EP3938578B1 - Procédé pour compacter un lit de ballast d'une voie ferrée - Google Patents

Procédé pour compacter un lit de ballast d'une voie ferrée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3938578B1
EP3938578B1 EP20705332.3A EP20705332A EP3938578B1 EP 3938578 B1 EP3938578 B1 EP 3938578B1 EP 20705332 A EP20705332 A EP 20705332A EP 3938578 B1 EP3938578 B1 EP 3938578B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
track
ballast
tamping
compaction step
layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP20705332.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3938578C0 (fr
EP3938578A1 (fr
Inventor
Gerard Lintz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Original Assignee
Plasser und Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP3938578A1 publication Critical patent/EP3938578A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3938578B1 publication Critical patent/EP3938578B1/fr
Publication of EP3938578C0 publication Critical patent/EP3938578C0/fr
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B27/00—Placing, renewing, working, cleaning, or taking-up the ballast, with or without concurrent work on the track; Devices therefor; Packing sleepers
    • E01B27/12—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track; Compacting track-carrying ballast
    • E01B27/13—Packing sleepers, with or without concurrent work on the track
    • E01B27/16—Sleeper-tamping machines
    • E01B27/17—Sleeper-tamping machines combined with means for lifting, levelling or slewing the track
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
    • E01B2203/00—Devices for working the railway-superstructure
    • E01B2203/12—Tamping devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for layer-by-layer compacting of a ballast bed of a track by means of a track-laying machine moving on the track, wherein ballast located below sleepers of the track is compacted in at least two layers one above the other by compacting a lower layer of ballast in a first compaction step and then in In a second compaction step, an upper layer of ballast lying above the lower layer of ballast is compacted by a tamping process, the lower layer of ballast and the upper layer of ballast being introduced together into the track before compaction.
  • a generic method is known with which a ballast bed of a track is compacted in layers.
  • a compaction unit is used in which horizontally aligned compaction plates are lowered between sleepers on the track. There, the compaction plates press on an exposed lower layer of gravel and compact it. An upper layer of gravel is then applied and compacted using a tamping process. In this way, gravel is gradually placed, leveled and compacted under the raised track.
  • a generic method for compacting a ballast bed in layers has also become known.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for compacting a ballast bed in layers that is simplified compared to the prior art.
  • ballast grains are simply set into vibration by lowering vibrating tamping picks of a tamping unit arranged on the track-laying machine in such a way that tamping pick plates arranged at the free ends of the tamping picks penetrate into the lower ballast layer and remain there for a predetermined period of time are held in position vibratingly, and that only in the second compaction step is there a side movement and gravel grains are set in vibration and moved by the vibrating tamping picks with the tamping pick plates penetrating the upper layer of gravel and being positioned relative to one another. It is important that there is no additional movement during the first compaction step. The structure of the gravel grains is compacted but not displaced.
  • the structure of the gravel grains in the upper layer is compacted and displaced during the second compaction step. This results in consistently good compaction for the entire layer of gravel below the sleepers.
  • the present invention is particularly useful in the area of switches because the simultaneous introduction of the ballast layers reduces the technical effort.
  • ballast is added to the track between the first and second compaction steps. This additional gravel is initially deposited between and on the sleepers. During the second compaction step, the volume changes in the ballast layers resulting from ballast compaction are compensated for.
  • An advantageous development of the invention provides that during the second compaction step the track is held in a desired position by means of a lifting/straightening unit. In this way, the track position is corrected. This occurs during a lifting process below the Threshold cavities. The provision of vibrating tamping picks causes gravel to be moved into these cavities.
  • the lower layer of gravel and the upper layer of gravel are placed with a total layer height of at least 200 mm.
  • the lower and upper gravel layers each reach a height of approximately 100 mm. At these layer heights, the present method delivers particularly good compaction results.
  • the tamping pick plates penetrate completely into the lower gravel layer to at least 100 mm below the lower edge of the sleeper. This ensures that the entire compaction energy acts on the gravel grains of the lower gravel layer.
  • a further improvement to the first compaction step provides that the vibrating tamping picks are held in position in the lowered state for a period of between 1 second and 2 seconds. The duration of action of the vibrating tamping picks is then sufficient to optimally compact the gravel structure in the lower gravel layer.
  • the tamping picks vibrate at a frequency in the range of 35Hz to 45Hz during the first compaction step. This frequency range delivers the best compaction results.
  • the darning picks vibrate at a higher frequency during penetration than in the lowered position.
  • the gravel vibrated at a higher frequency has a lower penetration resistance.
  • the ballast bed is compacted after the second compaction step in a further compaction process using a stabilization unit.
  • the stabilization process shakes the track grid consisting of sleepers and rails into the ballast bed. This anticipates any settlement of the track grate that may occur after the tamping process. Immediately after such processing, driving on the track at a higher speed is permitted.
  • the method is particularly effective when the track-laying machine is operated in conjunction with a cleaning machine and when the lower layer of ballast and the upper layer of ballast are introduced using a discharge device arranged on the cleaning machine.
  • the result of processing using the cleaning machine is a soft gravel bed that is continuously compacted in the two compaction steps.
  • Track construction machine 1 shown can be moved on rails 3 of a track 4 by means of rail chassis 2.
  • the rails 3 are fastened to sleepers 6 stored in a ballast bed 5.
  • the track construction machine 1 includes a tamping unit 7.
  • a lifting/straightening unit 8 and a measuring system 9 are arranged for track position correction.
  • the present tamping unit 7 has longer tamping picks 10.
  • the tamping picks 10 are arranged opposite each other in order to penetrate into the ballast bed 5 on both sides of a threshold 6 during a compaction step.
  • the opposing tamping picks 10 with associated swivel arms 11 are mounted on a height-adjustable tool carrier 12.
  • a hydraulic cylinder for example, serves as the height actuator 13.
  • the swivel arms 11 arranged like pliers are coupled to a vibration generator 15 via a respective supporting cylinder 14.
  • This vibration generator 15 includes, for example, a rotatingly driven eccentric shaft.
  • the respective auxiliary cylinder 14 is connected on the one hand to the eccentric shaft and on the other hand to an upper end of the associated pivot arm 11.
  • the respective additional cylinder only serves as a rigid transmission element.
  • the eccentricity of the eccentric shaft results in a vibration amplitude at the free end of the associated tamping pick 10.
  • a tamping pick plate 16 is arranged there at the end of a narrow tamping pick shaft. The respective tamping pick plate 16 is aligned normal to the direction of a vibration movement 17. In this way, all gravel grains detected by the tamping pick plate 16 are set into vibration during the first compaction step.
  • the additional cylinders 14 are only activated in the second compression step. By acting on the respective side cylinder 14, a side movement 18 is superimposed on the vibration movement 17.
  • the vibrating tamping pick plates 16 are moved towards each other, causing the captured gravel grains to vibrate and also be displaced.
  • An exemplary process sequence begins with 4 ballast being placed in a track. This happens either when track 4 is re-laid or when the ballast is cleaned using a cleaning machine.
  • the gravel is introduced below the thresholds 6 with a total layer height 19 at which a normal tamping process does not produce sufficient compaction. Therefore, first a lower layer of gravel 20 and then an upper layer of gravel 21 are compacted.
  • the lower ballast layer 20 and the upper ballast layer 21 are simultaneously introduced into the track 4 before compaction.
  • the first compression step then takes place.
  • the simultaneous introduction of both layers of ballast 20, 21 is particularly advantageous for switches or crossings.
  • the track grate cannot be used at switches or crossings in the case of a track, before the upper layer of ballast 21 is introduced, it is placed on the lower layer of ballast 20 in order to compact this layer 20 in a conventional manner.
  • the tamping unit 7 is positioned above a threshold 6 (middle threshold in Fig. 2 ). Using the height actuator 13, the vibrating tamping picks 10 are lowered and immersed in the ballast bed 5. The tamping picks ideally vibrate at a frequency of approx. 45 Hz. With this frequency, the vibrating gravel grains resemble a flowing medium, which results in a significant reduction in penetration resistance.
  • a first lowering depth 22 is predetermined so that the tamping pick plates 16 reach completely into the lower gravel layer 20.
  • the tamping picks 7 are shown above the right threshold 6 with the tool carrier 12 raised.
  • the distance between an upper edge of the respective tamping pick plate 16 and a lower edge of the respective threshold 6 is, for example, 100 mm.
  • the known heights of the sleepers 6 and the rails 3 as well as the geometry of the track construction machine 1 result in a corresponding specification for a control device 23 for controlling the height actuator 13.
  • the first lowering depth 22 is limited by a subgrade protection layer 24, which may be located under the lower layer of ballast 20 is located. It is important to ensure that the subgrade protection layer 24 is not damaged by the tamping picks 10.
  • the vibrating tamping picks 10 are held in position for a predetermined period of time.
  • the vibration is transmitted to the surrounding gravel grains at a frequency of approx. 35 Hz.
  • the rotational speed of the eccentric shaft is adjusted accordingly.
  • the gravel grains arrange themselves into a denser structure under the load of the upper gravel layer 21.
  • the time period specified for this is approx. 1.5 seconds. Then a sufficient degree of compaction of the gravel structure is achieved and the Tamping picks 10 are pulled out of the ballast bed 5 by acting on the height actuator 13.
  • This first compaction step is repeated for all sleepers 6 of the track, switch or crossing to be processed. Track 4 will then be ballasted if necessary. This introduction of additional ballast is particularly useful if the track grate is to be raised in the subsequent second compaction step.
  • the second compaction step begins with positioning the tamping unit 7 above a threshold 6 with an already compacted lower gravel layer 20 (left threshold in Fig. 2 ). If the track position needs to be corrected, the lifting/straightening unit 8 is activated. The track grate is lifted into a specified position and, if necessary, moved laterally. This corrected position is fixed immediately afterwards using the tamping unit 7.
  • the tool carrier 12 is lowered until the tamping pick plates 16 reach a second lowering depth 25.
  • the distance between the upper edge of the respective tamping pick plate 16 and the lower edge of the respective threshold 6 is a few centimeters (e.g. 20cm).
  • This second lowering depth 25 can also be specified to the control device 23 based on the known threshold height, the rail height and the machine geometry.
  • the opposing tamping pick plates 16 are placed next to each other.
  • the additional movement 18 combined with the vibration movement 17 causes the gravel grains to be displaced into the area below the threshold 6.
  • the result of the vibrated and displaced gravel grains is a compacted gravel structure. In this way, the already compacted lower gravel layer 20 creates a stable support for the respective threshold 6.
  • the tamping picks 10 When laying a new track, it can happen that the upper ballast layer 21 is not yet optimally compacted after the first setting process. Then the tamping picks 10 are immersed again in the upper layer of gravel 21 and placed next to each other. Such a repetition is decided by an operator or by recording the condition of the ballast using sensors arranged on the track construction machine 1. For example, counterforces acting on the tamping picks 10 are used to determine parameters for ballast compaction.
  • DVS dynamic track stabilizer
  • a stabilization unit is arranged on the same track construction machine 1.
  • track 4 is operated using a separate stabilization machine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Machines For Laying And Maintaining Railways (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé de compactage par couches d'un lit de ballast (5) d'une voie ferrée (4) au moyen d'une machine de pose de voie (1) roulant sur la voie ferrée (4), dans lequel du ballast se trouvant en dessous de traverses (6) de la voie ferrée (4) est compacté en au moins deux couches (20, 21) situées l'une au-dessus de l'autre en ce qu'une couche de ballast inférieure (20) est compactée dans une première étape de compactage, puis une couche de ballast supérieure (21) située au-dessus de la couche de ballast inférieure (20) est compactée par un processus de bourrage dans une seconde étape de compactage, dans lequel la couche de ballast inférieure (20) et la couche de ballast supérieure (21) sont introduites ensemble dans la voie ferrée (4) avant le compactage, caractérisé en ce que des grains de ballast sont uniquement mis en vibration dans la première étape de compactage en ce que des pics de bourrage vibrants (10) d'un module de bourrage (7) disposé sur la machine de pose de voie (1) sont abaissés de telle sorte que des plaques de pic de bourrage (16) disposées aux extrémités libres des pics de bourrage (10) pénètrent dans la couche de ballast inférieure (20) et y sont maintenues en position de manière vibrante pendant un laps de temps prédéfini, et qu'un mouvement d'adjonction se produit uniquement dans la seconde étape de compactage, et des grains de ballast sont mis en vibration et décalés en ce que les pics de bourrage vibrants (10) pénètrent avec les plaques de pic de bourrage (16) dans la couche de ballast supérieure (21) et sont adjoints l'un à l'autre.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que du ballast supplémentaire est introduit dans la voie ferrée (4) entre la première et la seconde étape de compactage.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la voie ferrée (4) est maintenue dans une position de consigne au moyen d'un module de levage/nivellement (8) pendant la seconde étape de compactage.
  4. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les pics de bourrage (10) sont abaissés deux fois l'un derrière l'autre pendant la seconde étape de compactage.
  5. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la couche de ballast inférieure (20) et la couche de ballast supérieure (21) sont introduites avec une hauteur de couche totale (19) d'au moins 200 mm.
  6. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que les plaques de pic de bourrage (16) pénètrent lors de la première étape de compactage en entier jusqu'à au moins 100 mm en dessous d'une arête inférieure de traverse dans la couche de ballast inférieure (20).
  7. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que les pics de bourrage vibrants (10) sont maintenus en position dans l'état abaissé pendant un laps de temps compris entre 1 seconde et 2 secondes lors de la première étape de compactage.
  8. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisé en ce que les pics de bourrage (10) vibrent à une fréquence dans une gamme de 35 Hz à 45 Hz lors de la première étape de compactage.
  9. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le lit de ballast (5) est compacté dans un processus de compactage supplémentaire au moyen d'un module de stabilisation après la seconde étape de compactage.
  10. Procédé selon une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la machine de pose de voie (1) est exploitée dans une association avec une machine de nettoyage, et que la couche de ballast inférieure (20) et la couche de ballast supérieure (21) sont introduites avec un dispositif de déversement disposé sur la machine de nettoyage.
EP20705332.3A 2019-03-14 2020-02-12 Procédé pour compacter un lit de ballast d'une voie ferrée Active EP3938578B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA99/2019A AT522237B1 (de) 2019-03-14 2019-03-14 Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Schotterbettes eines Gleises
PCT/EP2020/053516 WO2020182393A1 (fr) 2019-03-14 2020-02-12 Procédé pour compacter un lit de ballast d'une voie ferrée

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3938578A1 EP3938578A1 (fr) 2022-01-19
EP3938578B1 true EP3938578B1 (fr) 2023-11-22
EP3938578C0 EP3938578C0 (fr) 2023-11-22

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20705332.3A Active EP3938578B1 (fr) 2019-03-14 2020-02-12 Procédé pour compacter un lit de ballast d'une voie ferrée

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EP (1) EP3938578B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT522237B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020182393A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT17648U1 (de) 2021-03-15 2022-10-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Verfahren zum Reinigen eines Schotterbettes eines Gleises

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH314243A (fr) * 1953-12-16 1956-06-15 Matisa Materiel Ind Sa Bourreuse de ballast pour au moins une traverse d'une voie de chemin de fer
DE952644C (de) * 1954-02-23 1956-11-22 Mannesmann Meer Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum maschinellen Stopfen von Gleisen
CH652430A5 (de) * 1981-01-23 1985-11-15 Canron Inc Crissier Gleisstopfmaschine.
AT500972B1 (de) * 2004-10-29 2006-05-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Verfahren zum unterstopfen von schwellen
AT505909B1 (de) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-15 Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz Verfahren und maschine zur verdichtung von schotter eines gleises
AT518324B1 (de) 2016-02-16 2018-04-15 Plasser & Theurer Export Von Bahnbaumaschinen Gmbh Gleisbaumaschine und Verfahren zur Verdichtung eines Schotterbettes
AT520040B1 (de) * 2017-06-06 2021-01-15 Swietelsky Ag Schienenfahrzeug zur Gleisoberbausanierung
AT520117B1 (de) * 2017-07-11 2019-11-15 Hp3 Real Gmbh Verfahren zum Verdichten eines Schotterbettes eines Gleises

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020182393A1 (fr) 2020-09-17
AT522237A1 (de) 2020-09-15
AT522237B1 (de) 2024-05-15
EP3938578C0 (fr) 2023-11-22
EP3938578A1 (fr) 2022-01-19

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