EP4047269A1 - Brûleur pour un appareil chauffant et son agencement dans l'appareil chauffant - Google Patents

Brûleur pour un appareil chauffant et son agencement dans l'appareil chauffant Download PDF

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Publication number
EP4047269A1
EP4047269A1 EP22153219.5A EP22153219A EP4047269A1 EP 4047269 A1 EP4047269 A1 EP 4047269A1 EP 22153219 A EP22153219 A EP 22153219A EP 4047269 A1 EP4047269 A1 EP 4047269A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
structures
burner body
shaped
combustion chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP22153219.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frank Altendorf
Andreas Reinert
Klaus Richter
Bodo Oerder
Matthias Hopf
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vaillant GmbH
Original Assignee
Vaillant GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Vaillant GmbH filed Critical Vaillant GmbH
Publication of EP4047269A1 publication Critical patent/EP4047269A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/66—Preheating the combustion air or gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled
    • F28D7/024—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being helically coiled the conduits of only one medium being helically coiled tubes, the coils having a cylindrical configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/101—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape
    • F23D2203/1012—Flame diffusing means characterised by surface shape tubular
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2214/00—Cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11401—Flame intercepting baffles forming part of burner head
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0024—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for combustion apparatus, e.g. for boilers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner for a heater that can be operated with different fuel gases, including hydrogen and/or a fuel gas containing hydrogen, and arrangements of such a burner in a combustion chamber of the heater.
  • Hydrogen as a fuel gas or as an admixture to fuel gases is becoming more and more important, and great efforts are being made to upgrade new or existing heating devices for operation with it. It is not only a question of large systems, but also of wall-mounted units for heating water and, in general, heaters for heating buildings and/or providing hot water. Gas heaters are durable consumer goods and should be able to be adjusted or converted to different gas qualities over the course of their service life and, in the future, also from methane to hydrogen combustion.
  • Pot-shaped (usually cylindrical) burners are well known in heating appliances. Such a burner is mounted on a burner door built into a combustion chamber with a surrounding heat exchanger. A pre-mixed, combustible mixture of fuel gas and air flows through the burner door into the burner. The fuel gas flows through holes with a definable hole pattern in a (cylindrical) jacket area of the burner into the combustion chamber, where it is ignited and burns.
  • the hole pattern is designed in such a way that the outflow speed of the combustible gas-air mixture into the combustion chamber is matched to the respective flame speed (depending on the fuel gas).
  • the temperature of the burner body must never reach the ignition temperature of the combustible gas-air mixture in order to prevent backfires within the burner (flame flashback into an interior of the burner body).
  • hydrogen differs from previously used fuel gases in several respects, in particular a hydrogen flame is almost invisible to the human eye (but radiates in the ultraviolet spectral range), radiates less heat than flames produced with carbonaceous fuels, but burns hotter.
  • the present invention is also intended to make heating devices particularly suitable for switching to operation with pure hydrogen or with fuel gas that consists of more than 50%, in particular more than 97%, hydrogen.
  • the object of the present invention is to at least partially solve the problems described with reference to the prior art and in particular to create a burner and to arrange it in a combustion chamber in such a way that additional possibilities for cooling the burner body and its surroundings can be used.
  • a burner according to the independent claim serves to solve this problem.
  • Advantageous refinements and developments of the invention and a corresponding arrangement of such burners are specified in the dependent claims.
  • a burner for a heater with a burner body which has an inner surface facing an interior space and an outer surface facing a combustion space, with a large number of holes through which a fuel gas-air mixture can flow from the interior space of the burner body into the combustion space can flow, the burner body having structures for transporting heat and/or for shielding heat on the inner surface and/or the outer surface.
  • a burner body is heated from the outside mainly by radiation (and sometimes convection), while a relatively cold mixture of fuel gas and air flows inside.
  • An important aspect of the present concept is to use the fuel gas-air mixture more for cooling of the torch body than prior art torches.
  • the burner body is provided with structures that can dissipate heat.
  • the concept is also useful in outward protruding structures that may be used to achieve desired heat dissipation and/or component shielding.
  • somewhat more complex bodies are used here, which, however, can solve some of the problems described above.
  • a large number of such local structures are preferably provided on the surface of the burner body, with these possibly having an overriding pattern and/or a regular distribution.
  • the structures preferably protrude into the interior of the burner body and are designed to transport heat from the burner body to the fuel gas/air mixture flowing in the interior.
  • the heat transferred to the mixture is not lost, but enters the combustion chamber and can be used there together with the heat generated during combustion. Despite this, the burner temperature remains lower than in the prior art.
  • the structures increase an inner surface area of the burner body that is in heat-transferring contact with the fuel gas-air mixture.
  • the structures are dome-, rib-, lamellar-, fir-tree- and/or antenna-shaped. Any shape that leads to greater heat transfer to the fuel-air mixture is advantageous, so that a production-technically suitable and cost-effective solution can be chosen depending on the requirements.
  • the arrangement of the holes (hole pattern) in the burner body should then be such that the structures do not impede the outflow of the mixture, but the area around the holes is well cooled becomes. This can be achieved by embossed or molded structures or by structures attached in some other way.
  • a burner is typically attached to a burner door of a combustion chamber, which is heated by flames and their thermal radiation and convection during operation of the heater, so that heat has to be dissipated there, which is essentially lost. Structures emanating from the torch body can capture and dissipate some of this heat, reducing these losses. The same also applies to the opposite end face of the torch body, where losses to a housing can occur.
  • the structures are disk-shaped and run approximately perpendicularly to a longitudinal axis of the burner body.
  • Such panes shield areas of the housing that are not protected by heat exchanger surfaces and thus reduce the losses of the heater. This can be achieved particularly favorably in conjunction with other structures, as will be described below.
  • An arrangement of a burner as previously described also serves to solve the problem, with the dimensions and/or positioning of the burner being arranged in a combustion chamber with a heat exchanger, specifically at a specified distance from the heat exchanger and a specified burn-out height of when the fuel gas is burned -Air mixture resulting flames.
  • an arrangement is selected in which the distance and/or the burn-out height is application-oriented and/or as favorable as possible for efficient use.
  • a burner in the present concept no longer has to be dimensioned according to how its permissible maximum temperature can be maintained (it may become too large as a result), but can be built so small that there is an optimal distance in a compact heating device to a surrounding heat exchanger, which means that there is enough space for the flames that develop during combustion (sufficient burn-out height) so that they do not reach the heat exchanger, but only the resulting combustion gases give off their heat there.
  • the disk-shaped structures run parallel to other disk-shaped structures that are fastened in a heat-conducting manner to a heat exchanger arranged in the combustion chamber, with the disk-shaped structures and the other disk-shaped structures in particular overlapping at least in an overlapping area and with a gap width of 0.1 to 10 mm [millimeters] apart.
  • this creates a practically closed shield for parts of the housing behind the panes, and on the other hand, the overlapping area allows additional heat transfer between the panes (a kind of labyrinth effect). Heat is thus transferred from the warmer disc, which will generally be the one attached to the burner body, to the colder disc (which will usually be the one attached to the heat exchanger). In this way, heat can even be dissipated from the burner body to the heat exchanger.
  • the disc-shaped structures are preferably designed to shield heat from the flames around the burner body from areas of a housing surrounding the combustion chamber that are not protected by the heat exchanger. This reduces the heat losses to the outside and additional heat can be dissipated from the burner body to the heat exchanger.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic longitudinal section of a burner body 7 of a burner 5 for a heater 1, not shown in detail, which can be operated with conventional fuels, but in particular also with hydrogen or a hydrogen-containing fuel gas.
  • the burner body 7 is attached to a so-called burner door (or burner flap) 6 and protrudes into a combustion chamber 2 .
  • the burner body 7 has a length L and (if it is cylindrical as in the present embodiment) a diameter D and a longitudinal axis 9.
  • An inlet-side end face 10 and an outlet-side end face 11 carry a cylindrical shell with holes 12.
  • a fuel gas-air mixture G exits from these holes 12 from an interior space 8 of the burner body 7 into the combustion chamber 2 and is burned there with the formation of flames 13.
  • FIG. 2 also shows a schematic and longitudinal section of a burner 5, installed in a combustion chamber 2 with a surrounding heat exchanger 4, both surrounded by a housing 3.
  • Combustion gas-air mixture G flows into the interior 8 of the burner 5 (indicated by a large arrow) and arrives through the holes 12 into the combustion chamber 2 where it burns to form flames 13.
  • the resulting hot combustion gases (indicated by many small arrows) flow through the heat exchanger 4, give off a large part of the heat generated during combustion and then reach an outlet 26 as exhaust gas E.
  • Disc-like structures 21 on the outside of the torch body 7 can help here, especially if the burner body 7 is cooled by additional measures, but also independently of this, particularly in conjunction with other disc-like structures 22 that are attached to the heat exchanger 4 .
  • Such disk-like structures 21, 22 individually and particularly in combination provide shielding for the unprotected areas 25.
  • the disk-like structures 21 are attached to the outside of the torch body 7 in end-face areas 24 of the torch body 7, essentially perpendicular to the torch axis 9.
  • FIG. 3 shows a section 2 , namely the area around the overlapping area 23 of the disk-like structure 21 and the further disk-like structure 22.
  • These structures 21, 22 may, since they should also conduct heat, have a thickness of z. B. have 1 to 3 mm.
  • the overlapping area 23 has a similar effect to direct contact (the smaller the gap width S, the more similar). No radiation gets through and hardly any gas, but heat is transferred from the warmer to the colder structure 21,22.
  • cooling structures 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 in the interior 8 of the burner body 7 are shown schematically, specifically in a section through a part of the burner body 7 with holes 12 .
  • B. (between the holes 12) can be embossed and is therefore easy to manufacture.
  • Such domes or dome-like points cause a larger surface and thus heat dissipation.
  • Each type and size of rib-shaped structures 17 also has this effect, which is intensified in the case of structures 19 in the form of a fir tree or structures 20 in the form of antennas.
  • lamellar structures 18 can contribute to the cooling.
  • the present invention makes it possible to build burners for compact heaters that can be adapted to various fuel gases, in particular also to hydrogen, and to largely avoid overheating and flashbacks and to reduce heat losses to the outside.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP22153219.5A 2021-02-18 2022-01-25 Brûleur pour un appareil chauffant et son agencement dans l'appareil chauffant Pending EP4047269A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102021103841.3A DE102021103841A1 (de) 2021-02-18 2021-02-18 Brenner für ein Heizgerät und seine Anordnung im Heizgerät

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP4047269A1 true EP4047269A1 (fr) 2022-08-24

Family

ID=80035211

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP22153219.5A Pending EP4047269A1 (fr) 2021-02-18 2022-01-25 Brûleur pour un appareil chauffant et son agencement dans l'appareil chauffant

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP4047269A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102021103841A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4368885A1 (fr) * 2022-11-08 2024-05-15 Vaillant GmbH Appareil de chauffage, ensemble d'un pare-flamme et d'un brûleur et utilisation d'un joint

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1936296A1 (fr) * 2001-12-19 2008-06-25 Microgen Energy Limited Appareil de chauffage
EP3187781A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Bosch Termoteknik Isitma ve Klima Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Brûleur comprenant un orifice pour l'air et/ou le combustible ayant des auilerons et appareil de chauffage comprenant un tel brûleur
CN211503252U (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-09-15 西安交通大学 一种大调节比水冷预混燃烧高强度换热的燃气冷凝锅炉结构

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3689565D1 (de) 1985-10-05 1994-03-03 Vaillant Joh Gmbh & Co Atmosphärischer gasbrenner.
DE8604052U1 (de) 1986-02-13 1986-04-03 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid Brenner für ein gasbeheiztes Gerät

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1936296A1 (fr) * 2001-12-19 2008-06-25 Microgen Energy Limited Appareil de chauffage
EP3187781A1 (fr) * 2015-12-30 2017-07-05 Bosch Termoteknik Isitma ve Klima Sanayi Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Brûleur comprenant un orifice pour l'air et/ou le combustible ayant des auilerons et appareil de chauffage comprenant un tel brûleur
CN211503252U (zh) * 2020-01-13 2020-09-15 西安交通大学 一种大调节比水冷预混燃烧高强度换热的燃气冷凝锅炉结构

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4368885A1 (fr) * 2022-11-08 2024-05-15 Vaillant GmbH Appareil de chauffage, ensemble d'un pare-flamme et d'un brûleur et utilisation d'un joint

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Publication number Publication date
DE102021103841A1 (de) 2022-08-18

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