EP3945182B1 - Becken mit gefliestem boden - Google Patents

Becken mit gefliestem boden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3945182B1
EP3945182B1 EP21171533.9A EP21171533A EP3945182B1 EP 3945182 B1 EP3945182 B1 EP 3945182B1 EP 21171533 A EP21171533 A EP 21171533A EP 3945182 B1 EP3945182 B1 EP 3945182B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
membrane
pool
reinforced
fiber
reinforced concrete
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Application number
EP21171533.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3945182A1 (de
Inventor
Anthony MANIEU
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Bassins Atypiques
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Bassins Atypiques
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Publication of EP3945182A1 publication Critical patent/EP3945182A1/de
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/0075—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete
    • E04H4/0087—Swimming or splash baths or pools made of concrete with walls prefabricated and floor cast in situ

Definitions

  • the technical field of the present invention is that of buried basins comprising a tiled bottom, as well as that of methods of manufacturing such basins.
  • the document KR 101918453 B1 describes such a basin.
  • a tile is one of the possible coverings for the bottom of an inground swimming pool. It allows you to create personalized decorations on the bottom of the pool, something that is not possible with a liner. The tiling gives the pool a durable aesthetic appearance and also allows easy cleaning of the bottom of the pool.
  • the invention is based on the creation of a fiber-reinforced concrete screed supporting the tiling, which screed is detached from the reinforced concrete foundation of the basin.
  • the combination of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed and the reinforced membrane constitutes a floating screed which separates the tiling from the foundation of the pool.
  • the tiling can work independently and sheltered from any deformation which could affect the foundation of the basin, for example a ground movement.
  • the invention makes it possible to prevent the tiles with which the bottom of the pool is provided from coming off the bottom of the pool.
  • the figure 1 shows a basin (1) comprising a foundation (2) consisting of a horizontal wall (2a) forming the bottom of the basin and a plurality of vertical walls (2b) forming the walls of the basin.
  • the basin walls can be masonry walls or shuttered concrete walls.
  • a reinforced concrete slab is first poured at least 15 cm thick over the entire footprint of the pool.
  • the concrete is generally reinforced by a welded mesh.
  • masonry construction elements such as concrete blocks, are raised on this raft.
  • Peripheral chaining and posts placed at an interval of about 2 meters are generally necessary in order to give the walls resistance under the effect of the pressure of the water which will be contained in the basin.
  • a reinforced concrete slab at least 15 cm thick is also first poured over the entire area of the pool.
  • the formwork is then placed on the inside and outside of the basin, generally in the form of two formwork panels placed face to face. Reinforcement intended to reinforce the concrete is placed in the space between the two formwork panels. Then the formwork is filled with concrete to form a veil of concrete. After drying, the concrete veil is stripped.
  • the formwork can also be left in place using the so-called “lost formwork” technique.
  • This technique uses, for example, PVC panels placed face to face and the space between the panels is filled with concrete.
  • the pool walls can also be made of hollow shuttering blocks.
  • the walls are built by stacking the hollow blocks. Irons are arranged horizontally on each level of blocks and are arranged vertically in the vertical edges of the basin. Once the hollow blocks are stacked, concrete is poured into the hollow volumes of the blocks.
  • the drain(s) are placed at a height of at least approximately 15 cm above the slab. Taking into account the thickness of the fiber-reinforced concrete slab, which is approximately 10 cm, and the thickness of the tiling, generally approximately 1 cm thick, the drain is located, once the pool is completed, at a distance of about 3 cm from the bottom of the basin.
  • the method according to the invention does not make it possible to provide for the presence of a drain on the bottom of the pool.
  • the presence of a bottom drain would require drilling through the different layers of materials arranged on the bottom of the pool, which is not desirable.
  • a concrete staircase is built on one of the sides of the basin, allowing access to the bottom of the basin.
  • the bottom and the walls of the pool are covered with the reinforced membrane.
  • This membrane is represented by the reference (4) on the figure 1 .
  • the felt (5) Prior to laying the reinforced membrane, the felt (5) will preferably have been placed against the walls of the pool.
  • This felt with a thickness that can range from 3 to 6 mm, preferably 4 mm, is sandwiched between the wall (2b) of the basin and the reinforced membrane (4). It is deformable along the direction of its thickness. Its deformation makes it possible to absorb part of the length (or width) of the peripheral tiles and therefore to prevent a stress from being exerted on the edge of the tiles located on the periphery of the tiling. Such a constraint could lead to their weakening, or even to a chipping of their edge.
  • felt therefore makes it possible, on the one hand, to avoid damaging the reinforced membrane located at the periphery of the tiling and, on the other hand, to dispense with the step of laying a mastic joint over the entire periphery of the basin.
  • the reinforced membrane covers the bottom, the walls and the staircase of the basin. On the one hand, it gives the pool its watertightness, ie it prevents the water in the pool from seeping into the structure serving as the pool's foundation. On the other hand, it makes it possible to separate the fiber-reinforced concrete screed from the structure serving as the foundation of the pool. It is held taut by means of rivets (6) placed on the bottom of the pool. The rivets make it possible to create sufficient tension on the strips of reinforced membrane so that they are well stretched to achieve the best finish on the peripheral seal which can be placed later.
  • the edges of the reinforced membrane can be welded to a rail (7) arranged along the periphery of the pool.
  • a reinforced membrane of the same color as that of the tiling which will be deposited in a later stage on the bottom of the pool Preferably, we choose a reinforced membrane of the same color as that of the tiling which will be deposited in a later stage on the bottom of the pool.
  • a reinforced membrane of the same color as that of the tiling which will be deposited in a later stage on the bottom of the pool.
  • the reinforced membrane can be made up of two layers of polychloride vinyl (PVC) enclosing fiberglass. Its thickness can be about 1.5 mm (150/100 th ) or about 2 mm (200/100 th ).
  • PVC polychloride vinyl
  • a polymeric membrane (8) for example a polyethylene membrane, commonly called a polyane membrane, is deposited on the surface of the reinforced membrane (4).
  • This membrane is waterproof. It protects the underlying reinforced membrane (4) and prevents the fiber-reinforced concrete screed (9) which will be deposited in the next step from being in direct contact with the reinforced membrane. It makes it possible to limit the risks of chemical attack on the reinforced membrane by the fiber-reinforced concrete screed.
  • the polymeric membrane extends over the entire surface of the bottom of the pool and rises vertically on the walls of the pool over a height (h) which is at least equal to the thickness of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed. A height of approximately 15 cm is generally sufficient for the polymeric membrane to protect the vertical edges of the reinforced membrane against the possible aggressive effects of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed.
  • the walls of the pool can be covered with a second polymeric membrane of an identical or different nature from that of the first polymeric membrane.
  • This second membrane is not represented on the figure 1 .
  • the edges of the second polymeric membrane can overlap the vertical edges of the first polymeric membrane over a length of about 15 cm.
  • the second polymeric membrane protects the edges of the first polymeric membrane against projections of liquid fiber-reinforced concrete which may occur during the subsequent step of pouring the fiber-reinforced concrete screed .
  • the first polymeric membrane is protected over a height corresponding to the thickness of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed.
  • the upper edge of the second polymeric membrane can be fixed to a hooking rail (7) arranged on the periphery of the basin.
  • the two polymeric membranes can be bonded.
  • the lower edge of the second polymeric membrane can be attached to the first polymeric membrane by an adhesive tape.
  • a fiber-reinforced concrete screed (9) with a thickness at least equal to about 10 cm is poured.
  • This concrete is characterized by the inclusion of fibers (10) of a synthetic or natural material in a concrete matrix. It can be a mixture of polypropylene fibers and polyethylene fibers. It can be cellulose fibers or glass fibers. These fibers replace the metal reinforcements of a "conventional" reinforced concrete and give the reinforced concrete a compressive or tensile strength equivalent to a conventional reinforced concrete.
  • Fibers suitable for the preparation of a fiber-reinforced concrete are the fibers manufactured by the company GCP applied technologies under the trade name STRUX® .
  • STRUX ® fibers are made of a mixture of polypropylene and polyethylene fibers with, for example, a length of 40 mm for STRUX ® 90/40 fibers and 32 mm for STRUX ® 75/32 fibers.
  • the trade name 90/40 corresponds to the length of 40 mm and the length to equivalent diameter ratio equal to 90.
  • the trade name 75/32 corresponds to the length of 32 mm and the length to equivalent diameter ratio equal to 75.
  • the quantity of fibers incorporated into the concrete ranges from 1.5 to 2.5 kg per m 3 of concrete, preferably 2 kg per m 3 .
  • the concrete can be of any type. It can be self-leveling concrete.
  • the concrete can be “ready-mixed concrete” prepared beforehand in a fixed installation (BPE plant) and transported to the place of use in mixer trucks.
  • the fiber-reinforced concrete screed preferably has a thickness of approximately at least 8 to 10 cm.
  • the absence of metal reinforcement in the fiber-reinforced concrete screed eliminates the risk of corrosion of the reinforcement of conventional reinforced concrete.
  • the fiber-reinforced concrete screed rests on the polymeric membrane which itself rests on the reinforced membrane.
  • the concrete screed is detached from the foundation of the pool like a floating floor which is not fixed directly and works independently of the slab. Thus, the risk is significantly reduced that deformations that the foundation of the basin could undergo will have repercussions on the fiber-reinforced concrete screed.
  • the first polymeric membrane which mainly served as protection against liquid fiber-reinforced concrete splashes, can be cut flush with the horizontal surface of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed. You can also cut the second polymeric membrane and remove it from the pool.
  • tiles (11) are laid on the surface of the fiber-reinforced concrete screed.
  • the nature of the tiles is not limited. They can be made of natural stone, slate, travertine, ceramic, porcelain stoneware, that is, a mixture of clay and silica pressed and fired at high temperature. Tiles that are particularly suitable for producing tiling are commercially available under the trade name “Bali dream”.
  • the tiles are fixed to the fiber-reinforced concrete screed (9) preferably using an epoxy adhesive.
  • the joints (12) between the tiles can also be made with an epoxy waterproof glue.
  • the basin can then be filled with water. It can be fresh water or chlorinated water in the case of a swimming pool.
  • the tiled bottom has the advantage of resisting chemical attacks caused by possible overdoses. of chlorine likely to form at the bottom of the pool during pool maintenance operations or by a pH that is too acidic. The tile does not come off. This prevents chemical attacks from degrading and deforming the membrane.
  • the Figure 2 represents a view of the completed basin.
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously be implemented for the construction of pools whose area is less than or equal to 10 m 2 , for example townhouse pools.
  • the invention can be applied to any shape of pool. This is generally a pool having a footprint of rectangular or square shape, but it is understood that the invention also applies to pools having a footprint of circular or oval shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Fencing (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
  • Seasonings (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Schwimmbecken (1) umfassend:
    a) ein Fundament (2), bestehend entweder aus einer Stahlbetonkonstruktion mit einer horizontalen Wand (2a) und mehreren vertikalen Wänden (2b) oder bestehend aus einer eine horizontale Wand (2a) bildenden Platte und einer auf der Platte aufgerichteten Mauerwerkskonstruktion die mehrerer vertikalen Wände (2b) bildet,
    b) eine verstärkte Membran (4), die zwei Polymerschichten umfasst, die eine Verstärkung umschließen, die aus Fasern eines organischen oder anorganischen Materials besteht, wobei die verstärkte Membran in Kontakt mit der horizontalen Wand des Fundaments und die mehreren vertikalen Wände des Fundaments steht,
    c) einen faserverstärkten Betonestrich (9) mit einer Betonmatrix, in der Fasern (10) aus einem polymeren Material eingebettet sind,
    d) eine zwischen dem Faserbetonestrich und der verstärkten Membran eingelegte Polymerfolie (8),
    e) eine Verkleidung, die aus einer Anordnung von Fliesen (11) besteht, die auf den faserverstärkten Betonestrich geklebt sind.
  2. Schwimmbecken nach Anspruch 1, bei dem der faserverstärkte Betonestrich (9) eine Dicke größer oder gleich 8 cm hat.
  3. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die verstärkte Membran (4) zwei Schichten aus Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) umfasst, die eine aus Glasfasern bestehende Verstärkung umschließen.
  4. Schwimmbecken nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Dicke der verstärkten Membran etwa 1,5 mm (150//100 oder etwa 2 mm (200/100) beträgt.
  5. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Polymermembran (8) aus Polyvinylchlorid (PVC) oder Polyethylen (PE) besteht.
  6. Schwimmbecken nach Anspruch 5, wobei die Dicke der Polymermembran etwa 0,75 mm (75/100) beträgt.
  7. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Fliesen durch einen Epoxidkleber auf dem faserverstärkten Betonestrich befestigt sind.
  8. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend ein Filz (5), der zwischen den vertikalen Wänden (2b) des Fundaments und der verstärkten Membran (4) angeordnet ist.
  9. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, das ein eigelassene Schwimmbecken ist.
  10. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, umfassend eine Fuge (13) zwischen den am Umfang der Fliesenanordnung angeordneten Fliesen und der verstärkten Membran (4).
  11. Schwimmbecken nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dessen Oberfläche kleiner oder gleich 15 m2, vorzugsweise kleiner oder gleich 10 m2 ist.
EP21171533.9A 2020-07-31 2021-04-30 Becken mit gefliestem boden Active EP3945182B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2008186A FR3113078B1 (fr) 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Bassin avec fond carrele

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3945182A1 EP3945182A1 (de) 2022-02-02
EP3945182B1 true EP3945182B1 (de) 2022-10-26

Family

ID=74045554

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21171533.9A Active EP3945182B1 (de) 2020-07-31 2021-04-30 Becken mit gefliestem boden

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3945182B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2941232T3 (de)
FR (1) FR3113078B1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1373166A (fr) * 1963-08-13 1964-09-25 Procédé de réalisation de bassins notamment à usage de piscine et bassins ainsi obtenus
FR2573802B1 (fr) * 1984-11-26 1988-07-15 Bach Philippe Piscine enterrable pourvue d'un coffrage
KR101918453B1 (ko) * 2018-07-23 2018-11-13 이공우 수영장

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3113078B1 (fr) 2022-06-24
ES2941232T3 (es) 2023-05-19
FR3113078A1 (fr) 2022-02-04
EP3945182A1 (de) 2022-02-02

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