Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H9/0027—Operating mechanisms
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H9/0011—Voltage selector switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0005—Tap change devices
  • H01H9/0038—Tap change devices making use of vacuum switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H9/0072—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00 particular to three-phase switches
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
  • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
  • H01H2009/0094—Details of rotatable shafts which are subdivided; details of the coupling means thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to an on-load tap changer for uninterrupted load switching between different winding taps of a tap transformer.
• Known on-load tap-changers usually consist of a selector for powerless preselection of the respective winding tap of the transformer to be switched to, and a diverter switch for the actual load switching from the previous winding tap to the new, preselected winding tap. Switching takes place by mechanical actuation of various switches and contacts on the selector and diverter switch, which is initiated by a motor drive and a drive shaft. It is also known from the prior art to mount the on-load tap-changer, including the motor drive and switch cabinet, in which the motor control is located, on the transformer housing from the outside (so-called “add-on switch”).
• Document GB 1 114 868 A discloses a three-phase on-load tap-changer in a container which is attached to the side of the wall of an oil boiler of a transformer.
• the on-load tap-changer comprises a selector, which preselects the winding taps of the transformer with movable selector contacts without power, and a diverter switch with two vacuum switches, with which the actual load switching is carried out.
• the individual switching and contact elements of the selector and diverter switch are operated via a gear train.
• on-load tap-changers in operation, it may be necessary to replace the on-load tap-changer, for example due to a change in the requirements for the on-load tap-changer or after decades of operation and the associated aging of the on-load tap-changer.
• the conditions at the place of use, in particular the space requirements must be taken into account, because usually only a limited or defined space is available for the on-load tap-changer.
• the on-load tap-changer is usually first mounted on the transformer and then the transformer and the on-load tap-changer are transported to the place of use or to the end customer.
• the transport takes place, for example, on a railway wagon or in a truck, so that only a limited space for transformers including on-load tap-changers and the associated ones Motor drive with control cabinet is available.
• the object of the invention is therefore to provide an improved concept for an on-load tap-changer which can be mounted on the transformer in a space-saving manner and adaptable to the spatial conditions on site.
• the on-load tap-changer comprises an on-load tap-changer for uninterrupted switching between winding taps of a tap-changer.
• the on-load tap changer comprises at least one selector unit for powerless preselection of a selected winding tap, at least one gear transmission with a first gear and a second gear, the first gear being assigned to the selector unit and the second gear being assigned to the diverter switch unit, and a drive shaft actuated by a motor drive becomes.
• the first gearwheel and the second gearwheel are directly mechanically connected to one another in such a way that the gearwheels can be actuated at the same time.
• the drive shaft can drive either the first gear or the second gear.
• the selector unit and the diverter switch unit are actuated equally and centrally by the drive shaft. Directly, that means specifically without an intermediate link between the gears.
• a motor drive all types of motors are conceivable, for. B. DC powered motors, AC powered motors, regulated and unregulated motor systems.
• the improved concept has the advantage that due to the structural design of the on-load tap-changer and in particular of the transmission, which transmits the drive movement of the drive shaft equally to the actuating means of the selector and the diverter switch, the drive shaft and the motor drive can be arranged variably. This makes it possible to react flexibly to the limited space available when transporting the transformer to the place of use or to the spatial conditions at the place of use, for example a substation or a gas-insulated switchgear.
• the at least one selector unit, the min- At least one diverter switch unit, the at least one gear transmission and the drive shaft are arranged in a housing of the on-load tap-changer.
• the housing is preferably sealed off from the outside.
• the first gear is mounted on a first gear shaft and the second gear is non-rotatably mounted on a second gear shaft.
• the first gear wheel and the first gear wheel shaft are formed in one piece and the second gear wheel and the second gear wheel shaft are formed in one piece.
• the first gear shaft is rotatable about a first gear axis and the second gear shaft is rotatable about a second gear axis and the first and the second gear axis intersect at a defined angle.
• the first and second gear axes intersect at an angle of 90 degrees.
• the first gear and the second gear are each designed as a bevel gear.
• the basic shape of the bevel gears is designed as a truncated cone with a toothed outer surface.
• the toothing can be designed as straight and / or helical toothing.
• the first and the second bevel gears coincide at the tips of the toothing.
• the first and the second gear are designed identically.
• the drive shaft can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner either to the first gear shaft or to the second gear shaft via a coupling.
• the coupling is preferably designed as a coupling with several coupling shells.
• the drive shaft is arranged when driving the first gear on the first gear axis and / or in extension of the first gear shaft and when driving the second gear on the second gear axis and / or in extension of the second gear shaft.
• the motor drive is fastened to the housing of the on-load tap-changer by means of a gear module.
• the gear module is also designed as a sealing module and seals the interior of the housing of the on-load tap-changer from the outside.
• the on-load tap-changer further comprises a switch cabinet in which at least the control of the motor drive is arranged and which is separate, i.e. H. is designed spatially separated from the motor drive.
• the switchgear cabinet is preferably connected to the motor drive via a cable.
• the switchgear cabinet is attached to a housing of the step transformer and / or to the housing of the on-load tap-changer and / or to a suitable fastening means.
• the suitable fastening means can, for example, be a wall at the place of use of the step transformer.
• the on-load tap-changer is designed as a three-phase on-load tap-changer and comprises a selector unit, a diverter switch unit, a drive shaft and a gear drive per phase, i.e. a total of three selector units, three diverter switch units, three drive shafts and three gear drives.
• the on-load tap-changer accordingly comprises a first, a second and a third selector unit, a first, a second and a third diverter switch unit, a first, a second and a third drive shaft and a first, a second and a third gear drive.
• the first drive shaft actuates the first selector unit and the first diverter switch unit via the first gear transmission.
• the second drive shaft actuates the second selector unit and the second diverter switch unit via the second gear transmission.
• the third drive shaft actuates the third selector unit and the third diverter switch unit via the third gear transmission.
• the drive shafts are mechanically coupled to one another in such a way that the first drive shaft drives the second drive shaft via the first gear drive and the second drive shaft drives the third drive shaft via the second gear drive.
• the gear drives are designed as bevel gears.
• the second and the third drive shaft lie on a common axis.
• the first, the second and the third drive shaft lie on a common axis.
• each phase of the on-load tap-changer comprises a first gearwheel and a second gearwheel and a first gearwheel shaft and a second gearwheel shaft.
• At least one second gear shaft is arranged between two drive shafts.
• the drive shafts and the second gearwheel shafts are connected to one another in a rotationally fixed manner via at least one coupling.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic structure of a step transformer with an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap changer according to the prior art
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of the winding taps of a step transformer
• FIG. 3A shows a plan view of an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer according to the improved concept
• FIG. 3B shows a plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer according to the improved concept
• FIG. 4A shows a plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer according to the improved concept
• FIG. 4B shows a plan view of a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer according to the improved concept
• FIG. 5A shows a detailed view of the on-load tap-changer from FIGS. 3A and 4A
• FIG. 5B shows a detailed view of the on-load tap-changer from FIGS. 3B and 4B;
• FIG. 6A shows a schematic representation of a step transformer with an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap changer according to the improved concept
• FIG. 6B shows a further schematic illustration of a step transformer with an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer according to the improved concept.
• FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a step transformer 1 with an exemplary embodiment of a known on-load tap-changer 10, which is designed as an add-on switch.
• the on-load tap changer 10 has a selector 30 and a diverter switch 40 and is driven by a motor drive 70, the control of which is spatially accommodated in a switch cabinet 72.
• the on-load tap-changer 10, the motor drive 70 and the switch cabinet 72 are arranged in a housing 11.
• FIG. 2 schematically shows a control winding 2 of the step transformer 1 (see FIG. 1) with different winding taps Ni. Nj. NN.
• the winding taps Ni. Nj. NN.
• Ni, ..., Nj, ..., NN are switched on and off by the on-load tap-changer 10.
• the disconnection or connection can be implemented using any means, such as a selector 30, a diverter switch 40, etc.
• the on-load tap-changer 10 is actuated via the motor drive 70.
• FIG. 3A shows an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 according to the improved concept in plan view.
• the on-load tap-changer 10 comprises a housing 11, a selector unit 30 for powerless preselection of a selected winding tap Ni, ..., Nj, ..., N N of a control winding 2 of a tap-changer 1 (see FIG. 2), a diverter switch unit 40 with which the actual load switching from the previous winding tap Nj to the preselected winding tap Nj + i (not shown) of the regulating winding takes place, and a gear 50, which is designed as a bevel gear and which has a first bevel gear 31 and a second bevel gear 41.
• the bevel gears 31 and 41 are designed as truncated cones with a toothed outer surface and made of a metallic material, preferably steel. The teeth on the toothed outer surface are interlocked so that the bevel gears 31 and 41 are directly mechanically connected to one another, ie without an intermediate link.
• the first bevel gear 31 is assigned to the selector unit 30 and actuates it, and the second bevel gear 41 is assigned to the diverter switch unit 40 and actuates it.
• the load level Switch 10 has a drive shaft 60 which is connected at a first end 61 to the bevel gear 50 and at a second end 62 to a motor drive 70.
• the drive shaft 60 is preferably made of insulating material.
• the motor drive 70 is attached to the side of the housing 11 as an extension of the drive shaft 60 by means of a gear module 71, in particular a sealing module, which seals the interior of the housing 11 from the outside.
• the drive shaft 60 directly drives the bevel gear 41, that is to say the diverter switch unit 40. Due to the mechanical operative connection between bevel gear 31 and bevel gear 41, the rotational movement of bevel gear 41 is transmitted directly to bevel gear 31, so that selector unit 30 is actuated in the same way as diverter switch unit 40.
• FIG. 3B shows a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 according to the improved concept in plan view.
• the drive shaft 60 directly drives the bevel gear 31, that is to say the selector unit 30. Due to the mechanical operative connection between bevel gear 41 and bevel gear 31, diverter switch unit 40 is actuated in the same way as selector unit 30.
• the motor drive 70 is attached to the end of the housing 11 by means of the gear module 71 as an extension of the drive shaft 60.
• FIG. 4A shows a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 according to the improved concept in plan view.
• the on-load tap-changer 10 is constructed here as a three-phase on-load tap-changer and therefore comprises a total of three selector units 30, 81 and 91, three diverter switch units 40, 82 and 92, three drive shafts 60, 80 and 90, and three gear drives 50, 83 and 93 actuates selector unit 30 and diverter switch unit 40 via gear transmission 50, drive shaft 80 actuates selector unit 81 and diverter switch unit 82 via gear transmission 83 and drive shaft 90 actuates selector unit 91 and diverter switch unit 92 via gear transmission 93 a selector unit 30, 81, 91, a diverter switch unit 40, 82, 92, a drive shaft 60, 80, 90 and a gear transmission 50, 83, 93 divisible phases are all arranged in a housing 11.
• the drive shafts 60, 80, 90 are arranged on a common axis A and mechanically coupled to one another in such a way that the first drive shaft 60 drives the second drive shaft 80 via the gear drive 50, and the second drive shaft 80 in turn drives the third drive shaft 90 via the second gear drive 83 drives.
• the first drive shaft 60 is driven by the motor drive 70, which is arranged on the side of the housing 11 as an extension of the drive shaft 60.
• the drive shaft transmits the drive movement to the gear transmission 50.
• all three phases with the respective selector units 30, 81, 91 and the respective diverter switch units 40, 82, 92 are driven centrally via the drive shaft 60.
• FIG. 5A shows a detailed view of the on-load tap-changer 10 from FIGS. 3A and 4A, which shows the mechanical coupling between the first drive shaft 60 and the second drive shaft 80 via the bevel gear 50.
• the coupling between the second drive shaft 80 and the third drive shaft 90 is constructed identically.
• the first bevel gear 31 is arranged non-rotatably on a first gear shaft 32 and the second bevel gear 41 is arranged non-rotatably on a second gear shaft 42.
• the gear shafts 32 and 42 are preferably made of a metallic material, e.g. B. steel.
• the first gear shaft 32 is rotatable about a gear axis 33 and the second gear shaft 42 is rotatably mounted about a gear axis 43.
• the first gear axis 33 and the second gear axis 43 intersect in a plane at a defined angle ⁇ , which is preferably designed as a right angle.
• the selector unit 30 comprises a driver 34 which is connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the first gearwheel shaft 32 and actuates movable selector contacts (not shown) which the winding taps Ni,..., Nj. NN (not shown) of the control winding 2 des
• the diverter switch unit 40 comprises actuating means 44 for switching elements (not shown) with which the actual load switching from a winding tap Nj to the preselected winding tap Nj + i (not shown) of the control winding 2 (see FIG. 2) is carried out.
• the actuating means 44 are designed as cam disks 44 which are connected to the gear wheel shaft 42 in a rotationally fixed manner and, when rotated, the switching elements (not shown) are opened and closed, for example via a lever mechanism.
• the switching elements (not shown) can preferably be designed as vacuum interrupters. For example, a cam disk 44 is provided for each vacuum interrupter.
• the drive shaft 60 is arranged as an extension of the second gearwheel shaft 42 on the second gearwheel axle 43 and is non-rotatably connected to the second gearwheel shaft 42 at the first end 61 via a coupling 63.
• the motor drive 70 is arranged at the second end 62 of the drive shaft 60 and drives the drive shaft 60 via a coupling 64.
• the diverter switch unit 40 is actuated and, due to the coupling of the bevel gears 41 and 31, the selector unit 30 is actuated.
• the transmission of motion between the drive shafts 60 and 80 takes place via the coupling 63, the second gear shaft 42 and via a further coupling 84 which connects the drive shaft 80 to the second gear shaft 42 in a rotationally fixed manner.
• the clutches 62, 64 and 84 each have two coupling shells. In principle, however, any type of shaft coupling can be used.
• FIG. 4B shows a further exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 according to the improved concept in plan view.
• This on-load tap-changer 10 is also designed, for example, as a three-phase switch.
• the motor drive 70 is arranged, analogously to the embodiment shown in FIG. 3B, as an extension of the drive shaft 60 on the end face of the housing 11; H. the drive shaft 60 drives the first gear 31 directly, as will be explained in more detail below with reference to the description of FIG. 5B.
• the coupling between the second drive shaft 80 and the third drive shaft 90 is designed analogously to the arrangement shown in FIG. 5A.
• FIG. 5B shows a detailed view of the on-load tap-changer 10 from FIGS. 3B and 4B.
• the drive shaft 60 is arranged as an extension of the first gearwheel shaft 32 on the first gearwheel axle 33 and at its first end 61 is non-rotatably connected to the first gearwheel shaft 32 via the coupling 63.
• the drive shaft 60 directly drives the first gear wheel 31, which transmits the movement to the second gear wheel 41, which in turn is arranged non-rotatably on the second gear wheel shaft 42.
• the rotational movement is transmitted from the second gear wheel shaft 42 to the second drive shaft 80 via the coupling 84.
• FIG. 6A shows a schematic representation of a step transformer 1 with an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap-changer 10 according to the improved concept.
• the on-load tap-changer 10 is implemented as an add-on switch, which is accommodated in a housing 11 and is arranged on the transformer housing 3 outside the latter.
• the motor drive 70 is mounted on the side of the housing 11 of the on-load tap-changer 10.
• the associated switch cabinet 72 is attached to the transformer housing 3 and connected to the motor drive 70 via a cable 73.
• FIG. 6B shows a further schematic illustration of a step transformer 1 with an exemplary embodiment of an on-load tap changer 10 according to the improved concept.
• the motor drive 70 is mounted on the front side on the housing 11 of the on-load tap-changer 10.
• the associated switch cabinet 72 is also arranged on the front side on the housing 11 of the on-load tap-changer 10 and is connected to the motor drive 70 via a cable 73.
• the switch cabinet 72 can due to the flexible cable connection within a certain distance to the on-load tap-changer 10, for example from depends on the length of the cable and / or the drive solution, must generally be fastened anywhere where the transformer is to be used, for example on a nearby wall.
• the motor drive can be attached to the front or side of the on-load tap-changer housing.
• the switch cabinet is also variable and can be arranged separately from the motor drive and on-load tap-changer. This is advantageous, for example, when replacing an old on-load tap-changer with a new one, as the new on-load tap-changer may then only have limited space available for mounting on the transformer housing, for example that which the old on-load tap-changer previously occupied.
• the improved concept is also advantageous, for example when transporting the transformer with the on-load tap-changer.
• the on-load tap-changer with associated motor drive and control cabinet take up additional space.
• the improved concept it is possible to make the best possible use of the space available, for example on a railway wagon or in a truck, and to transport the on-load tap-changer with the transformer in a space-saving manner.
• the associated switchgear cabinet can also be transported separately and only subsequently mounted at the place of use at a suitable location (see FIGS. 6A and 6B) so that it is also possible to react flexibly to different spatial conditions during transport and at the place of use.
• cams / actuators of 40 50 gears 60 drive shaft 61 first end of 60 62 second end of 60

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• Housings And Mounting Of Transformers (AREA)
• Gear Transmission (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=72560604

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 2019
  • 2019-11-12 DE DE102019130457.1A patent/DE102019130457B3/de active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-09-17 JP JP2022524205A patent/JP2023500074A/ja active Pending
  • 2020-09-17 WO PCT/EP2020/075967 patent/WO2021094015A1/de unknown
  • 2020-09-17 CN CN202080078362.6A patent/CN114730669A/zh active Pending
  • 2020-09-17 US US17/775,317 patent/US20220406534A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-17 AU AU2020385221A patent/AU2020385221A1/en active Pending
  • 2020-09-17 EP EP20774966.4A patent/EP4042461A1/de active Pending

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