EP3982044A1 - Procédé pour maintenir ensemble des barreaux de grille adjacents, ainsi qu'un ensemble de barreaux de grille - Google Patents

Procédé pour maintenir ensemble des barreaux de grille adjacents, ainsi qu'un ensemble de barreaux de grille Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3982044A1
EP3982044A1 EP21196524.9A EP21196524A EP3982044A1 EP 3982044 A1 EP3982044 A1 EP 3982044A1 EP 21196524 A EP21196524 A EP 21196524A EP 3982044 A1 EP3982044 A1 EP 3982044A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grate
holder
grate bars
bars
grate bar
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21196524.9A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3982044B1 (fr
Inventor
Johannes Ulrich Martin
Helmut Pupp
Axel Hanenkamp
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Original Assignee
Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102020006801.4A external-priority patent/DE102020006801A1/de
Application filed by Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik filed Critical Martin GmbH fuer Umwelt und Energietechnik
Publication of EP3982044A1 publication Critical patent/EP3982044A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3982044B1 publication Critical patent/EP3982044B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H7/00—Inclined or stepped grates
    • F23H7/06—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding
    • F23H7/08—Inclined or stepped grates with movable bars disposed parallel to direction of fuel feeding reciprocating along their axes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/002—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor characterised by their grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H17/00—Details of grates
    • F23H17/08—Bearers; Frames; Spacers; Supports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H2900/00—Special features of combustion grates
    • F23H2900/17002—Detachable or removable worn-out parts

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for holding together juxtaposed grate bars which have an upper side designed as a grate, in which the grate bars are pressed against one another with a holder.
  • the invention relates to a grate bar arrangement with a grate bar with an upper side designed as a grate and a holder to hold adjacent grate bars together.
  • Grate bars are used for incinerators such as waste incinerators in particular, and a large number of grate bars form the grate coating on which the fuel is burned.
  • This covering is typically an apertured surface.
  • the openings are used to supply the air required for combustion ("primary air”).
  • the necessary movements for circulating the fuel (“stoking") take place automatically in larger grate furnaces by moving the grate.
  • the invention relates to a stair grate/gravel grate.
  • stair grate/gravel grate Such gratings have the appearance of a lay-flat staircase with a slope of typically between 0 and 30°, such as 24 or 26°.
  • the fuel is moved over the grate by the grate steps moving and thus transporting the fuel.
  • the stepped grate is also called a feed grate or a reverse feed grate (in both cases, however, the fuel moves forward).
  • Step grates are used for lumpy and ash-rich fuels that require improved stoking, e.g. B. household and commercial waste, biomass, waste wood, processed waste or today less often lignite.
  • Stepped grates have a large number of grate bars, which can be firmly connected to one another or can be moved relative to one another in order to move the material to be burned on the grate.
  • Such grate bars usually have openings for an air supply.
  • recesses are provided in the side wall of the grate bar or openings on the upper side and/or the front side of the grate bar, which make it possible to convey air conveyed to the underside of the grate bar between the grate bars or through the grate bars to the combustion bed.
  • the invention relates in particular to grate bar arrangements in which several grate bars are arranged next to one another. Adjacent grate bars form individual grate steps, which together form the grate covering. A grate step can be arranged slightly offset to another grate step. Grate bars lying next to one another in the transverse direction can be arranged such that they can be moved relative to one another or are fixedly connected.
  • the grate bars can be connected to one another using brackets. These are usually screw connections with which adjacent grate bars are pressed together.
  • This connection is designed to be detachable so that individual grate bars that have been damaged during operation can be replaced without having to replace the entire grate stage.
  • structures are provided on the grate bars on the underside of the grate bars, i.e. opposite the combustion chamber and the fuel, which make it possible to fasten adjacent grate bars to one another with a bracket.
  • the holders are arranged below the grate bars in order to be protected from the damaging effects of temperature and corrosion from the combustion of the fuel on the grate coating.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of further developing a generic method and proposing a grate bar arrangement which makes it easier to hold grate bars lying next to one another together.
  • the grate bar arrangement should also facilitate replacement of defective grate bars.
  • Patent claim 10 describes a grate bar arrangement according to the invention.
  • the holder through a recess on the top of the grate bars. This allows the bracket to continue to be positioned below the top of the grate bars.
  • operation is made easier by the fact that the staff can stand on top of the grate in the firebox while operating the holder, for example to loosen a screw or remove a clamp.
  • brackets When operating the bracket, positive or non-positive brackets can be used. It is advantageous if the grate bars are screwed on from above. In this case, a screw or threaded rod running transversely to adjacent grate bars is screwed to at least one nut in order to hold the adjacent grate bars together.
  • the recess be sized so that one wrench can be placed and tightened on the screw head and another on the nut.
  • wrenches are applied to two lock nuts on a threaded rod.
  • the recess is covered with a plate.
  • This plate can be part of the holder or can be arranged as a single part above the holder in order to cover the recess in such a way that the top side of the grate is as flat as possible.
  • the plate be anchored in the recess in a form-fitting manner. This allows, by sliding the panel, to dislodge the panel to allow access to an underlying bracket.
  • the plate be secured with a wedge. This wedge can be inserted form-fitting, for example, in a recess, which on the one hand a plan surface of the grate coating is formed and on the other hand a displacement of the plate is prevented.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in that the upper side of the grate bar has a recess and the grate bar arrangement has a cover. This allows for easy operation of the bracket while the cover allows for a flat top of the grate.
  • a first variant provides that the holder has a screw connection. Cumulatively or alternatively, the holder can have a clip.
  • the bracket or an element of the bracket has a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the grate bars.
  • the thermal expansion of metals and alloys is expressed as linear expansion, which is proportional to a linear expansion number, which indicates the elongation of the unit length for 1 ° increase in temperature between 0 to 100 °C.
  • the coefficient of linear expansion is, for example, 1.0 for a Ni steel, 36Ni, Invar and 30 for cadmium.
  • the bracket can still be relatively loose when cold, since the greater expansion of the grate bars causes the bracket to become tight during operation and holds the grate bars closer together as the temperature increases.
  • the grate bars can then be connected to a holder that is slipped on in a form-fitting manner, which exerts a strong holding force on the grate bars when the grate bars expand, in order to hold the grate bars together.
  • the holder has a connecting element and a clamping element, with the connecting element and clamping element having different coefficients of thermal expansion.
  • Elements with a coefficient of expansion which is greater than that of the holder can also be arranged between the holder and the grate bars.
  • a washer that is slipped onto the screw shank and has a high coefficient of expansion can be used. Since the steel of the screw connection elongates more than the cast steel of the grate bars, the washer can compensate for this expansion again.
  • the cover In order to hold the cover securely in the recess, it is proposed that it have an undercut in order to grip laterally under an upper side of a grate bar. This enables a simple, form-fitting connection.
  • the cover may also include a wedge to secure a panel cover in the installed position.
  • the cover can be arranged as a single piece above the bracket.
  • a special variant provides that the cover is connected to the mount or a part of the mount. The holder or a part of the holder thus form the cover at the same time.
  • brackets can be provided between two grate bars to ensure that the grate bars are held close together over their entire length. However, it is advantageous if only one holder is arranged in order to hold adjacent grate bars together.
  • the head 1 of a grate bar 2 shown has an upper side 3 which is essentially planar and has an elevation 5 towards the front end 4 . Between this elevation 5 and the flat area 6 of the surface, a recess 7, 8 is provided on both sides of the grate bar 2, into which a holder 9 can be inserted.
  • the figure 2 12 now shows two adjacent grate bars 2 and 12 with a bracket 9 in between, which holds the grate bars 2 and 12 together via a screw connection 10 .
  • a screw connection 10 serving as a holder 9
  • the recesses 8 and 13 are covered with a cover 15 which has a plate 16 and a wedge 17 with which the plate 16 is secured.
  • the grate bars 2, 12 each have recesses 7, 8 and 13, 14 on both longitudinal sides 19, 20.
  • Screw connection 10 shown consists of a screw 21 with screw head 22 and nut 23.
  • the plate 16 of the cover 15 has undercuts 27 and 25 which allow the plate 16 to be inserted into the recess 7, 8 and held by the undercuts 24 and 25.
  • the plate 16 is prevented from falling out of the recess 7, 8 by an inserted wedge 17, which was welded to the plate 16 after it had been inserted.
  • FIG 4 a clip 30 is shown for holding two grate bars 2 and 12 together.
  • This bracket 30 consists of a material with a smaller coefficient of thermal expansion than the grate bars 2, 12, which are made of cast steel.
  • the clamp 30 can therefore simply be slipped over webs 31, 32 lying laterally against one another. In use of the grate bar arrangement the grate bars expand due to the high heat and the clip, which only expands less, holds the grate bars in place.
  • the figure 6 shows a bolt connection in which a bolt 50 is inserted between two grate bars 2 and 12 in order to hold the grate bars 2 and 12 together.
  • Shims 53 and 54 are arranged between the bolt 50 and the webs 51 and 52 of the grate bars 2 and 12, which compensate for the different coefficients of thermal expansion between the grate bars 2 and 12 and the bolt 50, so that an elongation of the bolt 50 does not loosen the connection between the grate bars 2 and 12.
  • the Figures 4 to 6 show that the brackets 30 and 40 serving as the holder 9 and the bolt 50 can have washers 43, 44 or washers 53, 54 as elements in order to compensate for the different coefficients of thermal expansion.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient can also be determined by the selection of the materials and adjusted so that the grate bars are held together securely even with strong temperature fluctuations.
  • the assembly is done by placing the grate bars on the grate.
  • the grate car is usually in the middle position.
  • the grate is inserted into the opening between two grate bars Screw tightened.
  • the closure plate 16 is then inserted and pushed to the side.
  • the wedge 17 is inserted for locking and welded to the plate.
  • the weld seam is first separated and then the wedge is pried out. The plate can then be removed so that the screw connection can ultimately be loosened and removed.
  • This method has the advantage that the entire covering can be screwed on from above, regardless of the position of the grate trolleys. Climbing into the grate funnel is no longer necessary. It is also no longer necessary to move the carriages during assembly. Although the welding of the wedges 17 to the plates 16 means an additional assembly step, the overall assembly time is significantly reduced compared to previously known methods.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
EP21196524.9A 2020-10-08 2021-09-14 Procédé pour maintenir ensemble des barreaux de grille adjacents, ainsi qu'un ensemble de barreaux de grille Active EP3982044B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020006197 2020-10-08
DE102020006801.4A DE102020006801A1 (de) 2020-10-08 2020-11-05 Verfahren zum Zusammenhalten von nebeneinander liegenden Roststäben sowie eine Roststabanordnung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3982044A1 true EP3982044A1 (fr) 2022-04-13
EP3982044B1 EP3982044B1 (fr) 2024-04-24

Family

ID=77750125

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21196524.9A Active EP3982044B1 (fr) 2020-10-08 2021-09-14 Procédé pour maintenir ensemble des barreaux de grille adjacents, ainsi qu'un ensemble de barreaux de grille

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11802691B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3982044B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022062697A (fr)
CN (1) CN114294662A (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110686263B (zh) * 2019-10-09 2023-12-22 科能亚太铸造（武汉）有限公司 一种焚烧装置用炉条

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4776287A (en) * 1987-01-09 1988-10-11 T.I.R.U.-Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains Hearth grate with transverse bars of elements which are secured together by their frontal faces
FR2622278A1 (fr) * 1986-05-22 1989-04-28 Mediterranee Const Navales Ind Dispositif de liaison de barreaux d'une grille a mouvement de recul d'un foyer de combustion
EP3048369A1 (fr) * 2015-01-26 2016-07-27 Alite GmbH Barreau de grille en composite métal-céramique pour une grille d'incinérateur de déchets
EP3348904A1 (fr) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-18 Richard Kablitz GmbH Rouille pour installation de combustion

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US503169A (en) * 1893-08-15 Grate
DE3049086C2 (de) 1980-12-24 1983-07-14 Widmer & Ernst AG, 5430 Wettingen Roststabreihe für Feuerungsroste von Verbrennungsöfen
US4471704A (en) * 1982-06-21 1984-09-18 Clear Air, Inc. Reciprocating grate systems for furnaces and incinerators
DE3330636C1 (de) * 1983-08-24 1985-01-10 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik, 8000 München Rostbelag fuer mechanisch bewegte stufenfoermige Feuerungsroste von Grossfeuerungen
EP0650017B1 (fr) * 1993-10-21 1998-04-22 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Grille pour un foyer
DE19860552C2 (de) * 1998-12-22 2001-02-08 Mannesmann Ag Kühlbarer Verbrennungsrost
DE102004040048A1 (de) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 Ikn Gmbh Rostplattenanordnung für Stufenroste
DE102020003114A1 (de) * 2020-05-25 2021-11-25 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Roststab, Roststabanordnung und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Roststabanordnung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2622278A1 (fr) * 1986-05-22 1989-04-28 Mediterranee Const Navales Ind Dispositif de liaison de barreaux d'une grille a mouvement de recul d'un foyer de combustion
US4776287A (en) * 1987-01-09 1988-10-11 T.I.R.U.-Traitement Industriel des Residus Urbains Hearth grate with transverse bars of elements which are secured together by their frontal faces
EP3048369A1 (fr) * 2015-01-26 2016-07-27 Alite GmbH Barreau de grille en composite métal-céramique pour une grille d'incinérateur de déchets
EP3348904A1 (fr) * 2017-01-11 2018-07-18 Richard Kablitz GmbH Rouille pour installation de combustion

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2022062697A (ja) 2022-04-20
US20220113025A1 (en) 2022-04-14
CN114294662A (zh) 2022-04-08
US11802691B2 (en) 2023-10-31
EP3982044B1 (fr) 2024-04-24

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