EP4108620A1 - Hoisting apparatus - Google Patents
Hoisting apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP4108620A1 EP4108620A1 EP21181710.1A EP21181710A EP4108620A1 EP 4108620 A1 EP4108620 A1 EP 4108620A1 EP 21181710 A EP21181710 A EP 21181710A EP 4108620 A1 EP4108620 A1 EP 4108620A1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- lever
- angle
- straight
- lower frame
- gripping
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C1/00—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles
- B66C1/10—Load-engaging elements or devices attached to lifting or lowering gear of cranes or adapted for connection therewith for transmitting lifting forces to articles or groups of articles by mechanical means
- B66C1/42—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles
- B66C1/422—Gripping members engaging only the external or internal surfaces of the articles actuated by lifting force
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus for hoisting a load, in particular anodes or anode blocks as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, according to the preamble of claim 1.
- anodes In an aluminum factory a very important part of the production process are the anodes. Anodes are used in the electrolysis processes, whereas they are being used up in this process. Thus, for each ton of aluminum approx.. 500 kg of anode material is being consumed. Generally, these anodes are made from carbon and pitch. When they are produced in a first step, they are transported by conveyors to a storage area, where they are handled by anode stacking cranes, putting the anodes in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage by the anode stacking crane, taken to a conveying system that transports them to the baking furnace where they are handled by a different crane, the furnace tending assembly.
- the anodes are baked in the furnace, where they get their required properties, taken from the furnace and placed on a conveyor system that takes them again to a storage where they are taken again by an anode stacking crane and placed in storage.
- the anodes are taken out of storage and placed on a conveyor that takes them to a rodding shop where a rod is attached and they can be used in the electrolysis process.
- Both, the anode stacking crane and the furnace tending assembly have either mechanically (e.g., by gravity) or hydraulically operated clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws, described exemplary in US 4,326,937 A , US 3,719,300 A , WO 2004/079046 A2 , and US 4,133,570 A .
- mechanical operated gripping jaws according to e.g., US 4,133,570 A
- the clamping force to the anode is provided by a lever mechanism using the weight of the parts of the gripping mechanism and the anode to create enough clamping force so that the anode stays grabbed and can get lifted.
- a hoisting apparatus which allows a hoisting of a load, in particular an anode as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, in a flexible and secure way.
- the clamping force to the anode is provided by lever mechanisms that are assigned to each of both clamping jaws, whereas each lever mechanism is preferably constructed identical and contains
- each lever mechanism allows a load to be grabbed by the clamping jaws with a nearly constant clamping force, nearly independent of the size or the dimension of the load, as these lever mechanisms are able to provide a certain clamping force to the load, e.g., the anodes, that does not vary over the stroke of the clamping jaws.
- each lever mechanism when moving an upper frame of the hoisting apparatus relative to a lower frame, that contains the gripping jaws, each movably connected to the lower frame by a parallelogram linkage, each lever mechanism causes the gripping jaws to move closer together or to move apart from each other in a uniform and controlled manner.
- the hoisting apparatus may be part of an anode stacking crane for putting anodes in or out of storage and/or a furnace tending assembly for handling the anodes in the baking furnace.
- the straight levers of each lever mechanism are pivotably connected to the respective lever arms of said angle levers in such a way, that a first angle between the first straight lever and the first lever arm of said angle lever and a second angle between the second straight lever and the second lever arm of said angle lever each increase upon moving the upper frame apart from the lower frame and each decrease upon moving the upper frame closer to the lower frame in the lifting direction respectively. Consequently, the clamping force amount provided by the second straight lever in conjunction with the second lever arm of the respective lever mechanism is behaving contrary to the clamping force amount provided by the first straight lever and the first lever arm of the respective lever mechanism.
- clamping force amounts can advantageously compensate each other, if the first angle and the second angle preferably increase or decrease in a similar amount upon moving the upper frame against the lower frame. This can ensure a nearly constant clamping force over the full stroke of the clamping jaws.
- a first lever-length of the first lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the first straight lever is different from a second lever-length of the second lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the second straight lever, whereas the first lever-length is preferably smaller than the second lever-length.
- each parallelogram linkage contains linking members arranged in parallel, each running between a first shaft on the lower frame and second shaft on the respective gripping jaw, pivotably connecting the respective linking member thereto, thus allowing each clamping jaw to uniformly move into the gripping direction.
- the first straight lever of the respective lever mechanism is pivotably connected to the second shaft on the respective gripping jaw or to any of the linking members of the respective parallelogram linkage. This allows an easy and flexible connection between both to set or ensure a certain constant clamping force as described.
- the upper frame can be immovably connected to the lower frame in a locked state preventing the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction.
- the hoisting apparatus can be locked, e.g., in case the load is released and the gripping jaws should be lifted without grabbing the anode.
- any other locking mechanism can be used that is able to prevent the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction.
- At least one of the parallelogram linkages, the first straight levers, the second straight levers, the lower frame, the upper frame or the gripping jaws are composed or arranged in pairs.
- the mechanical construction can be strengthened, by using pairs of levers or crossbars, as a distortion or twisting of said elements can be prevented.
- Fig. 1 shows a hoisting apparatus 1 having a substantially horizontal aligned lower frame 2 or yoke containing movable clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws 3, 4, on each side and an upper frame 5 that can be moved relative to the lower frame 2.
- the upper frame 5 is connected to a lifting means, e.g., a motor (not shown), suitable to lift a load 6 that is grabbed using the gripping jaws 3, 4.
- the upper frame 5 can be connected to the lifting means by wire ropes or rope sheaves.
- the frames 2, 5 each consists of u-shaped crossbars arranged in parallel or in pairs (s. Fig. 6 ).
- the load 6 is an anode (or a plurality of anodes) as used in a furnace for producing aluminum.
- the hoisting apparatus 1 may be part of an anode stacking crane to put or pick new or baked anodes into or out of a storage, or a furnace tending assembly, which handles the anodes in the area of the baking furnace, where the anodes get their properties required for the subsequent electrolysis process.
- each gripping jaw 3, 4 is each connected to the lower frame 2 by means of a parallelogram linkage 7, 8.
- Each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 contains linking members 12 running between first shafts 10 on the lower frame 2 and second shafts 11 on a horizontal arm 3a, 4a of the gripping jaws 3, 4.
- the parallelogram linkages 7, 8 ensure that the gripping jaws 3, 4 can be solely moved essentially in a gripping direction D1 (horizontal direction).
- each gripping jaw 3, 4 is connected to the lower frame 2 by two parallelogram linkages 7, 8 that are arranged in parallel or in pairs.
- each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or each gripping jaw 3, 4 is connected to the upper frame 5 by an additional lever mechanism 9a, 9b. If the upper frame 5 is moved against the lower frame 2 in a lifting direction D2 (vertical direction) the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b transfer this movement into both parallelogram linkages 7, 8 or gripping jaws 3, 4. As both lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are designed identical, each parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or gripping jaw 3, 4 is affected in the same way, thus, moving both clamping jaws 3, 4 in a uniform manner when moving the upper frame 5 up or down against the lower frame 2.
- the clamping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved closer together and upon lowering the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2, the clamping jaws 3, 4 are uniformly moved apart from each other.
- clamping force F is acting on the load 6, whereas said clamping force F is, in particular, dependent on the weight of all the elements carried by the upper frame 5, namely the load 6 as well as the parallelogram linkages 7, 8, the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b and the lower frame 2.
- the clamping force F is further affected by the special construction of the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b, as described hereinafter.
- lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are not arranged in pairs in the shown embodiment, as can be seen in the perspective view of Fig. 3 .
- Each lever mechanism 9a, 9b is positioned between the respective pair of parallelogram linkages 7, 8, whereas each lever mechanism 9a, 9b contains a pair of first straight levers 13, an angle lever 14 having first and second lever arms 14a, 14b, and a pair of second straight levers 15.
- the first straight levers 13 are pivotably connected to the respective parallelogram linkage 7, 8 or the respective gripping jaws 3, 4, e.g., to one of the second shafts 11 connecting the respective pair of linking members 12 to the respective horizontal arms 3a, 4a of the gripping jaws 3, 4.
- the other ends of the first straight levers 13 are each pivotably connected to said first lever arm 14a of the respective angle lever 14 by a third shaft 16. Further, said angle lever 14 is pivotably connected to the lower frame 2 at a pivot point 17.
- said second lever arm 14b of the angle lever 14 is extending to said pair of second straight levers 15 of the respective lever mechanism 9a, 9b, whereas a fourth shaft 18 pivotably connects the second lever arm 14b to the pair of second straight levers 15 at one end. At the other end said pair of second straight levers 15 are pivotable connected to the upper frame 2 by a fifth shaft 19.
- a second angle ⁇ between the pair of second straight levers 15 and the second lever arm 14b of said angle lever 14 becomes larger (s. Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 , Fig. 5 ). Consequently, the moment acting around pivot point 17 of the angle lever 14 is reduced, thus, the clamping force amount provided by the pair of second straight levers 15 in conjunction with the second lever arm 14b is also reduced. Further, when lifting the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2 to move the clamping jaws 3, 4 closer together, a first angle ⁇ between the pair of first straight levers 13 and the first lever arm 14a of said angle lever 14 also becomes larger. As the first angle ⁇ increases the clamping force amount provided by the pair of first straight levers 13 in conjunction with the first lever arm 14a also increases.
- the three levers 13, 14 and 15 of the lever mechanisms 9a, 9b are arranged in such a way, that the first angle ⁇ and the second angle ⁇ increase in a similar amount, when the upper frame 5 is lifted against the lower frame 2 to move the clamping jaws 3, 4 closer together.
- the reduced clamping force amount provided by the pair of second straight levers 15 and the second lever arm 14b is equally compensated by the increased clamping force amount provided by the first straight levers 13 and the first lever arm 14a.
- This ensures a nearly constant clamping force F over the full stroke of the clamping jaws 3, 4, whereas this clamping force can be set by the ratio between the first lever-length L1 of the first lever arm 14a and a second lever-length L2 of the second lever arm 14b.
- the lifting of the upper frame 5 against the lower frame 2 can be locked by mechanical connecting means (not shown), e.g., hooks fitted to the upper frame 5 that grabs shafts fitted to the lower frame 2, or any other locking mechanisms that prevent the clamping jaws 3, 4 to move together.
- the mechanical connecting means are arranged to inhibit a movement of the two frames 5, 2 against each other in the lifting direction D2, whereas this movement is permitted in an unlocked state.
- the clamping jaws 3, 4 are not moving closer together, when the upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, the load 6 is not grabbed and will not be lifted, e.g., in a load-releasing position.
- the clamping jaws 3, 4 are moving closer together when the upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, the load 6 is grabbed with a certain clamping force F as described above and will be lifted.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- The present invention relates to a hoisting apparatus for hoisting a load, in particular anodes or anode blocks as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, according to the preamble of
claim 1. - In an aluminum factory a very important part of the production process are the anodes. Anodes are used in the electrolysis processes, whereas they are being used up in this process. Thus, for each ton of aluminum approx.. 500 kg of anode material is being consumed. Generally, these anodes are made from carbon and pitch. When they are produced in a first step, they are transported by conveyors to a storage area, where they are handled by anode stacking cranes, putting the anodes in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage by the anode stacking crane, taken to a conveying system that transports them to the baking furnace where they are handled by a different crane, the furnace tending assembly. Subsequently, the anodes are baked in the furnace, where they get their required properties, taken from the furnace and placed on a conveyor system that takes them again to a storage where they are taken again by an anode stacking crane and placed in storage. Next, the anodes are taken out of storage and placed on a conveyor that takes them to a rodding shop where a rod is attached and they can be used in the electrolysis process.
- Both, the anode stacking crane and the furnace tending assembly have either mechanically (e.g., by gravity) or hydraulically operated clamping members, e.g., gripping jaws, described exemplary in
US 4,326,937 A ,US 3,719,300 A ,WO 2004/079046 A2 , andUS 4,133,570 A . In case of mechanical operated gripping jaws, according to e.g.,US 4,133,570 A , on both types of cranes, the clamping force to the anode is provided by a lever mechanism using the weight of the parts of the gripping mechanism and the anode to create enough clamping force so that the anode stays grabbed and can get lifted. - All conventional gravity-based mechanisms have the drawback, that the clamping force varies over the full stroke of the gripping jaws, due to the construction of the conventional lever mechanisms. The clamping force is highest at the maximum distance of the gripping jaws and reduces as the distance between the gripping jaws gets smaller. This clamping force reduction or variation therefore limits the different sizes of the anodes that can be handled by the gripping jaws, as a minimum clamping force is required to be able to lift the anodes. This is an issue as aluminum smelters tend to increase their anode dimensions with each new extension of the factory, while the existing part of the factory keeps using anodes with smaller dimensions requiring the anode stacking cranes and the furnace tending assemblies to handle different types of anodes with different dimensions.
- Accordingly, it is the object of the present invention to provide a hoisting apparatus, which allows a hoisting of a load, in particular an anode as used in a furnace for the production of aluminum, in a flexible and secure way.
- This object is achieved by a hoisting apparatus according to the features of
claim 1. Preferred embodiments are referred to in the subclaims. - Thus, according to the invention, the clamping force to the anode is provided by lever mechanisms that are assigned to each of both clamping jaws, whereas each lever mechanism is preferably constructed identical and contains
- an angle lever having two lever arms originating from a pivot point of said angle lever into different directions, whereas the angle lever is pivotably connected to the lower frame at a fixed or set pivot point to be able to rotate the angle lever upon application of a force to the angle lever,
- a first straight lever running between and pivotably connected to the assigned clamping jaw and to a first lever arm of said angle lever, and
- a second straight lever running between and pivotably connected to the upper frame and to a second lever arm of said angle lever.
- This construction of the lever mechanisms allows a load to be grabbed by the clamping jaws with a nearly constant clamping force, nearly independent of the size or the dimension of the load, as these lever mechanisms are able to provide a certain clamping force to the load, e.g., the anodes, that does not vary over the stroke of the clamping jaws. Thus, when moving an upper frame of the hoisting apparatus relative to a lower frame, that contains the gripping jaws, each movably connected to the lower frame by a parallelogram linkage, each lever mechanism causes the gripping jaws to move closer together or to move apart from each other in a uniform and controlled manner. As such, the hoisting apparatus may be part of an anode stacking crane for putting anodes in or out of storage and/or a furnace tending assembly for handling the anodes in the baking furnace.
- According to a further aspect of the invention, the straight levers of each lever mechanism are pivotably connected to the respective lever arms of said angle levers in such a way, that a first angle between the first straight lever and the first lever arm of said angle lever and a second angle between the second straight lever and the second lever arm of said angle lever each increase upon moving the upper frame apart from the lower frame and each decrease upon moving the upper frame closer to the lower frame in the lifting direction respectively. Consequently, the clamping force amount provided by the second straight lever in conjunction with the second lever arm of the respective lever mechanism is behaving contrary to the clamping force amount provided by the first straight lever and the first lever arm of the respective lever mechanism. Thus, these clamping force amounts can advantageously compensate each other, if the first angle and the second angle preferably increase or decrease in a similar amount upon moving the upper frame against the lower frame. This can ensure a nearly constant clamping force over the full stroke of the clamping jaws.
- According to another aspect of the invention, a first lever-length of the first lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the first straight lever is different from a second lever-length of the second lever arm of said angle lever pivotably connected to the second straight lever, whereas the first lever-length is preferably smaller than the second lever-length. This ensures, that the clamping force amount provided by the weight of all the elements carried by the upper frame is increased, due to the principles of a mechanical lever. This can be combined with the mechanical construction of the overall lever mechanism to set a certain clamping force needed to grab the load for lifting. To enhance this effect, the first straight lever, pivotably connected to the shorter first lever arm, is also shorter than the second straight lever, pivotably connected to the longer second lever arm. Preferably, this is done in such a way that the ratio between the first lever-length of said first lever arm and the length of said first straight lever is equal to the ratio between the second lever-length of said second lever arm and the length of said second straight lever.
- According to a further aspect of the invention, each parallelogram linkage contains linking members arranged in parallel, each running between a first shaft on the lower frame and second shaft on the respective gripping jaw, pivotably connecting the respective linking member thereto, thus allowing each clamping jaw to uniformly move into the gripping direction.
- To operatively connect the gripping jaws to the upper frame by means of the lever mechanisms, the first straight lever of the respective lever mechanism is pivotably connected to the second shaft on the respective gripping jaw or to any of the linking members of the respective parallelogram linkage. This allows an easy and flexible connection between both to set or ensure a certain constant clamping force as described.
- According to a further aspect of the invention, the upper frame can be immovably connected to the lower frame in a locked state preventing the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction. Thus, the hoisting apparatus can be locked, e.g., in case the load is released and the gripping jaws should be lifted without grabbing the anode. Instead, any other locking mechanism can be used that is able to prevent the gripping jaws to move against each other in the gripping direction.
- According to another aspect of the invention, at least one of the parallelogram linkages, the first straight levers, the second straight levers, the lower frame, the upper frame or the gripping jaws are composed or arranged in pairs. Thus, the mechanical construction can be strengthened, by using pairs of levers or crossbars, as a distortion or twisting of said elements can be prevented.
- Features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent upon reading of the following detailed description along with the accompanied drawings, wherein:
- Fig. 1
- shows a hoisting apparatus in a perspective view;
- Fig. 2
- shows a side view of the hoisting apparatus according to
Fig. 1 , with gripping jaws in an open state; - Fig. 3
- shows a detailed view of the hoisting apparatus according to
Fig. 1 ; - Fig. 4
- shows a side view of the hoisting apparatus according to
Fig. 1 , with gripping jaws in a grabbed state; - Fig. 5
- shows a superimposition of
Fig. 2 andFig. 4 ; and - Fig. 6
- shows a perspective view of the hoisting apparatus, with gripping jaws in a grabbed state.
-
Fig. 1 shows a hoistingapparatus 1 having a substantially horizontal alignedlower frame 2 or yoke containing movable clamping members, e.g., grippingjaws upper frame 5 that can be moved relative to thelower frame 2. Theupper frame 5 is connected to a lifting means, e.g., a motor (not shown), suitable to lift aload 6 that is grabbed using the grippingjaws upper frame 5 can be connected to the lifting means by wire ropes or rope sheaves. In this embodiment, theframes Fig. 6 ). - Preferably, the
load 6 is an anode (or a plurality of anodes) as used in a furnace for producing aluminum. As such, the hoistingapparatus 1 may be part of an anode stacking crane to put or pick new or baked anodes into or out of a storage, or a furnace tending assembly, which handles the anodes in the area of the baking furnace, where the anodes get their properties required for the subsequent electrolysis process. - With reference to
Fig. 2 , therespective gripping jaws lower frame 2 by means of aparallelogram linkage parallelogram linkage members 12 running betweenfirst shafts 10 on thelower frame 2 andsecond shafts 11 on ahorizontal arm gripping jaws parallelogram linkages gripping jaws Fig. 3 , eachgripping jaw lower frame 2 by twoparallelogram linkages - To couple the movement of both gripping
jaws parallelogram linkage gripping jaw upper frame 5 by anadditional lever mechanism upper frame 5 is moved against thelower frame 2 in a lifting direction D2 (vertical direction) thelever mechanisms parallelogram linkages gripping jaws lever mechanisms parallelogram linkage gripping jaw jaws upper frame 5 up or down against thelower frame 2. Thus, upon raising theupper frame 5 against thelower frame 2, e.g., by actuating the lifting means, the clampingjaws upper frame 5 against thelower frame 2, the clampingjaws - If (upon raising the upper frame 5) both clamping
jaws load 6 in a grabbed state, a clamping force F is acting on theload 6, whereas said clamping force F is, in particular, dependent on the weight of all the elements carried by theupper frame 5, namely theload 6 as well as theparallelogram linkages lever mechanisms lower frame 2. According to the invention, the clamping force F is further affected by the special construction of thelever mechanisms - In contrast to the
parallelogram linkages lever mechanisms Fig. 3 . Eachlever mechanism parallelogram linkages lever mechanism straight levers 13, anangle lever 14 having first andsecond lever arms straight levers 15. - The first
straight levers 13 are pivotably connected to therespective parallelogram linkage gripping jaws second shafts 11 connecting the respective pair of linkingmembers 12 to the respectivehorizontal arms gripping jaws straight levers 13 are each pivotably connected to saidfirst lever arm 14a of therespective angle lever 14 by athird shaft 16. Further, saidangle lever 14 is pivotably connected to thelower frame 2 at apivot point 17. Starting from saidpivot point 17, saidsecond lever arm 14b of theangle lever 14 is extending to said pair of secondstraight levers 15 of therespective lever mechanism fourth shaft 18 pivotably connects thesecond lever arm 14b to the pair of secondstraight levers 15 at one end. At the other end said pair of secondstraight levers 15 are pivotable connected to theupper frame 2 by afifth shaft 19. - This mechanical construction of the
lever mechanisms parallelogram linkages gripping jaws jaws load 6 can be provided independent of a dimension A of theload 6 to be grabbed. This can be achieved as follows:
Firstly, due to the ratio between a first lever-length L1 of thefirst lever arm 14a of said angle lever 14 (distance between thepivot point 17 and the third shaft 16) and a second lever-length L2 of thesecond lever arm 14b of said angle lever 14 (distance between thepivot point 17 and the fourth shaft 18) the clamping force amount provided by the weight of all the elements carried by theupper frame 5 is increased. This is further ensured by the fact that a ratio between the first lever-length L1 of saidfirst lever arm 14a and a length of said firststraight lever 13 is equal to the ratio between the second lever-length L2 of saidsecond lever arm 14b and a length of said second straight lever 15 (L1/length of firststraight lever 13 = L2/length of second straight lever 15). - Further, when lifting the
upper frame 5 against thelower frame 2 to move the clampingjaws straight levers 15 and thesecond lever arm 14b of saidangle lever 14 becomes larger (s.Fig. 2 andFig. 4 ,Fig. 5 ). Consequently, the moment acting aroundpivot point 17 of theangle lever 14 is reduced, thus, the clamping force amount provided by the pair of secondstraight levers 15 in conjunction with thesecond lever arm 14b is also reduced. Further, when lifting theupper frame 5 against thelower frame 2 to move the clampingjaws straight levers 13 and thefirst lever arm 14a of saidangle lever 14 also becomes larger. As the first angle α increases the clamping force amount provided by the pair of firststraight levers 13 in conjunction with thefirst lever arm 14a also increases. - The three
levers lever mechanisms upper frame 5 is lifted against thelower frame 2 to move the clampingjaws straight levers 15 and thesecond lever arm 14b is equally compensated by the increased clamping force amount provided by the firststraight levers 13 and thefirst lever arm 14a. This ensures a nearly constant clamping force F over the full stroke of the clampingjaws first lever arm 14a and a second lever-length L2 of thesecond lever arm 14b. - The lifting of the
upper frame 5 against thelower frame 2 can be locked by mechanical connecting means (not shown), e.g., hooks fitted to theupper frame 5 that grabs shafts fitted to thelower frame 2, or any other locking mechanisms that prevent the clampingjaws frames jaws upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, theload 6 is not grabbed and will not be lifted, e.g., in a load-releasing position. In contrast, in the unlocked state, the clampingjaws upper frame 5 is lifted by the lifting means. Accordingly, theload 6 is grabbed with a certain clamping force F as described above and will be lifted. -
- 1
- hoisting apparatus
- 2
- lower frame
- 3, 4
- gripping jaw
- 3a, 4b
- horizontal arm of the
gripping jaw - 5
- upper frame
- 6
- load, e.g. anode
- 7, 8
- parallelogram linkage
- 9a, 9b
- lever mechanism
- 10
- first shaft
- 11
- second shaft
- 12
- linking member
- 13
- first straight lever
- 14
- angle lever
- 14a
- first lever arm of the
angle lever 14 - 14b
- second lever arm of the
angle lever 14 - 15
- second straight lever
- 16
- third shaft
- 17
- pivot point
- 18
- fourth shaft
- 19
- fifth shaft
- α
- first angle
- β
- second angle
- A
- dimension
- D1
- gripping direction
- D2
- lifting direction
- F
- clamping force
- L1
- first lever-length
- L2
- second lever-length
Claims (11)
- Hoisting apparatus (1) for gripping and lifting a load (6), e.g., an anode, comprising,- a horizontally aligned lower frame (2) containing movable gripping jaws (3, 4) at each side, each connected to the lower frame (2) by a parallelogram linkage (7, 8) to allow said clamping jaws (3, 4) to move into a gripping direction (D1), and- an upper frame (5) that can be moved relative to the lower frame (2) in an unlocked state, whereas the upper frame (5) is operatively connected to each gripping jaw (3, 4) by a lever mechanism (9a, 9b) in such a way, that a movement of the upper frame (5) against the lower frame (2) into a lifting direction (D2) causes the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move closer together or to move apart from each other to release or to grip a load (6) with a certain clamping force (F),characterized in that,
a lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is assigned to each clamping jaw (3, 4), whereas each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) contains- an angle lever (14) having two lever arms (14a, 14b) originating from a pivot point (17) of said angle lever (14) into different directions, whereas the angle lever (14) is pivotably connected to the lower frame (2) at a pivot point (17),- a first straight lever (13) running between and pivotably connected to the assigned clamping jaw (3, 4) and to a first lever arm (14a) of said angle lever (14), and- a second straight lever (15) running between and pivotably connected to the upper frame (5) and to a second lever arm (14b) of said angle lever (14). - Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the straight levers (13, 15) of each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) are pivotably connected to the respective lever arms (14a, 14b) of said angle levers (14) in such a way, that a first angle (α) between the first straight lever (13) and the first lever arm (14a) of said angle lever (14) and a second angle (β) between the second straight lever (15) and the second lever arm (14b) of said angle lever (14) each increase upon moving the upper frame (5) apart from the lower frame (2) and each decrease upon moving the upper frame (5) closer to the lower frame (2) in the lifting direction (D2) respectively.
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 2, characterized in that the first angle (α) and the second angle (β) increase in a similar amount upon moving the upper frame (5) against the lower frame (2).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the straight levers (13, 15) of each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) are pivotably connected to the respective lever arms (14a, 14b) of said angle levers (14) in such a way, that a clamping force amount provided by the second straight lever (15) in conjunction with the second lever arm (14b) of the respective lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is equally compensated by a clamping force amount provided by the first straight lever (13) and the first lever arm (14a) of the respective lever mechanism (9a, 9b) to ensure a nearly constant clamping force (F) over the full stroke of the clamping jaws (3, 4).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a first lever-length (L1) of the first lever arm (14a) of said angle lever (14) pivotably connected to the first straight lever (13) is different from a second lever-length (L2) of the second lever arm (14b) of said angle lever (14) pivotably connected to the second straight lever (15), whereas the first lever-length (L1) is preferably smaller than the second lever-length (L2).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 5, characterized in that a ratio between the first lever-length (L1) of said first lever arm (14a) and a length of said first straight lever (13) is equal to the ratio between the second lever-length (L2) of said second lever arm (14b) and a length of said second straight lever (15)..
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is constructed identical.
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that each parallelogram linkage (7, 8) contains linking members (12) arranged in parallel, each running between a first shaft (10) on the lower frame (2) and second shaft (11) on the respective gripping jaw (3, 4) pivotably connecting the respective linking member (12) thereto.
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to claim 8, characterized in that the first straight lever (13) of the respective lever mechanism (9a, 9b) is pivotably connected to the second shaft (11) on the respective gripping jaw (3, 4) or to any of the linking members (12) of the respective parallelogram linkage (7, 8).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the upper frame (5) can be immovably connected to the lower frame (2) in a locked state preventing the gripping jaws (3, 4) to move against each other in the gripping direction (D1).
- Hoisting apparatus (1) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the parallelogram linkages (7, 8), the first straight levers (13), the second straight levers (15), the lower frame (2), the upper frame (5) or the gripping jaws (3, 4) are composed or arranged in pairs.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21181710.1A EP4108620A1 (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Hoisting apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21181710.1A EP4108620A1 (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Hoisting apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP4108620A1 true EP4108620A1 (en) | 2022-12-28 |
Family
ID=76623930
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21181710.1A Pending EP4108620A1 (en) | 2021-06-25 | 2021-06-25 | Hoisting apparatus |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP4108620A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116516837A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-01 | 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 | Prefabricated box girder paving device and paving method |
Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB275055A (en) * | 1926-11-15 | 1927-08-04 | Franz Gerdes | Improvements in and relating to automatic crane grabs |
DE869552C (en) * | 1950-08-04 | 1953-03-05 | Karl Dipl-Ing Kuba | Automatic locking device for single rope grippers or the like. |
GB696720A (en) * | 1951-07-17 | 1953-09-09 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Improvements in grabs |
US3719300A (en) | 1970-01-20 | 1973-03-06 | Nl Kraanbouw Mij Nv | Hoisting apparatus, more particularly for use in a furnace |
US4133570A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1979-01-09 | B. V. Nederlandse Kraanbouw Maatschappij Nkm | Hoisting apparatus having improved clamping means |
US4326937A (en) | 1980-09-16 | 1982-04-27 | Par Systems Corp. | Grab mechanism |
WO2004079046A2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-16 | E.C.L | Handling gripper for an electrolysis cell service machine for the production of aluminium |
-
2021
- 2021-06-25 EP EP21181710.1A patent/EP4108620A1/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB275055A (en) * | 1926-11-15 | 1927-08-04 | Franz Gerdes | Improvements in and relating to automatic crane grabs |
DE869552C (en) * | 1950-08-04 | 1953-03-05 | Karl Dipl-Ing Kuba | Automatic locking device for single rope grippers or the like. |
GB696720A (en) * | 1951-07-17 | 1953-09-09 | Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab | Improvements in grabs |
US3719300A (en) | 1970-01-20 | 1973-03-06 | Nl Kraanbouw Mij Nv | Hoisting apparatus, more particularly for use in a furnace |
US4133570A (en) | 1977-07-22 | 1979-01-09 | B. V. Nederlandse Kraanbouw Maatschappij Nkm | Hoisting apparatus having improved clamping means |
US4326937A (en) | 1980-09-16 | 1982-04-27 | Par Systems Corp. | Grab mechanism |
WO2004079046A2 (en) | 2003-02-28 | 2004-09-16 | E.C.L | Handling gripper for an electrolysis cell service machine for the production of aluminium |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116516837A (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2023-08-01 | 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 | Prefabricated box girder paving device and paving method |
CN116516837B (en) * | 2023-05-04 | 2024-05-03 | 黑龙江农垦建工路桥有限公司 | Prefabricated box girder paving device and paving method |
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