EP3936294B1 - Équipement pour la fabrication de plaques en matériau céramique - Google Patents

Équipement pour la fabrication de plaques en matériau céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3936294B1
EP3936294B1 EP21184354.5A EP21184354A EP3936294B1 EP 3936294 B1 EP3936294 B1 EP 3936294B1 EP 21184354 A EP21184354 A EP 21184354A EP 3936294 B1 EP3936294 B1 EP 3936294B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pressing
supporting surface
containment
equipment
ceramic material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP21184354.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3936294A1 (fr
EP3936294C0 (fr
Inventor
Fabio TAROZZI
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siti B&T Group SpA
Original Assignee
Siti B&T Group SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siti B&T Group SpA filed Critical Siti B&T Group SpA
Publication of EP3936294A1 publication Critical patent/EP3936294A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3936294C0 publication Critical patent/EP3936294C0/fr
Publication of EP3936294B1 publication Critical patent/EP3936294B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/021—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/28—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for forming shaped articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/021—Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B28B3/024—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form the pressure on the material being transmitted through flexible or resilient wall parts, e.g. flexible cushions on the ramming surface, resilient wall parts pressing as a result of deformation caused by ram pressure

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material.
  • the manufacture of slabs made of ceramic material is generally carried out by preparing a predetermined amount of material to be compacted, placing this predetermined amount of material on a supporting surface and compacting it using suitable pressing means.
  • the traditional method of pressing relating to the manufacture of small-medium sized products, involves that the ceramic material to be compacted is placed inside a cavity into which a relevant pressing pad is fitted. Once the pressing action is over, the material thus compacted is removed from the cavity and made to move forward towards the subsequent drying or firing stations.
  • This method of pressing is characterized by low production outputs due to the high discontinuity of the production process.
  • the supporting surface may be of the type of a belt, on which the ceramic material in powder form to be compacted is then placed.
  • the pressing of the material is achieved by the superimposition of a further belt on the supporting surface carrying the material to be compacted and the crushing action of these belts on the material located between them.
  • the material compacted in this way is then made to move forward from the supporting surface itself towards the subsequent drying or firing stations.
  • the production output is limited because of the need to have a close correlation between the forward movement of the supporting surface and the pressing phase.
  • the supporting surface must be made to move forward by the pitch corresponding to the size of the length of the material deposited thereon, so as to bring it exactly to the point where the pressing means are located.
  • the known type of equipment applying the aforementioned methods of pressing do not allow obtaining slabs of defined dimensions and require subsequent edge finishing operations aimed at obtaining a slab having dimensions equal to those of the finished slab.
  • finishing operations cause a lengthening of production times and, in addition, lead to the formation of large amount of processing waste that can hardly be reused for further processing.
  • US 2019/016011 A1 , EP 1136211 B1 , EP 1433580 A2 and US 2019/009429 A1 disclose equipment for forming ceramic slabs of the known type comprising a load-bearing structure, a supporting surface, pressing means with a pressing body above the supporting surface and containment means locked together with the pressing body.
  • US 2019/016011 A1 in particular, discloses such equipment in accordance with the preamble of claim 1.
  • the main aim of the present invention is to devise an equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material which allows overcoming the drawbacks of the prior art and, in particular, obtaining a higher production output, while maintaining high quality characteristics of the compacted slab.
  • one object of the present invention is to minimize the downtime related to the forward movement and pressing phases of the ceramic material and, at the same time, to obtain high quality standards in terms of thickness, flatness and minimization of the processing waste.
  • a further object of the present invention is to devise an equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material which is small in size and has considerable structural simplicity.
  • Another object of the present invention is to devise an equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material which allows overcoming the aforementioned drawbacks of the prior art within a simple, rational, easy and effective to use as well as low cost solution.
  • reference numeral 1 globally indicates an equipment for the manufacture of slabs of ceramic material.
  • the equipment 1 comprises a load-bearing structure 2, at least one supporting surface 3 associated with the load-bearing structure 2 and movable along a direction of forward movement D, the dispensing means 4 of a ceramic material onto the supporting surface 3 and pressing means 6 of the ceramic material.
  • the ceramic material is of the type of ceramic powdered material.
  • the supporting surface 3 is of the type of a continuous belt wrapped around a plurality of motor-driven pulleys.
  • the supporting surface 3 is intended to support a continuous slab L made of a ceramic material to be compacted.
  • the dispensing means 4 are adapted to release the ceramic material onto the supporting surface 3 to form the continuous slab L to be compacted.
  • the dispensing means 4 comprise one or more hoppers 5 arranged on top of the supporting surface 3.
  • the dispensing means 4 comprise a plurality of hoppers 5 arranged in succession with each other along the direction of forward movement D.
  • the hoppers 5 are adapted to dispense a plurality of different ceramic materials in order to give the final slab a particular aesthetic effect.
  • the pressing means 6 are associated with the load-bearing structure 2.
  • the load-bearing structure 2 comprises a plurality of sheet metal elements 2a, called ribs, adapted to support the pressing load, which are pack-linked to each other to provide high stiffness of the load-bearing structure itself.
  • the pressing means 6 are arranged downstream of the dispensing means 4 with respect to the direction of forward movement D.
  • the stretch of the supporting surface 3 extending between the dispensing means 4 and the pressing means 6 is seamless, it being understood by this definition that the supporting surface 3 is uninterrupted.
  • the pressing means 6 comprise at least one pressing body 7 arranged above the supporting surface 3 and movable with respect thereto, adapted to press the ceramic material.
  • the pressing body 7 is movable between a home position, wherein it is moved away from the supporting surface 3 and allows the forward movement of the continuous slab L along the direction of forward movement D, and an operating position, wherein it is moved close to the supporting surface 3 so as to press a portion P of the continuous slab L and to obtain at least one compacted slab C of predefined dimensions, separate from the continuous slab L.
  • the pressing body 7 has at least one pressing surface 9, facing the supporting surface 3 and adapted to contact the continuous slab L in the operating position.
  • the pressing means 6 comprise a fluid-operated cylinder 7,8 provided with a piston 7a, movable with respect to the main body 8 of the fluid-operated cylinder itself between the home position and the operating position, and with which is associated a pressing pad 7b, made e.g. of a resinous material, intended to contact the ceramic material to be compacted.
  • the pressing surface 9 is, therefore, defined by the pad 7b.
  • the pad 7b is magnetically associated with the piston 7a, e.g. by means of a magnetic plate 10 positioned between them.
  • the piston 7a and the pad 7b define the pressing body 7.
  • the pressing means 6 also comprise an abutment element 11, which is arranged below the supporting surface 3 and adapted to act as a stop to the force exerted by the pressing body 7.
  • the abutment element 11 is locked together, e.g. magnetically, with the load-bearing structure 2.
  • the supporting surface 3 and the pressing means 6 are operable intermittently and alternately with each other.
  • activation of one of the two corresponds to interruption of the other, i.e., when the supporting surface 3 is moved along the direction of forward movement D, the pressing means 6 are stationary, and when the pressing means 6 are active, the supporting surface 3 is stationary.
  • the movement of the supporting surface 3 causes the forward movement of the compacted slab C thus obtained, which is then displaced downstream of the pressing means 6, and the simultaneous positioning of a further portion P of the continuous slab L at the point where the pressing means 6 are located.
  • the equipment 1 comprises containment means for containing the portion P in the operating position.
  • the containment means have the function of containing the ceramic material during pressing and allow obtaining a compacted slab C with defined edges and which does not require further finishing operations.
  • the containment means are locked together with the pressing body 7.
  • the containment means move together with the pressing body 7, between the home position and the operating position.
  • the containment means are associated with the pressing surface 9.
  • the containment means comprise at least one containment element 12 associated with the pressing surface 9 and protruding below it.
  • the containment element 12 is associated with the perimeter edge of the pressing surface 9.
  • the containment element 12 is positioned between the pressing surface 9 and the supporting surface 3.
  • the containment element 12 defines with the supporting surface 3 a containment volume 13 of the portion P, with the pressing body 7 in the operating position.
  • the containment volume 13 is, therefore, bounded below by the supporting surface 3 and above by the pressing surface 9.
  • the containment element 12 contacts the ceramic material of the portion P laterally and holds it inside the containment volume 13 during pressing.
  • the containment element 12 defines a substantially closed perimeter.
  • substantially closed means that the containment element 12 extends seamlessly.
  • the containment volume 13 is, therefore, in turn, peripherally closed.
  • the containment element 12 is made in a single body piece.
  • the containment element 12 be made of several parts contiguous to each other to define the aforementioned closed perimeter.
  • the containment element 12 may comprise several parts arranged in a polygonal fashion, depending on the shape intended to be given to the compacted slab C.
  • the containment element 12 may be made of two side parts, arranged parallel to the direction of forward movement D, and two front parts, arranged transversely to the direction of forward movement D.
  • the containment element 12 has a substantially wedge-shaped profile.
  • the wedge-shaped profile allows the containment element 12 to gradually fit inside the ceramic material, laterally and gradually displacing the ceramic material itself until it contacts the supporting surface 3.
  • the containment element 12 may have a different conformation.
  • the containment element 12 comprises at least one material of the elastically deformable type.
  • the containment element 12 is, in fact, adapted to compress during pressing.
  • the elastically deformable material allows the containment element 12 to regain its initial shape as a result of compression.
  • the elastically deformable material is of the type of a polymeric foam material.
  • the elastically deformable material may be elastic polyurethane foam.
  • the containment element 12 comprises at least one internal portion 12a made of the aforementioned elastically deformable material and at least one external portion 12b made of a non-stick material.
  • the external portion 12b defines a contact surface 14 intended, in use, to contact the ceramic material.
  • the external portion 12b is made of a non-stick material so as to prevent the ceramic material from adhering to the contact surface 14 during pressing.
  • the non-stick material allows, therefore, avoiding the cleaning operations of the containment element 12 after each pressing phase.
  • the non-stick material is also of an elastically deformable type.
  • the non-stick material may be of the thermoplastic polyurethane type.
  • the external portion 12b is associated with the internal portion 12a so as to cover it.
  • the operation of the equipment 1 according to the invention is as follows.
  • the dispensing means 4 dispense the ceramic material onto the supporting surface 3 so as to form the continuous slab L to be compacted.
  • the hoppers 5 release the ceramic powdered material onto the supporting surface 3 during the movement of the latter along the direction of forward movement D.
  • the continuous slab L is moved along the direction of forward movement D.
  • the supporting surface 3 stops at the point where the pressing means 6 are located, so that the portion P can be pressed.
  • the pressing body 7 is brought to the operating position, in which it is moved close to the supporting surface 3.
  • the containment element 12 contacts the supporting surface 3 and bounds the containment volume 13.
  • the pressing body 7 continues its movement towards the operating position and, by crushing the portion P with a force of predefined intensity, causes the compression of the containment element 12.
  • the supporting surface 3 is operated so as to simultaneously move the compacted slab C and the continuous slab L along the direction of forward movement D.
  • the compacted slab C which is, therefore, distinct and separate from the remaining part of the continuous slab L, is moved downstream of the pressing means 6, while a new portion P of the continuous slab L is arranged at the point where the pressing means themselves are located in order to proceed with a further pressing phase.
  • the presence of the containment means makes it possible to simplify the handling of the material to be pressed, by carrying out a partial or total compartmentalization of a portion of the continuous slab that is intermittently fed at the point where the pressing means are located.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Devices For Post-Treatments, Processing, Supply, Discharge, And Other Processes (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Preparation Of Clay, And Manufacture Of Mixtures Containing Clay Or Cement (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. - Équipement (1) pour la fabrication de dalles en matériau céramique, comprenant :
    - une structure porteuse (2) ;
    - au moins une surface de support (3) associée à ladite structure porteuse (2) et mobile selon une direction d'avance (D), ladite surface de support (3) étant destinée à supporter une dalle continue (L) faite d'un matériau céramique à compacter ;
    - des moyens de pressage (6) associés à ladite structure porteuse (2) et comprenant au moins un corps de pressage (7) disposé au-dessus de ladite surface de support (3) et mobile entre une position initiale, dans laquelle il est déplacé à distance de ladite surface de support (3) et autorise l'avance de ladite dalle continue (L) selon ladite direction d'avance (D), et une position de travail, dans laquelle il est rapproché de ladite surface de support (3) de façon à presser une partie (P) de ladite dalle continue (L) et à obtenir au moins une dalle compactée (C) de dimensions prédéfinies, séparée de ladite dalle continue (L) ;
    ledit équipement (1) comprenant des moyens de confinement de ladite partie (P) dans ladite position de travail qui sont verrouillés avec ledit corps de pressage (7) ;
    ledit corps de pressage (7) ayant au moins une surface de pressage (9), tournée vers ladite surface de support (3) et apte à entrer en contact avec la dalle continue (L) dans ladite position de travail, et par le fait que lesdits moyens de confinement sont associés à ladite surface de pressage (9) ;
    lesdits moyens de confinement comprenant au moins un élément de confinement (12) associé à ladite surface de pressage (9) et faisant saillie au-dessous de celle-ci, ledit élément de confinement (12) définissant, avec ladite surface de support (3), un volume de confinement (13) de ladite partie (P), avec ledit corps de pressage (7) dans la position de travail ;
    ledit élément de confinement (12) comprenant au moins un matériau du type élastiquement déformable, ledit élément de confinement (12) étant apte à se comprimer pendant ledit pressage ; caractérisé par le fait que
    ledit élément de confinement (12) comprend au moins une partie interne (12a) faite dudit matériau élastiquement déformable et au moins une partie externe (12b), faite d'un matériau anti-adhérent et associée à ladite partie interne (12a) de façon à la recouvrir, ladite partie externe (12b) définissant une surface de contact (14) destinée, en utilisation, à entrer en contact avec ledit matériau céramique.
  2. - Équipement (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que ledit élément de confinement (12) définit un périmètre fermé.
  3. - Équipement (1) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que ledit élément de confinement (12) a un profil sensiblement cunéiforme.
  4. - Équipement (1) selon une ou plusieurs des revendications précédentes, caractérisé par le fait que ledit matériau élastiquement déformable est du type d'un matériau mousse polymère.
EP21184354.5A 2020-07-09 2021-07-07 Équipement pour la fabrication de plaques en matériau céramique Active EP3936294B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102020000016744A IT202000016744A1 (it) 2020-07-09 2020-07-09 Attrezzatura per la realizzazione di lastre in materiale ceramico

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3936294A1 EP3936294A1 (fr) 2022-01-12
EP3936294C0 EP3936294C0 (fr) 2023-12-06
EP3936294B1 true EP3936294B1 (fr) 2023-12-06

Family

ID=72644734

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21184354.5A Active EP3936294B1 (fr) 2020-07-09 2021-07-07 Équipement pour la fabrication de plaques en matériau céramique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3936294B1 (fr)
BR (1) BR102021013127A2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2971935T3 (fr)
IT (1) IT202000016744A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4035610A1 (de) * 1990-11-09 1992-05-14 Basf Ag Verfahren zur herstellung von faserverbundwerkstoffen
DE29622385U1 (de) * 1996-12-24 1997-04-30 Berndorf Band Ges. M.B.H., Berndorf Doppelbandpresse, sowie endloses Band für eine Doppelbandpresse
EP1136211B1 (fr) * 2000-03-23 2004-06-02 SYSTEM S.p.A. Dispositif pour la fabrication d'articles en céramique comme par exemple des dalles, des carreaux et des articles similaires par pressage de poudre
CN1420004A (zh) * 2002-12-26 2003-05-28 徐建 一种陶瓷砖成型方法及设备
EP4163070A1 (fr) * 2015-11-16 2023-04-12 System Ceramics S.p.A. Élément de formage pour articles en céramique.
ITUB20160504A1 (it) * 2016-01-15 2017-07-15 System Spa Compensatore di formato per un dispositivo di pressatura
ITUA20161363A1 (it) * 2016-03-04 2017-09-04 System Spa Dispositivo di pressatura

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
BR102021013127A2 (pt) 2022-01-18
IT202000016744A1 (it) 2022-01-09
EP3936294A1 (fr) 2022-01-12
ES2971935T3 (es) 2024-06-10
EP3936294C0 (fr) 2023-12-06

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