Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
  • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
  • F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
  • F17C3/025—Bulk storage in barges or on ships
  • F17C3/027—Wallpanels for so-called membrane tanks
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/01—Shape
  • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
  • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
  • F17C2201/05—Size
  • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
  • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
  • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
  • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
  • F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
  • F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
  • F17C2205/018—Supporting feet
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
  • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
  • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
  • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
  • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
  • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
  • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
  • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
  • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
  • F17C2260/01—Improving mechanical properties or manufacturing
  • F17C2260/011—Improving strength
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
  • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
  • F17C2270/00—Applications
  • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
  • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
  • F17C2270/0105—Ships
  • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

• the invention relates to the field of sealed and thermally insulating tanks with membranes.
• the invention relates in particular to the field of tanks for the storage and / or transport of liquefied gas at low temperature, such as tanks for the transport of Liquefied Petroleum Gas (also called LPG) having for example a temperature between -50 ° C and 0 ° C, or for the transport of Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) at approximately -162 ° C at atmospheric pressure.
• LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
• LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
• Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are known, for example in document WO2016 / 001142. Such a vessel is located inside a load-bearing wall, for example the hull of a ship, and attached to it.
• the sealed and thermally insulating tank has a multi-layered structure superimposed in a thickness direction comprising a waterproofing membrane and a thermally insulating barrier disposed between the waterproofing membrane and the load-bearing wall.
• the waterproofing membrane is therefore welded in a sealed manner to the sump structure in order to form a sealed continuity of the tank at the level of the sump.
• the corrugations are able to deform to compensate for the contraction or thermal expansion of the waterproofing membrane.
• the waterproofing membrane which is attached to a sump structure must also be able to be able to deform in this area.
• This problem also applies to all hollow structures passing through a vessel wall, such as the gas dome or support structure for loading / unloading masts.
• An idea underlying the invention is to improve the attachment of a waterproofing membrane to a rigid hollow structure, and in particular to a sump structure, a vapor collector or a support foot.
• the invention provides a sealed and thermally insulating vessel for the storage of a liquefied gas, the vessel comprising a vessel wall fixed to a supporting wall, the vessel wall comprising a structure with multiple layers superimposed in it. a thickness direction including at least one waterproofing membrane and at least one thermally insulating barrier disposed between the bearing wall and the waterproofing membrane, the waterproofing membrane comprising a plurality of corrugated metal sheets welded to each other in a sealed manner, the thermally insulating barrier comprising a plurality of juxtaposed insulating panels each having an internal face which forms a support surface for the waterproofing membrane, the waterproofing membrane and the thermally insulating barrier being interrupted in a singular zone by a window metal anchoring plates being fixed to the internal faces of the insulating panels and the corrugated metal sheets having edges welded to the anchoring plates to retain the waterproofing membrane against the support surface, the vessel comprising a hollow structure inserted into the window, the hollow structure being arranged through the thickness of the vessel wall, in which
• the metal closure plate makes it possible to achieve a tight junction between the waterproofing membrane and the hollow structure.
• the metal closure plate being left free with respect to the thermally insulating barrier, this allows the corrugations near the hollow structure not to be fixed on a plurality of fastening areas close together. The corrugations can thus deform and absorb the thermal expansion and contraction of the vessel wall.
• such a tank may include one or more of the following characteristics.
• the tank wall is a bottom wall of the tank.
• the vessel wall is a wall of the ceiling of the vessel.
• the closure plate has at least two portions welded to each other by overlapping, preferably exactly two portions.
• the tank comprises a non-weldable thermal protective coating located between the metal closure plate and the thermally insulating barrier at least in an area where the sealing membrane covers the closure plate, to avoid damaging the seal. internal face of the insulating panels by making the weld between the metal closure plate and the waterproofing membrane.
• the thermal protection coating allows while protecting the insulation panels from welding temperatures to prevent accidental welding between the metal closure plate and the thermal insulation barrier.
• the hollow structure has a rigid envelope and a flange projecting outwardly all around the rigid envelope.
• the rigid casing can constitute a vapor collector, in particular in a ceiling wall of the tank, or a support foot for an unloading pump, in particular in a bottom wall of the tank.
• the internal edge of the metal closure plate is welded to the edge of the rigid casing all around the rigid casing
• the hollow structure comprises a rigid container comprising a side wall and a rim projecting outwardly from the container all around the side wall.
• the internal edge of the metal closure plate is welded to the rim of the container all around the side wall of the container,
• the hollow structure is part of a sump structure or a gas dome, or a support structure for the loading / unloading masts.
• the container or the rigid casing has a cylindrical shape
• the window of the sealing membrane has a square shape and in which the closure plate has a square shape with a dimension on one side of the membrane.
• the waterproofing membrane in a zone of the tank remote from the singular zone, has a first series of equidistant parallel rectilinear corrugations extending in a first direction of the plane of the bearing wall and a second series equidistant parallel rectilinear undulations extending in a second direction of the plane of the supporting wall, the second direction being perpendicular to the first direction, the distance between two adjacent corrugations of the first series and the distance between two adjacent corrugations of the second series being equal to a predetermined ripple interval io.
• At least one, some or the corrugated metal sheets have rectangular shapes whose sides are parallel respectively to the first direction and the second direction of the plane of the supporting wall and whose dimensions are substantially equal to multiples. integers of the corrugation interval 10, at least one or each edge of a corrugated metal sheet being located between two adjacent corrugations parallel to said edge.
• the closure plate is oriented so as to include a side parallel to the first direction and another side parallel to the second direction, each side being of a dimension less than or equal to 3io, preferably equal to 3io, and wherein the closure plate interrupts at least one, preferably two corrugations of the sealing membrane in the first direction and at least one, preferably two corrugations of the sealing membrane in the second direction.
• a corrugation directly adjacent to the corrugation interrupted by the closure plate has a singular portion which is offset at a distance from the closure plate with respect to a guideline of said corrugation outside of it. the singular zone, so as not to be interrupted by the closure plate.
• the deflection of certain corrugations in order to avoid being interrupted by the closure plate optimizes the flexibility of the waterproofing membrane, in particular to deform during contraction or thermal expansion.
• the waterproofing membrane comprises, on either side of the closure plate in the first direction, two indented rectangular corrugated metal sheets having the dimension 1io in the first direction and 7io in the second direction, said scalloped sheets being symmetrical to each other with respect to an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction passing through the center of the window, and in which each scalloped sheet has an inner edge welded to the closure plate and comprising a notch provided to avoid cutting the window, said notch having a dimension of 110 in the first direction and a dimension of 30 in the second direction so that the notched inner edge runs alongside the window.
• scalloped sheets allow to match the shape of the closure plate in order to form an optimum continuity with the membrane.
• At least one of or each scalloped sheet has an outer edge opposite the inner edge scalloped in the first direction, the outer edge being welded to an adjacent corrugated metal sheet by overlapping and in which at the weld of the outer edge of the indented sheet with the adjacent corrugated metal sheet, the tank has a non-weldable thermal protective coating on the thermally insulating barrier.
• the thermal protection coating allows while protecting the insulation boards from welding temperatures to prevent accidental welding. between the indented metal sheet and the adjacent corrugated metal sheet.
• the thermal protective coating is made of a composite material comprising at least one layer of fiberglass attached to, preferably sewn to, an aluminum sheet.
• the waterproofing membrane is a primary waterproofing membrane
• the thermally insulating barrier is a primary thermally insulating barrier
• the insulating panels are primary insulating panels
• the tank wall comprises a thermally insulating barrier.
• secondary located against the load-bearing wall and also comprises a secondary waterproofing membrane located between the secondary thermally insulating barrier and the primary thermally insulating barrier, in which the secondary waterproofing membrane and the secondary thermally insulating barrier being interrupted in the singular zone by the window.
• the container is a primary container
• the rim is a first rim
• the sump structure includes a rigid secondary container surrounding the primary container so that a lower part of the primary container is located in the secondary container, the secondary container comprising a side wall and a second rim projecting outwardly from the secondary container all around the side wall of the secondary container, wherein the second rim of the secondary container extends in a plane coincident with a plane formed by the secondary waterproofing membrane, the second rim being configured to be sealingly attached to the secondary waterproofing membrane.
• the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises a plurality of relaxation slots located in line with the corrugations of the primary waterproofing membrane and being configured to allow the primary waterproofing membrane to deform without imposing any stress. to the primary thermally insulating barrier.
• the secondary thermally insulating barrier and the secondary receptacle of the sump structure are spaced from one another by an adjustment chimney and in which the primary thermally insulating barrier comprises slits relaxation, at least part of the relaxation slots of the primary thermally insulating barrier being interrupted in the singular zone to the right of the control chimney, in particular interrupted in the area where a corrugation of the primary waterproofing membrane surmounts the chimney of setting.
• the waterproofing membrane, one of the waterproofing membranes or the waterproofing membranes are made of a metal from among stainless steel, aluminum, Invar ®: that is, i.e. an alloy of iron and nickel whose coefficient of expansion is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 , or an iron alloy with a high manganese content whose coefficient of expansion is l 'order of 7 to 9.10 -6 K -1 .
• the hollow structure comprises at least one fixing means arranged to fix the rigid casing or the container or the second container to the supporting wall at an attachment point of the side wall.
• At least one fixing means is configured to allow a relative movement of the side wall of the container or of the rigid casing with respect to the supporting wall in a transverse direction perpendicular to the side wall at the point of attachment. of the container or of the rigid envelope, the relative displacement being greater than 1 mm, for example between 1 and 5 mm.
• the hollow structure comprises a plurality of fixing means distributed regularly or irregularly around the circumference of the container or of the rigid casing, for example three or four fixing means.
• Such a tank can be part of an onshore storage installation, for example to store LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an LNG vessel, a floating storage and regasification unit (FSRU). , a floating production and storage unit (FPSO) and others.
• FSRU floating storage and regasification unit
• FPSO floating production and storage unit
• Such a tank can also serve as a fuel tank in any type of vessel.
• a ship for transporting a cold liquid product comprises a double hull and a said tank arranged in the double hull.
• the invention also provides a transfer system for a cold liquid product, the system comprising the aforementioned vessel, insulated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank installed in the hull of the vessel to a floating storage installation. or terrestrial and a pump for driving a flow of cold liquid product through the insulated pipes from or towards the floating or terrestrial storage installation towards or from the vessel of the vessel.
• the invention also provides a method for loading or unloading such a ship, in which a cold liquid product is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or land storage installation to or from the vessel tank.
• Figure 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a sump structure integrated into a bottom wall of a tank along line II of Figure 5.
• Figure 2 shows a top view of the bottom wall of the tank where the primary waterproofing membrane and the sump structure have been omitted.
• Figure 3 shows a top view of the bottom wall of the tank where the primary waterproofing membrane has been omitted.
• Figure 4 shows a partial sectional view of the bottom wall of the tank along line IV-IV of Figure 3.
• Figure 5 is a top view of the bottom wall of the tank, showing a wider area than Figures 2 and 3.
• FIG. 6 is a cut-away schematic representation of an LNG vessel tank and of a loading / unloading terminal for this tank.
• a sealed and thermally insulating tank 71 comprising a sump structure 9 that can be used in the bottom wall 2 of an LNG storage and / or transport tank.
• the bottom wall 2 designates a wall 2, preferably generally flat, located at the bottom of the tank relative to the earth's gravity field.
• the general geometry of the tank can also be of different types. Polyhedral geometries are the most common.
• the vessel wall 2 is mounted on a load-bearing wall 1, made for example of thick sheet steel such as the internal hull of a double-hull ship 70.
• the tank wall 2 has a multilayer structure successively including a secondary thermal insulation barrier 6 fixed to the supporting wall 1, for example with the interposition of beads of mastic, a secondary waterproofing membrane 5 supported by the thermal insulation barrier secondary 6, a primary thermal insulation barrier 4 covering the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 and a primary waterproofing membrane 3 supported by the primary thermal insulation barrier 4.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 3 is intended to be in contact with the liquefied natural gas contained in the tank 71.
• the thermally insulating barriers 4, 6 can be made in many ways, in many materials.
• the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 comprises a plurality of secondary insulating panels 12 which are anchored to the supporting wall 1 by means of retaining devices (not shown) known elsewhere.
• the primary thermally insulating barrier 4 also includes a plurality of primary insulating panels 11 which are attached to the secondary insulating panels 12 or to the load-bearing wall 1 using retainers (not shown).
• the insulating panels 11, 12 of these thermally insulating barriers 4, 6 jointly form flat support surfaces 13 for the waterproofing membranes 3, 5.
• Such insulating panels 11, 12 are for example made of blocks of polyurethane foam.
• Such insulating panels 11, 12 made from blocks of polyurethane foam may further include a cover plate and / or a bottom plate, for example made of plywood.
• the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 is formed from a composite material comprising an aluminum sheet sandwiched between two sheets of glass fiber fabric.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 3 is for its part obtained by assembling a plurality of corrugated metal sheets 8, welded to each other along their edges, and comprising corrugations 9, 10 extending in two perpendicular directions, namely a first series of corrugations 9 and a second series of corrugations 10.
• the two series of corrugations 9, 10 may have regular spacing or periodic irregular spacing.
• the metal sheets are, for example, made of stainless steel or aluminum sheets, shaped by bending or by stamping.
• the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 may also include a continuous layer of metal strakes, with raised edges.
• the strakes are welded by their raised edges on parallel welding supports which are fixed in grooves made on the cover plates of the secondary insulating panels 7, 107.
• the strakes are, for example, made of Invar ®: that is, that is to say an alloy of iron and nickel, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically between 1.2.10 -6 and 2.10 -6 K -1 . It is also possible to use alloys of iron and manganese, the coefficient of expansion of which is typically of the order of 7 to 9.10 -6 K -1 .
• Figure 1 also shows a sump structure 15 inserted into a window 7.
• Window 7 interrupts the waterproofing membranes 3, 5 and the thermally insulating barriers 4, 6 in a singular zone.
• the window 7 is square in the area of the primary waterproofing membrane 3 while it is circular in the area of the thermally insulating barriers 4, 6 and the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 and the supporting wall 1.
• the sump structure 15 includes a first container 16 in communication with the interior of the tank 71, and a second container 17 surrounding the lower part of the first container 16.
• the first container 16 is continuously connected to the sealing membrane. primary 5 using a metal closure plate 23, the first container 16 and the metal closure plate 23 thus sealingly completing the primary waterproofing membrane 3.
• the second container 16 is connected in such a manner continues to the secondary waterproofing membrane 5, which it thus completes in a sealed manner.
• the first container 16 has a cylindrical side wall 18 whose axis is perpendicular to the carrier wall 1.
• a bottom wall parallel to the carrier wall 1 closes the cylindrical side wall 18 at its lower part.
• the second container 17 comprises a cylindrical side wall 18 whose axis is perpendicular to the bearing wall 1.
• a bottom wall parallel to the bearing wall 1 closes the cylindrical side wall 18 of the second container 17 at its lower part.
• the cylindrical side wall 18 of the second container 17 surrounds the cylindrical side wall 18 of the first container 16 at a distance therefrom.
• the side wall 18 of the second container 17 includes a second flange 20 protruding from the side wall 18 all around it towards the secondary waterproofing membrane 5.
• the edge of the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 delimiting the window 7 at the level of the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 is connected in a sealed manner to the second flange 20, for example by gluing, the second flange 20 coming to be placed partly under the secondary waterproofing membrane, as visible on the figure figure 1.
• the side wall 18 of the first container 16 comprises a first flange 19 projecting from the side wall 18 all around the latter towards the primary sealing membrane 3.
• the metal closure plate 23 is composed of two portions welded to each other by overlapping. An inner edge 24 of the metal closure plate 23 is sealed, i.e. with a continuous weld bead, to the first flange 19 all around the side wall 18 of the first container 16.
• the metal closure plate 23 has an outer edge 25 placed under the primary waterproofing membrane 3 so as to form an overlap zone, as shown in FIG. 6.
• the metallic closure plate 23 is thus welded in a sealed manner with the primary waterproofing membrane 3 at the overlap area.
• the metal closure plate 23 is not fixed to the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• the metal closure plate 23 has in this embodiment shown, a square shape complementary to the square window 7 of the membrane. primary seal 3.
• the metal closure plate 23 comprises an orifice 26 which has a shape complementary to the first container 16 so that the outline of the orifice 26 corresponding to the internal edge 24 of the plate is located on the first flange 19 .
• the space between the supporting wall 1 and the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 is a secondary space containing the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6.
• the space between the second container 17 and the supporting wall 1 is also a secondary space. Insulating materials are housed in the secondary space of the sump structure 15 to complete the secondary thermal insulation of the tank wall 2 at the level of the sump structure 15.
• the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 and the second receptacle 17 are liable to be in contact with the liquefied gas in the event of an accidental leak in the primary waterproofing membrane 3.
• the space between the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 and the primary waterproofing membrane 3 is a primary space containing the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• the space between the second container 17 and first container 16 is also a primary space. Insulating materials are housed in the primary space of the sump structure 15 to complete the primary thermal insulation of the tank wall 2 at the level of the sump structure 15. In fact, the primary waterproofing membrane 3 and the first container 16 are in contact with the LNG during use.
• Different insulating materials may be suitable to thus complete the primary and secondary thermal insulation, for example glass or rock wool, polymer foams, in particular polyurethane or PVC, balsa, plywood, and others.
• the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 and the secondary container 17 are spaced apart to form a control chimney 34. At the level of the control chimney 34, the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 is not supported. by the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6.
• the primary thermally insulating barrier 4 comprises a plurality of relaxation slots 33.
• the relaxation slots are located to the right of a corrugation 9, 10 of the primary waterproofing membrane 3. and allow the primary waterproofing membrane 3 to deform without imposing any stress on the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• the primary insulating panels 11 do not have relaxation slots 33 below the corrugations 9, 10 of the primary waterproofing membrane 3. Indeed, the secondary waterproofing membrane 5 which would be located between the adjustment chimney and a relaxation slit would risk being insufficiently maintained against the bending deformations by the barrier.
• Figure 2 shows a top view of the bottom wall 2 where the sump structure 15 and the primary waterproofing membrane 3 have been omitted in order to better visualize the structure of the bottom wall under these elements.
• a non-weldable thermal protection liner 27 is located between the metal closure plate 23 and the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• the thermal protection liner 27 located under the closure plate 23 may have a similar shape. to the shape of the closure plate 23 to provide thermal protection of the primary insulating panels 11 as shown in Figure 2.
• the thermal protection coating 27 may also be of a size larger than the closure plate 23 as shown in FIG. 4. This coating can be of a composite material such as the aforementioned secondary waterproofing membrane 5.
• Metal anchoring plates 14 are fixed to the internal faces of the primary insulating panels 11, for example screwed or riveted, so that the edges of the corrugated metal sheets 8 are welded to the anchoring plates 14 and thus fix the waterproofing membrane primary 3 to the primary thermally insulating barrier 4. These metal anchoring plates 14 are in particular illustrated in Figures 2 and 3.
• Figure 3 shows a top view of the bottom wall 2 where this time only the primary waterproofing membrane 3 has been omitted. In this figure, it is therefore possible to observe the placement of the metal closure plate 23 on the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• Figure 4 shows a sectional view of the wall of Figure 3 where it can be seen that the metal closure plate 23 is therefore supported in one part by the first flange 19 of the first container 16 and in the other part by the barrier thermally insulating primary 4.
• a top view of a bottom wall 2 shows the arrangement of the primary waterproofing membrane 3 around a sump structure 15 in the singular zone.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 3 has a first series of equidistant parallel rectilinear corrugations 9 extending along a first direction of the plane of the bearing wall and a second series of equidistant parallel rectilinear corrugations extending in a second direction of the plane of the bearing wall.
• the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction so that the two sets of undulations 9, 10 intersect at right angles.
• the distance between two adjacent corrugations of the first series 9 and the distance between two adjacent corrugations of the second series 10 are equal to a predetermined corrugation interval io, represented by the sign 28.
• the corrugated metal sheets 8 have rectangular shapes whose sides are parallel to the first direction and the second direction of the plane of the supporting wall 1, respectively, and whose dimensions are substantially equal to integer multiples of the corrugation interval io.
• the closure plate 23 is oriented so as to have one side parallel to the first direction and another side parallel to the second direction.
• each side of the closure plate 23 is of a dimension equal to 3io.
• the closure plate 23 interrupts two corrugations 9 of the primary sealing membrane 3 in the first direction and two corrugations 10 of the primary sealing membrane 3 in the second direction.
• the sump structure 15 could interrupt four corrugations in each direction which would decrease the flexibility of the primary waterproofing membrane 3 in the singular zone.
• the corrugations 9, 10 directly adjacent to the corrugations interrupted by the closure plate 23 have a singular portion 29 which is offset at a distance from the closure plate 23 with respect to a guideline of said corrugation outside the singular area.
• the singular portions 29 of the shifted waves are diverted from their direct line using wave deflection elements 30, as illustrated in Figure 5.
• the primary waterproofing membrane 3 comprises, on either side of the closure plate 23 in the first direction, two notched rectangular corrugated metal sheets 31 having the dimension 1io in the first direction and 7io in the second direction.
• the scalloped sheets 31 are symmetrical to each other with respect to an axis of symmetry parallel to the second direction passing through the center of the window 7.
• the scalloped sheets have an inner edge welded to the closure plate 23 and a notch 32 provided to avoid cutting the window 7 and in order to match the shape of the closure plate 23 with an overlap allowing the welding between the notched sheets and the closure plate.
• the notch 32 has a size of 10 in the first direction and a dimension of 30 in the second direction.
• the scalloped metal sheets 31 have an outer edge opposite the inner edge scalloped in the first direction.
• the outer edge is welded to an adjacent corrugated metal sheet 8 by overlapping.
• a non-weldable thermal protective coating 27 is placed on the primary thermally insulating barrier 4 as visible in FIGS. 2 and 3.
• the scalloped sheet 31 has only one corrugation 10 in the second direction due to its size.
• the thermal protective coating 27 here also plays a role of protection against high welding temperatures for the primary thermally insulating barrier 4.
• the secondary sealing membrane and the secondary thermally insulating barrier could be omitted.
• the technique which has been described above for making the connection between a primary waterproof membrane and a sump structure can also be used around any other hollow structure extending in the thickness of the tank wall, for example a manifold. gas or a support leg, in different types of tanks, for example in a tank with a single waterproof membrane, a double membrane tank for liquefied natural gas (LNG) in an onshore installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG vessel Or other.
• LNG liquefied natural gas
• a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
• the wall of the vessel 71 comprises a primary waterproof barrier intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary waterproof barrier arranged between the primary waterproof barrier and the double hull 72 of the ship, and two insulating barriers arranged respectively between the vessel. primary watertight barrier and the secondary watertight barrier and between the secondary watertight barrier and the double shell 72.
• loading / unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
• FIG. 6 represents an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
• the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising an arm. mobile 74 and a tower 78 which supports the mobile arm 74.
• the mobile arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
• the mobile swivel arm 74 adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers .
• a connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
• the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
• the latter comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
• the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a great distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
• pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps fitted to the shore installation 77 and / or pumps fitted to the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
• Loading And Unloading Of Fuel Tanks Or Ships (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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• 2019
  • 2019-03-26 FR FR1903169A patent/FR3094448B1/fr active Active
• 2020
  • 2020-03-25 EP EP20713894.2A patent/EP3948060A1/fr active Pending
  • 2020-03-25 CN CN202080024697.XA patent/CN113646574B/zh active Active
  • 2020-03-25 US US17/437,335 patent/US11719388B2/en active Active
  • 2020-03-25 JP JP2021557194A patent/JP7408679B2/ja active Active
  • 2020-03-25 SG SG11202109984Q patent/SG11202109984QA/en unknown
  • 2020-03-25 WO PCT/EP2020/058436 patent/WO2020193665A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2020-03-25 KR KR1020217030829A patent/KR20210141525A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation

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