EP4085182B1 - Tunnelier - Google Patents

Tunnelier Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4085182B1
EP4085182B1 EP21719108.9A EP21719108A EP4085182B1 EP 4085182 B1 EP4085182 B1 EP 4085182B1 EP 21719108 A EP21719108 A EP 21719108A EP 4085182 B1 EP4085182 B1 EP 4085182B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
distance
boring machine
tunnel boring
distance sensors
machine according
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Application number
EP21719108.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP4085182A1 (fr
EP4085182C0 (fr
Inventor
Werner Burger
Gerhard WEHRMEYER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Herrenknecht AG
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Herrenknecht AG
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Publication of EP4085182C0 publication Critical patent/EP4085182C0/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tunnel boring machine according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a tunnel boring machine is out CN 106 437 731 B known.
  • This previously known tunnel boring machine has a shield casing extending in a longitudinal direction and is equipped with a sensor unit having distance sensors. There is also a central unit with which the distance values of the distance sensors can be evaluated to determine convergences.
  • This previously known tunnel boring machine has a shield jacket extending in a longitudinal direction and a sensor unit equipped with distance sensors for detecting convergences. To carry out a continuous measuring process, the distance sensors work with a continuous spring force and are in constant contact with the surrounding mountains during advance.
  • a tunnel boring machine is known with a shield jacket extending in a longitudinal direction and with a sensor unit having a number of laser distance meters, which are attached to the inside of the shield jacket in the longitudinal direction and in the circumferential direction.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tunnel boring machine of the type mentioned, which is characterized by a reliable measurement of an annular gap existing between the shield shell and the rock.
  • the local accuracy in the position of the distance sensors is very reliably and easily ensured in terms of measurement technology and also ensures that the distance sensors are extremely accurate during the advance phases not be damaged in harsh environments.
  • the sensor unit in the tunnel boring machine has at least two, expediently more than two, hydraulic distance sensors with an extendable probe head with extension distance measurement, which are arranged in the longitudinal direction at at least one measuring distance and, in the case of more than two distance sensors, expediently also in the circumferential direction, As advance progresses, convergences in the area of the shield jacket can be determined in changing distance values and evaluated using the central unit.
  • Fig. 1 shows a sectioned side view of an exemplary embodiment of a tunnel boring machine for driving a tunnel in a mountain 103 in the area of a shield shell 106.
  • a number of feed presses 109 are attached to the shield shell 106, which act in a longitudinal direction of the shield shell 106 and are located on segments 112 during the advance of a ring structure to line a tunnel.
  • segments 112 On the front end opposite the segments 112 in the direction of advance
  • Tunnel boring machine is an in Fig. 1 Cutting wheel, not shown, is available with which a tunnel cavity can be introduced into the mountains 103.
  • the tunnel cavity created by the mining effect of the cutting wheel has a larger diameter than the diameter of the shield shell 106, so that an annular gap 115 is formed between the mountains 103 and the outside of the shield shell 106.
  • the annular gap 115 is usually at least partially filled with liquid and solid, granular components from the mining operation.
  • convergences of the mountain range 103 usually lead, as in Fig. 1 shown, to the fact that the annular gap 115 tapers in the longitudinal direction of the shield jacket 106 away from the cutting wheel in the direction of the segments 112. If the convergence is too strong and the mountain 103 comes into contact with the shield jacket 106, there is a risk that the tunnel boring machine will become jammed.
  • the exemplary embodiment has according to Fig. 1 via a sensor unit 118, which has a number of hydraulic distance sensors 121, which are arranged at a measuring distance in the longitudinal direction of the shield jacket 106 and preferably also at regular intervals along the circumference of the shield jacket 106.
  • Each distance sensor 121 has a probe 124 which extends into the annular gap 115 in the radial direction can be advanced and is set up as a distance value as part of an extension path measurement for measuring the distance between the shield jacket 106 in the area of the relevant distance sensor 121 and the mountains 103.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a cross section in the exemplary embodiment according to Fig. 1 the shield jacket 106 in the ridge area.
  • the sensor unit 118 in addition to distance sensors 121 arranged at a measuring distance in the longitudinal direction of the shield jacket 106, also has distance sensors 121 that are arranged along the circumference of the shield jacket 106.
  • the distance sensors 121 arranged along the circumference of the shield jacket 106 are positioned essentially symmetrically to a central vertical axis 203.
  • the angle of the distance sensors 121 to the central vertical axis 203 is expediently between approximately 15 degrees and approximately 45 degrees, preferably in the range of approximately 30 degrees.
  • distance sensors 121 are also arranged in the middle of the ridge area on the central vertical axis 203.
  • Fig. 3 shows a block diagram of the sensor unit 118 with the distance sensors 121, which are connected to a measurement data memory 303 for storing the distance values obtained via the distance sensors 121.
  • a timer 306 and a position transmitter 309 are also connected to measurement data memory 303.
  • Time data can be generated with the timer 306, which can be linked in the measurement data memory 303 with the distance values obtained at the relevant time.
  • position transmitter 309 position data of the shield jacket 106 can be generated, which can also be linked to the distance values obtained at certain positions of the shield jacket 106.
  • the distance values of the various distance sensors 121 are available in a time profile and in a location profile.
  • the measurement data memory 303 is connected to a central unit 312, with which the distance values with the linked time data and position data can be evaluated to the extent that convergences of the mountains 103 can be evaluated in particular as to whether certain minimum distance values between the mountains 103 and the shield shell 106 are maintained. Furthermore, the central unit 312 can be used to generate a prediction about expected convergences, especially in the area facing away from the cutting wheel and adjacent to the segments 112, based on the temporally and spatially resolved distance values, in order to ensure as far as possible that there is no risk of the tunnel boring machine becoming jammed .
  • a signal generator 315 and a display 318 are expediently connected to the central unit 312.
  • the signal generator 315 is set up to issue a warning, for example in the form of a signal tone or a visual warning signal, when critical distance values between the mountains 103 and the shield shell 106 are reached.
  • the display 318 in turn is set up to graphically display the temporal and spatial progression of the distance values recorded by the distance sensors 121 as well as predicted distance values.
  • the central unit 312 has advance data representing the trajectory of the tunnel boring machine, which can be taken into account when evaluating the convergences with regard to critical values in such a way that an annular gap 115 that decreases in a controlled manner in some areas due to cornering does not lead to false alarms.
  • Fig. 4 to Fig. 7 show accordingly in a sectioned side view Fig. 1 a further exemplary embodiment of a tunnel boring machine in the area of a shield shell 106 in different phases of advance.
  • Fig. 4 shows the arrangement accordingly Fig. 1 after completing a ring on segments 112 with a ring width B with retracted feed presses 109 and retracted probe heads 124 from here in the longitudinal direction two distance sensors 121.
  • the distance sensors 121 are arranged at a measuring distance D. Based on the order according to Fig. 4 A tunneling cycle begins, which will be completed with the construction of the next ring on segment 112.
  • Fig. 5 shows the arrangement according to Fig. 4 with fully extended feed presses 109 shortly before the shoring of segments 112.
  • the advance is interrupted, so that, as in Fig. 5 shown, the probe heads 124 of the distance sensors 121 are extended, possibly displacing pieces of rock, and rest against the mountain 103.
  • the distance values obtained at this point in time and at this position of the shield shell 106 can be fed into the measurement data memory 303.
  • Fig. 6 shows the next phase of the advance that begins after the next ring has been installed on segments 112, in which the probes 124 of the distance sensors 121 are retracted again and remain retracted until the end of this phase of the advance.
  • Fig. 7 shows accordingly Fig. 5 the feed presses 109 in the maximum extended position again with the probe heads 124 of the distance sensors 121 extended again to obtain distance values.
  • the measuring distance D between the two distance sensors 121 corresponds to the ring width B of the segments 112. This ensures that each measuring point on the mountain 103 is recorded twice, or if a number of more than two distance sensors 121 are provided, each time at a corresponding measuring distance D several times, in terms of its distance from the shield shell 106. This makes it possible to determine the convergences very precisely and also to generate reliable forecasts for the area of the shield jacket 106 at the rear in the direction of advance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
  • Earth Drilling (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Tunnelier doté d'une enveloppe de bouclier (106) s'étendant dans une direction longitudinale, avec une unité de détection (118) présentant des capteurs de distance (121) destinée à enregistrer des convergences et avec une unité centrale (312) avec laquelle les valeurs de distance des capteurs de distance (121) peuvent être évaluées pour déterminer des convergences, caractérisé en ce que l'unité de détection (118) présente au moins deux capteurs de distance hydrauliques (121) dotés d'une sonde (124) télescopique à mesure de course de sortie, avec lesquels la distance entre l'enveloppe de bouclier (106) dans la zone du capteur de distance (121) concerné et la roche (103) en place peut être détectée comme valeur de distance, en ce que les capteurs de distance (121) sont montés dans la direction longitudinale de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106) à une distance de mesure (D), la distance de mesure (D) des capteurs de distance (121) dans la direction longitudinale de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106) correspondant à la largeur annulaire (B) typique d'un cuvelage (112) et en ce que les sondes (124) peuvent être sorties lorsque l'avancement est interrompu et rentrées lorsque l'avancement est en cours.
  2. Tunnelier selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe un capteur de position (309) permettant de déterminer la position de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106), de sorte que les valeurs de distance par rapport à des positions déterminées des capteurs de distance (121) peuvent être évaluées dans la direction longitudinale.
  3. Tunnelier selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins trois capteurs de distance (121) sont présents dans la direction longitudinale de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106).
  4. Tunnelier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins deux capteurs de distance (121) sont présents le long de la périphérie de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106).
  5. Tunnelier selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que les capteurs de distance (121) disposés le long de la périphérie de l'enveloppe de bouclier (106) sont disposés symétriquement par rapport à l'axe vertical central (203).
  6. Tunnelier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe une horloge (306) permettant de déterminer les temps lors de l'enregistrement des valeurs de distance, de sorte que les valeurs de distance peuvent être évaluées à des moments déterminés.
  7. Tunnelier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un générateur de signaux (315) relié à l'unité centrale (312), avec lequel un signal d'avertissement peut être émis en cas de convergences critiques.
  8. Tunnelier selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce qu'il existe un affichage (318) relié à l'unité centrale (312), avec lequel l'évolution dans le temps et/ou en distance des valeurs de distance peut être affichée graphiquement.
EP21719108.9A 2020-04-28 2021-04-13 Tunnelier Active EP4085182B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020111585.7A DE102020111585A1 (de) 2020-04-28 2020-04-28 Tunnelbohrmaschine
PCT/EP2021/059587 WO2021219369A1 (fr) 2020-04-28 2021-04-13 Tunnelier

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4085182A1 EP4085182A1 (fr) 2022-11-09
EP4085182B1 true EP4085182B1 (fr) 2024-03-20
EP4085182C0 EP4085182C0 (fr) 2024-03-20

Family

ID=75539331

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21719108.9A Active EP4085182B1 (fr) 2020-04-28 2021-04-13 Tunnelier

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20230135570A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP4085182B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN115244270B (fr)
AU (1) AU2021263785A1 (fr)
CA (1) CA3174494A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020111585A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021219369A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117967307B (zh) * 2024-04-01 2024-06-07 枣庄矿业集团新安煤业有限公司 一种用于远程控制采煤机旋转调采的数据处理方法

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JP3498687B2 (ja) * 2000-07-13 2004-02-16 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 シールド掘進機のテールクリアランス計測装置
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CN103713335B (zh) * 2014-01-07 2015-04-22 山东大学 隧道掘进机搭载的综合超前地质探测系统
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4085182A1 (fr) 2022-11-09
US20230135570A1 (en) 2023-05-04
AU2021263785A1 (en) 2022-10-20
CN115244270A (zh) 2022-10-25
CN115244270B (zh) 2024-06-18
WO2021219369A1 (fr) 2021-11-04
CA3174494A1 (fr) 2021-11-04
DE102020111585A1 (de) 2021-10-28
EP4085182C0 (fr) 2024-03-20

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