EP4108620A1 - Hebevorrichtung - Google Patents

Hebevorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4108620A1
EP4108620A1 EP21181710.1A EP21181710A EP4108620A1 EP 4108620 A1 EP4108620 A1 EP 4108620A1 EP 21181710 A EP21181710 A EP 21181710A EP 4108620 A1 EP4108620 A1 EP 4108620A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lever
angle
straight
lower frame
gripping
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP21181710.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ben KRUITHOF
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reel GmbH
Original Assignee
Reel GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reel GmbH filed Critical Reel GmbH
Priority to EP21181710.1A priority Critical patent/EP4108620A1/de
Publication of EP4108620A1 publication Critical patent/EP4108620A1/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
    • B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
    • B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
    • B66C1/422—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles actuated by lifting force

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus for hoisting a load, in particular anodes or anode blocks as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • anodes In an aluminum factory a very important part of the production process are the anodes. Anodes are used in the electrolysis processes, whereas they are being used up in this process. Thus, for each ton of aluminum approx.. 500 kg of anode material is being consumed. Generally, these anodes are made from carbon and pitch. When they are produced in a first step, they are transported by conveyors to a storage area, where they are handled by anode stacking cranes, putting the anodes in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage by the anode stacking crane, taken to a conveying system that transports them to the baking furnace where they are handled by a different crane, the furnace tending assembly.
  • the anodes are baked in the furnace, where they get their required properties, taken from the furnace and placed on a conveyor system that takes them again to a storage where they are taken again by an anode stacking crane and placed in storage.
  • the anodes are taken out of storage and placed on a conveyor that takes them to a rodding shop where a rod is attached and they can be used in the electrolysis process.
  • Both, the anode stacking crane and the furnace tending assembly have either mechanically (e.g., by gravity) or hydraulically operated clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws, described exemplary in US 4,326,937 A , US 3,719,300 A , WO 2004/079046 A2 , and US 4,133,570 A .
  • mechanical operated gripping jaws according to e.g., US 4,133,570 A
  • the clamping force to the anode is provided by a lever mechanism using the weight of the parts of the gripping mechanism and the anode to create enough clamping force so that the anode stays grabbed and can get lifted.
  • a hoisting apparatus which allows a hoisting of a load, in particular an anode as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, in a flexible and secure way.
  • the clamping force to the anode is provided by lever mechanisms that are assigned to each of both clamping jaws, whereas each lever mechanism is preferably constructed identical and contains
  • each lever mechanism allows a load to be grabbed by the clamping jaws with a nearly constant clamping force, nearly independent of the size or the dimension of the load, as these lever mechanisms are able to provide a certain clamping force to the load, e.g., the anodes, that does not vary over the stroke of the clamping jaws.
  • each lever mechanism when moving an upper frame of the hoisting apparatus relative to a lower frame, that contains the gripping jaws, each movably connected to the lower frame by a parallelogram linkage, each lever mechanism causes the gripping jaws to move closer together or to move apart from each other in a uniform and controlled manner.
  • the hoisting apparatus may be part of an anode stacking crane for putting anodes in or out of storage and/or a furnace tending assembly for handling the anodes in the baking furnace.
  • the straight levers of each lever mechanism are pivotably connected to the respective lever arms of said angle levers in such a way, that a first angle between the first straight lever and the first lever arm of said angle lever and a second angle between the second straight lever and the second lever arm of said angle lever each increase upon moving the upper frame apart from the lower frame and each decrease upon moving the upper frame closer to the lower frame in the lifting direction respectively. Consequently, the clamping force amount provided by the second straight lever in conjunction with the second lever arm of the respective lever mechanism is behaving contrary to the clamping force amount provided by the first straight lever and the first lever arm of the respective lever mechanism.
  • clamping force amounts can advantageously compensate each other, if the first angle and the second angle preferably increase or decrease in a similar amount upon moving the upper frame against the lower frame. This can ensure a nearly constant clamping force over the full stroke of the clamping jaws.
  • a first lever-length of the first lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the first straight lever is different from a second lever-length of the second lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the second straight lever, whereas the first lever-length is preferably smaller than the second lever-length.
  • each parallelogram linkage contains linking members arranged in parallel, each running between a first shaft on the lower frame and second shaft on the respective gripping jaw, pivotably connecting the respective linking member thereto, thus allowing each clamping jaw to uniformly move into the gripping direction.
  • the first straight lever of the respective lever mechanism is pivotably connected to the second shaft on the respective gripping jaw or to any of the linking members of the respective parallelogram linkage. This allows an easy and flexible connection between both to set or ensure a certain constant clamping force as described.
  • the upper frame can be immovably connected to the lower frame in a locked state preventing the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction.
  • the hoisting apparatus can be locked, e.g., in case the load is released and the gripping jaws should be lifted without grabbing the anode.
  • any other locking mechanism can be used that is able to prevent the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction.
  • At least one of the parallelogram linkages, the first straight levers, the second straight levers, the lower frame, the upper frame or the gripping jaws are composed or arranged in pairs.
  • the mechanical construction can be strengthened, by using pairs of levers or crossbars, as a distortion or twisting of said elements can be prevented.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hoisting apparatus 1 having a substantially horizontal aligned lower frame 2 or yoke containing movable clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws 3, 4, on each side and an upper frame 5 that can be moved relative to the lower frame 2.
  • the upper frame 5 is connected to a lifting means, e.g., a motor (not shown), suitable to lift a load 6 that is grabbed using the gripping jaws 3, 4.
  • the upper frame 5 can be connected to the lifting means by wire ropes or rope sheaves.
  • the frames 2, 5 each consists of u-shaped crossbars arranged in parallel or in pairs (s. Fig. 6 ).
  • the load 6 is an anode (or a plurality of anodes) as used in a furnace for producing aluminum.
  • the hoisting apparatus 1 may be part of an anode stacking crane to put or pick new or baked anodes into or out of a storage, or a furnace tending assembly, which handles the anodes in the area of the baking furnace, where the anodes get their properties required for the subsequent electrolysis process.
  • each gripping jaw 3, 4 is each connected to the lower frame 2 by means of a parallelogram linkage 7, 8.
  • Each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 contains linking members 12 running between first shafts 10 on the lower frame 2 and second shafts 11 on a horizontal arm 3a, 4a of the gripping jaws 3, 4.
  • the parallelogram linkages 7, 8 ensure that the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be solely moved essentially in a gripping direction D1 (horizontal direction).
  • each gripping jaw 3, 4 is connected to the lower frame 2 by two parallelogram linkages 7, 8 that are arranged in parallel or in pairs.
  • each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or each gripping jaw 3, 4 is connected to the upper frame 5 by an additional lever mechanism 9a, 9b. If the upper frame 5 is moved against the lower frame 2 in a lifting direction D2 (vertical direction) the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b transfer this movement into both parallelogram linkages 7, 8 or gripping jaws 3, 4. As both lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are designed identical, each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or gripping jaw 3, 4 is affected in the same way, thus, moving both clamping jaws 3, 4 in a uniform manner when moving the upper frame 5 up or down against the lower frame 2.
  • the clamping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved closer together and upon lowering the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2, the clamping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved apart from each other.
  • clamping force F is acting on the load 6, whereas said clamping force F is, in particular, dependent on the weight of all the elements carried by the upper frame 5, namely the load 6 as well as the parallelogram linkages 7, 8, the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b and the lower frame 2.
  • the clamping force F is further affected by the special construction of the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b, as described hereinafter.
  • lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are not arranged in pairs in the shown embodiment, as can be seen in the perspective view of Fig. 3 .
  • Each lever mechanism 9a, 9b is positioned between the respective pair of parallelogram linkages 7, 8, whereas each lever mechanism 9a, 9b contains a pair of first straight levers 13, an angle lever 14 having first and second lever arms 14a, 14b, and a pair of second straight levers 15.
  • the first straight levers 13 are pivotably connected to the respective parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or the respective gripping jaws 3, 4, e.g., to one of the second shafts 11 connecting the respective pair of linking members 12 to the respective horizontal arms 3a, 4a of the gripping jaws 3, 4.
  • the other ends of the first straight levers 13 are each pivotably connected to said first lever arm 14a of the respective angle lever 14 by a third shaft 16. Further, said angle lever 14 is pivotably connected to the lower frame 2 at a pivot point 17.
  • said second lever arm 14b of the angle lever 14 is extending to said pair of second straight levers 15 of the respective lever mechanism 9a, 9b, whereas a fourth shaft 18 pivotably connects the second lever arm 14b to the pair of second straight levers 15 at one end. At the other end said pair of second straight levers 15 are pivotable connected to the upper frame 2 by a fifth shaft 19.
  • a second angle ⁇ between the pair of second straight levers 15 and the second lever arm 14b of said angle lever 14 becomes larger (s. Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 ). Consequently, the moment acting around pivot point 17 of the angle lever 14 is reduced, thus, the clamping force amount provided by the pair of second straight levers 15 in conjunction with the second lever arm 14b is also reduced. Further, when lifting the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2 to move the clamping jaws 3, 4 closer together, a first angle ⁇ between the pair of first straight levers 13 and the first lever arm 14a of said angle lever 14 also becomes larger. As the first angle ⁇ increases the clamping force amount provided by the pair of first straight levers 13 in conjunction with the first lever arm 14a also increases.
  • the three levers 13, 14 and 15 of the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are arranged in such a way, that the first angle ⁇ and the second angle ⁇ increase in a similar amount, when the upper frame 5 is lifted against the lower frame 2 to move the clamping jaws 3, 4 closer together.
  • the reduced clamping force amount provided by the pair of second straight levers 15 and the second lever arm 14b is equally compensated by the increased clamping force amount provided by the first straight levers 13 and the first lever arm 14a.
  • This ensures a nearly constant clamping force F over the full stroke of the clamping jaws 3, 4, whereas this clamping force can be set by the ratio between the first lever-length L1 of the first lever arm 14a and a second lever-length L2 of the second lever arm 14b.
  • the lifting of the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2 can be locked by mechanical connecting means (not shown), e.g., hooks fitted to the upper frame 5 that grabs shafts fitted to the lower frame 2, or any other locking mechanisms that prevent the clamping jaws 3, 4 to move together.
  • the mechanical connecting means are arranged to inhibit a movement of the two frames 5, 2 against each other in the lifting direction D2, whereas this movement is permitted in an unlocked state.
  • the clamping jaws 3, 4 are not moving closer together, when the upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, the load 6 is not grabbed and will not be lifted, e.g., in a load-releasing position.
  • the clamping jaws 3, 4 are moving closer together when the upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, the load 6 is grabbed with a certain clamping force F as described above and will be lifted.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
EP21181710.1A 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Hebevorrichtung Pending EP4108620A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21181710.1A EP4108620A1 (de) 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Hebevorrichtung

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21181710.1A EP4108620A1 (de) 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Hebevorrichtung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4108620A1 true EP4108620A1 (de) 2022-12-28

Family

ID=76623930

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21181710.1A Pending EP4108620A1 (de) 2021-06-25 2021-06-25 Hebevorrichtung

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4108620A1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116516837A (zh) * 2023-05-04 2023-08-01 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 一种预制装配式箱梁铺设装置及铺设方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB275055A (en) * 1926-11-15 1927-08-04 Franz Gerdes Improvements in and relating to automatic crane grabs
DE869552C (de) * 1950-08-04 1953-03-05 Karl Dipl-Ing Kuba Selbsttaetige Verriegelungsvorrichtung fuer Einseilgreifzangen od. dgl.
GB696720A (en) * 1951-07-17 1953-09-09 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Improvements in grabs
US3719300A (en) 1970-01-20 1973-03-06 Nl Kraanbouw Mij Nv Hoisting apparatus, more particularly for use in a furnace
US4133570A (en) 1977-07-22 1979-01-09 B. V. Nederlandse Kraanbouw Maatschappij Nkm Hoisting apparatus having improved clamping means
US4326937A (en) 1980-09-16 1982-04-27 Par Systems Corp. Grab mechanism
WO2004079046A2 (fr) 2003-02-28 2004-09-16 E.C.L Pince de manutention d'une machine de service de cellules d'electrolyse pour la production d'aluminium

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB275055A (en) * 1926-11-15 1927-08-04 Franz Gerdes Improvements in and relating to automatic crane grabs
DE869552C (de) * 1950-08-04 1953-03-05 Karl Dipl-Ing Kuba Selbsttaetige Verriegelungsvorrichtung fuer Einseilgreifzangen od. dgl.
GB696720A (en) * 1951-07-17 1953-09-09 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Improvements in grabs
US3719300A (en) 1970-01-20 1973-03-06 Nl Kraanbouw Mij Nv Hoisting apparatus, more particularly for use in a furnace
US4133570A (en) 1977-07-22 1979-01-09 B. V. Nederlandse Kraanbouw Maatschappij Nkm Hoisting apparatus having improved clamping means
US4326937A (en) 1980-09-16 1982-04-27 Par Systems Corp. Grab mechanism
WO2004079046A2 (fr) 2003-02-28 2004-09-16 E.C.L Pince de manutention d'une machine de service de cellules d'electrolyse pour la production d'aluminium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116516837A (zh) * 2023-05-04 2023-08-01 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 一种预制装配式箱梁铺设装置及铺设方法
CN116516837B (zh) * 2023-05-04 2024-05-03 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 一种预制装配式箱梁铺设装置及铺设方法

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