EP3967827B1 - Prefabricated concrete step - Google Patents
Prefabricated concrete step Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3967827B1 EP3967827B1 EP21195312.0A EP21195312A EP3967827B1 EP 3967827 B1 EP3967827 B1 EP 3967827B1 EP 21195312 A EP21195312 A EP 21195312A EP 3967827 B1 EP3967827 B1 EP 3967827B1
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- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- foundation
- shell surface
- lateral
- step section
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 title claims description 85
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 33
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F11/104—Treads
- E04F11/116—Treads of stone, concrete or like material or with an upper layer of stone or stone like material, e.g. ceramics, concrete; of glass or with an upper layer of glass
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F11/09—Tread-and-riser units
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F11/00—Stairways, ramps, or like structures; Balustrades; Handrails
- E04F11/02—Stairways; Layouts thereof
- E04F2011/0203—Miscellaneous features of stairways not otherwise provided for
- E04F2011/0205—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads
- E04F2011/021—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of stone or stone like materials, e.g. concrete; mainly of glass
- E04F2011/0212—Stairways characterised by the use of specific materials for the supporting structure of the treads mainly of stone or stone like materials, e.g. concrete; mainly of glass mainly of concrete
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a prefabricated concrete step part.
- steps of such a concrete staircase are usually formed by producing individual foundation parts from in-situ concrete or laying prefabricated foundation parts and then attaching tread plates to the foundation parts.
- the DE 92 11 796 U1 reveals a concrete shaped block for the formation of stairs, walls and walls.
- the concrete block consists of a lower plate and an upper plate, which are connected via a central bar that determines the distance between the plates, so that the shape of a double T-beam basically results.
- a variety of such concrete blocks can be arranged in such a way that they form a staircase.
- KR200410085Y1 shows a precast concrete step part with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
- a general disadvantage of the prior art solutions is the high level of effort involved in laying the individual elements. If the tread plates are attached to the foundation parts on site, tensions often arise due to the different thermal expansion of the two elements. This causes the connection between the foundation and the tread plate to age, causing the tread plate to slowly loosen and begin to wobble.
- the invention as characterized in the claims, is based on the object of providing a concrete staircase for outdoor use that is easy and inexpensive to install and at the same time has a long service life without noticeable aging due to environmental influences.
- the present invention provides a prefabricated stair step concrete part having a foundation section and a step section, the foundation section being designed and set up for anchoring the prefabricated stair step concrete part in the subsurface.
- the foundation section has a foundation section base area intended to rest on the ground and a foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section has a step section cover surface provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface opposite the step section cover surface and a step section lateral surface.
- the step section projects at least in a partial area of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in a partial area of its foundation section lateral surface.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part has elongated reinforcing elements, with at least one of the elongated reinforcing elements arranged in the foundation section Foundation reinforcement section and a step reinforcement section arranged in the step section.
- the vertical extent of the foundation section extending from the foundation section base area to the step section base area is at least 40 cm.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part according to the invention is a one-piece prefabricated concrete part.
- the aging of the connection between the foundation and the tread plate, which is known from the prior art, due to different thermal expansion of the two elements cannot occur in the prefabricated concrete stair step part according to the invention.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part according to the invention has elongated reinforcing elements which extend into both the foundation section and the step section.
- the two sections of the prefabricated stair step concrete part are statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights.
- a concrete staircase for outdoor use which is formed from a plurality of prefabricated concrete stair step parts according to the invention, is easy and inexpensive to install and at the same time has a high level of resistance to environmental influences.
- All prefabricated stair step concrete parts can be produced individually in the precast factory for a specific external staircase. On site, only the subsoil is leveled with an appropriate gradient and provided with a usual layer of gravel or sand concrete. Subsequently, the individual prefabricated stair step concrete parts are inserted into the ground with their foundation sections in such a way that the step sections forming the stairs are aligned appropriately in the vertical and horizontal directions.
- the cross section of the foundation section and/or the step section can be designed in almost any horizontal direction when installed.
- a circular cross section of the foundation section and/or the step section is just as suitable as an oval cross section or a cross section composed of any number of flat sections.
- a cross section composed of flat sections generally represents the envelope of a prism.
- the present invention is described below using a prism with four sections, i.e. a cuboid, but it should be emphasized that each of the sections can be divided into a substantially arbitrary number of others can be divided into sections.
- the horizontal cross section of such a foundation section and/or such a step section is then a polygon.
- the foundation section and/or the step section has the shape of a cylinder, in particular a straight circular cylinder or an elliptical cylinder, or the shape of a prism, in particular a straight prism.
- the foundation section has the shape of a conically tapering cylinder, i.e. a cone with a circular base, in particular a truncated cone, or a conically tapering elliptical cylinder, i.e. a cone with an elliptical base, or the shape of a conically tapering prism, i.e. a cone with a polygonal base or, in other words, a pyramid or a truncated pyramid.
- a conically tapering foundation sections can prevent all steps located above the damaged step from also having to be removed. Because of the foundation section, which tapers conically starting from the step section in a direction away from the step section, the foundation section can be easily inserted into the ground even when adjacent prefabricated stair step concrete parts are installed.
- the foundation section lateral surface has a plurality of flat foundation section lateral surfaces and/or the step section lateral surface has a plurality of flat step section lateral surfaces.
- both the foundation section and the step section can basically have any shape.
- a particularly simple production is possible if the respective lateral surface is constructed from several flat lateral surface sections. For example, if the foundation section has four partial foundation section surfaces, a cuboid results.
- the foundation section has a foundation section base area intended to rest on the ground, a front foundation section lateral surface, a first lateral foundation section lateral surface adjoining the front foundation section lateral surface, a rear foundation section lateral surface adjoining the first lateral foundation section lateral surface and opposite the front foundation section lateral surface and a second lateral surface adjoining the rear foundation section lateral surface and opposite the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section has a step section cover surface provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface opposite the step section cover surface, a front step section cover surface, a first side step section cover surface adjoining the front step section cover surface, a rear step section cover surface adjoining the first side step section cover surface and opposite the front step section cover surface, and a rear step section cover surface adjoining the rear step section cover surface and the second lateral step section lateral surface opposite the first lateral step section lateral surface.
- the step section protrudes at least with its front step section jacket surface beyond the front foundation section jacket surface.
- front and rear lateral surface mean the arrangement of the respective surface from the perspective of an observer who wants to climb a staircase made of prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention.
- the above embodiment describes a prefabricated concrete stair step part for forming a conventional staircase with rectangular tread surfaces or with cuboid step sections.
- the foundation section and/or the step section can be designed in almost any shape. A particularly simple production is possible if both the step section and the foundation section are cuboid.
- the foundation section is designed in the form of a cuboid, embodiments are particularly preferred in which the horizontal extent of the foundation section extending from the first lateral foundation section surface area to the second lateral foundation section surface area is at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm, particularly preferably at least 30 cm. amounts. Also preferably, the vertical extent of the foundation section extending from the foundation section base area to the step section base area is at least 60 cm, preferably at least 80 cm.
- the requirements for sufficient stability of the foundation section and its secure anchoring in the subsoil are met.
- the foundation section should not be oversized.
- adequate dimensioning of the foundation section takes into account the local conditions and the Expansion of the step section is not a problem.
- the reinforcement introduced into the precast concrete part must have a minimum amount of concrete coverage. Such a minimum concrete cover of usually 5 cm is required to prevent premature corrosion of the reinforcement. This technical specification must be taken into account when dimensioning the foundation section and placing the reinforcement elements in the foundation section.
- the step section is designed in the form of a cuboid, embodiments are particularly preferred in which the horizontal extent of the step section extending from the first lateral step section surface area to the second lateral step section surface area is at least 80 cm, preferably at least 120 cm, particularly preferably at least 150 cm. amounts. Also preferably, the vertical extent of the step section extending from the step section base area to the step section top area is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 15 cm.
- the requirements for sufficient stability of the step section are met, particularly with regard to the force exerted by high loads that are transported over a staircase made of prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention.
- the step section should not be oversized.
- adequate dimensioning of the step section taking into account the loads that occur, is not a problem.
- the reinforcement installed in the precast concrete part must have a minimum amount of concrete cover. Such a minimum concrete cover of usually 5 cm is required to prevent premature corrosion of the reinforcement. This technical specification must be taken into account when dimensioning the step section and placing the reinforcing elements in the step section.
- the step section projects at least in a partial area of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in a partial area of its foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section which is arranged higher in the vertical direction preferably projects in the area of its front step section lateral surface over the step section arranged underneath.
- the term "front" lateral surface refers to the arrangement of the lateral surface from the perspective of an observer who is climbing a staircase formed from prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention want.
- the front step section lateral surface of the step section arranged higher in the vertical direction is therefore located in the vertical direction above the step section top surface of the step section arranged lower in the vertical direction.
- the step section projects with its first lateral step section lateral surface beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface.
- a staircase that is flush on one side and runs parallel to a building wing, for example, can be erected quickly and easily.
- the step section projects in two partial areas of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in corresponding partial areas of its foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section projects with its front step section lateral surface beyond the front foundation section lateral surface and the step section projects with its first lateral step section lateral surface beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section additionally protrudes with its second lateral step section lateral surface beyond the second lateral foundation section lateral surface.
- the step section protrudes beyond the foundation section on up to three sides. The floating impression of the steps arranged one above the other, already described above, can thus be achieved better and better.
- the step section also protrudes with its rear step section lateral surface beyond the rear foundation section lateral surface.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part has a “mushroom-like” appearance, with a step section projecting in every direction being arranged on a column-like foundation section.
- not only a single elongated reinforcing element is provided in the prefabricated concrete stair step part, but rather a plurality of elongated reinforcing elements. At least two, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four of these elongated reinforcing elements have a foundation reinforcing section arranged in the foundation section and an in Step reinforcement section arranged on the step section.
- the step section and foundation section of the prefabricated concrete step part are statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights without having to fear a break in the area of the step part. In principle, depending on the static requirements, essentially any number of such reinforcement elements can be provided.
- Static requirements may also require that additional reinforcing elements be provided, with each of the additional reinforcing elements extending either exclusively in the foundation section or exclusively in the step section.
- additional reinforcing elements Several of the elongated reinforcement elements, which have a foundation reinforcement section arranged in the foundation section and a step reinforcement section arranged in the step section, can be connected to one another in the manner of a reinforcement frame by reinforcements that extend exclusively in one of the sections.
- Such reinforcement frames can be provided both in the foundation section and in the step section.
- the at least one elongated reinforcing element is essentially linear in its foundation reinforcement section and essentially linear in its step reinforcement section.
- the foundation reinforcement section forms an angle between 80° and 120°, in particular an angle between 85° and 100°, preferably an angle of around 90°, with the step reinforcement section.
- This configuration can be present in part as well as in all of the plurality of elongated reinforcing elements.
- the curved course of the reinforcing elements achieves a particularly good and durable static connection and static load-bearing capacity of the prefabricated concrete stair step part.
- the present invention also includes an external staircase consisting of at least three prefabricated concrete stair step parts as described above.
- an external staircase can be created with significantly reduced construction time, which is associated with obvious economic advantages.
- a drainage joint is preferably provided between adjacent prefabricated concrete steps.
- a shadow gap is formed and rainwater can flow away between the two prefabricated concrete parts.
- This embodiment also has the advantage that the desired step height can be adjusted.
- the height of the step section can be added to the height of the shadow gap with a variable amount can be added, which means that stairs with different step heights can be manufactured for prefabricated concrete parts with the same height of the step section.
- the substrate material introduced into the depressions in step c) is preferably sand concrete.
- the external staircase can be constructed in a significantly reduced construction time, which is associated with obvious economic advantages.
- the Figure 1 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of a prefabricated stair step concrete part T according to the invention.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part T includes a foundation section F and a step section S.
- the foundation section F has a foundation section base area Fg intended to rest on the ground and a foundation section lateral surface.
- the foundation section lateral surface comprises a front foundation section lateral surface Fv, a first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 adjoining the front foundation section lateral surface Fv, a rear foundation section lateral surface Fh adjoining the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 and opposite the front foundation section lateral surface Fv, and a rear foundation section lateral surface Fh adjoining and the second lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs2 opposite the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1.
- the step section S has a step section cover surface Sd provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface Sg opposite the step section cover surface Sd and a step section lateral surface.
- the step section lateral surface comprises a front step section lateral surface Sv, a first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 adjoining the front step section lateral surface Sv, a rear step section lateral surface Sh adjoining the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 and opposite the front step section lateral surface Sv and a rear step section lateral surface Sh adjoining and the second lateral step section lateral surface Ss2 opposite the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1.
- the foundation section F is inserted into the ground to form an external staircase and anchored there.
- a recess is provided in the foundation section F, which on the one hand saves material and on the other hand enables the laying of cables and pipes.
- step section S with its front step section surface Sv protrudes beyond the front foundation section surface Fv.
- step section base area Sg is visible and accessible in this projecting portion.
- the horizontal extent hAF of the foundation section F extends from the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 to the second lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs2 and is 30 cm in the exemplary embodiment shown.
- the horizontal extent hAS of the step section S extends from the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 to the second lateral step section lateral surface Ss2.
- the horizontal extent hAS of the step section S in the exemplary embodiment shown is identical to the horizontal extent hAF of the foundation section F and is also 30 cm.
- Figure 2 shows a schematic representation of a side view of the prefabricated concrete step part Figure 1 .
- the parts and dimensions already explained are taken from the Figure 2 the vertical extent vAF of the foundation section F and the vertical extent vAS of the step section S.
- the vertical extent vAF of the foundation section F extends from the foundation section base area Fg to the step section base area Sg and is 90 cm in the exemplary embodiment shown.
- the vertical extent vAS of the step section S extends from the step section base surface Sg to the step section top surface Sd and is 15 cm in the exemplary embodiment shown.
- the prefabricated stair step concrete part T has elongated reinforcing elements A, the reinforcing element A shown having a foundation reinforcement section FA arranged in the foundation section F and a step reinforcement section SA arranged in the step section S.
- the reinforcing element A is designed to be essentially linear both in its foundation reinforcement section FA and in its step reinforcement section SA, with the foundation reinforcement section FA having one with the step reinforcement section SA Includes angles of around 90°.
- the reinforcing element A therefore extends into both the foundation section F and the step section S.
- the two sections S, F of the prefabricated stair step concrete part T are therefore statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights.
- FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a perspective view of an external staircase made from three prefabricated concrete steps T according to the invention.
- the step section S projects beyond the foundation section F in all four directions.
- the step section S protrudes with its front step section lateral surface Sv beyond the front foundation section lateral surface Fv, it protrudes with its first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1, it protrudes with its second lateral step section lateral surface Ss2 beyond the second lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs2 and It projects with its rear step section lateral surface Sh beyond the rear foundation section lateral surface Fh.
- the specific dimensions of the foundation section F, the step section S and the projecting sections of the step section S are chosen so that the foundation sections F of the individual prefabricated stair step concrete parts T remain invisible to the user of the stairs, which creates the impression that the individual tread plates are floating on top of each other.
- Figure 4 a schematic representation of a perspective view of an external staircase made from prefabricated concrete steps T according to the invention with several steps.
- the step section S protrudes exclusively with its first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Steps, Ramps, And Handrails (AREA)
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil.The present invention relates to a prefabricated concrete step part.
Bei Gebäuden in Hanglage ist es häufig erforderlich, Geländeabschnitte mit Gefälle im Außenbereich der Gebäude mit Betontreppen auszustatten. Die Stufen einer solchen Betontreppe werden üblicherweise durch Herstellung einzelner Fundamentteile aus Ortbeton oder Verlegung von Fundamentfertigteilen und nachfolgender Befestigung von Trittplatten auf den Fundamentteilen gebildet.In the case of buildings on slopes, it is often necessary to equip areas with slopes on the outside of the building with concrete stairs. The steps of such a concrete staircase are usually formed by producing individual foundation parts from in-situ concrete or laying prefabricated foundation parts and then attaching tread plates to the foundation parts.
Eine ansprechende Optik kann erreicht werden, wenn die Stufen so verlegt sind, dass die jeweils in vertikaler Richtung höher angeordnete Trittplatte über die darunter angeordnete Trittplatte vorspringt. Steht die obere Platte weit genug über die untere Platte vor, so bleibt das die obere Platte tragende Fundament für den Betrachter unsichtbar und die obere Platte scheint über der unteren Platte zu schweben.An attractive appearance can be achieved if the steps are laid in such a way that the tread plate, which is arranged higher in the vertical direction, protrudes over the tread plate arranged underneath. If the upper plate protrudes far enough above the lower plate, the foundation supporting the upper plate remains invisible to the viewer and the upper plate appears to float above the lower plate.
Daneben sind Treppen im Außenbereich bekannt, deren Stufen aus Betonfertigteilen gebildet sind, wobei zur Verbesserung der Stabilität häufig mehrere Stufen durch Bolzen oder Schrauben miteinander verbunden sind. So offenbart die
Die
Allgemein nachteilig an den Lösungen des Standes der Technik ist der hohe Aufwand für das Verlegen der einzelnen Elemente. Werden die Trittplatten vor Ort an den Fundamentteilen befestigt, so kommt es zudem häufig zu Spannungen aufgrund der unterschiedlichen thermischen Ausdehnung der beiden Elemente. Dadurch altert die Verbindung zwischen Fundament und Trittplatte, wodurch die Trittplatte sich langsam löst und zu wackeln beginnt.A general disadvantage of the prior art solutions is the high level of effort involved in laying the individual elements. If the tread plates are attached to the foundation parts on site, tensions often arise due to the different thermal expansion of the two elements. This causes the connection between the foundation and the tread plate to age, causing the tread plate to slowly loosen and begin to wobble.
Es besteht daher ein Bedarf an Betontreppen für den Außenbereich, die einfach und kostengünstig zu installieren sind und die gleichzeitig eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Umwelteinflüsse aufweisen.There is therefore a need for outdoor concrete stairs that are easy and inexpensive to install and at the same time have a high level of resistance to environmental influences.
Der Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, liegt die Aufgabe zu Grunde, eine Betontreppe für den Außenbereich zur Verfügung zu stellen, die einfach und kostengünstig zu installieren ist und die gleichzeitig eine lange Lebensdauer ohne merkliche Alterung aufgrund von Umwelteinflüssen aufweist.The invention, as characterized in the claims, is based on the object of providing a concrete staircase for outdoor use that is easy and inexpensive to install and at the same time has a long service life without noticeable aging due to environmental influences.
Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch das Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Details, Aspekte und Ausgestaltungen der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung, den Beispielen und den Zeichnungen.This object is achieved according to the invention by the precast concrete step part according to claim 1. Further advantageous details, aspects and refinements of the present invention emerge from the dependent claims, the description, the examples and the drawings.
Die vorliegende Erfindung stellt ein Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil zur Verfügung aufweisend einen Fundamentabschnitt und einen Stufenabschnitt, wobei der Fundamentabschnitt zur Verankerung des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils im Untergrund ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist. Der Fundamentabschnitt weist eine zur Auflage auf den Untergrund vorgesehene Fundamentabschnittgrundfläche und eine Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche auf. Der Stufenabschnitt weist eine als Trittfläche vorgesehene Stufenabschnittdeckfläche, eine der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche gegenüberliegende Stufenabschnittgrundfläche und eine Stufenabschnittmantelfläche auf. Der Stufenabschnitt ragt zumindest in einem Teilbereich seiner Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über den Fundamentabschnitt in einem Teilbereich von dessen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Das Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil weist langgestreckte Armierungselemente auf, wobei zumindest eines der langgestreckten Armierungselemente einen im Fundamentabschnitt angeordneten Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt und einen im Stufenabschnitt angeordneten Stufenarmierungsabschnitt aufweist. Die sich von der Fundamentabschnittgrundfläche bis zu der Stufenabschnittgrundfläche erstreckende vertikale Ausdehnung des Fundamentabschnitts beträgt zumindest 40 cm.The present invention provides a prefabricated stair step concrete part having a foundation section and a step section, the foundation section being designed and set up for anchoring the prefabricated stair step concrete part in the subsurface. The foundation section has a foundation section base area intended to rest on the ground and a foundation section lateral surface. The step section has a step section cover surface provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface opposite the step section cover surface and a step section lateral surface. The step section projects at least in a partial area of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in a partial area of its foundation section lateral surface. The prefabricated stair step concrete part has elongated reinforcing elements, with at least one of the elongated reinforcing elements arranged in the foundation section Foundation reinforcement section and a step reinforcement section arranged in the step section. The vertical extent of the foundation section extending from the foundation section base area to the step section base area is at least 40 cm.
Im Gegensatz zu den aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Betontreppen, bei denen Fundamentteile aus Ortbeton oder Fundamentfertigteile in den Untergrund eingebracht werden und nachfolgend Trittplatten auf den Fundamentteilen befestigt werden, handelt es sich bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil um ein einstückiges Betonfertigteil. Das aus dem Stand der Technik bekannte Altern der Verbindung zwischen Fundament und Trittplatte aufgrund unterschiedlicher thermischer Ausdehnung der beiden Elemente kann bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil nicht auftreten.In contrast to the concrete stairs known from the prior art, in which foundation parts made of in-situ concrete or prefabricated foundation parts are inserted into the subsoil and tread plates are subsequently attached to the foundation parts, the prefabricated stair step concrete part according to the invention is a one-piece prefabricated concrete part. The aging of the connection between the foundation and the tread plate, which is known from the prior art, due to different thermal expansion of the two elements cannot occur in the prefabricated concrete stair step part according to the invention.
Das erfindungsgemäße Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil weist langgestreckte Armierungselemente auf, die sich sowohl in den Fundamentabschnitt wie auch in den Stufenabschnitt erstrecken. Die beiden Abschnitte des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil sind also statisch miteinander verbunden und können so mit hohen Gewichten belastet werden.The prefabricated stair step concrete part according to the invention has elongated reinforcing elements which extend into both the foundation section and the step section. The two sections of the prefabricated stair step concrete part are statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights.
Eine Betontreppe für den Außenbereich, die aus einer Mehrzahl von erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen gebildet wird, ist einfach und kostengünstig zu installieren und weist gleichzeitig eine hohe Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Umwelteinflüsse auf. Sämtliche Treppenstufenbetonfertigteile können im Fertigteilwerk individuell für eine bestimmte Außentreppe produziert werden. Vor Ort wird nur noch der Untergrund mit einem entsprechenden Gefälle eingeebnet und mit einer üblichen Auflage aus Schotter oder Sandbeton versehen. Nachfolgend werden die einzelnen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteile mit ihrem Fundamentabschnitt derart in den Untergrund eingebracht, dass die die Treppe bildenden Stufenabschnitte in vertikaler und horizontaler Richtung passend ausgerichtet sind.A concrete staircase for outdoor use, which is formed from a plurality of prefabricated concrete stair step parts according to the invention, is easy and inexpensive to install and at the same time has a high level of resistance to environmental influences. All prefabricated stair step concrete parts can be produced individually in the precast factory for a specific external staircase. On site, only the subsoil is leveled with an appropriate gradient and provided with a usual layer of gravel or sand concrete. Subsequently, the individual prefabricated stair step concrete parts are inserted into the ground with their foundation sections in such a way that the step sections forming the stairs are aligned appropriately in the vertical and horizontal directions.
Der Querschnitt des Fundamentabschnitts und/oder des Stufenabschnitts kann in im eingebauten Zustand horizontaler Richtung nahezu beliebig ausgebildet sein. Ein kreisförmiger Querschnitt des Fundamentabschnitts und/oder des Stufenabschnitts ist ebenso geeignet wie ein ovaler Querschnitt oder ein aus einer beliebigen Zahl an ebenen Abschnitten zusammengesetzter Querschnitt. Ein aus ebenen Abschnitten zusammengesetzter Querschnitt stellt allgemein die Umhüllende eines Prismas dar. Nachfolgend wird die vorliegenden Erfindung anhand eines Prismas mit vier Abschnitten beschrieben, also einem Quader, es soll aber betont werden, dass jeder einzelne der Abschnitte in eine im Wesentlichen beliebige Anzahl an weiteren Abschnitten unterteilt sein kann. Bei dem horizontalen Querschnitt eines solchen Fundamentabschnitts und/oder eines solchen Stufenabschnitts handelt es sich dann um ein Polygon.The cross section of the foundation section and/or the step section can be designed in almost any horizontal direction when installed. A circular cross section of the foundation section and/or the step section is just as suitable as an oval cross section or a cross section composed of any number of flat sections. A cross section composed of flat sections generally represents the envelope of a prism. The present invention is described below using a prism with four sections, i.e. a cuboid, but it should be emphasized that each of the sections can be divided into a substantially arbitrary number of others can be divided into sections. The horizontal cross section of such a foundation section and/or such a step section is then a polygon.
Anders ausgedrückt weist der Fundamentabschnitt und/oder der Stufenabschnitt die Form eines Zylinders, insbesondere eines geraden Kreiszylinders oder eines elliptischen Zylinders, oder die Form eines Prismas, insbesondere eines geraden Prismas, auf.In other words, the foundation section and/or the step section has the shape of a cylinder, in particular a straight circular cylinder or an elliptical cylinder, or the shape of a prism, in particular a straight prism.
Mit besonderen Vorteilen ist eine Ausführungsform verbunden, bei der der Fundamentabschnitt die Form eines sich konisch verjüngenden Zylinders, also eines Kegels mit kreisförmiger Grundfläche, insbesondere eines Kegelstumpfes, oder eines sich konisch verjüngenden elliptischen Zylinders, also eines Kegels mit elliptischer Grundfläche, oder die Form eines sich konisch verjüngenden Prismas, also eines Kegels mit polygonaler Grundfläche oder anders ausgedrückt einer Pyramide oder auch eines Pyramidenstumpfes, auf. Bei Beschädigungen einer Stufe kann es erforderlich werden, ein einzelnes Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil einer bestehenden Betontreppe auszutauschen. Durch die sich konisch verjüngenden Fundamentabschnitte kann trotz der vorspringenden Stufenabschnitte verhindert werden, dass sämtliche oberhalb der beschädigten Stufe angeordneten Stufen ebenfalls ausgebaut werden müssen. Wegen des sich ausgehend von dem Stufenabschnitt in eine Richtung weg von dem Stufenabschnitt konisch verjüngenden Fundamentabschnitts kann der Fundamentabschnitt auch bei eingebauten benachbarten Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen problemlos in den Untergrund eingebracht werden.Particular advantages are associated with an embodiment in which the foundation section has the shape of a conically tapering cylinder, i.e. a cone with a circular base, in particular a truncated cone, or a conically tapering elliptical cylinder, i.e. a cone with an elliptical base, or the shape of a conically tapering prism, i.e. a cone with a polygonal base or, in other words, a pyramid or a truncated pyramid. If a step is damaged, it may be necessary to replace an individual prefabricated concrete step part of an existing concrete staircase. Despite the projecting step sections, the conically tapering foundation sections can prevent all steps located above the damaged step from also having to be removed. Because of the foundation section, which tapers conically starting from the step section in a direction away from the step section, the foundation section can be easily inserted into the ground even when adjacent prefabricated stair step concrete parts are installed.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform weist die Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche eine Mehrzahl von ebenen Fundamentabschnittmantelteilflächen auf und/oder die Stufenabschnittmantelfläche weist eine Mehrzahl von ebenen Stufenabschnittmantelteilflächen auf. Wie bereits erwähnt können sowohl Fundamentabschnitt wie auch Stufenabschnitt grundsätzlich beliebige Gestalt aufweisen. Eine besonders einfache Herstellung ist aber dann möglich, wenn die jeweilige Mantelfläche aus mehreren ebenen Mantelflächenteilabschnitten aufgebaut ist. Weist der Fundamentabschnitt beispielsweise vier Fundamentabschnittmantelteilflächen auf, so ergibt sich ein Quader.According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the foundation section lateral surface has a plurality of flat foundation section lateral surfaces and/or the step section lateral surface has a plurality of flat step section lateral surfaces. As already mentioned, both the foundation section and the step section can basically have any shape. However, a particularly simple production is possible if the respective lateral surface is constructed from several flat lateral surface sections. For example, if the foundation section has four partial foundation section surfaces, a cuboid results.
Gemäß einer besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung weist der Fundamentabschnitt eine zur Auflage auf den Untergrund vorgesehene Fundamentabschnittgrundfläche, eine vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche, eine an die vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche anschließende erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche, eine an die erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche anschließende und der vorderen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche gegenüberliegende hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche und eine an die hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche anschließende und der ersten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche gegenüberliegende zweite seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche auf. Der Stufenabschnitt weist eine als Trittfläche vorgesehene Stufenabschnittdeckfläche, eine der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche gegenüberliegende Stufenabschnittgrundfläche, eine vordere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche, eine an die vordere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche anschließende erste seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche, eine an die erste seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche anschließende und der vorderen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche gegenüberliegende hintere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche und eine an die hintere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche anschließende und der ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche gegenüberliegende zweite seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche auf. Der Stufenabschnitt ragt zumindest mit seiner vorderen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus.According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the foundation section has a foundation section base area intended to rest on the ground, a front foundation section lateral surface, a first lateral foundation section lateral surface adjoining the front foundation section lateral surface, a rear foundation section lateral surface adjoining the first lateral foundation section lateral surface and opposite the front foundation section lateral surface and a second lateral surface adjoining the rear foundation section lateral surface and opposite the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Foundation section lateral surface. The step section has a step section cover surface provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface opposite the step section cover surface, a front step section cover surface, a first side step section cover surface adjoining the front step section cover surface, a rear step section cover surface adjoining the first side step section cover surface and opposite the front step section cover surface, and a rear step section cover surface adjoining the rear step section cover surface and the second lateral step section lateral surface opposite the first lateral step section lateral surface. The step section protrudes at least with its front step section jacket surface beyond the front foundation section jacket surface.
Mit den Bezeichnungen "vordere" und "hintere" Mantelfläche ist die Anordnung der jeweiligen Fläche aus der Perspektive eines Betrachters gemeint, der eine aus erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen gebildete Treppe nach oben steigen will.The terms “front” and “rear” lateral surface mean the arrangement of the respective surface from the perspective of an observer who wants to climb a staircase made of prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention.
Die obige Ausführungsform beschreibt ein Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil zur Bildung einer üblichen Treppe mit rechteckförmigen Trittflächen bzw. mit quaderförmigen Stufenabschnitten. Grundsätzlich kann der Fundamentabschnitt und/oder der Stufenabschnitt in nahezu beliebigen Formen ausgebildet sein. Eine besonders einfache Herstellung ist dann möglich, wenn sowohl der Stufenabschnitt wie auch der Fundamentabschnitt quaderförmig ausgebildet ist.The above embodiment describes a prefabricated concrete stair step part for forming a conventional staircase with rectangular tread surfaces or with cuboid step sections. In principle, the foundation section and/or the step section can be designed in almost any shape. A particularly simple production is possible if both the step section and the foundation section are cuboid.
Ist der Fundamentabschnitt in Form eines Quaders ausgebildet, so sind insbesondere Ausführungsformen bevorzugt, bei denen die sich von der ersten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche bis zu der zweiten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche erstreckende horizontale Ausdehnung des Fundamentabschnitts zumindest 15 cm, bevorzugt zumindest 20 cm, insbesondere bevorzugt zumindest 30 cm, beträgt. Ebenfalls bevorzugt beträgt die sich von der Fundamentabschnittgrundfläche bis zu der Stufenabschnittgrundfläche erstreckende vertikale Ausdehnung des Fundamentabschnitts zumindest 60 cm, bevorzugt zumindest 80 cm.If the foundation section is designed in the form of a cuboid, embodiments are particularly preferred in which the horizontal extent of the foundation section extending from the first lateral foundation section surface area to the second lateral foundation section surface area is at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm, particularly preferably at least 30 cm. amounts. Also preferably, the vertical extent of the foundation section extending from the foundation section base area to the step section base area is at least 60 cm, preferably at least 80 cm.
Mit den genannten Dimensionierungen sind die Anforderungen an eine ausreichende Stabilität des Fundamentabschnitts und an dessen sichere Verankerung im Untergrund erfüllt. Andererseits soll natürlich so wenig wie möglich Material in den Untergrund eingebracht werden, weshalb keine Überdimensionierung des Fundamentabschnitts vorgenommen werden soll. Für den Fachmann stellt eine adäquate Dimensionierung des Fundamentabschnitts unter Berücksichtigung der örtlichen Gegebenheiten und der Ausdehnung des Stufenabschnitts kein Problem dar. Insbesondere ist dem Fachmann bekannt, dass die in dem Betonfertigteil eingebrachte Armierung ein Mindestmaß an Betondeckung aufweisen muss. Eine solche Mindestbetondeckung von in der Regel 5 cm ist erforderlich, um eine vorzeitige Korrosion der Armierung zu verhindern. Diese technische Vorgabe muss bei der Dimensionierung des Fundamentabschnitts und der Platzierung der Armierungselemente im Fundamentabschnitt berücksichtigt werden.With the dimensions mentioned, the requirements for sufficient stability of the foundation section and its secure anchoring in the subsoil are met. On the other hand, as little material as possible should of course be introduced into the subsoil, which is why the foundation section should not be oversized. For the expert, adequate dimensioning of the foundation section takes into account the local conditions and the Expansion of the step section is not a problem. In particular, it is known to those skilled in the art that the reinforcement introduced into the precast concrete part must have a minimum amount of concrete coverage. Such a minimum concrete cover of usually 5 cm is required to prevent premature corrosion of the reinforcement. This technical specification must be taken into account when dimensioning the foundation section and placing the reinforcement elements in the foundation section.
Ist der Stufenabschnitt in Form eines Quaders ausgebildet, so sind insbesondere Ausführungsformen bevorzugt, bei denen die sich von der ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche bis zu der zweiten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche erstreckende horizontale Ausdehnung des Stufenabschnitts zumindest 80 cm, bevorzugt zumindest 120 cm, insbesondere bevorzugt zumindest 150 cm, beträgt. Ebenfalls bevorzugt beträgt die sich von der Stufenabschnittgrundfläche bis zu der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche erstreckende vertikale Ausdehnung des Stufenabschnitts zumindest 5 cm, bevorzugt zumindest 10 cm, insbesondere bevorzugt zumindest 15 cm, beträgt.If the step section is designed in the form of a cuboid, embodiments are particularly preferred in which the horizontal extent of the step section extending from the first lateral step section surface area to the second lateral step section surface area is at least 80 cm, preferably at least 120 cm, particularly preferably at least 150 cm. amounts. Also preferably, the vertical extent of the step section extending from the step section base area to the step section top area is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 15 cm.
Bei den genannten Dimensionierungen sind die Anforderungen an eine ausreichende Stabilität des Stufenabschnitts insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Krafteinwirkung bei hohen Lasten, die über eine aus erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen bestehende Treppe transportiert werden, erfüllt. Andererseits soll so wenig Material wie möglich aufgewendet werden, weshalb keine Überdimensionierung des Stufenabschnitts vorgenommen werden soll. Für den Fachmann stellt eine adäquate Dimensionierung des Stufenabschnitts unter Berücksichtigung der auftretenden Lasten kein Problem dar. Wie oben bereits erwähnt, ist dem Fachmann daneben auch bekannt, dass die in dem Betonfertigteil eingebrachte Armierung eine Mindestmaß an Betondeckung aufweisen muss. Eine solche Mindestbetondeckung von in der Regel 5 cm ist erforderlich, um eine vorzeitige Korrosion der Armierung zu verhindern. Diese technische Vorgabe muss bei der Dimensionierung des Stufenabschnitts und der Platzierung der Armierungselemente im Stufenabschnitt berücksichtigt werden.With the dimensions mentioned, the requirements for sufficient stability of the step section are met, particularly with regard to the force exerted by high loads that are transported over a staircase made of prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention. On the other hand, as little material as possible should be used, which is why the step section should not be oversized. For the expert, adequate dimensioning of the step section, taking into account the loads that occur, is not a problem. As already mentioned above, the expert also knows that the reinforcement installed in the precast concrete part must have a minimum amount of concrete cover. Such a minimum concrete cover of usually 5 cm is required to prevent premature corrosion of the reinforcement. This technical specification must be taken into account when dimensioning the step section and placing the reinforcing elements in the step section.
Erfindungsgemäß ragt der Stufenabschnitt zumindest in einem Teilbereich seiner Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über den Fundamentabschnitt in einem Teilbereich von dessen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Im Fall einer quaderförmigen Ausbildung von Fundamentabschnitt und Stufenabschnitt bedeutet dies, dass der in vertikaler Richtung höher angeordnete Stufenabschnitt bevorzugt im Bereich seiner vorderen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über den darunter angeordneten Stufenabschnitt vorspringt. Wie bereits erwähnt ist mit der Bezeichnung "vordere" Mantelfläche die Anordnung der Mantelfläche aus der Perspektive eines Betrachters gemeint, der eine aus erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen gebildete Treppe nach oben steigen will. Die vordere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche des in vertikaler Richtung höher angeordnete Stufenabschnitts befindet sich damit in vertikaler Richtung oberhalb der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche des in vertikaler Richtung niedriger angeordneten Stufenabschnitts. Mit Hilfe einer Mehrzahl solcher Treppenstufenbetonfertigteile kann eine in horizontaler Richtung beidseitig bündige Treppe problemlos und schnell errichtet werden.According to the invention, the step section projects at least in a partial area of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in a partial area of its foundation section lateral surface. In the case of a cuboid design of the foundation section and step section, this means that the step section which is arranged higher in the vertical direction preferably projects in the area of its front step section lateral surface over the step section arranged underneath. As already mentioned, the term "front" lateral surface refers to the arrangement of the lateral surface from the perspective of an observer who is climbing a staircase formed from prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention want. The front step section lateral surface of the step section arranged higher in the vertical direction is therefore located in the vertical direction above the step section top surface of the step section arranged lower in the vertical direction. With the help of a large number of such prefabricated stair step concrete parts, a staircase that is flush on both sides in the horizontal direction can be erected quickly and easily.
Besonders bevorzugt ragt der Stufenabschnitt mit seiner ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Mit Hilfe einer Mehrzahl solcher Treppenstufenbetonfertigteile kann eine einseitig bündige Treppe, die beispielsweise parallel zu einem Gebäudeflügel verläuft, problemlos und schnell errichtet werden.Particularly preferably, the step section projects with its first lateral step section lateral surface beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface. With the help of a plurality of such prefabricated stair step concrete parts, a staircase that is flush on one side and runs parallel to a building wing, for example, can be erected quickly and easily.
Besonders bevorzugt ragt der Stufenabschnitt in zwei Teilbereichen seiner Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über den Fundamentabschnitt in entsprechenden Teilbereichen von dessen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Bevorzugt ragt der Stufenabschnitt mit seiner vorderen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus und der Stufenabschnitt ragt mit seiner ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus.Particularly preferably, the step section projects in two partial areas of its step section lateral surface beyond the foundation section in corresponding partial areas of its foundation section lateral surface. Preferably, the step section projects with its front step section lateral surface beyond the front foundation section lateral surface and the step section projects with its first lateral step section lateral surface beyond the first lateral foundation section lateral surface.
Gemäß einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ragt der Stufenabschnitt zusätzlich mit seiner zweiten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die zweite seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Bei diesen Ausführungsformen ragt der Stufenabschnitt also an bis zu drei Seiten über den Fundamentabschnitt hinaus. Der oben bereits beschriebene schwebende Eindruck der übereinander angeordneten Treppenstufen kann somit immer besser realisiert werden.According to a further preferred embodiment, the step section additionally protrudes with its second lateral step section lateral surface beyond the second lateral foundation section lateral surface. In these embodiments, the step section protrudes beyond the foundation section on up to three sides. The floating impression of the steps arranged one above the other, already described above, can thus be achieved better and better.
Gemäß einer weiteren, ganz besonders bevorzugten Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung ragt der Stufenabschnitt auch mit seiner hinteren Stufenabschnittmantelfläche über die hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche hinaus. Das Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil weist in diesem Fall ein "pilzartiges" Aussehen auf, wobei auf einem säulenartigen Fundamentabschnitt ein in jede Richtung vorspringender Stufenabschnitt angeordnet ist.According to a further, particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step section also protrudes with its rear step section lateral surface beyond the rear foundation section lateral surface. In this case, the prefabricated stair step concrete part has a “mushroom-like” appearance, with a step section projecting in every direction being arranged on a column-like foundation section.
Bevorzugt ist nicht nur ein einziges langgestrecktes Armierungselement in dem Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil vorgesehen, sondern eine Mehrzahl an langgestreckten Armierungselementen. Zumindest zwei, bevorzugt zumindest drei, besonders bevorzugt zumindest vier dieser langgestreckten Armierungselemente weisen einen im Fundamentabschnitt angeordneten Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt und einen im Stufenabschnitt angeordneten Stufenarmierungsabschnitt auf. Stufenabschnitt und Fundamentabschnitt des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteil sind also statisch miteinander verbunden und können so mit hohen Gewichten belastet werden, ohne das ein Bruch im Bereich des Stufenteils befürchtet werden muss. Grundsätzlich kann je nach statischen Anforderungen einen im Wesentlichen beliebige Zahl an solchen Armierungselementen vorgesehen werden.Preferably, not only a single elongated reinforcing element is provided in the prefabricated concrete stair step part, but rather a plurality of elongated reinforcing elements. At least two, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four of these elongated reinforcing elements have a foundation reinforcing section arranged in the foundation section and an in Step reinforcement section arranged on the step section. The step section and foundation section of the prefabricated concrete step part are statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights without having to fear a break in the area of the step part. In principle, depending on the static requirements, essentially any number of such reinforcement elements can be provided.
Statische Anforderung können es zudem erforderlich machen, dass zusätzliche Armierungselemente vorgesehen werden, wobei sich jedes der zusätzlichen Armierungselemente entweder ausschließlich im Fundamentabschnitt oder ausschließlich im Stufenabschnitt erstreckt. Mehrere der langgestreckten Armierungselemente, welche einen im Fundamentabschnitt angeordneten Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt und einen im Stufenabschnitt angeordneten Stufenarmierungsabschnitt aufweisen, können durch solche, sich ausschließlich in einem der Abschnitte erstreckenden Armierungen in Art eines Armierungsrahmens miteinander verbunden werden. Solche Armierungsrahmen können sowohl im Fundamentabschnitt wie auch im Stufenabschnitt vorgesehen werden.Static requirements may also require that additional reinforcing elements be provided, with each of the additional reinforcing elements extending either exclusively in the foundation section or exclusively in the step section. Several of the elongated reinforcement elements, which have a foundation reinforcement section arranged in the foundation section and a step reinforcement section arranged in the step section, can be connected to one another in the manner of a reinforcement frame by reinforcements that extend exclusively in one of the sections. Such reinforcement frames can be provided both in the foundation section and in the step section.
Besonders bevorzugt ist das zumindest eine langgestreckte Armierungselement in seinem Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt im Wesentlichen linear ausgebildet und in seinem Stufenarmierungsabschnitt im Wesentlichen linear ausgebildet. Der Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt schließt mit dem Stufenarmierungsabschnitt einen Winkel zwischen 80° und 120°, insbesondere einen Winkel zwischen 85° und 100°, bevorzugt einen Winkel von rund 90°, ein. Diese Ausgestaltung kann sowohl bei einem Teil wie auch bei allen der Mehrzahl an langgestreckten Armierungselementen vorliegen. Durch den gebogenen Verlauf der Armierungselemente wird eine besonders gute und dauerhafte statische Verbindung und statische Belastbarkeit des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils erreicht.Particularly preferably, the at least one elongated reinforcing element is essentially linear in its foundation reinforcement section and essentially linear in its step reinforcement section. The foundation reinforcement section forms an angle between 80° and 120°, in particular an angle between 85° and 100°, preferably an angle of around 90°, with the step reinforcement section. This configuration can be present in part as well as in all of the plurality of elongated reinforcing elements. The curved course of the reinforcing elements achieves a particularly good and durable static connection and static load-bearing capacity of the prefabricated concrete stair step part.
Die vorliegende Erfindung umfasst außerdem eine Außentreppe bestehend aus zumindest drei Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen wie sie oben beschrieben sind. Bei Verwendung von erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen kann eine Außentreppe mit signifikant verringerter Bauzeit erstellt werden, was mit offensichtlichen ökonomischen Vorteilen verbunden ist.The present invention also includes an external staircase consisting of at least three prefabricated concrete stair step parts as described above. When using prefabricated stair step concrete parts according to the invention, an external staircase can be created with significantly reduced construction time, which is associated with obvious economic advantages.
Bevorzugt ist zwischen benachbarten Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen jeweils eine Entwässerungsfuge vorgesehen. Bei Verwendung einer Matte zwischen den beiden Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen wird eine Schattenfuge ausgebildet und Regenwasser kann zwischen den beiden Betonfertigteilen abfließen. Diese Ausführungsform ist zudem mit dem Vorteil verbunden, dass die gewünschte Stufenhöhe angepasst werden kann. Zu der Höhe des Stufenabschnitts kann mit einem variablen Betrag die Höhe der Schattenfuge addiert werden, wodurch bei Betonfertigteilen mit gleicher Höhe des Stufenabschnitts Treppen mit unterschiedlicher Stufenhöhe gefertigt werden können.A drainage joint is preferably provided between adjacent prefabricated concrete steps. When using a mat between the two prefabricated concrete steps, a shadow gap is formed and rainwater can flow away between the two prefabricated concrete parts. This embodiment also has the advantage that the desired step height can be adjusted. The height of the step section can be added to the height of the shadow gap with a variable amount can be added, which means that stairs with different step heights can be manufactured for prefabricated concrete parts with the same height of the step section.
Schließlich umfasst die vorliegende Erfindung auch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Außentreppe umfassend die Schritte
- a) Bereitstellen einer Mehrzahl von Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen wie oben beschrieben,
- b) Bilden von Vertiefungen im Untergrund in dem mit der Außentreppe auszustattenden Bereich,
- c) Einbringen eines Untergrundmaterials in die Vertiefungen,
- d) Einbringen des jeweiligen Fundamentabschnitts der Treppenstufenbetonfertigteile in das Untergrundmaterial und den Untergrund derart, dass die Stufenabschnittgrundfläche des in vertikaler Richtung höher angeordneten Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils oberhalb der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche des benachbarten, in vertikaler Richtung niedriger angeordneten Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils angeordnet ist.
- a) providing a plurality of prefabricated stair concrete parts as described above,
- b) forming depressions in the subsurface in the area to be equipped with the external staircase,
- c) introducing a subsurface material into the depressions,
- d) Introducing the respective foundation section of the prefabricated stair step concrete parts into the subsurface material and the subsurface in such a way that the step section base area of the prefabricated stair step concrete part which is arranged higher in the vertical direction is arranged above the step section cover surface of the adjacent prefabricated concrete stair step part which is arranged lower in the vertical direction.
Bei dem in Schritt c) in die Vertiefungen eingebrachten Untergrundmaterial handelt es sich bevorzugt um Sandbeton.The substrate material introduced into the depressions in step c) is preferably sand concrete.
Aufgrund der Verwendung von erfindungsgemäßen Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen kann die Außentreppe in einer signifikant verringerten Bauzeit erstellt werden, was mit offensichtlichen ökonomischen Vorteilen verbunden ist.Due to the use of prefabricated stair step concrete parts according to the invention, the external staircase can be constructed in a significantly reduced construction time, which is associated with obvious economic advantages.
Die Erfindung soll nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen im Zusammenhang mit den Zeichnungen näher erläutert werden. Es wird aber ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass die Erfindung nicht auf die angegebenen Beispiele beschränkt sein soll. Es zeigen
- Fig. 1
- in schematischer Darstellung eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils gemäß der Erfindung;
- Fig. 2
- in schematischer Darstellung eine Seitenansicht des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils aus
Figur 1 ; - Fig. 3
- in schematischer Darstellung eine perspektivische Ansicht einer aus Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen gemäß der Erfindung gefertigten Außentreppe mit drei Stufen;
- Fig. 4
- in schematischer Darstellung eine perspektivische Ansicht einer aus Treppenstufenbetonfertigteilen gemäß der Erfindung gefertigten Außentreppe mit mehreren Stufen.
- Fig. 1
- a schematic representation of a perspective view of a prefabricated concrete step part according to the invention;
- Fig. 2
- A schematic representation of a side view of the prefabricated concrete step part
Figure 1 ; - Fig. 3
- a schematic representation of a perspective view of an external staircase with three steps made from prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention;
- Fig. 4
- a schematic representation of a perspective view of an external staircase with several steps made from prefabricated concrete steps according to the invention.
Die
Der Fundamentabschnitt F weist eine zur Auflage auf den Untergrund vorgesehene Fundamentabschnittgrundfläche Fg und eine Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche auf. Die Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche umfasst in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eine vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fv, eine an die vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fv anschließende erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs1, eine an die erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs1 anschließende und der vorderen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fv gegenüberliegende hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fh und eine an die hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fh anschließende und der ersten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs1 gegenüberliegende zweite seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs2.The foundation section F has a foundation section base area Fg intended to rest on the ground and a foundation section lateral surface. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the foundation section lateral surface comprises a front foundation section lateral surface Fv, a first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 adjoining the front foundation section lateral surface Fv, a rear foundation section lateral surface Fh adjoining the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 and opposite the front foundation section lateral surface Fv, and a rear foundation section lateral surface Fh adjoining and the second lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs2 opposite the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1.
Der Stufenabschnitt S weist eine als Trittfläche vorgesehene Stufenabschnittdeckfläche Sd, eine der Stufenabschnittdeckfläche Sd gegenüberliegende Stufenabschnittgrundfläche Sg und eine Stufenabschnittmantelfläche auf. Die Stufenabschnittmantelfläche umfasst in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel eine vordere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Sv, eine an die vordere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Sv anschließende erste seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss1, eine an die erste seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss1 anschließende und der vorderen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Sv gegenüberliegende hintere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Sh und eine an die hintere Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Sh anschließende und der ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss1 gegenüberliegende zweite seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss2.The step section S has a step section cover surface Sd provided as a tread surface, a step section base surface Sg opposite the step section cover surface Sd and a step section lateral surface. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the step section lateral surface comprises a front step section lateral surface Sv, a first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 adjoining the front step section lateral surface Sv, a rear step section lateral surface Sh adjoining the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 and opposite the front step section lateral surface Sv and a rear step section lateral surface Sh adjoining and the second lateral step section lateral surface Ss2 opposite the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1.
Der Fundamentabschnitt F wird zur Bildung einer Außentreppe in den Untergrund eingebracht und dort verankert. Im Fundamentabschnitt F ist eine Aussparung vorgesehen, welche zum einen Material spart und zum anderen die Verlegung von Kabel und Rohren ermöglicht.The foundation section F is inserted into the ground to form an external staircase and anchored there. A recess is provided in the foundation section F, which on the one hand saves material and on the other hand enables the laying of cables and pipes.
Aus der
Die horizontale Ausdehnung hAF des Fundamentabschnitts F erstreckt sich von der ersten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs1 bis zu der zweiten seitlichen Fundamentabschnittmantelfläche Fs2 und beträgt in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel 30 cm.The horizontal extent hAF of the foundation section F extends from the first lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs1 to the second lateral foundation section lateral surface Fs2 and is 30 cm in the exemplary embodiment shown.
Die horizontale Ausdehnung hAS des Stufenabschnitts S erstreckt sich von der ersten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss1 bis zu der zweiten seitlichen Stufenabschnittmantelfläche Ss2. Die horizontale Ausdehnung hAS des Stufenabschnitts S ist in dem gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel identisch mit der horizontalen Ausdehnung hAF des Fundamentabschnitts F und beträgt ebenfalls 30 cm.The horizontal extent hAS of the step section S extends from the first lateral step section lateral surface Ss1 to the second lateral step section lateral surface Ss2. The horizontal extent hAS of the step section S in the exemplary embodiment shown is identical to the horizontal extent hAF of the foundation section F and is also 30 cm.
In
Das Armierungselement A ist sowohl in seinem Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt FA wie auch in seinem Stufenarmierungsabschnitt SA im Wesentlichen linear ausgebildet, wobei der Fundamentarmierungsabschnitt FA mit dem Stufenarmierungsabschnitt SA einen Winkel von rund 90° einschließt. Das Armierungselement A erstreckt sich also sowohl in den Fundamentabschnitt F wie auch in den Stufenabschnitt S. Die beiden Abschnitte S, F des Treppenstufenbetonfertigteils T sind also statisch miteinander verbunden und können so mit hohen Gewichten belastet werden.The reinforcing element A is designed to be essentially linear both in its foundation reinforcement section FA and in its step reinforcement section SA, with the foundation reinforcement section FA having one with the step reinforcement section SA Includes angles of around 90°. The reinforcing element A therefore extends into both the foundation section F and the step section S. The two sections S, F of the prefabricated stair step concrete part T are therefore statically connected to one another and can therefore be loaded with high weights.
Schließlich zeigt die
- AA
- ArmierungselementeReinforcement elements
- FF
- FundamentabschnittFoundation section
- FAFA
- FundamentarmierungsabschnittFoundation reinforcement section
- FgFg
- FundamentabschnittgrundflächeFoundation section footprint
- FhFh
- hintere Fundamentabschnittmantelflächerear foundation section lateral surface
- Fs1Fs1
- erste seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelflächefirst lateral foundation section lateral surface
- Fs2Fs2
- zweite seitliche Fundamentabschnittmantelflächesecond lateral foundation section lateral surface
- FvFv
- vordere Fundamentabschnittmantelflächefront foundation section lateral surface
- hAFhAF
- horizontale Ausdehnung des Fundamentabschnittshorizontal extent of the foundation section
- hAShAS
- horizontale Ausdehnung des Stufenabschnittshorizontal extent of the step section
- SS
- StufenabschnittStep section
- SASAT
- StufenarmierungsabschnittStep reinforcement section
- SdSd
- StufenabschnittdeckflächeStep section cover surface
- SgSg
- StufenabschnittgrundflächeStep section footprint
- ShSh
- hintere Stufenabschnittmantelflächerear step section lateral surface
- Ss1SS1
- erste seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelflächefirst lateral step section lateral surface
- Ss2SS2
- zweite seitliche Stufenabschnittmantelflächesecond lateral step section lateral surface
- SvSv
- vordere Stufenabschnittmantelflächefront step section lateral surface
- TT
- TreppenstufenbetonfertigteilPrefabricated stair step concrete part
- vAFvAF
- vertikale Ausdehnung des Fundamentabschnittsvertical extent of the foundation section
- vASvAS
- vertikale Ausdehnung des Stufenabschnittsvertical extent of the step section
Claims (14)
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) comprising a foundation section (F) and a step section (S),wherein the foundation section (F) comprises- a foundation section base surface (Fg) provided to rest on the subsoil, and- a foundation section shell surface,wherein the step section (S) comprises:- a step section cover surface (Sd) provided as a tread surface,- a step section base surface (Sg) opposite the step section cover surface (Sd), and- a step section shell surface,wherein the foundation section (F) is designed and configured for anchoring the prefabricated concrete step (T) in the subsoil,wherein the step section (S), at least in a partial area of its step section shell surface, projects beyond the foundation section (F) in a partial area of the foundation section shell surface thereof,wherein the prefabricated concrete step (T) comprises elongated reinforcing elements (A),wherein at least one of the elongated reinforcing elements (A) comprises a foundation reinforcing section (FA) arranged in the foundation section (F) and a step reinforcing section (SA) arranged in the step section (S),characterized in thatthe vertical extent (vAF) of the foundation section (F) extending from the foundation section base surface (Fg) to the step section base surface (Sg) is at least 40 cm.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to claim 1, characterized in that the foundation section (F) and/or the step section (S) is designed as a cylinder, in particular as a right circular cylinder or elliptical cylinder, or as a prism, in particular as a right prism.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the foundation section (F) is designed as a cone with a circular base surface, in particular as a truncated cone with a circular base surface, as a cone with an elliptical base surface, in particular as a truncated cone with an elliptical base surface, or as a cone with a polygonal base surface, in particular as a pyramid or truncated pyramid.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the foundation section shell surface comprises a plurality of planar foundation section shell partial surfaces and/or the step section shell surface comprises a plurality of planar step section shell partial surfaces.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the foundation section (F) comprises- a foundation section base surface (Fg) provided to rest on the subsoil,- a front foundation section shell surface (Fv),- a first lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs1) adjoining the front foundation section shell surface (Fv),- a rear foundation section shell surface (Fh) adjoining the first lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs1) opposite the front foundation section shell surface (Fv), and- a second lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs2) adjoining the rear foundation section shell surface (Fh) opposite the first lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs1),wherein the step section (S) comprises- a step section cover surface (Sd) provided as a tread surface,- a step section base surface (Sg) opposite the step section cover surface (Sd),- a front step section shell surface (Sv),- a first lateral step section shell surface (Ss1) adjoining the front step section shell surface (Sv),- a rear step section shell surface (Sh) adjoining the first lateral step section shell surface (Ss1) opposite the front step section shell surface (Sv), and- a second lateral step section shell surface (Ss2) adjoining the rear step section shell surface (Sh) opposite the first lateral step section shell surface (Ss1),wherein the step section (S) projects beyond the front foundation section shell surface (Fv), at least with its front step section shell surface (Sv).
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the horizontal extent (hAF) of the foundation section (F) extending from the first lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs1) to the second lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs2) is at least 15 cm, preferably at least 20 cm, particularly preferably at least 30 cm,
and/or
the vertical extent (vAF) of the foundation section (F) extending from the foundation section base surface (Fg) to the step section base surface (Sg) is at least 60 cm, preferably at least 80 cm. - Prefabricated concrete step section (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the horizontal extent (hAS) of the step section (S) extending from the first lateral step section shell surface (Ss1) to the second lateral step section shell surface (Ss2) is at least 80 cm, preferably at least 120 cm, particularly preferably at least 150 cm.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the vertical extent (vAS) of the step section (S) extending from the step section base surface (Sg) to the step section cover surface (Sd) is at least 5 cm, preferably at least 10 cm, particularly preferably at least 15 cm.
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the step section (S) projects with its first lateral step section shell surface (Ss1) beyond the first lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs1)
and/orthe step section (S) projects with its second lateral step section shell surface (Ss2) beyond the second lateral foundation section shell surface (Fs2),
and/orthe step section (S) projects with its rear step section shell surface (Sh) beyond the rear foundation section shell surface (Fh). - Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a plurality of elongated reinforcing elements (A) is provided, wherein at least two, preferably at least three, particularly preferably at least four of the elongated reinforcing elements (A) comprise a foundation reinforcing section (FA) arranged in the foundation section (F) and a step reinforcing section (SA) arranged in the step section (S).
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that additional reinforcing elements are provided, wherein each of the additional reinforcing elements extends either exclusively in the foundation section (F) or exclusively in the step section (S).
- Prefabricated concrete step (T) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the at least one elongated reinforcement element (A) is substantially linearly formed in its foundation reinforcement section (FA) and is substantially linearly formed in its step reinforcement section (SA), wherein the foundation reinforcement section (FA) and the step reinforcement section (SA) enclose an angle of between 80° and 120°, in particular an angle of between 85° and 100°, preferably an angle of around 90°.
- Outdoor staircase consisting of at least three prefabricated concrete steps (T) according to any one of claims 1 to 12.
- Outdoor staircase according to claim 13, characterized in that a drainage joint is provided between adjacent prefabricated concrete steps (T).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102020123285.3A DE102020123285A1 (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Precast concrete stair part |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3967827A1 EP3967827A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
EP3967827C0 EP3967827C0 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
EP3967827B1 true EP3967827B1 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
Family
ID=80215896
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP21195312.0A Active EP3967827B1 (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-09-07 | Prefabricated concrete step |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP3967827B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE102020123285A1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL3967827T3 (en) |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN112523444A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司 | Ultra-high performance concrete prefabricated light and thin stair step and assembly and connection process thereof |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH152528A (en) | 1930-12-15 | 1932-02-15 | Bidal Charles | Reinforced concrete stair tread, method for its manufacture and device for implementing said method. |
US3813831A (en) * | 1973-07-26 | 1974-06-04 | J Tate | Precast garden steps |
FR2307448A7 (en) | 1975-04-08 | 1976-11-05 | Remacle Sa Ets J H | Structurally self supporting stairs - are made of prefabricated units each of stair width and riser height bolted together |
DE7610754U1 (en) | 1976-04-07 | 1976-10-14 | Stabilus Gmbh, 5400 Koblenz | Gas spring as an electrical conductor |
DE2837452C2 (en) * | 1978-08-28 | 1983-06-30 | Vereinigte Steinwerke Gmbh, 4300 Essen | One-piece step made of stone or the like for a prefabricated staircase |
DE9211796U1 (en) | 1992-09-02 | 1992-11-12 | Schmidt, Günter, 4010 Hilden | Concrete block for the formation of stairs, walls and partitions |
ATE283405T1 (en) * | 1999-01-08 | 2004-12-15 | Kombilith Gmbh Entwicklung & Verwertung | STAIR STEPS ELEMENT |
KR200410085Y1 (en) * | 2005-12-14 | 2006-03-06 | 김명선 | Prefabricated Concrete Stairs |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 DE DE102020123285.3A patent/DE102020123285A1/en not_active Ceased
-
2021
- 2021-09-07 EP EP21195312.0A patent/EP3967827B1/en active Active
- 2021-09-07 PL PL21195312.0T patent/PL3967827T3/en unknown
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CN112523444A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 中建西部建设建材科学研究院有限公司 | Ultra-high performance concrete prefabricated light and thin stair step and assembly and connection process thereof |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP3967827C0 (en) | 2023-11-08 |
DE102020123285A1 (en) | 2022-03-10 |
PL3967827T3 (en) | 2024-03-25 |
EP3967827A1 (en) | 2022-03-16 |
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