EP4081011A1 - Procédé d'épandage de type monograine de semences conjointement avec une capsule de semences et capsule de semences - Google Patents

Procédé d'épandage de type monograine de semences conjointement avec une capsule de semences et capsule de semences

Info

Publication number
EP4081011A1
EP4081011A1 EP19835580.2A EP19835580A EP4081011A1 EP 4081011 A1 EP4081011 A1 EP 4081011A1 EP 19835580 A EP19835580 A EP 19835580A EP 4081011 A1 EP4081011 A1 EP 4081011A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
seed
grain
release
active
capsules
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP19835580.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Marian Ivanov DICHEVSKI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP4081011A1 publication Critical patent/EP4081011A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/06—Seeders combined with fertilising apparatus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/002—Apparatus for sowing fertiliser; Fertiliser drill
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C7/00—Sowing
    • A01C7/04—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices
    • A01C7/042—Single-grain seeders with or without suction devices using pneumatic means
    • A01C7/044—Pneumatic seed wheels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the single-grain application of seed by means of an agricultural sowing unit with at least one sowing element, which sowing element has a metering device and a single-grain deposit for the single-grain depositing of the seed along and / or within a seed furrow arranged in the ground, with one single grain of the seed in each case an as required selectable and / or adjustable distance to respectively adjacent individual grains of the seed is deposited along and / or within the seed furrow.
  • the so-called single-grain sowing or single-grain depositing is mainly used for industrially grown crops, such as maize, sunflowers, hemp, cotton, soy and other single-grain crops, the yield of which depends on an even plant spacing on the field and which are applied by a precision seeder.
  • the seeds are first separated (e.g. by means of mechanical or pneumatic grain separation) and each single grain is deposited "single grain by grain" with the help of control systems at a predetermined distance to the respective neighboring single grains along or within the seed furrow drawn into the ground.
  • the distance to be determined depends on the respective climatic conditions, the prevailing soil conditions, etc. and of course on the crop itself and is specified by a crop cultivation specialist. The distance to be determined in each case is usually extremely different in different countries.
  • a high seed-to-soil contact in English "seed-to-soil-contact" is decisive, which is why the seed furrow is closed again after the individual grains have been deposited, so that the individual grains in the required Are arranged bottom depth.
  • the required soil depth depends on the respective climatic conditions, the prevailing soil conditions, etc. and of course on the crop itself and is made by a crop cultivation specialist given. The three most important aspects for determining the required soil depth are firstly the moisture content of the soil, secondly the germination energy of the seeds and thirdly the precipitation forecasts for the coming days.
  • a sowing unit that can be attached to an agricultural tractor for depositing single grains is, for. B. from the company Kuhn SA under the following link: https://www.kuhn.de/internet/webde.nsf/0/C125790C0036B31 EC1257CAC002CB 85A (accessed on November 18, 2019).
  • the sowing unit shown here comprises two sowing elements which are arranged offset to one another with respect to the pulling direction and which are provided for the single-grain placement of two adjacent seed furrows.
  • each sowing element has a hose-like individual grain deposit, which is supplied with the separated seeds by a metering device not shown in the images that can be called up.
  • a similar sowing unit is disclosed, for example, in patent specification EP 2747541 B1.
  • the seed grain dispensing device (sowing unit) described herein comprises a seed grain meter which transports a single seed grain via a seed grain disk to a seed grain conveyor belt.
  • the seed conveyor belt is divided into chambers by means of a large number of screw blades, each of which is intended to receive a single grain.
  • a single grain is released from the seed disk to an upper end of the seed conveyor belt and transported to its lower end by means of the conveyor belt.
  • the lower end opens into a prepared seed furrow and the seed is deposited within this.
  • the distance between the individually deposited seeds is predetermined.
  • the patent specification EP 2996454 B1 discloses a sowing unit in which fertilizers can also be applied together with the seeds, which fertilizers supply the seeds with chemical nutrients such as nitrogen or phosphorus.
  • the disclosed sowing unit has a metering system with which different agricultural products, ie seeds, fertilizer compositions, insecticides, herbicide compositions and inoculants, are stored in separate bulk storage chambers and based, in particular, on recognized soil factor variables, are combined into a selectively metered and mixed combination via selectively controllable metering devices
  • the assembled combination of agricultural products is fed to the ground or deposited in prepared seed furrows via a multi-port opener comprising a total of three seed deposit openings.
  • Hi Bred International, Inc. or Monsanto Company known a so-called "polymer coating" of the seed, which surrounds the individual seed grain with a polymer coating and thus protects against too cold soil temperatures. From a temperature of approx. 8 ° C, the polymer coating dissolves in order to start germination of the seeds that have been sown as simultaneously as possible. Such “delayed germinating” seed cannot be supplied with the previously described devices through an initial fertilization.
  • WO 2012/074557 A1 discloses a mandrel which is “pierced” into the soil with granulated or pelleted and coated fertilizer in the immediate vicinity of the already sprouted crop for a subsequent refreshment of the fertilization.
  • the disadvantage of this method is the additional work step required for sowing, in which the fertilizer spike is laboriously pushed into the ground by hand (as is also known from commercially available fertilizer sticks) next to the plant (tomatoes or rose bushes are mentioned here as examples).
  • An implementation of the described fertilizer application on an industrial, large-scale agricultural scale is unthinkable. In any case, industrial, agricultural field cultivation is also developing away from the high use of chemical fertilizers and towards more environmentally friendly, biological solutions.
  • the disadvantage of chemical fertilizers which mainly contain nutrients for plants such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, sulfur, calcium, etc., is the high salt content, which is harmful to the germination of the seed.
  • microorganisms and / or biostimulators As a modern practice in agriculture, the addition of different (living or effective) microorganisms and / or other biostimulators to different types of crops is becoming more and more popular. Similar to the liquid fertilizer injection described above, the microorganisms and / or biostimulators have so far also been applied by means of a spray device, with the majority of the applied microorganisms and / or biostimulators remaining on the soil surface and not penetrating the soil. To the mostly not UV-resistant microorganisms and / or To protect bio-stimulators from solar radiation, further interventions are made to work them into the soil. This is associated with higher costs and not infrequently with the destruction of the expensive microorganisms and / or biostimulators.
  • the life cycle of the microorganisms and / or biostimulators varies in length, which is why the effectiveness of the application decreases after a certain period of time. This requires a recultivation of the same field area and then possibly third or more work steps, which complicates the cultivation of the soil and increases the processing costs. Depending on the crop, it is not always possible to carry out such post-processing.
  • a more environmentally friendly and more productive cultivation of the field should be made possible without significantly increasing the costs, especially in the case of seed application and / or through subsequent work steps.
  • a method according to the invention of the type described in more detail at the outset is characterized in that each individual grain of the seed is assigned an optionally selectable and / or predetermined number of seed capsules, also referred to as “intelligent” capsules (in English “smart capsules”), which are adjacent to the seed capsules the assigned single grain are placed along and / or within the seed furrow, and active and / or stimulation substances comprised by the seed capsules are released to support and / or stimulate the assigned single grain.
  • the single grain itself is not contained in the seed capsule.
  • seed capsules comprising active and / or stimulating substances directly or in the immediate vicinity of the seed and to add these active and / or stimulating substances, preferably after the individual grain has been deposited and to the placement of the seed capsules, in particular to release them with a delay.
  • the task of the active and / or stimulatory substances contained in the seed capsule, through their release, in particular a time-delayed release, is to biologically support the single grain during germination or subsequent growth, in particular to stimulate the plant's own signal substances (phytoalexins) and thus the plant's own defense to strengthen against pests, diseases or fungal attack, etc.
  • active and / or stimulatory substances conventional, chemical and / or mineral fertilizers.
  • bio-stimulators are understood as active and / or stimulating substances.
  • Biostimulators are well known to those skilled in the art of agriculture and are commercially available. For the most part, it is organic substances of animal or vegetable origin, such as.
  • B. so-called effective microorganisms (aerobic or anaerobic microorganisms), amino acids (amino acids), flumanic acids (humic acids), fulvic acids (fulvic acids), algae or seaweed extracts, beneficial fungi, e.g. B. mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria (beneficial fungi and bacteria), chitin and chitosan (chitin and chitosan) but also partly to inorganic components (inorganic compounds).
  • beneficial fungi e.g. B. mycorrhizal fungi and bacteria (beneficial fungi and bacteria), chitin and chitosan (chitin and chitosan) but also partly to inorganic components (inorganic compounds).
  • bio-stimulators are commercially available: metabolism-based fermantators (Fermentation metabolite-based “FM”), Ecklonia maxima seaweed extracts (“SE1”), plant growth regulators (“PGR”), synthetic formulas (Synthetic formula containing antioxidant properties "SF"), protein hydrolysates (protein hydrolysates "PH 1", “PFI2”) Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts (Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract "SE2", “SE3”).
  • metabolism-based fermantators Fermentation metabolite-based “FM”
  • SE1 Ecklonia maxima seaweed extracts
  • PGR plant growth regulators
  • synthetic formulas Synthetic formula containing antioxidant properties "SF”
  • protein hydrolysates protein hydrolysates "PH 1", “PFI2”
  • Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extracts Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract "SE2", “SE3”
  • active and / or stimulating substances serve the purpose of supporting the single grain and / or the plant by strengthening the plant's own defenses, whereas chemical and / or mineral fertilizers “feed” the single grain and / or the plant with nutrients required for growth.
  • the seed capsule also contains nutrients and / or mineral / chemical fertilizers in addition or as an alternative to the active and / or stimulating substances.
  • active and / or stimulating substances can be contained in one receiving volume and nutrients and / or mineral / chemical fertilizers in another receiving volume or a sheathing layer.
  • the devices known from the prior art for depositing single grains can be used unmodified or with only minor modifications in order to place a predetermined and desired number x of seed capsules within the seed furrow in addition to each deposited single grain.
  • the capsule has a shape that is suitable for spreading with such sowing units or single-grain deposits.
  • the volume and / or weight and / or external shape of the seed capsule can correspond to the shape of the associated individual grain.
  • Rounded shapes such as a sphere or an ellipsoid of revolution, roughly the size of the respectively assigned individual grain are particularly suitable.
  • the number x of the seed capsules to be assigned to a single grain can be specified on the basis of various factors. Relevant is z. B. the (variety-dependent) need for active and / or stimulating substances of the respective Individual grains in correlation with the size of the seed capsules or their possible filling quantity with active and / or stimulating substances. Furthermore, it is also conceivable to assign two, three or more seed capsules each with different active and / or stimulatory substances, in particular microorganisms and / or biostimulators, to a single grain; alternatively, different active and / or stimulatory substances, in particular microorganisms and / or biostimulators, can also be assigned. be contained in one and the same seed capsules.
  • the active and / or stimulating substances contained, in particular effective microorganisms and / or biostimulators can be applied together with the seed or the single grain, but released with a time delay, and so on Protect from weather conditions, UV exposure and / or mechanical stress during application / sowing.
  • the active and / or stimulation substances protected in the seed capsules can be placed in one work step with the same means or with the same device and at the same time as the seed.
  • the release of the active and / or stimulatory substances can be “intelligently” adapted to the prevailing needs of the single grain and / or the plant at the respective point in time, in that the active and / or stimulatory substances are released at the respective point in time with a time delay.
  • the seed capsule according to the invention is therefore also referred to as a “smart capsule”.
  • the sowing and germination process of the most varied of crop plants can advantageously be optimized and performed with maximum efficiency. From an environmental point of view, this also has a reducing effect on carbon emissions, as the soil cultivation steps are reduced and the use of chemical fertilizers, fungicides and insecticides is reduced or even eliminated entirely.
  • the seed capsule or each seed capsule has at least one receiving volume and at least one soluble and / or decomposable layer encasing the receiving volume, the encasing layer for release in particular for the delayed release of the active substances contained and / or stimulation substances are dissolved and / or decomposed.
  • the latter is designed with a receiving volume, which is advantageously located inside the seed capsules and is designed for receiving the active and / or stimulating substances or with different active and / or active substances / or stimulation substances or a single stimulation substance is filled.
  • the active and / or stimulation substances are present in the receiving volume of the seed capsule in a liquid or viscous form; however, the active and / or stimulation substances or the one stimulation substance preferably have a solid state of aggregation.
  • the receiving volume is limited or surrounded by a sheathing layer.
  • the encasing layer is designed to be detachable and / or decomposable, so that the active and / or stimulation substances contained in the receiving volume in a protected manner are released by the encasing layer being dissolved and / or decomposed.
  • the at least one encasing layer of the seed capsule is water-soluble and is dissolved by contact with the surrounding soil in order to release the active and / or stimulating substances contained in the at least one receiving volume.
  • a comparatively simple implementation of a soluble and / or decomposable coating layer can be achieved by making the coating layer water-soluble, in particular from a water-soluble material such as starch, gelatin, etc.
  • the sheathing layer dissolves and / or decomposes through contact with the surrounding soil, more precisely with the moisture content contained in the soil.
  • the dissolution and / or decomposition of the coated layer of the seed capsule if this is as good as possible has high capsule-to-soil-contact.
  • the dissolution and / or decomposition can also take place as a function of temperature factors, in particular the ambient and / or soil temperature and / or as a function of time.
  • an optionally selectable time interval for determining a release period and / or time is specified between the placement of the seed capsules along and / or within the seed furrow and the release of the active and / or stimulating substances contained in the seed capsules .
  • active and / or stimulating substances contained in the seed capsule can be particularly advantageous to release the active and / or stimulating substances contained in the seed capsule at certain germination or growth stages of the single grain or the seedling or the cultivated plant. If, for example, active and / or stimulating substances in the form of mycorrhizal fungi are contained in the seed capsules, these should only be released for the germination of the single grain, after about two weeks, when the first fine roots have formed. This release period and / or release time can in particular be predetermined or set by the disintegration time of the seed capsule, more precisely of the encasing layer.
  • a single grain usually germinates after about 10-14 days, which is why a useful first time interval for establishing a first release period and / or release time in a range between about 9-13 days, for the initial support of the germinating single grain, in particular with bacteria and / or Molasses, should be.
  • An expedient second time interval could be selected in a range of approx. 14-21 days in order to supply the roots of the single grain that has already germinated, in particular with mycorrhizal fungi, and thus to support further growth.
  • the time interval between the placement of the seed capsules and the release of the active and / or stimulating substances i.e. the disintegration time of the seed capsule, is specified via the solubility and / or the layer thickness of the encasing layer.
  • the optionally selectable time interval is preferably specified on the basis of the dissolution and / or decomposition conditions for the seed capsule, i. H. the time interval is set on the basis of the time elapsed from the placement, in particular on the basis of the layer thickness and / or on the basis of the moisture, in particular soil moisture and / or on the basis of the temperature, in particular soil temperature.
  • a number of three seed capsules could be used, for example assigned to a single grain and placed together with it.
  • the seed capsules each contain the same stimulation substance, but are designed with different disintegration times.
  • three time intervals can be specified with an interval of approx. 15 days each (e.g. 30 days, 45 days and 60 days), within which the seed capsules are successively dissolved and / or decomposed.
  • a high percentage of its vegetative cycle can be supplied in this way with useful microorganisms and / or biostimulators, the viable activity of which takes place parallel to the growth or vegetation of the crop.
  • the active and / or stimulating substances in particular microorganisms and / or biostimulators, are always released when there is a high demand due to germination and / or a growth phase, etc.
  • Optimal support of the single grain and / or the seedling or the cultivated plant with partly symbiotic microorganisms and / or biostimulators can increase their natural resistance to pests such as insects or fungal attack, which in turn saves a considerable amount of insecticides or fungicides can.
  • a seed capsule can also have at least two receiving volumes and at least two soluble and / or decomposable, in particular water-soluble, layers encasing a respective receiving volume, the encasing layers for the release, in particular for the delayed release, of the active contained and / or stimulation substances are dissolved and / or decomposed at release periods and / or release times that differ from one another, in particular through contact with the surrounding soil.
  • different receiving volumes can comprise different active and / or stimulating substances, which are released by an interval, ie successive dissolution and / or decomposition of the respective enveloping layers at different release periods and / or release times.
  • the seed capsules are placed by means of the sowing element along and / or within the seed furrow essentially at the same time as the assigned individual grain, with the seed capsules and the assigned single grain are arranged in the immediate vicinity of one another, and in particular touching one another.
  • the seed capsules are placed or deposited with a time offset in relation to the assigned single grain by means of the sowing element along and / or within the seed furrow, the seed capsules and the assigned single grain in the immediate vicinity and are arranged at a distance from one another, and which distance is specified on the basis of the time offset.
  • the sowing element has at least one first metering device for placing the seed capsules and at least one second metering device for depositing the assigned single grain, the seed capsules and the assigned single grain along and / or via a common single grain deposit placed or deposited within the seed furrow.
  • the seeding element can have a common metering device for placing the seed capsules and for depositing the assigned single grain, by means of which both the seed capsules and the seeds are separated, and the seed capsules and the assigned single grain along the single grain deposit and / or placed inside the seed furrow.
  • the object of the invention set out at the beginning is also achieved by a seed capsule, suitable for placing individual grains by means of an agricultural sowing unit with at least one sowing element, in particular according to a method described above.
  • such a seed capsule is characterized in that the seed capsule has at least one receiving volume containing one or more different active and / or stimulating substances and at least one soluble and / or decomposable layer encasing the receiving volume, the encasing layer for release, in particular for a delayed release Release, the contained active and / or stimulating substances can be dissolved and / or decomposed.
  • the seed capsule can be applied with conventional sowing units using the single-grain method, it is essential that the seed capsule has a shape that is suitable for application with such sowing units or single-grain deposits.
  • the volume and / or weight and / or external shape of the seed capsule can correspond to the shape of the associated individual grain. Rounded shapes, such as a sphere or an ellipsoid of revolution, roughly the size of the respectively assigned individual grain are particularly suitable.
  • the seed capsule can preferably also be small, in particular smaller than a single grain, with a single encasing layer and a single receiving volume, the one receiving volume also including different active and / or stimulating substances, e.g. in dry and / or solid form as powder and / or May contain granules. Such small seed capsules are particularly useful for the single grain application of smaller seeds, e.g. B. rye or wheat are suitable.
  • the seed capsule provides that it is “pressed” in the form of a pellet.
  • v. a. less sensitive (non-living) biostimulators such as fulvic acids and / or algae or seaweed extracts are used.
  • the seed capsule can also have liquid-absorbing and / or liquid-storing substances, such as water-absorbing polymers, talc or talc, bentonites, starch, etc.
  • liquid-absorbing and / or liquid-storing substances such as water-absorbing polymers, talc or talc, bentonites, starch, etc.
  • an advantageous embodiment of the seed capsule has at least two receiving volumes, each containing one or more different active and / or stimulating substances, and at least two soluble and / or decomposable layers encasing a respective receiving volume, the encasing layers and the respective receiving volumes for releasing, in particular for the time-delayed release, of the active and / or stimulating substances contained at release periods and / or deviating from one another Release times are arranged starting from the center of the seed capsule encasing each other.
  • receiving volumes and encasing layers can extend radially outward.
  • first or innermost receiving volume which is surrounded by a first encasing layer.
  • a second receiving volume can be arranged surrounding the first encasing layer, which in turn is surrounded by a second, in particular an outermost encasing layer.
  • the active and / or stimulating substances contained in the at least one intake volume have biostimulators, in particular effective microorganisms and / or amino acids and / or human acids and / or fulvic acids and / or algae or seaweed extracts and / or beneficial fungi and / or Mycorrhizal fungi and / or beneficial bacteria and / or chitin and / or inorganic components and / or molasses.
  • the pH value of the soil can be adjusted by means of the bacteria, the mycorrhizal fungi enter into a symbiosis with the roots of the seedling, humus and / or molasses can, for example, serve as a breeding ground for the bacteria and / or microorganisms and / or fungi.
  • the at least one enveloping layer is soluble and / or decomposable, in particular water-soluble, and a carbonaceous material and / or a gel structure and / or a starchy material and / or biodegradable plastics, in particular polymers and / or a gelatin-containing material.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a first exemplary embodiment of the seed capsule according to the invention with a sheathing layer and a receiving volume
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic sectional illustration of a second exemplary embodiment of the seed capsule according to the invention with two encasing layers and two receiving volumes
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a first exemplary modification of one known from the prior art
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic plan view, a second exemplary one
  • FIG. 6 a schematic perspective illustration of a third exemplary modification of one known from the prior art
  • FIG. 7 shows a schematic perspective illustration of a fourth exemplary modification of one known from the prior art
  • FIG. 1 an exemplary embodiment variant of the method according to the invention for the single-grain application of seed is illustrated with the aid of a schematic flow diagram, the following method steps being included:
  • Parameters to be specified and / or adjustable for the respective method steps are shown in FIG. 1 by means of arrows and include: x: the number of seed capsules 100 assigned to each individual grain 320, h: the first distance by which adjacent individual grains 320 are spaced from one another be deposited within and / or along the seed furrow 310, the second distance by which the seed capsules 100 to the assigned
  • Single grain 320 are placed at a distance, ti: the first time interval between the placement of the seed capsules 100 and the first release time and / or release period zi of active and / or stimulating substances 140, 2 the second time interval between the placement of the seed capsules 100 and the first release time and / or release period Z2 of active and / or stimulating substances 140.
  • the prior art discloses a number of devices for depositing seed by single grain (step B) within and / or along a seed furrow 310. In this case, the seed is first separated, and the individual grains 320 are then separated at a predeterminable distance h from one another within and / or along a seed furrow 310 filed.
  • the distance h to be maintained between the individual grains 320 is based on the so-called shenorm, which is specified by a farmer or agronomist and is set firmly on the sowing device or the sowing unit before the seed is spread.
  • the standard specifies the number of individual grains to be applied per field area, depending on the number of sowing devices or sowing units running parallel to one another in several rows, the distance to be set then results.
  • the pulling speed at which the sowing unit is pulled must also be taken into account.
  • the distance h can be automatically readjusted as a function of the pulling speed at which the sowing unit is pulled and / or via rotation or running speeds by metering devices 210.
  • a predetermined number x of seed capsules 100 is assigned to each individual grain 320 in step (A), preferably before it is deposited in the seed furrow 310.
  • the number x can be z. B. set by using further metering devices 210 and / or equipping them with single grains 320 or seed capsules 100 and can be freely selected if necessary.
  • the number x to be set can take into account different factors, including whether or how many different active and / or stimulation substances 140 are to be used and whether these are to be used at different release periods and / or release times Z2 should be released.
  • a seed capsule 100 to each individual grain 320 per stimulation substance 140 and per release period and / or release time zi, Z2, the number x of seed capsules 100 assigned to each individual grain 320 then being the total number of release periods and / or release times zi, Z2 and Active and / or stimulation substances 140 corresponds.
  • Steps (B), depositing the single grain 320 and (C), placing the seed capsule 100 can be carried out simultaneously or with a time offset from one another.
  • the seed capsules 100 are placed by a predetermined time offset after the single grain 320 has been deposited, a Corresponding correlating distance between the single grain 320 and the assigned seed capsules 100 can be set.
  • active and / or stimulating substances 140 contained in the seed capsules 100 can be used at different release periods and / or release times Z2 can be released in that corresponding time intervals ti, t2 between the placement of the seed capsules 100 and the release of the active and / or stimulation substances 140 are specified.
  • the time intervals ti, t2 are preferably set via different disintegration times of assigned seed capsules 100, in particular by defining the layer thickness of a sheathing layer 120 and / or its solubility.
  • an intermittent release according to time intervals ti, t2 that deviate from one another can also be set by a single seed capsule 100 with several enveloping layers 120, with the enveloping layers 120 for the release of active and / or stimulating substances 140 contained in between, one after the other, starting with the outermost one Allow layer 120 to dissolve and / or decompose.
  • FIGS. 2 and 3 exemplary embodiments of a seed capsule 100 according to the invention are shown schematically in a sectional view.
  • the seed capsule 100 has an essentially ellipsoidal shape with a center point 130.
  • a first or innermost receiving volume 110, 111 is provided, in which one or more active and / or stimulation substances 140 to be released are contained.
  • Active and / or stimulating substances 140 are preferably biostimulators, in particular effective microorganisms, fungi, mycorrhizal fungi or bacteria, but also other biological plant additives, such as humus or amino acids, etc., which are in liquid or viscous or preferably solid form in the receiving volume 110, 111 are included.
  • the receiving volume 110, 111 is surrounded by a first or innermost encasing layer 120, 121, preferably completely.
  • the first encasing layer 120, 121 is soluble and / or decomposable, in particular water-soluble, and dissolves, for example, through contact with the surrounding soil 300 or the moisture contained therein after a predeterminable time interval ti, t2 has elapsed.
  • the predefinable time interval ti, t2 can be set, for example, by the layer thickness and / or the solubility of the first encasing layer 120, 121.
  • the seed capsule 100 comprises a second receiving volume 110, 112, which surrounds the first encasing layer 120, 121, preferably completely, and contains one or more active and / or stimulating substances 140 to be released.
  • the active and / or stimulation substances 140 contained in the respective receiving volume 110, 111, 112 and to be released can optionally be the same stimulation substance 140 or an identical mixture of active and / or stimulation substances 140 or different active substances - and / or stimulation substances 140 or different mixtures of active and / or stimulation substances 140 act.
  • a stimulating substance 140 such as microorganisms
  • a stimulating substance 140 can be contained in the first receiving volume 110, 111 and either the same stimulating substance 140 (microorganisms and / or biostimulators) or a different one in the second receiving volume 110, 112
  • Stimulant 140 such as mycorrhizal fungi
  • the first receiving volume 110, 111 contains a mixture of active and / or stimulating substances 140, such as different microorganisms and / or biostimulators
  • the second receiving volume 110, 111 either contains the same mixture of active and / or stimulating substances 140 or a different mixture of active and / or stimulation substances 140, such as different, preferably symbiotic types of fungus, may be included.
  • the second receiving volume 110, 112 is, in turn, preferably completely surrounded by a second or outermost encasing layer 120, 122.
  • desired time intervals t 1, t 2 up to the release of the corresponding active and / or stimulation substances 140 can be set.
  • a second time interval t2 up to the release of the active and / or stimulation substances 140 contained in the second receiving volume 110, 112 can be specified.
  • the layer thickness and / or the solubility of the second encasing layer 120, 122, the second receiving volume 110, 112 and the first encasing layer 120, 121, a first time interval ti until the release of the active and / or stimulating substances 140 contained in the first receiving volume 110, 111 can be specified.
  • the inventive concept also includes modifying sowing elements 200 known from the prior art for carrying out the method according to the invention.
  • a schematic perspective illustration of a first exemplary modification of a sowing element 200 known from the prior art for carrying out the method according to the invention can therefore be seen from FIG.
  • the sowing element 200 comprises a first metering device 211, here designed as a chambered sowing disc, and a single-grain deposit 220, here designed as a sowing tube. Seed is supplied to the first metering device 211 via a seed reservoir (not shown here), a single grain 320 being received in each case by a chamber 213 of the first metering device 211.
  • the individual grains 320 received in the respective chambers 213 are successively fed to a first or upper end 221 of the individual grain deposit 220 at regular time intervals.
  • the second or lower end 222 of the single grain deposit 220 opens into a seed furrow 310 which is drawn into the soil 300.
  • the first distance h can be set by means of the pulling speed of the agricultural tractor and / or the rotational speed of the first metering device 211.
  • the device known from the prior art is modified by providing a second metering device 212, which is also designed here as a rotating sowing disc.
  • the second metering device 212 is preferably carried along by a seed capsule reservoir (not shown here) in a corresponding manner 100 seed capsules are filled.
  • the second metering device 212 is also connected to the upper end 221 of the single grain depository 220 via a connecting piece 230.
  • the first metering device 211 and the second metering device 212 are switched synchronously with each other so that exactly one seed capsule 100 and exactly one single grain 320 are fed to the first end 221 of the single grain deposit 220 at the same time and are adjacent to and touching one another via the second end 222 be deposited within the seed furrow 310.
  • the first metering device 211 and the second metering device 212 can be switched synchronously to one another with an offset with respect to the direction of rotation, so that the single grain 320 and the seed capsule 100 are fed with a corresponding temporal offset via the connecting piece 230 to the first end 221 of the single grain deposit 220.
  • a desired, second distance (not shown here) between the single grain 320 and the seed capsule 100 can be set.
  • a second metering device 212 it is also conceivable to make the first metering device 211 axially wider and to subdivide its chambers 213 axially into a first area for receiving the single grain 320 and a second area for receiving the seed capsule 100.
  • single grain 320 and seed capsule 100 can be fed with the same metering device 210 along two adjacent channels of the connecting piece 230 of the single grain depository 200, which ensures synchronous deposition and a synchronous switching of several metering devices 210 is not necessary.
  • a metering device 210 for receiving a single grain 320 or a seed capsule 100 at different radii of the metering device 210 designed as a seeding disc.
  • the single grain 320 and the one or more assigned seed capsules 100 can be fed to channel openings of the connecting piece 230 which are arranged synchronously above or below one another.
  • FIG. 5 A similar sowing element 200, also known from the prior art, for carrying out the method according to the invention is shown in FIG. 5 in a schematic plan view and corresponds in its essential structure to the previously described first exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 4.
  • the sowing element 200 comprises a single-grain deposit 220 , the second end 222 of which opens between two disks 214 rolling on the ground 300 and provided for forming the seed furrow 310.
  • Individual grains 320 as well as seed capsules 100 can be deposited or placed with a desired, set, first distance h within and along the seed furrow 310 via the single grain deposit 220.
  • the setting of the process variables or parameters x takes place as described above.
  • a third exemplary modification of a sowing element 200 known from the prior art can be seen in FIG. 6 and, in its essential structure, corresponds to the embodiments described above.
  • the single grain deposit 220 is here provided with a circumferential belt 215, which rotates chambers 213 for receiving the single grain 320 between the first end 221 and the second end 222 of the single grain deposit 220.
  • the chambers 213 can be equipped with individual grains 320 by a first metering device 211 (not shown here).
  • the revolving belt 215 moves the equipped chambers 213 to the second end 222 of the single grain deposit 220, which in turn opens into the seed furrow 310 for placing the single grains 320.
  • a chamber 213 containing a single grain 320 can additionally be equipped with one or more seed capsules 100, for example by means of a second metering device 212, also not shown here.
  • a second metering device 212 In order to place the single grain 320 and the assigned seed capsules 100 at a second distance (not shown here) from one another within the seed furrow 310, it is of course also conceivable to use the For example, chambers 213 can be alternately equipped with a single grain 320 and one or more seed capsules 100.
  • the single grain deposit 220 shown here of a sowing element 200 known from the prior art is flexible and hose-like and runs in front of a closing wheel 216.
  • a single grain 320 and an assigned seed capsule 100 can be fed to the first end 221 of the single grain deposit 220 in chronological order.
  • the single grain 320 and the assigned seed capsule 100 can be fed in at the same time, the distance I2 between the two being guaranteed by the different mass and the corresponding falling speed caused by the gravitational force.
  • a second distance I2 is also shown between the single grain 320 deposited in the seed furrow 310 and an associated seed capsule 100, which can be adjusted by the time-shifted loading of the single grain deposit 200.
  • the distance I2 should preferably not exceed a length of 5 cm and particularly preferably be in a range between 1 cm and 3 cm

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des procédés d'épandage de type monograine de semences au moyen d'un ensemble semoir agricole doté d'au moins un élément semoir (200), ledit élément semoir (200) comportant, afin d'épandre en mode monograine les semences le long et/ou à l'intérieur d'un sillon à graines (310) ménagé dans le sol (300), un dispositif de dosage (21) et un élément de réception de grain individuel (220), un grain individuel (320) des semences étant déposé dans chaque cas à une distance (II), pouvant être choisie et/ou ajustée en cas de besoin, de grains individuels (320) des semences situés dans chaque cas à proximité, le long et/ou à l'intérieur du sillon à graines (310). La présente invention vise à mettre au point un procédé amélioré d'épandage de typemonograine de semences. L'invention vise en particulier à permettre une culture plus respectueuse de l'environnement et plus efficace en termes de rendement de la surface de champ, sans augmenter sensiblement les coûts, en particulier lors de l'épandage de grains et/ou dans les étapes de travail qui suivent l'épandage. Un nombre (x) prédéfini et/ou pouvant être sélectionné, en fonction des besoins, de capsules de semences (100) est associé à chaque grain individuel (320) des semences, les capsules de semences (100) situées à proximité du grain individuel (320) associé sont placées le long et/ou à l'intérieur du sillon à graines, et les principes actifs et/ou les substances stimulantes (140) comprises dans les capsules de semences (100) sont libérées pour protéger le grain individuel (320) associé.
EP19835580.2A 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Procédé d'épandage de type monograine de semences conjointement avec une capsule de semences et capsule de semences Pending EP4081011A1 (fr)

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PCT/EP2019/086935 WO2021129924A1 (fr) 2019-12-23 2019-12-23 Procédé d'épandage de type monograine de semences conjointement avec une capsule de semences et capsule de semences

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EP4081011A1 true EP4081011A1 (fr) 2022-11-02

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DE102022110359A1 (de) 2022-04-28 2023-11-02 Horsch Leeb Application Systems Gmbh Fahrbare landwirtschaftliche Verteilmaschine und Verfahren zum Ausbringen von zumindest zwei unterschiedlichen Verteilgütern

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL1001198C1 (nl) * 1995-09-14 1997-03-20 Rijksuniversiteit Systeem voor gecontroleerde afgifte van een of meer agrochemicaliën.
US20100282142A1 (en) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-11 Agco Corporation Dispensing Disk Alignment For Metering Devices
WO2012074557A1 (fr) 2010-12-01 2012-06-07 Baker Richard L Libération, programmée dans le temps, d'engrais
CA3095400C (fr) 2011-09-27 2022-07-19 Precision Planting Llc Appareil, systemes et procedes de distribution de graines
AU2013204455B2 (en) 2012-08-20 2015-05-21 Capstan Ag Systems, Inc. System and method for spraying seeds dispensed from a planter
AP2015008895A0 (en) 2013-05-13 2015-12-31 Clean Seed Agricultural Technologies Ltd A system for variable-ratio blending of multiple agricultural products for delivery via a ported opener
US10058023B2 (en) * 2016-07-13 2018-08-28 Amvac Chemical Corporation Electronically pulsing agricultural product with seed utilizing seed transport mechanism
DE102013112229A1 (de) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-07 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Sämaschine

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WO2021129924A1 (fr) 2021-07-01

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