EP1375097B1 - Installation pour le pré-pressage d'ébauches en céramique pulvérulente et pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec ces ébauches - Google Patents

Installation pour le pré-pressage d'ébauches en céramique pulvérulente et pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec ces ébauches Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1375097B1
EP1375097B1 EP03076787A EP03076787A EP1375097B1 EP 1375097 B1 EP1375097 B1 EP 1375097B1 EP 03076787 A EP03076787 A EP 03076787A EP 03076787 A EP03076787 A EP 03076787A EP 1375097 B1 EP1375097 B1 EP 1375097B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plant
mould
press
conveyor
station
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
EP03076787A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP1375097A2 (fr
EP1375097A3 (fr
Inventor
Ermes c/o L.B. Officine Meccaniche S.p.a. Bigi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
L B Officine Meccaniche SpA
Original Assignee
L B Officine Meccaniche SpA
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Publication date
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Publication of EP1375097A2 publication Critical patent/EP1375097A2/fr
Publication of EP1375097A3 publication Critical patent/EP1375097A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1375097B1 publication Critical patent/EP1375097B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/0002—Auxiliary parts or elements of the mould
    • B28B7/0014—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps
    • B28B7/002—Fastening means for mould parts, e.g. for attaching mould walls on mould tables; Mould clamps using magnets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B15/00—General arrangement or layout of plant ; Industrial outlines or plant installations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
    • B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B5/00—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping
    • B28B5/02—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type
    • B28B5/021—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length
    • B28B5/022—Producing shaped articles from the material in moulds or on moulding surfaces, carried or formed by, in or on conveyors irrespective of the manner of shaping on conveyors of the endless-belt or chain type the shaped articles being of definite length the moulds or the moulding surfaces being individual independant units and being discontinuously fed

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the manufacture of ceramic tiles by pressing powders in suitable moulds.
  • the crude tiles obtained in this manner are then subjected to a firing cycle at very high temperature to give rise to the finished product.
  • the invention relates in particular to the powder pressing operation.
  • the pressing operation takes place within the cavity of a press consisting of a vertically movable lower die, a die plate within which the lower die is permanently inserted, and an upper die fixed to the upper crosspiece of a press, and which in cooperation with the die plate and the lower die defines the powder pressing cavity.
  • the powder is pressed at pressures between 150 kg/cm 2 and 400 kg/cm 2 according to the type of material used and the tile quality to be obtained.
  • Air evacuation is more difficult the larger the tile surface as the air is discharged between the die plate and the dies, those tile portions distant from the edge hence being the most difficult to deaerate.
  • deaeration is facilitated by subjecting the tile, while within the cavity, to at least two successive pressing actions separated by a slight raising of the upper die.
  • Precompaction is generally effected by means which act on the powder extended with constant thickness on a surface such as a belt, and which can consist of an upper belt associated with a pressing plate.
  • the result of precompaction is a relatively fragile blank having a thickness of 65-75% of the initial powder thickness, and is a substantially deaerated product which can undergo final compaction in a single pressing.
  • Plants are known, such as that described in Italian patent 1260974, in which the powder is laterally constrained by a die plate which descends from above onto a conveyor on which the powder layer lies, and by an upper die which descends to become inserted into the die plate.
  • the objects of the present patent are to provide a powder compacting plant which is free from said drawbacks, which can be associated with already existing normal presses, which presents considerable format flexibility, and enables different materials to be applied to the surface of the blank before final pressing.
  • a plant according to claim 1 which comprises a conveyor for at least one mould, a powder loading station, a precompacting station and a discharge station positioned along said conveyor, means within said loading, precompacting and discharge stations to drive the mould parts, means for removing the precompacted blank from the mould, means for transferring said at least one mould from that end to the other of said conveyor and means for transferring said blank onto the forming cavity of a press. Finishing stations can also be provided.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the plant according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is an enlarged view of that end of the plant distant from the press.
  • Figure 3 is an enlarged view of that end of the plant close to the press.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic side view of a plant component.
  • Figure 5 is a partial section through the component of Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is a partial section through an alternative version of the component of Figure 5.
  • Figure 7 shows an enlarged portion of Figure 1.
  • Figure 8 shows a further enlarged portion of Figure 1.
  • Figure 9 shows a second embodiment of the pusher for the tile to the mould cavity.
  • the figures show a normal powder compacting press 1, in front of which a first conveyor belt 2 is located.
  • the conveyor belt 2 is driven stepwise by an electric gearmotor 21 controlled by an encoder 22.
  • first elevator device 3 the upper platform of which when in its raised position is coplanar with the conveyor 2, and when in its lowered position is coplanar with the active branch of a second conveyor 4 positioned below the first conveyor and having the same length.
  • a second elevator 5 similar to the first is positioned at that end of said conveyors distant from the press.
  • both the upper conveyor and the lower conveyor are constructed for convenience in two separate portions positioned one following the other.
  • transfer means 6 With those ends of said conveyors close to said elevators there are associated transfer means 6, the function of which is to transfer the moulds 7 from the conveyors to the elevators and vice versa.
  • Each mould ( Figure 4) comprises a base 71 in which there is inserted a vertically movable die plate 72 rigid with six columns 73 which support it by friction by being inserted into six corresponding seats 74 rigid with the base 71.
  • the friction occurs between the column and the hole in a slide block associated with the base by electromagnetic or pneumatic means.
  • a member 74 provided with a cylindrical hole 740 within which a piston 741 sealedly slides.
  • the piston 741 presents a diametrical hole which receives the column 73, and is subjected on one side to the thrust of a spring 742, and on the opposite side to the action of compressed air fed by 76.
  • the spring maintains the column locked except when compressed air is fed.
  • this shows a magnetic variant of the locking device, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same numerals.
  • the piston presents a rod 743 subjected to the magnetic field of a coil 744, the spring being dispensed with.
  • Said electromagnetic means are energized from the outside.
  • the vertical movements of the die plate 72 are produced by lifting devices 9 disposed in the various stations along the upper conveyor.
  • At least one loading section 8 On the upper conveyor there is positioned at least one loading section 8, three loading stations 81, 82 and 83 respectively being provided in the illustrated example.
  • Each loading station is associated with usual powder loading means, for example a carriage feeder with a sliding distributor of classical type, well known to the expert of the art and therefore not shown.
  • Loading preferably takes place in a direction perpendicular to the conveyor axis.
  • the means 9 comprise six cylinder-piston units 91 of controlled advancement arranged to act on the base or, as will be apparent, on the top of the columns 73, and an electrical or pneumatic connector 92 which, when the die plate 7 is present in the station, becomes connected to the electromagnet electrical circuit 774 or to the pneumatic circuit 76.
  • the die plate 7 arrives at the first station 81 where it is raised by a device 9 to receive a first layer of powder; it is further raised by the respective devices 9 in the stations 82 and 83, by an amount sufficient to create the space for a second and a third layer of powder.
  • the die plate 72 In passing from the second to the third station, the die plate 72 is subjected to the action of a scraper blade 10 which removes the excess powder and causes it to fall into an underlying collector 11.
  • a press 12 Immediately downstream of the loading station 83 there is a press 12 able to exert a pressure of the order of 10 to 25 kg/cm 2 sufficient to precompact the powder.
  • the press crosspiece supports a pressing plate 120 of greater dimensions than the surface of the die plate 72 so that during the pressing action the plate acts on the die plate to urge it downwards and overcome the friction which maintains it in position.
  • finishing stations 13 Downstream of the press 12 there are two finishing stations 13, indicated schematically, in which decorative materials are applied to the smooth and structured surface of the precompressed blank.
  • the tile removal station 14 Downstream of the stations 13 there is the tile removal station 14, overlaid by a device 9 similar to that already described, but positioned inverted on the upper part of the conveyor.
  • the device 9 lowers the die plate 72 to expose the tile.
  • the mould 7 comprising the movable die plate 72 is then pushed by the means 6 onto the elevator 3 with the die plate perfectly flush with the press working surface.
  • a double pusher 15 associated with the press pushes the blank into position over the press forming cavity, while at the same time removing the tile already pressed during the preceding cycle.
  • the pusher 15 is aided by a sucker 16 which slightly raises the precompacted blank to facilitate its sliding onto the mould of the press where the blank receives its final pressing.
  • the elevator 3 After the action of the pusher 15 the elevator 3 is lowered to the level of the lower conveyor 4, onto which the mould is pushed to be transported to the beginning of the conveyor 2.
  • a station 17 for removing defective blanks is located on the lower conveyor 4.
  • the means for the stepwise advancement of the conveyor 2 are not shown.
  • the conveyor 4 could likewise evidently be positioned to the side of the conveyor 2, in which case the elevators would be in the form of lateral transfer means.
  • FIG.9 A second embodiment of the pusher for the tile is shown in Fig.9, in which corresponding parts are indicated by the same numerals.
  • Fig.9 it can be seen the mould comprising the base 71 in which there is inserted the vertically movable die plate 72 rigid with six columns 73 which support it by friction by being inserted into six corresponding seats rigid with the base 71.
  • the second embodiment of the pusher indicated with 150 in Fig.9 comprises a plate 151 having a lower rectangular cavity 152.
  • each shaft is connected to the adjacent shafts by a conical gear, so that the shafts rotate together in both directions.
  • At least one of the shafts 153 is connected by a cylindrical gear 154 to a rack 155 that is operated by an usual linear actuator 156.
  • Each shaft 153 supports, through suitable brackets 157, a bar 158 that, depending from the rotation of the shaft is positioned in a lowered substantially vertical position in which the bars of each shaft are adjacent to realise a frame surrounding the blank positioned onto the lower die 77, or in a raised position in which the bars are located over the blank.
  • the pusher 150 is associated with the press, and comprises a frontal bar 159.
  • the pusher 150 reciprocates between a first position in which it is positioned over the blank with the bars 158 in raised position.
  • the blank is located onto the die 77 and the vertically movable die plate 72 is lowered.
  • the four shafts are rotated to position the bars 158 in lowered position, to embrace the blank, and the pusher pushes the blank into position over the press forming cavity, while at the same time the bar 159 removes the tile already pressed during the preceding cycle.
  • the four bars are raised and the pusher returns back over the die 77 to receive the further blank.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Installation destinée à créer des ébauches de poudre céramique préalablement comprimées et à les transmettre à une cavité de mise en forme d'une presse (1), caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend une chaîne de transport (2) d'au moins un moule (7) le long de laquelle sont disposés au moins un poste (81, 82, 83) de chargement de poudre, un poste (12) de compression préalable et un poste (24) d'évacuation disposé le long du transporteur, un dispositif (9) placé aux postes de chargement, de compression préalable et d'évacuation pour l'entraînement des parties de moule, un dispositif (14) d'extraction de l'ébauche préalablement comprimée du moule, un dispositif (15, 150) de transfert de l'ébauche sur la cavité de mise en forme de la presse (1), et un dispositif (4) de transfert dudit moule au moins de cette extrémité à l'autre extrémité du transporteur.
  2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'un poste de finition au moins (12, 13) est disposé entre le poste de compression préalable et la presse.
  3. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moule au moins (7) comporte une base plate (71) ayant au moins une matrice inférieure fixe associée (77), une plaque mobile de matrice (72) tirée verticalement au-dessus de la matrice, et un dispositif (73) de support de la plaque mobile de matrice par friction par rapport à la base.
  4. Installation selon la revendication 3, caractérisée en ce que dispositif de support comporte une base (74) dans laquelle coulisse un piston (741) ayant un trou diamétral qui loge la colonne (73) en coopération rigide avec la plaque de matrice (72).
  5. Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le piston (741) est associé à un dispositif électromagnétique (744).
  6. Installation selon la revendication 4, caractérisée en ce que le piston (741) est associé au dispositif pneumatique;
  7. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le poste de compression préalable comporte une presse (12), la plaque de pression de celle-ci présentant des dimensions en plan telles qu'elle vient au contact de la plaque de matrice du moule ou des moules placés au-dessous.
  8. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de transfert du moule au moins d'une extrémité à l'autre de la chaîne de transport (2) comporte un dispositif de transfert (3, 5) disposé aux extrémités de la chaîne, un dispositif (6) destiné à rappeler le moule de la chaîne vers le dispositif de transfert et inversement, et un transporteur (4) disposé parallèlement à la chaîne de transport.
  9. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de transfert (6) est un dispositif élévateur.
  10. Installation selon la revendication 7, caractérisée en ce que le transporteur (4) est disposé au-dessous de la chaîne de transport (2).
  11. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que la chaîne de transport (2) est un transporteur qui fonctionne par pas.
  12. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le dispositif de transfert de l'ébauche sur la cavité de mise en forme d'une presse comprend une plaque (151) mobile en translation, supportant quatre arbres rotatifs (153) raccordés les uns aux autres pendant le fonctionnement afin qu'ils tournent ensemble dans les deux sens, l'un des arbres au moins (153) étant raccordé à un organe de manoeuvre (156), chaque arbre (153) supportant, par des équerres convenables (157), une barre (158) qui, suivant la rotation de l'arbre, est disposée en position abaissée sensiblement verticale dans laquelle les barres de chaque arbre sont adjacentes pour former un châssis entourant l'ébauche, ou en position levée dans laquelle les barres sont disposées au-dessus de l'ébauche.
EP03076787A 2002-06-28 2003-06-10 Installation pour le pré-pressage d'ébauches en céramique pulvérulente et pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec ces ébauches Expired - Fee Related EP1375097B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITRE20020053 2002-06-28
IT2002RE000053A ITRE20020053A1 (it) 2002-06-28 2002-06-28 Impianto per la creazione di tessere pre-compattate di polvere ceramica e loro alimentazione alla cavita' di formatura di una pressa

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1375097A2 EP1375097A2 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1375097A3 EP1375097A3 (fr) 2005-06-29
EP1375097B1 true EP1375097B1 (fr) 2007-03-21

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EP03076787A Expired - Fee Related EP1375097B1 (fr) 2002-06-28 2003-06-10 Installation pour le pré-pressage d'ébauches en céramique pulvérulente et pour remplir la cavité d'un moule avec ces ébauches

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP1375097B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE60312599T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2282566T3 (fr)
IT (1) ITRE20020053A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220297343A1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2022-09-22 Dario Toncelli Plant and method for the production of slabs made of composite stone material from a mix

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITTV20050155A1 (it) * 2005-10-14 2007-04-15 Dario Toncelli Impianto per la fabbricazione di lastre di conglomerati in materiale lapideo.
CN103707408B (zh) * 2014-01-02 2015-12-02 山东理工大学 一种智能控制保温板压板设备
ES2472140B2 (es) 2014-02-07 2015-01-29 Kerajet S.A. Método de proyección de sólidos sobre una superficie
US20220388173A1 (en) * 2019-11-25 2022-12-08 Corning Incorporated Method and apparatus for back end control of translation and rotation of a green ware
CN116749308B (zh) * 2023-06-19 2024-05-28 浙江嘉吉石化工程有限公司 一种刚玉耐火砖自动制备工艺

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8802568A (nl) * 1988-10-18 1990-05-16 Sneek Hubert Maschf Vormbakkenmontage voor een baksteenvorminrichting.
IT1269274B (it) * 1994-11-22 1997-03-26 Carlo Antonio Camorani Metodo per la formatura di piastrelle ceramiche ed impianto relativo
EP0927687B1 (fr) * 1997-12-23 2004-05-26 Maris Algeri Procédé et dispositif pour transférer un matériau granuleux
ATE270608T1 (de) * 1998-09-28 2004-07-15 Carlo Antonio Camorani Verfahren und vorrichtung zur übertragung von körnigem material

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20220297343A1 (en) * 2019-06-27 2022-09-22 Dario Toncelli Plant and method for the production of slabs made of composite stone material from a mix
US11938652B2 (en) * 2019-06-27 2024-03-26 Dario Toncelli Plant and method for the production of slabs made of composite stone material from a mix

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ITRE20020053A1 (it) 2003-12-29
DE60312599T2 (de) 2007-07-19
DE60312599D1 (de) 2007-05-03
ITRE20020053A0 (it) 2002-06-28
EP1375097A2 (fr) 2004-01-02
EP1375097A3 (fr) 2005-06-29
ES2282566T3 (es) 2007-10-16

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