through the elevator shaft. Ideally, at least the position of the zero line specified by the guide surface of the guide shoe and preferably also the position of at least one mark calculated therefrom are indicated by a window-like opening in the base body. In this way, an unmistakable marking is specified, which always remains legible even in rough construction site operation. The marking is preferably such that the observer can recognize from the opening alone what is being displayed to him and at which exact point the dimension in question can be found.

Independent protection is also claimed for a mounting system consisting of several guide rails to be mounted, several teachings according to the invention attached to them, and several plumb bobs held on ropes, which is characterized in that at least two of the teachings form an uppermost pair of teachings on which the Plumb bobs holding ropes are attached, and other identical gauges scan the position specified by the plumb bob ropes.

FIGURE LIST

The figure 1 shows a teaching according to the invention seen from above in the state attached to a guide rail.

The figure 2 shows the teaching according to figure 1 before mounting it on the guide rail.

The figure 3 shows the from figure 1 teaching shown in a perspective view.

The Figure 3a shows the teaching according to figure 3 and visualizes the course of a horizontally stretched rope, as used for alignment, with a dashed line.

The figure 4 shows the teaching in a perspective view.

The figure 5 illustrates how the jig is used to align the rail of a rail track along the vertical.

The figure 6 is a detail enlargement from the figure 5 .

The figure 7 shows how the teachings according to the invention are used to align two pairs of guide rail strands that belong to one another.

The figure 8 shows that from figure 7 Shown seen from above.

EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENT

The basic structure of teaching 1 according to the invention can best be seen on the basis of the figure 1 recognize.

The base body 2, which often makes up the majority of the teaching, is clearly visible. It has an—at least essentially—L-shaped form here. Because of this, the base body 2 has a first leg 3 and a second leg 4. The two legs usually meet at an angle of approximately or even exactly 90°.

The base body 2 is ideally made of sheet metal. It is favorable if it represents an at least essentially or completely flat sheet metal part, the latter being shown here in the form of a figure. The preferred sheet metal thickness is between 1.7 mm and 3.5 mm. A design as a galvanized sheet metal part or as a sheet metal part made of stainless steel is ideal.

Two mostly integrally formed extensions, a first extension 5 and a second extension 6, extend from the first leg 3. They are preferably each designed as a substantially rectangular tongue. As can be seen clearly, when the gauge is in the mounted state, these two extensions 5, 6 hold that section of the guide rail 7 between them that forms the running surfaces 8 thereof. What is interesting here is that the guide rail 7 is generally not received symmetrically between the two extensions 5 and 6 in the assembled state. Instead it is farther from one process than from the other process, compare figure 1 .

It is easy to see that the first leg 3 forms a first mark 9 . The latter is designed here as a groove, preferably with a circular groove base and in any case with groove side walls, between which a cable running vertically through the shaft can be inserted. As can be seen, this first mark 9 is arranged in the area of the narrow side of the first leg 3, which faces the guide rail or its holding base directly.

It is also easy to see that the second leg 4 has a second mark 10 . As can be seen, this second mark 10 is preferably designed as a V-shaped notch, as a result of which the center of the mark can be easily recognized. In this exemplary embodiment, this second mark 10 is preferably attached to that end face of the second leg 4 which faces away completely from the guide rail 7 when the gauge is installed as intended on the guide rail.

As can be seen, in addition to the first mark 9 and the second mark 10, a third mark 11 is also provided. It is attached in the area of the outer corner formed by the first and second leg. It is positioned and designed in such a way that it can cooperate with the second marker 10 on the same cable. The manner in which such an interaction takes place will be described in more detail later.

In this embodiment, a guide shoe 12 is attached to the first extension 5 . Ideally, the guide shoe 12 is also made of sheet metal, as a bent sheet metal part. This is best visualized by looking at the together figures 1 and 3 .

It is particularly favorable if the cross section of the bent sheet metal part representing the guide shoe 12 is essentially U-shaped, as shown here, with two free U-legs pointing backwards from the guide rail. Because then the two free U-legs of the guide shoe 12 can be supported against the base body 2 of the gauge when bending loads occur.

A particularly effective way of fastening the guide shoe 12 to the base body 2 is achieved in that the guide shoe is slotted on the left and right in the area of its two free U-legs. Slit in this way, it can be pushed onto the first extension 5 with its two U-legs. This alone often results in good stabilization. It is typically perfected by welding, usually one or more welding spots are set.

How to turn best using the figure 1 can see, the guide shoe 12 has on its side facing away from the extension 5 a guide surface with which it rests against the guide surface of the guide rail 7 facing it. The guide shoe projects—at least with its guide surface—preferably upwards and downwards beyond the extension 5, ie beyond the plane in which the base body 2 lies.

The guide shoe 12 carries at least one magnet element 13. This is preferably not the end of the story. It is better if the guide shoe has two magnetic elements that are spaced apart from one another by more than just an insignificant amount, preferably by at least 40 mm. Ideally, it carries a magnetic element 13 in its upper area, which protrudes beyond the extension 5. In the same way, it then carries a magnetic element 13 in its lower area, downwards over the extension 5 protruding area another such magnetic element, which is not shown here figuratively. It has proven to be expedient if the magnet element(s) 13 are attached from the rear side of the guide shoe 12 facing away from the guide surface of the elevator rail 7, ie are positioned on the said rear side of the guide shoe. The central part of the U-shaped guide shoe, preferably made of a soft magnetic material, can then form a field concentrator for the magnetic field lines emanating from the magnetic element 13 .

In this embodiment, a clamping shoe 14 is attached to the second extension 6 . As can be seen quite clearly, the same base body is preferably used as the clamping shoe 14 as for the formation of the guide shoe 12. The statements made for the guide shoe 12 apply accordingly to it.

The clamping shoe carries at least one, preferably at least two nut threads 15, which is typically formed in a bore of the clamping shoe 14 or, better, is provided by a nut welded to it, the latter not being shown here in the figures. Ideally, the clamping shoe 14 has two nut threads for corresponding clamping screws, specifically preferably approximately or exactly there or in the area where the guide shoe 12 is equipped with a magnetic element 13 in each case.

The clamping shoe 14 also obtains its particular stability due to its special design and attachment, which has already been discussed above for the guide shoe 12 .

The consistent design of the gauge as a sheet metal part not only reduces the effort, but above all saves weight. The latter has a positive effect on the fitter when handling it during the assembly process.

It is also worth mentioning that the best in the figure 2 recognizable, ideally running straight connecting web 16 between the first extension 5 and the second extension 6 forms a stop. That narrow face of the guide rail which directly connects the two guide surfaces of the guide rail to one another runs against this stop, compare also figure 1 . This means nothing other than that the fitter does not have to worry about how far he pushes the teaching onto the guide rail with the teaching according to the invention. It simply pushes them on until the guide rail rests against the connecting web 16. The gauge is designed in such a way that all dimensions to be determined with it are then correct.

The figure 5 illustrates quite well how to use the assembly device according to the invention in order to align and assemble the rails of a rail track correctly positioned in the vertical direction.

A teaching according to the invention is set at the uppermost end of the rail track to be erected at the moment. At the first leg 3, the upper end of a rope carrying a plumb bob is attached. The fastening is preferably carried out in such a way that said rope is released downwards into the shaft via the first mark 9 of the first leg 3 in a defined alignment. This type of attachment of the cable is not shown in the figure in this application.

Coming from above, the rope with the plumb bob hangs down the shaft like that figure 5 shows.

In order to now correctly align a rail section of the rail section in question that is located underneath, another teaching according to the invention is pushed onto the rail section in question that is to be aligned. The figure on the left shows how this process begins figure 5 . The teaching according to the invention is pushed onto the guide rail 7 until the connecting web 16 comes to a stop on the end face of the guide rail between its two guide surfaces, see also FIG 6 . In this position, the teaching according to the invention is already held on the guide rail with the aid of the magnetic forces of the magnetic elements.

The fitter now has both hands free. He can easily use a spirit level to ensure that the teaching according to the invention is properly aligned. If necessary, minor corrections can easily be made by moving the gauge, which is currently only held magnetically. Then the gauge is finally fixed to the guide rail with the help of the clamping screw or screws.

In order to correctly align the relevant section of the guide rail strand, the affected guide rails forming it are carefully shifted by using the possibilities offered by the elongated holes in the rail brackets until the rope is clean and without being deflected in mark 9 of the first Leg 3 is located. Then the correct positioning is achieved. You can see this a little more precisely using the figure 6 keep in mind.

However, it is not sufficient if each individual rail track, which is part of a pair of rail tracks, for example, which form a car guide or a counterweight guide, is correctly aligned in the vertical direction. It is also important that the running surfaces of each pair of rails run exactly parallel to one another.

This can also be easily achieved with the aid of the teachings according to the invention. To do this, a pair of jigs is pre-assembled at the same level on a pair of opposing and later cooperating rail tracks, then, using the magnetic forces, they are conveniently and precisely horizontally aligned and locked in place. The assembly is done like that figure 7 shows.

Then a rope 18 is hung into it - which is preferably equipped at both ends with a plumb bob 17 because it is hung in the same way on both opposing gauges. Alternatively, one end of the rope can be free and guided through an anchoring hole 11a aligned with the third mark 11 and secured below the hole by a knot or a clamp to prevent it from being pulled out of the hole again.

Looking at the Figures 3 and 7 next to each other, then it becomes clear that the rope provided with a plumb bob in the first of the two cases just mentioned is hung on each of the opposing gauges in such a way that it passes over mark 11 of the relevant gauge, which is designed here as a groove with a preferably U-shaped groove base is deflected downwards from its horizontal to the vertical. The two ends of the rope carrying the plumb bob 17 thus hang vertically down into the shaft. Where that anchoring hole 11a is used, what has just been said naturally only applies to the rope end provided with a countersunk hole.

Between the two teachings of the invention, the rope runs horizontally with the necessary tension, as does the figure 7 shows.

With the help of the second mark 10 in the form of the V-shaped notches and with the help of the row of elongated holes 19 it can now be checked very precisely whether the guide surfaces of the opposing guide rail strands are in a common vertical plane. With a corresponding design of the gauges, as proposed here, a measure of this is, for example, the fact that the horizontally running part of the rope, which starts from the third mark 11, runs exactly parallel to the line from the elongated holes 19 and then exactly above the second Marker 10 in the form of the V-shaped notch runs off the second leg 4 of the gauge, cf Figure 3a .

It is particularly expedient if the line from the elongated holes is attached to the second leg 4 of the gauge 1 in such a way that the rope does not completely cover it, especially when the alignment is correct or almost correct, but leaves it partially visible. Then they can really serve as an alignment check until the perfect alignment of the rope is achieved.

REFERENCE LIST

1

Teach

2

body

3

first leg

4

second leg

5

first extension

6

second process

7

guide rail

8th

running surface of the guide rail

9

first brand

10

second brand

11

third brand

11a

Anchorage hole for a plumb line associated with the third mark

12

guide shoe

13

magnetic element

14

clamping shoe

15

Thread or nut thread

16

Connecting web, as a stop

17

plummet

18

Rope

19

Long hole

Claims (13)

Gauge (1) for aligning elevator guide rails (7) with an L-shaped base body (2), the first leg (3) of which has a first mark (9), ideally in the form of a first notch, for interaction with a cable (18). which marks a vertical line passing through the hoistway, and the second leg (4) of which preferably has at least one second mark (10), ideally in the form of a second notch, for interaction with a rope (18) which has a horizontal line passing through the hoistway marked, wherein the first leg (3) has two extensions (5, 6) which can receive between them the running surface (8) of the guide rail (7) which holds the gauge (1) in its working position, characterized in that one the extensions (5; 6) are provided with at least one magnetic element (13) which is strong enough to fix the gauge (1) to the guide rail (7) for the duration of its alignment without additional clamping. Gauge (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the L-shaped base body (2) is a sheet metal part which is preferably essentially or completely planar in itself, on one extension (5; 6) of which on the rail running surface (8) a guide shoe (12) is fastened to the narrow side directly facing it, the guide surface of which is parallel to the running surface (8) of the rail (7) carrying the gauge (1) in the assembled state, with the guide surface preferably being the zero line for the positioning of at least one of the said marks (9; 10; 11). Gauge (1) according to Claim 2, characterized in that the guide surface projects upwards and downwards beyond the extension (5; 6) carrying the guide shoe (12) and preferably carries at least one magnetic element (13) below and above the extension (5; 6). . Gauge (1) according to Claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the guide shoe (12) is a bent sheet metal part with a preferably U-shaped profile cross section. Gauge (1) according to one of Claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the guide shoe (12) is slotted in such a way that it can be pushed onto the attachment assigned to it and is supported against this when bending loads occur, the guide shoe ( 12) is ideally welded to the extension (5; 6) carrying it and/or to the base body (2). Gauge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a clamping shoe (14) is fastened to the other extension (5; 6) of the base body (2), which forms at least one nut thread (15) in which a clamping screw for Tension of the guide shoe (12) with a tread (8) runs. Gauge (1) according to Claim 6, characterized in that the clamping shoe (14) - apart from its nut thread (15) - and the guide shoe (12) are identical parts. Gauge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the web (16) of the base body (2) connecting the two extensions (5, 6) to one another is designed and positioned in such a way that it forms a stop for the narrow side surface of the holding The guide rail (7) directly connects the two opposing running surfaces (8) of the guide rail (7) to one another. Gauge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the area of the outer corner formed by the first (3) and the second leg (4) a third mark (11), ideally in the form of a notch, for interaction with a rope (18) is provided, which marks a horizontal line running through the elevator shaft. Gauge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second leg (4) of the base body (2) has at least one, better several and ideally three holes (19) arranged one behind the other in a straight line, usually elongated holes, which form an optical reference line along which it can be judged whether the gauge (1) is correctly aligned relative to a rope (18) which marks a horizontal line running through the elevator shaft. Gauge (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least the position of the zero line specified by the guide surface of the guide shoe (12) and preferably also the position calculated from it, of at least one mark (9; 10; 11) through a window-like opening are displayed in the base body (2), preferably in such a way that the viewer can see from the opening alone what is being displayed to him and at what exact point the dimension in question can be found. Mounting system consisting of a plurality of guide rails (7) to be mounted, a plurality of gauges (1) attached thereto according to one of the preceding claims, and a plurality of plumb bobs (17) held on cables (18), characterized in that at least two of the gauges (1) have an uppermost Form pair of gauges on which the plumb bobs (17) holding ropes (18) are attached, and other identical gauges (1) that scan the ropes (18) of the plumb bobs (17) predetermined position. Method for aligning elevator guide rails using a plurality of gauges (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 11 , characterized in that at least two of the gauges are attached to the elevator guide rails to be aligned in such a way that they form an uppermost pair of gauges on which cables holding the plumb bob (17). (18) are fastened and that further preferably structurally identical teachings according to one of Claims 1 to 11 are fastened to the elevator guide rails, which scan the position specified by the cables (18) of the plumb bobs (17).

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