EP4055620A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zum konditionieren von kontaktstücken für elektroden einer vakuumschaltröhre - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zum konditionieren von kontaktstücken für elektroden einer vakuumschaltröhreInfo
- Publication number
- EP4055620A1 EP4055620A1 EP20816116.6A EP20816116A EP4055620A1 EP 4055620 A1 EP4055620 A1 EP 4055620A1 EP 20816116 A EP20816116 A EP 20816116A EP 4055620 A1 EP4055620 A1 EP 4055620A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- arc
- conditioning
- contact pieces
- magnetic
- field
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H1/0206—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches containing as major components Cu and Cr
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
- H01H1/02—Contacts characterised by the material thereof
- H01H1/0203—Contacts characterised by the material thereof specially adapted for vacuum switches
- H01H2001/0205—Conditioning of the contact material through arcing during manufacturing, e.g. vacuum-depositing of layer on contact surface
Definitions
- the invention is based on a method for conditioning contact pieces for electrodes of a vacuum interrupter by generating an arc between the contact pieces spaced along an axis, the arc being specifically moved over a changeable magnetic cross field during conditioning.
- the invention is also based on a device for conditioning contact pieces for electrodes of a vacuum interrupter by generating an arc between the contact pieces spaced along an axis, the device being a coil arrangement with at least one coil or a permanent magnet arrangement with at least one permanent magnet for generation has a variable magnetic transverse field, by means of which the Lichtbo gene can be moved in a targeted manner during conditioning.
- the quality of the surfaces of the contact pieces of the electrodes plays a decisive role in determining the dielectric strength of an electrode arrangement in a vacuum. Since technical surfaces usually have flaws or microscopic tips, these surfaces must be specially treated after the vacuum interrupters have been installed so that the desired tensile strength can be achieved. As a rule, electrical voltages are applied to the vacuum interrupters for this purpose and flashovers are deliberately provoked. The arcs that occur during these flashovers melt or evaporate the imperfections on the surfaces, which gradually increases the dielectric strength.
- Another method of conditioning electrode surfaces is to make the surface to be conditioned longer Time to treat with an electric arc (current conditioning), usually small voltages are used, since no flashover has to be generated, but the current flow begins when the contacts are closed and an arc is only established after the contacts have opened. In this case, the externally applied voltage only has to cover the voltage requirement of the arc.
- current conditioning usually small voltages are used, since no flashover has to be generated, but the current flow begins when the contacts are closed and an arc is only established after the contacts have opened. In this case, the externally applied voltage only has to cover the voltage requirement of the arc.
- the document DE 19714 655 C2 describes a method for conditioning contact pieces of electrodes of a vacuum interrupter, in which the arc is moved in a targeted manner by means of a rotating transverse field.
- This magnetic transverse field can be used to specifically control the position / movement of the arc on the surface of the contact piece to be conditioned. In this way it can be ensured that the center of gravity of the arc is a selected surface area on a specific path run over.
- the path can only be controlled with a certain degree of precision, which limits the quality of the conditioning. This limitation is particularly noticeable in the case of high-current arcs.
- the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and an apparatus for conditioning such contact pieces that overcome the stated difficulties.
- the changeable magnetic transverse field controls the position / movement of the arc on the surface of the contact piece to be conditioned. In this way it can be ensured that the arc traverses a selected surface area on a specific path.
- the contact area of the arc with the surface to be conditioned of the contact piece can be greater than the extent of the path.
- the contact area of the arc with the surface of the contact piece is larger. This ensures that the surface of the corresponding contact piece is covered / passed over by the arc as completely as possible, with the overmelting being at the same time quite uniform.
- the arc can be set so diffusely that almost complete coverage - and thus over-melting - of the contact surfaces occurs during the conditioning process.
- longitudinal field or transverse field refers to the (imaginary) axis on which the contact pieces are arranged. For many vacuum interrupters, this coincides with their longitudinal axis.
- the arc is a high-current arc with a current intensity I in the range of 2 kA ⁇ I ⁇ 100 kA.
- a high-current arc preferably has a current intensity I of a few individual kA up to a few tens of kA (kA: kiloampere).
- Such high-current arcs usually have a smaller contact area with the contact piece to be conditioned. This contact area can now be enlarged by means of the longitudinal field.
- the changeable magnetic transverse field is a rotating magnetic transverse field.
- a rotating magnetic transverse field is well known from the patent DE 19714 655 C2 mentioned at the beginning.
- the magnetic transverse field and / or the magnetic longitudinal field is generated by means of a coil arrangement with at least one coil.
- the at least one coil can be an air-core coil and / or a coil with a core.
- the rotating magnetic transverse field is a two-phase or three-phase magnetic rotating field.
- a two-phase rotating magnetic field for example, two coil ends Orders arranged so that the central axes of the two coil assemblies run ver at an angle of 90 ° to each other.
- the currents that flow in both Spulenanord voltages can be 90 ° out of phase with each other, creating the two-phase rotating magnetic field.
- the magnetic transverse field and / or the magnetic longitudinal field is generated by means of a permanent magnet arrangement with at least one permanent magnet.
- the current flow begins when the contact pieces are closed and the arc is only established after the contact pieces have been opened. This is typical of the so-called current conditioning described at the beginning.
- At least one of the contact pieces is designed as a contact disk.
- the use of contact disks in the electrodes of vacuum interrupters has proven itself.
- the device for conditioning contact pieces for electrodes of a vacuum interrupter by generating an arc between the contact pieces spaced along an axis
- the device is a coil arrangement with at least one coil or egg ne permanent magnet arrangement with at least one permanent magnet for generating a variable magnetic Has transverse field, by means of which the arc can be moved in a targeted manner during conditioning
- the device also has a coil arrangement with at least one coil or a permanent magnet arrangement with at least one permanent magnet for generating a variable magnetic longitudinal field, by means of which the arc during Conditioning can be made more diffuse in a targeted manner.
- the position / movement of the arc on the surface of the contact piece to be conditioned can be controlled in a targeted manner by means of the device. In this way it can be ensured that the arc traverses a selected surface area on a specific path. In the case of a more diffuse, i.e. wider, arc, an overlap area of the web can be set. This ensures that the surface of the corresponding contact piece is passed over as completely as possible by the arc, with the overmelting being quite uniform at the same time.
- the device is in particular a device for implementing the above-mentioned method.
- the features mentioned in connection with the embodiments of the method should also apply accordingly to the device.
- the device according to the invention further comprises a direct current source for generating the arc.
- the resulting de arc is preferably a high-current arc with a current I in the range of 2 kA ⁇ I ⁇ 100 kA.
- the direct current source is designed for a corresponding current strength (2 kA ⁇ I ⁇ 100 kA).
- FIG. 1 A device for conditioningnapstü cken for electrodes of a vacuum interrupter according to an embodiment of the invention in a cal matic representation.
- the FIGURE shows a schematic representation of a device 10 for conditioning contact pieces 12, 14
- Vacuum interrupters 20 In the example shown here, the contact pieces 12, 14 can be conditioned by means of the conditioning device 10 in completely assembled vacuum interrupters 20.
- the contact pieces 12, 14, shown here only schematically, are designed in particular as contact disks. Alternatively, it would also be conceivable for the individual contact piece 12 to be conditioned to be mounted in a corresponding vacuum chamber of the device 10.
- the vacuum interrupter 20 shown here essentially has a cylinder housing 22 made of insulating material, wel Ches extends with respect to a longitudinal axis 22 and is closed at the two corresponding ends via a metallic cover 26, 28 each.
- One of the electrodes 16 is fixedly attached to the one metallic cover 26.
- This Electrode 16 is the stationary electrode with the stationary Kon contact piece 12.
- One end of a bellows 30 is attached to the lower cover 28, the other end of which is connected to the electrode 18, which is designed as a movable electrode and which carries the movable contact piece 14.
- An approximately cylindrical shield 32 is located inside the housing 22.
- a current source 34 is electrically connected to the two electrodes 16, 18, with which direct current of both polarities can be generated (direct current source).
- the device 10 further comprises a coil arrangement configured as a coil pair.
- a coil arrangement configured as a coil pair.
- coils 36, 38 of this coil pair which run parallel to one another or their axes are aligned with one another, whereby a transverse field 40 can be generated, which according to FIG The direction of the arrow runs from the left coil 36 to the right coil 38.
- the contact material is Cu / Cr, which is present as a sintered structure.
- a direct current is applied to the electrodes 16, 18 of the vacuum interrupter 20, first with one polarity and then with the other polarity, so that the current flow in the arc 42 runs in one and the other direction - one after the other.
- the coils 36, 38 can also be assigned to the vacuum interrupter 20 in such a way that the central axes of the two coils 36, 38 extend at an angle of 90 ° to one another.
- the currents that flow in the two coils can be phase-shifted by 90 ° to one another, which creates the "two-phase" rotating magnetic field.
- Such an arrangement of the coils 36, 38 is known from DE 19714 655 C2 mentioned at the beginning a three-phase rotating field be procreated. In this case, the coils 36, 38 - deviating from the representation of the figure. (In place) are fixed.
- the coils 36, 38 of the coil pair are arranged on a base 44 rotatably mounted about the axis 24 via corresponding arms 46, 48 about the vacuum interrupter 20 rotatably.
- the base 44 is firmly built on a rotating support 50, which in turn is rotatably mounted via a pivot bearing 52 and is driven via a drive motor 54.
- a correspondingly rotating transverse field 40 can be generated not only by means of a coil arrangement with coils 36, 38 but also by means of a (not shown here) Permanent magnet arrangement can be generated with at least one permanent magnet.
- a corresponding structure is also known from DE 19714 655 C2 mentioned at the beginning.
- the device 10 has a further coil arrangement, which is also Cisco det here in the example as a coil pair.
- the coil arrangement / the coil pair has two coils 56, 58 for generating a variable magnetic longitudinal field 60, by means of which the arc 42 during conditioning can be made more diffuse, i.e. widened, in a targeted manner.
- the axes of the coils 56, 58 of this further coil arrangement are aligned with one another and with the axis 24 of the vacuum interrupter 20.
- the diffusivity of the high-current arc 42 is set for conditioning via the strength of the longitudinal field 60 generated.
- the device 10 also has current sources (not shown) for the coils 36, 38; 56, 58 and a control device (also not shown) for coordinated implementation of the conditioning.
- a control device is also referred to as a control device. This control device controls the various power sources, including the direct current source 34.
- the arc movement is controlled specifically by external magnetic fields 40 in accordance with the invention.
- Particularly suitable here are rotating magnetic fields directed radially to the desired direction of the arc (two-phase or three-phase). This method is particularly advantageous, since the converted charge (current intensity I x time) is significantly reduced during the conditioning and, as a result, the vapor deposition of ceramic insulators is also considerably reduced.
- the conditioning is in particular a so-called current conditioning.
- conditioning device 12 contact piece 14 contact piece 16 electrode (fixed)
Landscapes
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019219863.5A DE102019219863A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2019-12-17 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren von Kontaktstücken für Elektroden einer Vakuumschaltröhre |
| PCT/EP2020/082399 WO2021121831A1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-11-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum konditionieren von kontaktstücken für elektroden einer vakuumschaltröhre |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP4055620A1 true EP4055620A1 (de) | 2022-09-14 |
| EP4055620B1 EP4055620B1 (de) | 2025-04-09 |
| EP4055620C0 EP4055620C0 (de) | 2025-04-09 |
Family
ID=73642860
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP20816116.6A Active EP4055620B1 (de) | 2019-12-17 | 2020-11-17 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum konditionieren von kontaktstücken für elektroden einer vakuumschaltröhre |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP4055620B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN114930478A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019219863A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2021121831A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP4300529B1 (de) * | 2022-07-01 | 2026-01-28 | Abb Schweiz Ag | Mittelspannungs- oder hochspannungsschaltsystem mit einem magnetsystem, das ein querfeld an einen vakuumschalter anlegt |
| DE102023208333B3 (de) | 2023-08-31 | 2024-10-31 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren einer Vakuumschaltröhre |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4021628A (en) * | 1975-01-20 | 1977-05-03 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Vacuum fault current limiter |
| NL7905720A (nl) * | 1979-07-24 | 1981-01-27 | Hazemeijer Bv | Werkwijze voor het verbeteren van schakelkontakten, in het bijzonder voor vakuumschakelaars. |
| DE19714655C2 (de) * | 1997-04-09 | 2002-10-17 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Konditionieren einer Vakuumschaltkammer |
| CN1147892C (zh) * | 2001-07-18 | 2004-04-28 | 西安交通大学 | 用非均匀纵向磁场来抑制真空电弧集聚的方法 |
| DE102011002922A1 (de) * | 2011-01-20 | 2012-07-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Mehrpoliges Schaltgerät |
| CN105742095A (zh) * | 2016-05-09 | 2016-07-06 | 西安博能电力技术有限公司 | 一种真空开关管直流陡波双极性大电流冲击老炼设备及工艺 |
-
2019
- 2019-12-17 DE DE102019219863.5A patent/DE102019219863A1/de active Pending
-
2020
- 2020-11-17 EP EP20816116.6A patent/EP4055620B1/de active Active
- 2020-11-17 WO PCT/EP2020/082399 patent/WO2021121831A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2020-11-17 CN CN202080091053.2A patent/CN114930478A/zh active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP4055620B1 (de) | 2025-04-09 |
| CN114930478A (zh) | 2022-08-19 |
| WO2021121831A1 (de) | 2021-06-24 |
| DE102019219863A1 (de) | 2021-06-17 |
| EP4055620C0 (de) | 2025-04-09 |
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