EP4121667A1 - Anordnung und verfahren zum dämpfen von schwingungen eines bauwerks - Google Patents
Anordnung und verfahren zum dämpfen von schwingungen eines bauwerksInfo
- Publication number
- EP4121667A1 EP4121667A1 EP21715131.5A EP21715131A EP4121667A1 EP 4121667 A1 EP4121667 A1 EP 4121667A1 EP 21715131 A EP21715131 A EP 21715131A EP 4121667 A1 EP4121667 A1 EP 4121667A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- damping
- damping device
- wall element
- cladding
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 221
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 152
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 11
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000037072 sun protection Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/022—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using dampers and springs in combination
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/16—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against adverse conditions, e.g. extreme climate, pests
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F7/00—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers
- F16F7/10—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect
- F16F7/104—Vibration-dampers; Shock-absorbers using inertia effect the inertia member being resiliently mounted
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2222/00—Special physical effects, e.g. nature of damping effects
- F16F2222/08—Inertia
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/0023—Purpose; Design features protective
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/08—Sensor arrangement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2230/00—Purpose; Design features
- F16F2230/18—Control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F2232/00—Nature of movement
- F16F2232/08—Linear
Definitions
- the invention relates to an arrangement and a method for damping vibrations in a building.
- high-rise buildings in particular so-called skyscrapers, are getting taller and slimmer, which also makes them more susceptible to vibrations that can be induced, for example, by wind or earthquakes.
- Systems are usually installed that are tuned to the dominant natural frequencies of the high-rise building and counteract the natural vibrations. Such systems are primarily placed in the top of the high-rise, where the amplitude of the first natural frequency can be efficiently reduced. If necessary, such systems can also be installed on lower floors.
- Dampers which can also be referred to as vibration dampers, can be used for damping.
- Such absorbers consist of a spring-mass arrangement.
- a damper counteracts the system oscillation and calms the system down through a constant counter oscillation with minimal intrinsic damping.
- vibration dampers can be used, which consist of a spring-mass-damper arrangement.
- a vibration damper behaves in a self-oscillating manner, so that it counteracts the vibration of the system and absorbs the supplied vibration energy. For this purpose, the vibration damper is matched to the vibration behavior of the system to be damped.
- Pendulum masses, roller-mounted masses or hydrodynamic damping via communicating tubes can be provided to dampen building vibrations.
- an additional mass for vibration damping which can amount to several hundred tons and has to be removed via the supporting structure.
- This is associated with a large installation space, which often extends over several floors.
- spherical pendulums suspended from the top of a building in the interior of the building or masses arranged flat and parallel to the floor or ceiling between the floors, which swing parallel to the floor and perpendicular to the walls.
- a movable double façade can be used, in which building vibrations are dampened by the fact that the façade moves away from and towards the building structure.
- a complex load-bearing solution is necessary for such systems.
- the kinematics must absorb high static vertical loads and at the same time be able to move very dynamically horizontally in order to achieve the goal of vibration damping.
- the high static load on the dynamically effective element arrangement results in high costs for the technical implementation, for example through a multi-point mounting of a variable-distance guide under high vertical load. This also limits the increase in mass of the vibration damping elements, which is desirable for favorable dynamic behavior.
- the movable elements that are required for vibration damping are also located with their large area precisely in the direction of the wind excitation, so that vibration damping is only possible if this direct excitation is taken into account.
- the vibration damping effect for passive damping is reduced and additional semi-active or active vibration dampers and special regulation of the active elements are necessary.
- Document US 2019/345729 A1 discloses a system for reducing wind-induced vibration by means of a cladding, in which movable panels are attached to an outer facade of a building, a skyscraper or other structure, by means of which the outer shape of the facade is modified, to reduce the wind-induced vibration.
- the document KR 10-2018-0024329 A present relates to a wall insulation system arrangement with embossed plates.
- embossed panels are installed in all directions on the front of insulation frames and horizontal materials to complete the wall. When vibration occurs in a building from an earthquake, tilt the panels within a certain range in order to reduce the vibration occurring in the building or to absorb the vibration.
- the panels have an uneven outer surface.
- the document EP 3 088 635 B1 describes a reinforcement structure for an existing building.
- the structure comprises a reinforcement frame including vertical frame elements and horizontal frame elements and vibration control elements.
- the reinforcement frame is provided on an exterior wall surface of an existing building with an overhang on the exterior wall surface to enclose the overhang.
- the horizontal frame elements are steel elements.
- Vertical beam elements and horizontal beam elements are configured to couple the reinforcement frame and the outer wall surface, with a horizontal shear force acting on the reinforcement frame being transmitted to the existing building via the horizontal beam elements and a vertical force resulting from an eccentric bending moment and acts on the reinforcement frame to which the existing building is transferred via the vertical support members.
- the vertical frame elements are steel elements and the vibration control elements are inserted between the vertical frame elements.
- the object of the invention is to provide an improved arrangement and a method for damping a vibration of a building, in which the disadvantages of the prior art are overcome and in particular an efficient damping of vibrations of the building using existing masses and with an improved supporting structure and load introduction is realized.
- an arrangement for damping vibrations of a building with a wall element to be mounted upright, a cladding element and a damping device is provided.
- the damping device is connected to both the cladding element and the wall element in such a way that a relative movement is transmitted between the wall element and the cladding element on the Dämpfungseinrich device.
- the damping device is set up to dampen a vibration movement of the wall element and is arranged such that the damping direction is oriented essentially parallel to a surface of the wall element.
- a method for damping vibrations in a building comprises providing a building, arranging a wall element upright on or in the building, arranging a cladding element on the wall element, arranging a damping device on the wall element and the cladding element such that a damping direction of the damping device is parallel to a Surface of the wall element is aligned, the connection of the damping device with the cladding element and with the wall element in such a way that a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element is transmitted to the damping device, and the damping of a vibrational movement of the wall element transmitted to the damping device along the Direction of damping.
- a vibration of a structure for example a building, in particular a high-rise, induced by wind excitation or earthquakes
- the arrangement in or on the upper floors of a high-rise building can be used.
- a relative oscillatory movement of the cladding element to the wall element along the damping direction is made possible, whereby an oscillation of the wall element is damped by the damping device.
- vibration of a structure, in particular a special building can be damped on or in which the arrangement is used.
- the wall element can be part of the structure or be permanently connected to it.
- a maximum stroke between 0.1 m and 2 m, preferably between 0.2 m and 1 m, more preferably between 0.3 m and 0.7 m, be provided for example of 0.5 m.
- the surface of the wall element is the surface which extends over the main extent of the wall element.
- the surface of the wall element is perceived as a wall.
- the wall element is right to assemble so that the surface of the wall element is not horizontal.
- the surface of the wall element can run essentially orthogonally to a base area of a structure, in particular a building, on or in which the wall element is or will be arranged.
- the wall element can remain mounted in an at least partially inclined orientation, with a generally upright orientation of the wall element being maintained.
- the upright wall element is not a floor element or ceiling element.
- the wall element can be a wall of a structure, for example a building.
- the wall element can be mounted during the construction of the structure by erecting the wall of the structure.
- the wall can be formed by a structure which surrounds a free space that is delimited by the wall element.
- the wall can comprise elements, for example glass panes, which close off the free space.
- the wall can be formed by a supporting structure or a supporting structure, for example with vertically, horizontally and / or diagonally extending elements, for example by the end faces of a floor and a ceiling structure of a floor of a building and vertically extending support elements which enclose a free space to be closed by a facade.
- the wall element is installed upright by erecting the wall upright.
- the wall element can be an element which can be arranged or mounted on a wall of a building in order to dampen a vibration of the building.
- the wall element can be an inner cladding of a double cladding, while the cladding element is an outer cladding of the double cladding.
- the damping device can be connected directly or indirectly to the wall element, for example via a support structure.
- the cladding element can be mounted resiliently and / or oscillating relative to the wall element.
- the damping device can be arranged in such a way that the damping direction continues to be oriented essentially horizontally.
- the damping direction is aligned both parallel to the surface of the wall element and horizontally.
- a horizontal alignment of the damping direction can mean an alignment paral lel to a base of a building on or in which the wall element is or will be arranged so that the damping direction is a lateral direction of movement of the relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element indicates.
- the base area of the structure can be leveled in relation to the surroundings of the structure.
- a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element can be prevented along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall element.
- preventing a relative movement can mean preventing such a movement which goes beyond the play between components that is necessary for a corresponding construction.
- the cladding element can be guided on the wall element or on a building, for example by means of a rail system that does not allow relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall element, except for a necessary clearance.
- the damping device can be guided on the wall element or on the structure in such a way that a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element along a direction perpendicular to the surface of the wall element is not possible except for a necessary clearance.
- the damping device can be firmly connected to the cladding element or to the wall element.
- a fixed connection is to be understood as a connection which does not allow a relative movement between the permanently connected elements.
- the fixed connection can be detachable, for example by screwing, hooking, or hanging, or not (easily) detachable, for example by welding, soldering or gluing, be provided.
- the fixed connection can be provided directly between the elements or indirectly via connecting elements.
- the damping device can (at the same time) be firmly connected both to the cladding element and to the wall element.
- the two fixed connections can each be provided detachable or not (easily) detachable, or one of the connections can be provided detachably and the other of the connections not (easily) detachable.
- the cladding element can be guided over the damping device on the wall element or on a building such that the cladding element is connected to the wall element or the building exclusively via the damping device.
- the damping device can be connected to the wall element or the structure by means of a rail system.
- a non-fixed connection in which a relative movement between the connected elements is not (completely) prevented, a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element being transmitted to the damping device.
- the damping device can be connected to the cladding element and / or to the wall element in such a way that a relative movement between the connected elements is prevented in at least one direction and is made possible in at least one further direction.
- a connection can be established by inserting a pin into an opening in such a way that a relative movement is made possible in an axial direction of the pin and is not made possible in directions perpendicular thereto.
- a connection is established by resting on it, so that a movement along the damping direction is transmitted in the positive direction of movement by pressure and is not transmitted in the negative direction of movement opposite to the positive direction of movement, since the connected elements move away from each other.
- the damping device can comprise a damper.
- a spring-mass-damper system can be formed in the arrangement by means of the damping device.
- the damping device can comprise a spring element.
- the arrangement can thus comprise a vibration damper. Dampers are known as such.
- the damper can be a viscous damper or a magnetorheological damper.
- the damping device can comprise a spring element and be designed free from a damper.
- a spring-mass system can thus be formed in the arrangement by means of the damping device.
- the arrangement can thus include a damper.
- the mass of the spring-mass-damper system or the spring-mass system can be designed as a separate mass in the arrangement. Alternatively or additionally, the mass can be a mass of the cladding element and / or the damping device. In particular, the mass of the spring-mass system can be the masses of the cladding element and a separate mass and possibly other elements as a result of the total mass.
- the damping device is set up by its effect in the spring-mass system or in the spring-mass-damper system, the vibration to dampen movement of the wall element.
- the wall element can be firmly connected to a building, and the damping device, together with the cladding element, can form a damper or vibration damper which dampens a vibrational movement of the building that is transmitted to the wall element.
- the damping device can comprise a drive device which is set up to generate a force which, for damping a vibratory movement of the wall element, counteracts a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element transmitted to the damping device, or a relative movement between the wall element and the damping device the cladding element reinforced.
- a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element can be dampened (i.e. counteracted) or strengthened in order to influence the relative movement in such a way that an energy exchange caused by the relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element leads to a damping of the vibration of the Wall element leads.
- the drive device can comprise an electrical machine, in particular an electric motor, for example a stepping motor or a direct current motor, or a hydraulic or pneumatic drive.
- the damping device can comprise a generator device which is set up to convert kinetic energy of a relative movement transmitted to the damping device between the wall element and the cladding element into another form of energy.
- the generator device can act as a damper for the damping device.
- the generator device can convert kinetic energy of the relative movement into an easily usable form of energy, for example electrical energy or chemical energy for storage in an accumulator, instead of converting it into heat.
- the generator device can comprise an electrical generator, which can be designed, for example, as a rotating electrical machine.
- the damping device can comprise a movement converter which converts the linear movement along the damping direction into a movement suitable for the generator device, for example into a rotation or into a linear movement along another direction.
- the damping device can comprise both a generator device and a drive device.
- the damping device can comprise a combined generator-drive device, which is set up in a first operating state to convert kinetic energy of a relative movement transmitted to the damping device between the wall element and the cladding element into another energy form and in one form second operating state to generate a force which, for damping vibrations of the wall element, can counteract or reinforce a relative movement transmitted to the damping device between the wall element and the cladding element.
- the combined generator-drive device can comprise an electric machine which is designed both for motor operation and for generator operation.
- the damping device can comprise a movement converter which is set up for a conversion between the linear movement along the damping direction and a movement suitable for the generator drive device, in particular a rotation.
- a generator device can be designed as an electric generator which is only designed for efficient generator operation, and a drive device can include an electric motor which is only designed for efficient motor operation.
- the damping device can comprise a generator device and a drive device, which are designed separately from one another.
- the arrangement can be set up to use energy provided by the generator device for operating the arrangement.
- Energy converted with the generator can be used for self-sufficient operation of the arrangement.
- the energy converted with the generator can be used to set a damping effect of the damping device.
- a damper of the damping device can be set, in particular a resistance of the damper, for example as a function of a vibration state of the wall and cladding element. Efficient vibration damping of the wall element can hereby be provided.
- the damping device comprises both a generator device and a drive device
- energy converted with the generator can be used as an alternative or in addition to driving the motor device.
- the energy converted by the generator can be temporarily stored and later used to drive the mo- io gate device can be used, in particular in designs with a combined generator-drive device.
- the arrangement can be operated independently without supplying additional energy beyond the vibration energy. In this way, more efficient vibration damping can be provided.
- the arrangement can comprise a sensor device which is set up to detect a movement of the wall element, a movement of the cladding element or a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element.
- the sensor device can generate sensor data which indicate the movement of the wall element, the movement of the cladding element or the relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element.
- the sensor device can be set up to detect a movement of the wall element and a movement of the cladding element and to generate respective sensor data.
- a plurality of sensor devices can be provided, one sensor device detecting a movement of the wall element and generating corresponding sensor data and another sensor device detecting a movement of the cladding element and generating corresponding further sensor data.
- the sensor data can be used to adapt a damping effect of the arrangement, for example by means of a semi-active control.
- active regulation based on the sensor data can be provided, for example by a corresponding control of a generator device and / or a drive device.
- the wall element can be an outer wall of a building and the cladding element can be a facade element.
- the outer wall of the building can be formed by an inner facade of a double facade and the cladding element can be formed by an outer facade of the double facade.
- the outer wall can be an integral wall of the building and the facade element can be a single element of a multi-part facade of the building.
- the wall element can be an inner wall of a building and the cladding element can be an element used to clad the inner wall.
- the inner wall of the building can be formed by an inner cladding of a double cladding and the cladding element can be formed by an external cladding of the double cladding.
- the cladding element can be a facade element, a shell element, a front wall or an integral part of a double facade.
- the cladding element can be a statically and / or dynamically effective element in a building.
- the arrangement can comprise a further cladding element and a further damping device.
- the further damping device can be connected to the further cladding element as well as to the wall element in such a way that a relative movement between the wall element and the further cladding element along the damping direction is transmitted to the further damping device and the vibrational movement of the wall element is damped by means of the further damping device.
- Additional cladding elements and respectively associated damping devices can be provided. As a result, a wall of a building can be clad over a large area with several cladding elements, which all contribute to the damping of a vibration of the building.
- the cladding element and the further cladding element can be firmly connected to one another.
- a fixed connection is to be understood as a connection which does not allow a relative movement between the permanently connected elements.
- the fixed connection can be detachable, for example by screwing, hooking, or hanging, or not (easily) detachable, for example by welding, soldering or gluing, be provided.
- the fixed connection can be provided directly between the elements or indirectly via connecting elements.
- a fixed connection with additional cladding elements can also be provided. As a result, a vibration of the building can be damped by cladding a wall of the building with a plurality of cladding elements which vibrate as a total cladding.
- the further damping device can be connected both to the further cladding element and to a further wall element to be mounted upright, in such a way that a relative movement between the further wall element and the further cladding element along a further damping direction is transmitted to the further damping device and an oscillatory movement furthermore Wall element is damped by means of the further damping device, the further damping device is arranged such that the further damping direction is aligned essentially parallel to a surface of the further wall element.
- the further wall element can be directed at an angle, for example a right angle, to the wall element. This makes it possible to dampen vibrations in different directions.
- damping of torsional vibrations of a building can be provided in or on which the arrangement is used.
- the wall element can be an outer wall and the further wall element can be an inner wall.
- the configurations provided in connection with several cladding elements and damping devices arranged on a wall element and the configurations provided in connection with lining elements and damping devices arranged on several wall elements can be provided individually or in combination.
- the outer walls on the upper floors of a building can each be provided over the entire surface with several facade elements and damping devices in order to effectively dampen vibrations of the building.
- a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element is only made possible in the damping direction.
- a relative movement between the wall element and the cladding element is made possible in one or more further directions.
- the damping device is set up to dampen an oscillating movement of the wall element in one or more further damping directions.
- one or more further damping devices assigned to the cladding element can be provided, which are each set up to dampen a vibrational movement of the wall element in one or more further damping directions, which can each be oriented essentially parallel to the upper surface of the wall element .
- the components of the arrangement can be designed for a specific application envisaged.
- the damping device and the cladding element for example the mass of the cladding element, and possibly other components, can be designed for a vibration behavior that is expected in a planned application.
- the wall element can be firmly connected to a building or be part of a building whose vibrations are to be damped.
- one or more of the factors mass of a building whose vibrations are to be damped, rigidity of the building, structural damping of the building, natural frequencies of the building, vibration amplitudes of the building, height of the building, cross-section of the building, source of the expected vibration excitation can be used for the design of one or more of the factors , expected intensity of the vibration excitation, frequency, in particular frequency spectrum, expected vibrations and amplitude of the expected vibrations must be taken into account.
- corresponding influences of the arrangement or of parts of the arrangement, in particular the wall element can be taken into account.
- the order of the steps can vary in different versions.
- the wall element can be a wall of the building and can be arranged on or in the building shell, for example.
- the wall element can be arranged on or in the building after the cladding element and / or the damping device has been arranged on the wall element; Wall of the structure to be arranged.
- the damping device can first be arranged on the cladding element in order to then arrange the damping device and the cladding element on the wall element.
- the damping device can first be arranged on the wall element in order to then arrange the cladding element on the wall element and the damping device.
- the respective connection of the damping device to the wall element and the cladding element can take place directly after the corresponding step of arranging or later, for example after the cladding element and the damping device have been arranged.
- the configurations described above in connection with the arrangement for damping a vibration of a building can be provided accordingly.
- the method can include arranging and connecting several wall elements, several cladding elements and / or several damping devices.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a building with a known system for vibration damping
- Fig. 2 is a schematic representation of a further known system for vibration damping
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of an arrangement for damping vibrations of a building
- 4 shows a schematic representation of the damping of wind-induced vibrations
- 5 shows a schematic illustration of the damping of torsional vibrations
- FIG. 6 shows a schematic representation of a further arrangement for damping vibrations of a building
- FIG. 7 shows a schematic representation of yet another arrangement for damping vibrations of a building
- Fig. 9 is a schematic representation of a further damping device.
- FIG. 1 shows a building 1, namely a slim high-rise, with a known system for damping vibrations, which comprises a movably resiliently mounted mass 2 in the top of the building 1.
- the building 1 is excited to vibrate by the wind.
- the wind direction 3 of the stimulating wind shows here in the plane of the drawing.
- the wind excitation takes place primarily through vortex shedding of the wind passing the building 1, which causes forces acting orthogonally to the wind direction 3.
- These forces lead to Schwingun gene of the building 1 transversely to the wind direction 3, which is indicated in FIG. 1 by arrows.
- the building vibration leads to a relative movement of the mass 2 to the building 1 along the direction 4. This movement of the mass 2 counteracts the vibrations of the building of the 1 and dampens them, a damper being formed with the resiliently suspended mass.
- Fig. 2 shows another system for damping vibrations.
- facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are resiliently mounted in a variable distance to a respective outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.
- the outer walls 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d form inner facades of a double facade
- the facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d form associated outer walls of the double facade.
- the facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d perform relative movements to the building 1 perpendicular to the surface of the respective outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, so that there is a distance 7 between the facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d and the respective conditions Outer wall facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d changed. This is indicated in FIG. 2 by arrows.
- the exciting forces are absorbed by the facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d of the double facade, which are movable orthogonally to the building, and their transmission to the building 1 is thus reduced.
- the system according to FIG. 2 requires a complex load-bearing solution.
- the kinematics must both absorb high static vertical loads and at the same time be very dynamic horizontally in order to achieve the goal of vibration damping.
- the dynamically effective mass of the movable facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d which specifies the mass ratio of the movable elements and the mass of the building structure, is associated with an disadvantageously high vertical load and is therefore structurally limited.
- the movable facade elements 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d which are required for vibration damping, have a large area exactly in the direction of the wall excitation, so that vibration damping is only possible if this direct excitation is taken into account.
- regulated vibration damping such a stimulation requires a complex active regulation.
- Fig. 3 shows an arrangement according to the disclosure for damping vibrations of a building, namely a building 1 in a plan view of the building 1.
- cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are arranged on Wan delementen of the building 1 .
- the wall elements are outer walls 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of the building 1.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can thus be understood as facade elements.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are mounted in such a way that an oscillating movement opposite and parallel to the respective wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d is enabled, which is indicated in FIG. 3 by arrows.
- FIG. 3 shows an arrangement according to the disclosure for damping vibrations of a building, namely a building 1 in a plan view of the building 1.
- cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are arranged on Wan delementen of the building 1 cladding elements 8a
- the Wan elements are aligned vertically.
- the wall elements can have an at least partially inclined orientation, with a general right orientation of the wall elements on the building 1 being maintained.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d move parallel to the respective outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, the respective distance 9 between the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and the corresponding Outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d remains constant.
- the relative movement is in each case a horizontal movement.
- a relative movement can be provided in another direction of movement parallel to the corresponding outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, for example perpendicular or obliquely.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be resiliently mounted in order to form a vibration damper with each of the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d.
- a respective damper can be provided in order to form a vibration damper with each of the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are each locked in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the relevant outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be guided on a respective rail system on the relevant outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, which has a relative movement to the building 1 in the respective gene illustrated by arrows in FIG. 3 Direction allows and prevents in other directions.
- FIG. 4 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 3 in the case of vibrations being excited by wind.
- the wall 3 that sweeps past the building 1 leads to an excitation transversely to the direction of the wind due to vortex shedding, with a load distribution 10 being created on the cladding elements 8b, 8d.
- This load is - by fixing the cladding elements 8b, 8d in the direction perpendicular to the respective outer wall 5b, 5d - carry on the building 1, which is excited to vibrate, the direction of which is indicated by an arrow.
- the vibrations of the building 1 lead to a relative movement to the cladding elements 8a, 8c in the direction of vibration, as indicated by arrows.
- the energy exchange caused by this movement between the wall element and thus the building on the one hand and the cladding element and possibly movable elements with the cladding element on the other hand leads to a damping of the building vibration.
- FIG. 5 shows a damping of torsional vibrations with the arrangement according to FIG. 3. Due to the arrangement of the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, an opposing movement of the opposing elements leads to a torsional moment on the building structure, which can be coupled in as a countermeasure, for example automatically excited by vibrations and / or through an active movement of the corresponding cladding elements 8a , 8b, 8c, 8d. According to FIG. 5, a damping of Late ralschwimmern of the building 1 is achieved by a simultaneous relative movement of the Verklei making elements 8a and 8c.
- Fig. 6 shows schematically a further arrangement for damping vibrations of a structure, namely a building 1.
- the cladding element 8a forms a closed functional unit, the outside 11 of which is perceived as the facade outside of the building 1.
- a guide system 12 is used to mount the cladding element 8a on the building 1, which is suspended from the underside of the element and the upper side of the cladding element 8a.
- a damping device is arranged on the cladding element 8a in a cavity of the cladding element 8a and is firmly connected to the cladding element 8a.
- the damping device is connected to the outer wall 5a by means of a movement transmitter 13 in the form of a pin to be fastened to the building 1.
- the pin transmits a relative movement between the wall element 5a of the building 1 and the cladding element 8a on the damping device.
- the damping device can be connected to the wall element and / or to the cladding element 8a by attaching a hook of the damping device to a corresponding element, for example another hook, of the wall element or the cladding element 8a.
- the relative movement is coupled to an internal spring element 14 of the damping device, whereby a spring energy flow is achieved for the system of spring element 14 and mass of the cladding element 8a, which is thus capable of vibrating.
- a flow of damping energy is passed on via the movement transmitter 13 to a movement converter 15 of the damping device.
- the motion converter 15 can be a linear rotation converter transmission. With the movement converter 15, the linear movement is converted in such a way that a movement is created which is optimally suited to an electrical machine 16.
- a rotational movement is provided by the movement converter 15, the speed of which is adapted to the electrical machine 16, which is designed as a rotating electrical machine.
- the electrical machine 16 can be operated as a motor or generator.
- the electric machine 16 acts as a damper.
- generator mode the electrical machine 16 converts the kinetic energy of the relative movement into electrical energy.
- motor operation the electrical machine generates a force or a moment by converting provided electrical energy, which counteracts or intensifies the relative movement in order to dampen the vibrations of the wall element and thus of the building.
- Power electronics 17 provide the energy required to operate the engine or changes the electrical load in generator mode, which significantly determines the damping behavior.
- the control signals required for this are calculated in real time in a control unit 18, for example by means of estimation and control algorithms, and are transmitted to the power electronics 17.
- An electrical energy generated by the electrical machine 16 is routed in a regulated manner into an electrical energy store 19 and is then available, for example, for the autonomous operation of the control unit 18 and the power electronics 17 as well as for the motor operation.
- a respective inertial sensor system 20, 21 in the cladding element 8a and the building 1 is used to determine the time-variable system state.
- the inertial sensor system 21, which detects the building acceleration, is connected to the control unit 18 via a data connection, for example a radio connection.
- the building in particular a building 1, can be out with a double facade.
- a so-called second-skin facade ZHF
- ZHF second-skin facade
- Such a double facade can also be referred to as an open cavity facade (OCF).
- OCF open cavity facade
- Floor-to-ceiling window sashes can be integrated into the inner facade, which can be limited for ventilation purposes and fully opened for inspection and cleaning work.
- the double facade can be designed with what is known as a closed-cavity facade (CCF), which is based on a closed two-shell facade that is provided by the cladding element 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d.
- CCF closed-cavity facade
- the CCF can be double or triple glazed on the inside. This can be followed by a larger space that absorbs the sun protection and is limited to the outside by a single glazing.
- the intermediate space can also be actively flowed through by filtered dry air, which can prevent the windows from fogging up. Due to such a multi-glazed, airtight structure, both a high level of thermal insulation and a high level of sound insulation can be achieved.
- the closed structure avoids contamination of the sun protection and its control components and a maintenance-free design can be achieved.
- the facade elements Before mounting on the wall element 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, the facade elements can be completely prefabricated in the factory, which ensures consistently high quality.
- a building 1 can be provided with side lengths of 20 m to 30 m and a height of 200 m to 300 m.
- a building with a square cross-section with a side length of 12 m can be provided.
- Each floor of the building can have a height of 3.8 m.
- 3 to 4 facade elements with a respective width of 3 m to 4 m can be placed per floor and per side. It can be provided that all cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d per floor and side are firmly connected and move together. Alternatively or additionally, a vertical connection of cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d over two or more floors can be provided.
- cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be provided in this way.
- a cladding element 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be formed with a plurality of lower elements. This can save mechatronic components.
- a damping unit is provided for each of the connected cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d can be completely prefabricated during manufacture in the factory, whereby a subsequent simple and safe assembly can be guaranteed.
- Fig. 7 still another arrangement for damping vibrations of a building is shown.
- the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d each firmly connected to a damping device 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d
- each of the damping devices 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d comprising several vibration dampers 23, which are each firmly connected to the associated cladding element 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d are connected.
- Each of the vibration dampers 23 comprises a spring element 14 and a damper 24.
- the damping devices 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d are each firmly connected to an outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of a building 1 by each of the vibration dampers 23 being fixed to the respective outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d is connected. Due to the fixed connection of the vibration damper 23 to the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d as well as to the outer walls 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, a respective relative movement between the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and the outer walls 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d are transmitted to the damping devices 22a, 22b, 22c, 22d, namely to the vibration damper 23.
- the vibration damper dampens fen each time a relative movement of the cladding elements 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d parallel to the corresponding outer wall 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d and thus a vibration of the building.
- FIG. 8 shows a schematic representation of a damping device.
- the damping device is connected via a motion transmitter 13 to a wall element of a building (not shown). Furthermore, the damping device is connected to the cladding element by means of a connecting element 25 of a cladding element.
- the cladding element is fastened and guided on the outer wall of the building via a guide system 12, so that the cladding element can only perform a horizontal movement parallel to the outer wall.
- the guide system 12 comprises several rollers and a guide rail in order to guide the cladding element easily and safely against all loads on the wall element via the connecting element 25.
- the damping device comprises two spring elements 14 and a damper 24.
- a vibration damper for damping vibrations on the building is provided by means of the damping device and the mass of the movable components.
- the damper is provided as a cylinder damper 26, which brings about viscous damping.
- the damper acts in a purely passive manner, with the damping force depending on the speed.
- the damping device according to FIG. 9 shows a further damping device.
- the damping device according to FIG. 9 has an electric machine 16 as a damper 24.
- the electrical machine 16 comprises a motor-generator arrangement which can actively dampen vibrations of a building both in generator mode and, with the use of additional energy, by means of a motor.
- the electrical machine 16 is a rotating electrical machine.
- the damping device further comprises a movement converter 15 (not shown), which is designed as a gear unit which converts a linear oscillating movement into a rotational movement.
- the transmission for this purpose can be a positive-fit transmission, for example a rack and pinion transmission, a ball screw drive or a toothed belt drive.
- the transmission can be designed for a very smooth function. In this way, in particular, energy loss can be minimized, which for the movement transformation is required. Such lost energy can be regarded as damping energy which is not available for energy harvesting by means of the generator.
- an electrical generator is therefore provided, which is connected to power electronics (not shown).
- This combination allows damping to be set electrically, while at the same time energy can be obtained from the movement and temporarily stored in an energy store. Autarkic operation of the damping device can hereby be made possible.
- the generator can be designed for very low nominal speeds. For example, the generator can also be set up for use with very low first natural vibrations of a building. The generator can be set up to deliver voltages in the lower single-digit to double-digit volt range at very low speeds. For example, a stepper motor in generator mode or a DC machine can be provided as the generator.
- a controllable power electronics connected to an energy store can be provided. For example, regulation by pulse width modulation (PWM) can be provided.
- PWM pulse width modulation
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- Architecture (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020107196.5A DE102020107196A1 (de) | 2020-03-16 | 2020-03-16 | Anordnung und Verfahren zum Dämpfen von Schwingungen eines Bauwerks |
| PCT/DE2021/100258 WO2021185414A1 (de) | 2020-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Anordnung und verfahren zum dämpfen von schwingungen eines bauwerks |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4121667A1 true EP4121667A1 (de) | 2023-01-25 |
Family
ID=75277774
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP21715131.5A Pending EP4121667A1 (de) | 2020-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Anordnung und verfahren zum dämpfen von schwingungen eines bauwerks |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20230109693A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP4121667A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102020107196A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021185414A1 (de) |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3522319B2 (ja) * | 1993-12-27 | 2004-04-26 | 日立機電工業株式会社 | 搬送装置の防振搬送台 |
| US5526609A (en) * | 1994-01-28 | 1996-06-18 | Research Foundation Of State University Of New York | Method and apparatus for real-time structure parameter modification |
| US5558191A (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1996-09-24 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Tuned mass damper |
| US5915508A (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1999-06-29 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Tuned mass damper |
| JPH1082203A (ja) * | 1996-09-10 | 1998-03-31 | Arai Gumi Ltd | 建物の制振装置 |
| US6233884B1 (en) * | 1997-10-20 | 2001-05-22 | Steven B. Tipping | Method and apparatus to control seismic forces, accelerations, and displacements of structures |
| JPH11200660A (ja) * | 1998-01-13 | 1999-07-27 | Tatsuji Ishimaru | 構造物の制振構造 |
| CN100414137C (zh) * | 2002-02-27 | 2008-08-27 | 石川岛播磨重工业株式会社 | 阻尼装置及设定该阻尼装置中阻尼体特征频率的方法 |
| JP2003278827A (ja) * | 2002-03-20 | 2003-10-02 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | 塔状構造物制振装置 |
| JP2006342884A (ja) * | 2005-06-09 | 2006-12-21 | Topy Ind Ltd | 免震装置 |
| JP2010248835A (ja) * | 2009-04-17 | 2010-11-04 | Ohbayashi Corp | 制振構造物及び制振方法 |
| MX2012003202A (es) * | 2009-09-25 | 2012-05-29 | Vsl Int Ag | Metodo y estructura para amortiguar movimiento en edificios. |
| WO2016067724A1 (ja) * | 2014-10-31 | 2016-05-06 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | 緩衝器 |
| JP5759608B1 (ja) | 2014-12-08 | 2015-08-05 | 新日鉄住金エンジニアリング株式会社 | 既存建物の補強構造体 |
| US11619061B1 (en) * | 2015-09-01 | 2023-04-04 | University Of Puerto Rico | System for controlling structural vibrations of a multi-story vertical structure |
| WO2017092004A1 (en) * | 2015-12-03 | 2017-06-08 | SZ DJI Technology Co., Ltd. | Systems and methods for component protection |
| EP3450796A4 (de) * | 2016-04-29 | 2019-12-11 | Tejasa-TC, S.L.L. | Schwingungsdämpfendes trägersystem |
| KR101865154B1 (ko) | 2016-08-29 | 2018-06-07 | 정건모 | 엠보싱패널을 갖춘 벽체단열시스템조립체 |
| KR101912321B1 (ko) * | 2016-11-02 | 2018-10-26 | 장철 | 방진용 경량 인슐레이션 석재 패널 구조체 |
| CN107370043A (zh) * | 2017-08-31 | 2017-11-21 | 金浴 | 一种箱式变电站用多级高效减震底座 |
| KR101896867B1 (ko) * | 2018-03-12 | 2018-09-07 | 신동원 | 방진부를 구비한 앵커볼트 및 이를 포함하는 건축물 외장재 고정유닛 |
| WO2019217871A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-11-14 | Thornton Tomasetti, Inc. | Adjustable cladding for mitigating wind-induced vibration of high-rise structures |
| IT201800007173A1 (it) * | 2018-07-13 | 2020-01-13 | Sistema di identificazione e controllo attivo di vibrazioni in una struttura, e relativo metodo | |
| KR102177926B1 (ko) * | 2020-01-06 | 2020-11-12 | 송민석 | 외벽패널 내진 브라켓 조립체 |
| US11707961B1 (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2023-07-25 | Apple Inc. | Actuator with reinforcing structure for torsion resistance |
-
2020
- 2020-03-16 DE DE102020107196.5A patent/DE102020107196A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2021
- 2021-03-16 EP EP21715131.5A patent/EP4121667A1/de active Pending
- 2021-03-16 US US17/911,590 patent/US20230109693A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2021-03-16 WO PCT/DE2021/100258 patent/WO2021185414A1/de not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2021185414A1 (de) | 2021-09-23 |
| DE102020107196A1 (de) | 2021-09-16 |
| US20230109693A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
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