EP3934816B1 - Vibration generator and construction machine having such a vibration generator - Google Patents

Vibration generator and construction machine having such a vibration generator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3934816B1
EP3934816B1 EP20719402.8A EP20719402A EP3934816B1 EP 3934816 B1 EP3934816 B1 EP 3934816B1 EP 20719402 A EP20719402 A EP 20719402A EP 3934816 B1 EP3934816 B1 EP 3934816B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
unbalance
vibration generator
train
trains
unbalanced
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EP20719402.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3934816A1 (en
Inventor
Norbert Hausladen
Viktor Schindler
Christian Sprenger
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Liebherr Components Biberach GmbH
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Liebherr Components Biberach GmbH
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Publication of EP3934816A1 publication Critical patent/EP3934816A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/161—Adjustable systems, i.e. where amplitude or direction of frequency of vibration can be varied
    • B06B1/166—Where the phase-angle of masses mounted on counter-rotating shafts can be varied, e.g. variation of the vibration phase
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B06—GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS IN GENERAL
    • B06B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR GENERATING OR TRANSMITTING MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OF INFRASONIC, SONIC, OR ULTRASONIC FREQUENCY, e.g. FOR PERFORMING MECHANICAL WORK IN GENERAL
    • B06B1/00—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency
    • B06B1/10—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy
    • B06B1/16—Methods or apparatus for generating mechanical vibrations of infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic frequency making use of mechanical energy operating with systems involving rotary unbalanced masses
    • B06B1/167—Orbital vibrators having masses being driven by planetary gearings, rotating cranks or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C19/00—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving
    • E01C19/22—Machines, tools or auxiliary devices for preparing or distributing paving materials, for working the placed materials, or for forming, consolidating, or finishing the paving for consolidating or finishing laid-down unset materials
    • E01C19/23—Rollers therefor; Such rollers usable also for compacting soil
    • E01C19/28—Vibrated rollers or rollers subjected to impacts, e.g. hammering blows
    • E01C19/286—Vibration or impact-imparting means; Arrangement, mounting or adjustment thereof; Construction or mounting of the rolling elements, transmission or drive thereto, e.g. to vibrator mounted inside the roll
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D7/00—Methods or apparatus for placing sheet pile bulkheads, piles, mouldpipes, or other moulds
    • E02D7/18—Placing by vibrating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vibration generator for piling equipment, soil compactors or other construction machines, with at least two imbalance strands, each comprising imbalances that can be driven in rotation by a drive device, and an adjustment device for adjusting the phase position of the rotating imbalances relative to one another.
  • Such vibration generators can be compacted in the construction industry, for example for piling equipment or soil compactors, in order to generate directed vibrations, by means of which, for example, sheet piling can be rammed into the soil, vibratory tamping columns can be introduced into the soil or the soil can be compacted or leveled. If necessary, the ground can also be prepared to facilitate the driving or extraction of sheet piles or other structural elements such as piles and the like.
  • the vibration-generating exciter cell of such vibrators can be attached to a movable draw frame of a special civil engineering machine such as drilling and/or piling equipment, leaders or cable excavators, by means of which the vibrator unit can usually be moved in an upright direction.
  • the exciter cell can accommodate several shafts or wheels, which revolve around parallel, horizontally aligned axes and carry unbalanced masses, which generate acceleration and thus the desired vibrations through corresponding centrifugal forces during the rotational movement .
  • the unbalanced masses are usually distributed over several wheels or shafts and their arrangement, direction of rotation and phasing are matched to one another in such a way that forces in the horizontal or lying direction are compensated for as far as possible.
  • such an adjustment device may comprise a planetary gear, which comprises two output strands, which can be adjusted relative to one another by an adjustable input strand to which, for example, an actuating cylinder can be connected, so that imbalances connected to the output strands of the planetary gear are also adjusted in their phase position in order to to synchronize or neutralize their powers.
  • the superimposition of the forces of the various unbalance strands by a variably adjustable Phase shift can be varied in order to be able to influence the excitation of the soil.
  • a sine oscillation can be superimposed with a cosine oscillation, as a result of which the soil can be better placed in a pseudo-liquid state.
  • the vibration characteristic of the vibrator or the exciter cell can be adapted to the individual case and matched to the respective soil.
  • the font EP 21 58 976 B1 describes such a vibration generator in which the phase shift between the unbalanced masses can be changed during operation.
  • the vibration generator comprises a plurality of shaft groups with imbalances attached to them, which are arranged above or below one another, so that the vertical forces can add up or compensate.
  • one shaft group can be driven at a speed which is an integral multiple of the speed of the other shaft group, with the phase shifter for setting the phase offset comprising a rotary vane oscillating motor whose oscillating motor shaft is connected to an unbalance group and whose oscillating motor housing is connected to another shaft group in order to Changing the rotational position of the oscillating motor housing relative to the oscillating motor shaft to change the phase position.
  • the documents show similar vibration generators with phase-shiftable imbalances EP 31 65 290 A1 , EP 27 89 402 A1 , DE 195 29 115 A1 and DE 29 32 287 A1 .
  • this previously known vibration generator is relatively bulky in terms of its size and tends to generate unwanted lateral forces or wobbling movements if an unfavorable phase offset is set.
  • it is not very easy to move the rotary vane swivel motor to the desired rotary position and to hold it in this position.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating an improved vibration generator of the type mentioned at the outset, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner.
  • any phase adjustment should be easy with a compact design be adjustable in order to be able to adapt the vibration characteristic to suit different soil conditions.
  • the unbalanced groups rotating at different speeds should no longer be stacked one above the other, but also arranged coaxially with one another, so that unbalanced masses rotating at different speeds and/or directions of rotation rotate on the same axis.
  • the unbalanced masses of different unbalanced strands are arranged coaxially with one another without a fixed transmission ratio, the unbalanced masses of a first unbalanced mass being arranged between the coaxial unbalanced masses of a second unbalanced strand and the drive device being designed to drive the unbalanced strands with variable speed differences relative to one another.
  • coaxial imbalances can run at different speeds and their speeds can be changed relative to one another.
  • the second unbalance strand into two sub-strands or strand branches, which flank the first unbalance strand on the right and left, it is possible to operate only one of the unbalance strands mentioned, while the other unbalance strand is stopped, without the exciter cell becoming unbalanced would.
  • the speed difference between the imbalances of the first unbalance strand and the imbalances of the second unbalance strand can be varied as desired in order to adapt the characteristic curve of the vibration generator to the respective soil conditions, the exciter cell as a whole remaining in equilibrium regardless of the speed difference set in each case.
  • the speed set for one unbalanced group or one unbalanced strand can be a multiple of the speed of the other unbalanced strand.
  • the speed ratio can also be set in such a way that one unbalanced strand generates a sine oscillation and the other unbalanced strand generates a cosine oscillation, which are superimposed on one another.
  • the first unbalanced strand whose unbalanced masses are arranged between the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand arranged coaxially thereto, can itself also be split into two sub-strands or strand branches and comprise unbalanced masses arranged in pairs next to one another, both of which are between the unbalanced masses of the second drive train are arranged.
  • imbalances can be arranged coaxially to one another, of which two belong to the first imbalance strand and two to the second imbalance strand, which first and second imbalance strands can be driven at different speeds.
  • the four coaxial imbalances mentioned can be driven in pairs at the same speeds, with the two inner imbalances being able to be driven at the same speed and the two outer imbalances being able to be driven at the same speed, the speed of the outer imbalances being opposite the rotational speed of the two inner imbalances can advantageously be varied as desired, in particular steplessly, in order to be able to set different phase offsets.
  • the external imbalances can rotate at a speed that the speed of the corresponds to internal imbalances or is a multiple of the speed of the internal imbalances or is a fraction of the speed of the internal imbalances.
  • each of the four imbalances can be varied relative to each other and/or the speed of the inner imbalances can be varied relative to each other, so that, for example, one inner imbalance runs faster than the other inner imbalance and/or alternatively one of the outer imbalances runs faster than the other external imbalance.
  • the aforementioned planetary gear can be omitted and the imbalance can be adjusted by the drive motors, the speeds of which can be adjusted and/or regulated.
  • a control device or a controller can control the said drive motors and coordinate their speeds with one another in the desired manner.
  • a forced coupling between the imbalances and their speeds in particular in the form of a gear stage of a mechanical forced coupling stage, can be omitted.
  • a gear ratio of -1 can be provided between the output shafts.
  • the drive device can have separate drive motors for the different unbalanced strands, which can be controlled individually by a control device in order to be able to set the desired speed difference.
  • at least three, preferably four, drive motors can be provided, of which each drive motor drives an unbalanced strand or strand branch of unbalanced masses assigned to it.
  • two drive motors can be provided, each drive motor driving one of the branches of the first unbalanced strand and one of the outer branches of the aforementioned second unbalanced strand.
  • two drive motors can be provided each of which drives one of the strand branches of the aforementioned first unbalanced strand, which is positioned in the middle or between the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand, and a strand branch of the further unbalanced strand.
  • At least one drive can be provided in both strands, with the strands being able to be connected to one another and/or coupled by a gear or a coupling, in particular the aforementioned planetary gear, in such a way that they have the same speed.
  • the strands mentioned also function independently of one another.
  • the control device for controlling the drive motors can advantageously include an adjustable speed difference sensor for variably setting different speed differences between the unbalance strands.
  • an adjustable speed difference sensor for variably setting different speed differences between the unbalance strands.
  • control device can include speed controllers for controlling the speeds of the various drive motors and thus the speeds of the unbalanced strands depending on a detected actual speed and a variably predeterminable target speed.
  • a desired speed difference can also be set variably by braking at least one of the imbalance groups by a braking device.
  • the drive device can have a braking device for braking at least one of the unbalanced strands, preferably for braking both, ie the aforementioned first and second unbalanced strands, in order to produce a desired phase offset.
  • the unbalance group mentioned can be braked a little by the braking device.
  • each of the two unbalance strands can be braked independently of one another in order to be able to set the phase offset differently, in particular to be able to regulate it.
  • Said braking device can comprise two braking units, which are each arranged in a stationary manner on the one hand and are rotationally connected to one of the unbalanced strands on the other hand.
  • each of the unbalanced strands can be assigned a speed sensor, which records the actual speed of the respective unbalances and/or the drive shafts or wheels assigned to them and reports this back to the control device, so that the control device controls the drive motors accordingly and/or or can actuate the braking device accordingly in order to be able to set the desired speed and/or the desired phase offset.
  • the mechanical adjusting device for adjusting the phase position of the unbalanced masses relative to one another comprises a planetary gear which is advantageously designed in at least two stages, in order to adjust the phase position of the unbalanced masses of one unbalanced strand with one planetary stage and the phase position of the unbalanced masses of the other unbalanced strand with the other planetary stage can.
  • said planetary gear comprises at least four output strands and one adjustment input strand for adjusting the phase position of the output strands relative to one another.
  • the phase-adjustable imbalances of the first unbalanced strand are connected to two of the four output strands mentioned and the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand, phase-adjustable relative to one another, are connected to two more of the named output strands of the planetary gear.
  • the four output strands mentioned can come from a joint, two-stage planetary carrier, which is connected to the adjustment input train mentioned and can be adjusted by the adjustment input train mentioned.
  • the mutually phase-adjustable imbalances of the aforementioned first imbalance strand can advantageously be connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to a ring gear of a first planetary gear stage, while the mutually phase-adjustable imbalances of the aforementioned second imbalance strand can be connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to a ring gear of a second planetary gear stage could be.
  • the two planetary gear stages can be connected by the common, two-stage and adjustable planet carrier, so that both the phase position of the imbalances in the first unbalanced strand and the phase position of the imbalances in the second unbalanced strand can be adjusted by adjusting the said planet carrier.
  • each stage of the named common planetary carrier is connected to only one unbalanced strand.
  • Said adjustment input train of the planetary gear can be actuated by a suitable adjustment drive, for example, moved back and forth between two end positions by a pressure medium cylinder.
  • the two end positions can be defined or limited by stops such that in a first position the unbalanced masses rotate synchronously with one another and generate rectified forces, while the unbalanced masses compensate one another in a second end position.
  • intermediate positions can also be set by the adjustment drive in order to be able to set different strengths of the vibrations.
  • said planetary gear can be arranged on one side of the unbalanced mass strands, while the drive motors for driving the revolving unbalanced masses can be arranged on a common side of the unbalanced mass strands opposite the planetary gear. If four drive motors are provided in the aforementioned manner, two drive motors can be arranged on one side and two further drive motors on an opposite side of a center plane, which center plane can contain the axis of rotation of the aforementioned planet carrier of the planetary gear.
  • the vibration generator 10 can have an exciter cell 20 with a plurality of exciter cell shafts or axes which are aligned parallel to one another, preferably in a horizontal manner and which are accommodated in an exciter cell housing 3 and are rotatably mounted.
  • the exciter cell shafts mentioned are advantageously arranged one above the other in a common, upright plane, cf. 3 and 4 .
  • a plurality of imbalances are arranged on at least some of the exciter cell shafts or axes mentioned, which rotate about the respective axes.
  • all exciter cell shafts or axles with the exception of an exciter cell shaft 6, which is used to adjust the phase position, carry imbalances, with the exciter cell shaft 6 mentioned advantageously being able to be arranged centrally without imbalances and being in rolling engagement with at least two adjacent exciter cell shafts 5 and 7 by means of spur gears can.
  • Each of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5 and 7, 8 can advantageously carry at least four unbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 and 2.1, so that four unbalances are arranged coaxially to one another.
  • Each imbalance 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 and 2.1 is non-rotatably connected to a spur gear, which is also mounted on the respective exciter cell shaft 2 and is in rolling engagement with a spur gear on the next, adjacent exciter cell shaft in order to rotate via the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7 and 8 to form several imbalance strands S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 and S.1.1, the imbalances of which are each driven together and/or are driven at a predetermined speed or a predetermined step-up and step-down ratio.
  • the four or more coaxially arranged on an exciter cell shaft 4, 5, 7 or 8 imbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 are each arranged without a fixed transmission ratio and can accordingly different speeds, ie relatively different speeds are driven, it being possible in particular that an unbalanced strand can rotate at a speed that can be a multiple of the speed of another unbalanced strand.
  • the two speed strands S1.1 and S1.2 can rotate at twice the speed of the unbalanced strand 2.1 and 2.2, although other speed ratios can also be set by adjusting or changing the speeds.
  • All imbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 which are coaxially seated on the same axis, can be rotated relative to the respective axis and only be connected to the respective spur gear 9 in a rotationally fixed manner.
  • one of the spur gears or one of the imbalances can also be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the respective exciter cell shaft 4, 5, 7 or 8 in order to simplify the driving or the connection of the drive motor.
  • the motor MS1.1 drives all imbalances or the spur gears of the imbalance strand S1.1 that are connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner, with the rotary movement of the named motor being introduced into the exciter cell shaft 4 and then, via the spur gears 9, which are in rolling contact with each other, being applied to the imbalances of the imbalances supported by other exciter cell shafts or axes can be transmitted.
  • the drive motor MS2.1 drives the imbalances of the imbalance strand S2.1, it being possible for the named motor MS2.1 to be coupled to the shaft 5 of the exciter cell.
  • the drive motor MS1.2 can drive the exciter cell shaft 7, which drives the unbalanced masses 1.2 of the unbalanced strand S1.2 via the corresponding spur gears 9.
  • the additional drive motor MS2.2 can be arranged on the fourth imbalance shaft 8 and can drive the imbalances 2.2 of the imbalance strand S2.2, cf. 1 .
  • the two strand branches S2.2 and S2.1 which belong to a first unbalanced strand 2 are arranged centrally between the strand branches S1.1 and S1.2, which belong to a second unbalanced strand 1.
  • the unbalanced masses 2.1 and 2.2 of the named branches of the first unbalanced strand 2 are arranged between the unbalanced masses 1.1 and 1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1, which are coaxial thereto. This applies to each of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7 and 8, each of which carries imbalances.
  • the adjusting device 11 which comprises a planetary gear 12, cf. 1 .
  • said planetary gear 12 has at least four output strands 13, 14 and 15, 16, which are each coupled to one of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7, 8 or to one of the unbalance strands 1 and 2 or one of the strand branches S1. 1, S1.2, S2.1 and S2.2 are coupled, so that the phase position of the unbalanced strands or strand branches 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 can be adjusted relative to one another by rotating said output strands 13, 14, 15, 16 relative to one another can.
  • said planetary gear 12 can advantageously have two planetary gear stages 17 and 18, of which a first planetary gear stage 17 is coupled to the strand branches S2.2 and S2.1 of the first unbalanced strand 2 on the output side.
  • a second planetary gear stage 18 is, however, coupled to the strand branches S1.1 and S1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1 on the output side.
  • the two planetary gear stages 17 and 18 can be connected to one another via a common, two-stage planetary carrier 19 which carries the planetary gears of both the first planetary gear stage 17 and the planetary gears of the second planetary gear stage 18 .
  • the output strands 13 and 14 of the first planetary gear stage 17 can be formed on the one hand by its sun gear and on the other hand by its ring gear or be connected to its sun gear and its ring gear.
  • the output strands 15 and 16 of the second planetary gear stage 18 can also be formed by their sun gear and their ring gear or be connected thereto.
  • the first planetary gear stage 17 can be connected with its sun gear in a torque-proof manner to the strand branch 2.2 of the first unbalanced strand 2 and via its ring gear to the stranded branch 2.1 of the first unbalanced strand 2.
  • the second planetary gear stage 18 can be coupled with its sun gear to the branch S1.1 of the second unbalanced strand 1 and via its ring gear to the strand S1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1.
  • the planetary gear 12 can be connected to an adjustment drive 21, by means of which the said common planetary carrier 19 can be adjusted.
  • Said adjustment drive 21 can be a hydraulic cylinder, for example, like this 4 shows in order to be able to twist or adjust the planet carrier 19 back and forth between two end positions. If the adjusting drive 21 is controlled accordingly, intermediate positions can also be approached if necessary.
  • the imbalances of the imbalance strands 1 and 2 can be adjusted relative to each other in their phase position to the generated imbalance forces to synchronize with each other or to compensate and / or to be able to make intermediate positions for adjusting the vibrating force.
  • the unbalanced strands 1 and 2 in particular their strand branches S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 and S1.1 can advantageously each individually in their speeds be adjusted, in particular between the unbalanced strands any speed difference can be adjusted, preferably steplessly, in order to adapt the vibration characteristic of the vibration generator 10 to the respective circumstances, in particular ground conditions.
  • the drive device 22 comprising the mentioned drive motors MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 and MS2.2 can comprise a control device 23, by means of which the speeds of the mentioned drive motors can be set individually.
  • Said control device 21 can be designed electronically in order to control the engine speed.
  • the control device 21 includes a speed difference sensor 24, by means of which the desired speed difference between the respective unbalance strands can be adjusted.
  • control device 23 can include a speed controller 25 for controlling the speeds of the named drive motors MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 and MS2.2, which speed controller 25 controls the speed of the respective drive motor or the unbalance group driven by it as a function of a sensor detected actual speed and a variably definable target speed controls.
  • the actual speed can advantageously be detected by means of speed sensors 26 that work in a contactless manner.
  • Said speed sensors 26 can, for example, be proximity sensors that work in a non-contact manner, which detect the cyclic approach of the imbalances.
  • speed sensors 26 of a different design can also be provided, which, for example, detect the speed of the associated spur gears in a tactile or non-contact manner, which are non-rotatably connected to the imbalances.
  • speed sensors can also be assigned to the drive motors themselves.
  • a desired Speed difference can also be set via a braking device 27, which can advantageously include two braking units 28 and 29 to brake the first unbalanced strand 2 on the one hand and the second unbalanced strand 1 on the other.
  • said braking device 27 can advantageously be arranged on the side of the planetary gear 12 and/or be combined with the planetary gear 12 to form an assembly and/or be connected between the planetary gear 12 and the exciter cell shafts.
  • the brake units 28 and 29 can on the one hand each have a stationary assembly which can act, for example, on the planetary gear housing and/or on the exciter cell housing.
  • a running brake assembly of the first brake unit 28 can brake the exciter cell shaft 5 and/or the drive motor MS2.1 and/or the imbalances or the spur gears of the strand branch S2.1 of the first imbalance strand 2, while the running brake elements of the second brake unit 29 brake the exciter cell shaft 4 and/or the motor MS1.1 and/or the imbalances or the associated spur gears of the strand branch S1.1 of the second imbalance strand 1, cf. figures 1 and 2 .
  • the braking device 27 is controlled by the named control device 21 in order to set the desired speed differences between the unbalance strands.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Schwingungserzeuger für Rammgeräte, Bodenverdichter oder andere Baumaschinen, mit zumindest zwei Unwuchtsträngen, die jeweils von einer Antriebsvorrichtung rotierend antreibbare Unwuchten umfassen, sowie einer Verstellvorrichtung zum Verstellen der Phasenlage der rotierenden Unwuchten relativ zueinander.The present invention relates to a vibration generator for piling equipment, soil compactors or other construction machines, with at least two imbalance strands, each comprising imbalances that can be driven in rotation by a drive device, and an adjustment device for adjusting the phase position of the rotating imbalances relative to one another.

Solche bisweilen als Rüttler bezeichneten Schwingungserzeuger können im Bauwesen beispielsweise für Rammgeräte oder Bodenverdichter verdichtet werden, um gerichtete Vibrationen zu erzeugen, mittels derer beispielsweise Spundwände in den Boden gerammt, Rüttelstopfsäulen in den Boden eingebracht oder das Erdreich verdichtet bzw. planiert werden kann. Gegebenenfalls kann der Boden auch aufbereitet werden, um das Einrammen oder Herausziehen von Spundbohlen oder anderen Bauelementen wie Pfählen und dergleichen zu erleichtern. Die Vibrationen erzeugende Erregerzelle solcher Rüttler kann dabei an einem verfahrbaren Ziehjoch einer Spezialtiefbaumaschine wie beispielsweise Bohr- und/oder Rammgeräten, Mäklern oder Seilbaggern angebracht sein, mittels dessen die Rüttlereinheit üblicherweise in aufrechter Richtung verfahrbar ist.Such vibration generators, sometimes referred to as vibrators, can be compacted in the construction industry, for example for piling equipment or soil compactors, in order to generate directed vibrations, by means of which, for example, sheet piling can be rammed into the soil, vibratory tamping columns can be introduced into the soil or the soil can be compacted or leveled. If necessary, the ground can also be prepared to facilitate the driving or extraction of sheet piles or other structural elements such as piles and the like. The vibration-generating exciter cell of such vibrators can be attached to a movable draw frame of a special civil engineering machine such as drilling and/or piling equipment, leaders or cable excavators, by means of which the vibrator unit can usually be moved in an upright direction.

Um vorrangig vertikale oder zumindest in aufrechter Richtung wirkende Schwingungen zu erzeugen, können in der Erregerzelle mehrere Wellen oder Räder aufgenommen werden, die um parallele, liegend ausgerichtete Achsen umlaufen und Unwuchtmassen tragen, die durch entsprechende Fliehkräfte bei der Umlaufbewegung Beschleunigungen und damit die gewünschten Vibrationen erzeugen. Dabei werden die Unwuchtmassen üblicherweise auf mehrere Räder bzw. Wellen aufgeteilt und hinsichtlich ihrer Anordnung, Drehrichtung und Phasenlage zueinander so abgestimmt, dass Kräfte in horizontaler bzw. liegender Richtung möglichst kompensiert werden.In order to primarily generate vertical vibrations or at least those acting in an upright direction, the exciter cell can accommodate several shafts or wheels, which revolve around parallel, horizontally aligned axes and carry unbalanced masses, which generate acceleration and thus the desired vibrations through corresponding centrifugal forces during the rotational movement . The unbalanced masses are usually distributed over several wheels or shafts and their arrangement, direction of rotation and phasing are matched to one another in such a way that forces in the horizontal or lying direction are compensated for as far as possible.

Durch eine mechanische Verstellvorrichtung können dabei die Kräfte zweier Unwuchtstränge wahlweise miteinander synchronisiert oder neutralisiert werden. Gemäß der Schrift WO 2016/128136 A1 kann eine solche Verstellvorrichtung ein Planetengetriebe umfassen, das zwei Ausgangsstränge umfasst, die relativ zueinander durch einen verstellbaren Eingangsstrang, an den beispielsweise ein Stellzylinder angebunden sein kann, verstellt werden können, sodass an die Ausgangsstränge des Planetengetriebes angebundene Unwuchten in ihrer Phasenlage ebenfalls verstellt werden, um ihre Kräfte zu synchronisieren bzw. zu neutralisieren.The forces of two unbalance strands can be selectively synchronized or neutralized with one another by means of a mechanical adjusting device. According to Scripture WO 2016/128136 A1 such an adjustment device may comprise a planetary gear, which comprises two output strands, which can be adjusted relative to one another by an adjustable input strand to which, for example, an actuating cylinder can be connected, so that imbalances connected to the output strands of the planetary gear are also adjusted in their phase position in order to to synchronize or neutralize their powers.

Die Kräfte der Unwuchten können dabei in ihrem Verlauf jeweils durch eine Sinusform beschrieben werden, woraus sich ergibt, dass die resultierende Kraft des Rüttlers ebenfalls sinusförmig ist. Damit ist der Betrag der Kraft in die negative und in die positive Richtung jeweils gleich groß. Dies hat den Nachteil, dass zum einen der Boden, dessen Grundfrequenz ebenfalls sinusförmig ist, ab einem bestimmten Punkt nicht mehr von der Erregerzelle in einen pseudoflüssigen Zustand versetzt werden kann. Zum anderen muss eine zusätzliche Kraft aufgebracht werden, um das Rammgut in den Boden einzubringen.The course of the forces of the imbalances can be described by a sinusoidal shape, which means that the resulting force of the vibrator is also sinusoidal. This means that the amount of force in the negative and in the positive direction is the same in each case. This has the disadvantage that, on the one hand, the bottom, whose fundamental frequency is also sinusoidal, can no longer be put into a pseudo-liquid state by the exciter cell from a certain point onwards. On the other hand, an additional force must be applied in order to drive the piling into the ground.

Um hier Abhilfe zu schaffen, ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Überlagerung der Kräfte der verschiedenen Unwuchtstränge durch eine variabel einstellbare Phasenverschiebung variiert werden kann, um die Anregung des Bodens beeinflussen zu können. Dabei kann es insbesondere vorteilhaft sein, wenn eine Sinusschwingung mit einer Kosinusschwingung überlagert werden kann, wodurch der Boden besser in einen pseudoflüssigen Zustand versetzt werden kann. Wenn die Phasenverschiebung der Kräfte variabel einstellbar ist, kann die Schwingungskennlinie des Rüttlers bzw. der Erregerzelle dem Einzelfall angepasst und auf den jeweiligen Boden abgestimmt werden.In order to remedy this, it is advantageous if the superimposition of the forces of the various unbalance strands by a variably adjustable Phase shift can be varied in order to be able to influence the excitation of the soil. In this case, it can be particularly advantageous if a sine oscillation can be superimposed with a cosine oscillation, as a result of which the soil can be better placed in a pseudo-liquid state. If the phase shift of the forces can be variably adjusted, the vibration characteristic of the vibrator or the exciter cell can be adapted to the individual case and matched to the respective soil.

Die Schrift EP 21 58 976 B1 beschreibt einen solchen Schwingungserzeuger, bei dem die Phasenverschiebung zwischen den Unwuchten im Betrieb veränderbar ist. Der Schwingungserzeuger umfasst dabei mehrere Wellengruppen mit daran angebrachten Unwuchten, die über- bzw. untereinander angeordnet sind, sodass sich die vertikalen Kräfte aufaddieren bzw. kompensieren können. Dabei kann die eine Wellengruppe mit einer Drehzahl angetrieben werden, die ein ganzzahliges Vielfaches der Drehzahl der anderen Wellengruppe beträgt, wobei der Phasenschieber zur Einstellung des Phasenversatzes einen Drehflügelschwenkmotor umfasst, dessen Schwenkmotorwelle mit einer Unwuchtgruppe und dessen Schwenkmotorgehäuse mit einer anderen Wellengruppe verbunden ist, um durch Verändern der Drehstellung des Schwenkmotorgehäuses relativ zur Schwenkmotorwelle die Phasenlage zu verändern. Ähnliche Schwingungserzeuger mit phasenverschiebbaren Unwuchten zeigen die Schriften EP 31 65 290 A1 , EP 27 89 402 A1 , DE 195 29 115 A1 und DE 29 32 287 A1 .The font EP 21 58 976 B1 describes such a vibration generator in which the phase shift between the unbalanced masses can be changed during operation. In this case, the vibration generator comprises a plurality of shaft groups with imbalances attached to them, which are arranged above or below one another, so that the vertical forces can add up or compensate. In this case, one shaft group can be driven at a speed which is an integral multiple of the speed of the other shaft group, with the phase shifter for setting the phase offset comprising a rotary vane oscillating motor whose oscillating motor shaft is connected to an unbalance group and whose oscillating motor housing is connected to another shaft group in order to Changing the rotational position of the oscillating motor housing relative to the oscillating motor shaft to change the phase position. The documents show similar vibration generators with phase-shiftable imbalances EP 31 65 290 A1 , EP 27 89 402 A1 , DE 195 29 115 A1 and DE 29 32 287 A1 .

Dieser vorbekannte Schwingungserzeuger baut hinsichtlich seiner Größe jedoch relativ sperrig und neigt dazu, ungewollte Querkräfte bzw. Taumelbewegungen zu erzeugen, wenn ein ungünstiger Phasenversatz eingestellt wird. Zudem ist es nicht ganz einfach, den Drehflügelschwenkmotor in die gewünschte Drehstellung zu fahren und in dieser zu halten.However, this previously known vibration generator is relatively bulky in terms of its size and tends to generate unwanted lateral forces or wobbling movements if an unfavorable phase offset is set. In addition, it is not very easy to move the rotary vane swivel motor to the desired rotary position and to hold it in this position.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen verbesserten Schwingungserzeuger der eingangs genannten Art zu schaffen, der Nachteile des Standes der Technik vermeidet und letzteren in vorteilhafter Weise weiterbildet. Insbesondere soll bei kompakter Bauweise eine beliebige Phasenverstellung leicht einstellbar sein, um die Schwingungskennlinie passend an verschiedene Bodengegebenheiten anpassen zu können.The present invention is based on the object of creating an improved vibration generator of the type mentioned at the outset, which avoids the disadvantages of the prior art and further develops the latter in an advantageous manner. In particular, any phase adjustment should be easy with a compact design be adjustable in order to be able to adapt the vibration characteristic to suit different soil conditions.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die genannte Aufgabe durch einen Schwingungserzeuger gemäß Anspruch 1 sowie eine Baumaschine gemäß Anspruch 15 gelöst. Bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung sind Gegenstand der abhängigen Ansprüche.According to the invention, the stated object is achieved by a vibration generator according to claim 1 and a construction machine according to claim 15. Preferred developments of the invention are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

Es wird also vorgeschlagen, die mit verschiedenen Drehzahlen rotierenden Unwuchtgruppen nicht mehr bzw. nicht mehr nur übereinander und untereinander zu stapeln, sondern auch koaxial zueinander anzuordnen, sodass mit verschiedenen Drehzahlen und/oder Drehrichtungen laufende Unwuchten auf derselben Achse rotieren. Erfindungsgemäß sind die Unwuchten verschiedener Unwuchtstränge ohne festes Übersetzungsverhältnis zueinander koaxial angeordnet, wobei die Unwuchten eines ersten Unwuchtstrangs zwischen den dazu koaxialen Unwuchten eines zweiten Unwuchtstrangs angeordnet sind und die Antriebsvorrichtung dazu ausgebildet ist, die Unwuchtstränge mit zueinander veränderbaren Drehzahldifferenzen anzutreiben. Trotz Anordnung auf derselben Achse können koaxiale Unwuchten mit verschiedenen Drehzahlen laufen und in ihren Drehzahlen relativ zueinander verändert werden. Durch die beidseits eingefasste Anordnung des ersten Unwuchtstrangs zwischen den dazu koaxialen Unwuchten des zweiten Antriebsstrangs wird nicht nur eine kompakte Baugröße erzielt, sondern es wird auch eine verbesserte Balance der Unwuchten erreicht, sodass der Vibrationserzeuger auch bei verschiedenen Phasenverschiebungen austariert bleibt.It is therefore proposed that the unbalanced groups rotating at different speeds should no longer be stacked one above the other, but also arranged coaxially with one another, so that unbalanced masses rotating at different speeds and/or directions of rotation rotate on the same axis. According to the invention, the unbalanced masses of different unbalanced strands are arranged coaxially with one another without a fixed transmission ratio, the unbalanced masses of a first unbalanced mass being arranged between the coaxial unbalanced masses of a second unbalanced strand and the drive device being designed to drive the unbalanced strands with variable speed differences relative to one another. Despite being arranged on the same axis, coaxial imbalances can run at different speeds and their speeds can be changed relative to one another. By arranging the first unbalance train between the coaxial unbalances of the second drive train, which is enclosed on both sides, not only a compact size is achieved, but also an improved balance of the unbalances is achieved, so that the vibration generator remains balanced even with different phase shifts.

Insbesondere ist es durch die Aufspaltung des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs in zwei Unterstränge bzw. Strangzweige, die den ersten Unwuchtstrang rechts und links flankieren, möglich, nur einen der genannten Unwuchtstränge zu betreiben, während der andere Unwuchtstrang stillgesetzt wird, ohne dass die Erregerzelle aus dem Gleichgewicht geraten würde. Gleichermaßen kann die Drehzahldifferenz zwischen den Unwuchten des ersten Unwuchtstrangs und den Unwuchten des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs beliebig variiert werden, um die Kennlinie des Schwingungserzeugers an die jeweiligen Bodenverhältnisse anzupassen, wobei unabhängig von dem jeweils eingestellten Drehzahlunterschied die Erregerzelle insgesamt im Gleichgewicht bleibt.In particular, by splitting the second unbalance strand into two sub-strands or strand branches, which flank the first unbalance strand on the right and left, it is possible to operate only one of the unbalance strands mentioned, while the other unbalance strand is stopped, without the exciter cell becoming unbalanced would. Likewise, the speed difference between the imbalances of the first unbalance strand and the imbalances of the second unbalance strand can be varied as desired in order to adapt the characteristic curve of the vibration generator to the respective soil conditions, the exciter cell as a whole remaining in equilibrium regardless of the speed difference set in each case.

Insbesondere kann die für die eine Unwuchtgruppe bzw. den einen Unwuchtstrang eingestellte Drehzahl ein Vielfaches der Drehzahl des anderen Unwuchtstrangs betragen. Insbesondere kann das Drehzahlverhältnis auch derart eingestellt sein, dass der eine Unwuchtstrang eine Sinusschwingung und der andere Unwuchtstrang eine Kosinusschwingung erzeugt, die einander überlagert werden.In particular, the speed set for one unbalanced group or one unbalanced strand can be a multiple of the speed of the other unbalanced strand. In particular, the speed ratio can also be set in such a way that one unbalanced strand generates a sine oscillation and the other unbalanced strand generates a cosine oscillation, which are superimposed on one another.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung kann auch der erste Unwuchtstrang, dessen Unwuchten zwischen den dazu koaxial angeordneten Unwuchten des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs angeordnet sind, selbst ebenfalls in zwei Unterstränge bzw. Strangzweige aufgespalten sein und paarweise nebeneinander angeordnete Unwuchten umfassen, die beide jeweils zwischen den Unwuchten des zweiten Antriebsstrangs angeordnet sind.In a further development of the invention, the first unbalanced strand, whose unbalanced masses are arranged between the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand arranged coaxially thereto, can itself also be split into two sub-strands or strand branches and comprise unbalanced masses arranged in pairs next to one another, both of which are between the unbalanced masses of the second drive train are arranged.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können also insbesondere jeweils vier Unwuchten koaxial zueinander angeordnet sein, von denen zwei zum ersten Unwuchtstrang und zwei zum zweiten Unwuchtstrang gehören, welche ersten und zweiten Unwuchtstränge mit zueinander verschiedenen Drehzahlen angetrieben werden können.In a further development of the invention, in particular four imbalances can be arranged coaxially to one another, of which two belong to the first imbalance strand and two to the second imbalance strand, which first and second imbalance strands can be driven at different speeds.

Bei einer solchen koaxialen Anordnung von zumindest vier Unwuchten können die genannten vier koaxialen Unwuchten jeweils paarweise mit denselben Drehzahlen angetrieben werden, wobei die beiden inneren Unwuchten mit derselben Drehzahl und die beiden äußeren Unwuchten mit derselben Drehzahl angetrieben werden können, wobei die Drehzahl der äußeren Unwuchten gegenüber der Drehzahl der beiden inneren Unwuchten vorteilhafterweise beliebig, insbesondere stufenlos variiert werden kann, um verschiedenen Phasenversatz einstellen zu können. Die äußeren Unwuchten können dabei mit einer Drehzahl rotieren, die der Drehzahl der inneren Unwuchten entspricht oder ein Vielfaches der Drehzahl der inneren Unwuchten beträgt oder einen Bruchteil der Drehzahl der inneren Unwuchten beträgt.With such a coaxial arrangement of at least four imbalances, the four coaxial imbalances mentioned can be driven in pairs at the same speeds, with the two inner imbalances being able to be driven at the same speed and the two outer imbalances being able to be driven at the same speed, the speed of the outer imbalances being opposite the rotational speed of the two inner imbalances can advantageously be varied as desired, in particular steplessly, in order to be able to set different phase offsets. The external imbalances can rotate at a speed that the speed of the corresponds to internal imbalances or is a multiple of the speed of the internal imbalances or is a fraction of the speed of the internal imbalances.

Alternativ zu einer solchen paarweisen Angleichung der Drehzahlen ist es aber in Weiterbildung der Erfindung auch möglich, jede der vier Unwuchten mit einer eigenen Drehzahl anzutreiben. Insbesondere kann auch die Drehzahl der beiden äußeren Unwuchten relativ zueinander variiert werden und/oder die Drehzahl der inneren Unwuchten relativ zueinander variiert werden, sodass beispielsweise eine innere Unwucht schneller läuft als die andere innere Unwucht, und/oder alternativ eine der äußeren Unwuchten schneller läuft als die andere äußere Unwucht.As an alternative to such a matching of the speeds in pairs, it is also possible in a further development of the invention to drive each of the four imbalances with its own speed. In particular, the speed of the two outer imbalances can be varied relative to each other and/or the speed of the inner imbalances can be varied relative to each other, so that, for example, one inner imbalance runs faster than the other inner imbalance and/or alternatively one of the outer imbalances runs faster than the other external imbalance.

Als Alternative, welche nicht Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist, kann das zuvor genannte Planetengetriebe entfallen und die Verstellung der Unwucht durch die Antriebsmotoren erfolgen, die in ihren Drehzahlen verstellt werden und/oder geregelt werden können. Eine Regelvorrichtung bzw. ein Regler kann die genannten Antriebsmotoren ansteuern und in ihren Drehzahlen in gewünschter Weise aufeinander abstimmen. Eine Zwangskopplung zwischen den Unwuchten und deren Drehzahlen, insbesondere in Form einer Getriebestufe einer mechanischen Zwangskoppelstufe, kann entfallen. Beispielsweise kann zwischen den Ausgangswellen eine Übersetzung von -1 vorgesehen werden.As an alternative, which is not the subject of the present invention, the aforementioned planetary gear can be omitted and the imbalance can be adjusted by the drive motors, the speeds of which can be adjusted and/or regulated. A control device or a controller can control the said drive motors and coordinate their speeds with one another in the desired manner. A forced coupling between the imbalances and their speeds, in particular in the form of a gear stage of a mechanical forced coupling stage, can be omitted. For example, a gear ratio of -1 can be provided between the output shafts.

Um die Drehzahlen der Unwuchtstränge relativ zueinander variieren zu können, kann die Antriebsvorrichtung für die verschiedenen Unwuchtstränge separate Antriebsmotoren aufweisen, die von einer Steuervorrichtung individuell angesteuert werden können, um die gewünschte Drehzahldifferenz einstellen zu können. Insbesondere können zumindest drei, vorzugsweise vier Antriebsmotoren vorgesehen sein, von denen ein jeder Antriebsmotor einen ihm zugeordneten Unwuchtstrang bzw. Strangzweig von Unwuchten antreibt. In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können zwei Antriebsmotoren vorgesehen sein, von denen ein jeder Antriebsmotor einen der Strangzweige des ersten Unwuchtstrangs und einen der äußeren Strangzweige des zuvor genannten zweiten Unwuchtstrangs antreibt. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können zwei Antriebsmotoren vorgesehen sein, von denen ein jeder einen der Strangzweige des zuvor genannten ersten Unwuchtstrangs, der mittig bzw. zwischen den Unwuchten des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs positioniert ist und einen Strangzweig des weiteren Unwuchtstrangs, antreibt.In order to be able to vary the speeds of the unbalanced strands relative to one another, the drive device can have separate drive motors for the different unbalanced strands, which can be controlled individually by a control device in order to be able to set the desired speed difference. In particular, at least three, preferably four, drive motors can be provided, of which each drive motor drives an unbalanced strand or strand branch of unbalanced masses assigned to it. In a further development of the invention, two drive motors can be provided, each drive motor driving one of the branches of the first unbalanced strand and one of the outer branches of the aforementioned second unbalanced strand. Alternatively or additionally, two drive motors can be provided each of which drives one of the strand branches of the aforementioned first unbalanced strand, which is positioned in the middle or between the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand, and a strand branch of the further unbalanced strand.

Vorteilhafterweise kann in beiden Strängen mindestens ein Antrieb vorgesehen sein, wobei durch ein Getriebe oder eine Kopplung, insbesondere das zuvor genannte Planetengetriebe, die Stränge miteinander verbunden und/oder derart gekoppelt sein können, dass sie die gleiche Drehzahl aufweisen. Die genannten Stränge bis auf die Verstellung auch unabhängig voneinander funktionieren.Advantageously, at least one drive can be provided in both strands, with the strands being able to be connected to one another and/or coupled by a gear or a coupling, in particular the aforementioned planetary gear, in such a way that they have the same speed. Apart from the adjustment, the strands mentioned also function independently of one another.

Die Steuervorrichtung zum Ansteuern der Antriebsmotoren kann vorteilhafterweise einen verstellbaren Drehzahldifferenzgeber zum variablen Einstellen verschiedener Drehzahldifferenzen zwischen den Unwuchtsträngen umfassen. Durch einen solchen Drehzahldifferenzgeber ist es in einfacher Weise möglich, die Drehzahldifferenzen zwischen den Unwuchtsträngen zu variieren, um die Vibrationskennlinie an die Bodengegebenheiten anpassen zu können.The control device for controlling the drive motors can advantageously include an adjustable speed difference sensor for variably setting different speed differences between the unbalance strands. Such a speed difference sensor makes it possible in a simple manner to vary the speed differences between the unbalance strands in order to be able to adapt the vibration characteristic to the ground conditions.

Insbesondere kann die genannte Steuervorrichtung Drehzahlregler zum Regeln der Drehzahlen der verschiedenen Antriebsmotoren und damit der Drehzahlen der Unwuchtstränge in Abhängigkeit einer erfassten Ist-Drehzahl und einer variabel vorgebbaren Soll-Drehzahl umfassen.In particular, the named control device can include speed controllers for controlling the speeds of the various drive motors and thus the speeds of the unbalanced strands depending on a detected actual speed and a variably predeterminable target speed.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu dem genannten Einstellen der Drehzahldifferenzen durch individuelle Ansteuerung und/oder Regelung der Drehzahlen kann eine gewünschte Drehzahldifferenz variabel auch dadurch eingestellt werden, dass zumindest eine der Unwuchtgruppen von einer Bremsvorrichtung angebremst wird. Die Antriebsvorrichtung kann hierzu eine Bremsvorrichtung zum Anbremsen zumindest eines der Unwuchtstränge, vorzugsweise zum Anbremsen beider, d.h. der zuvor genannten ersten und zweiten Unwuchtstränge zum Erzeugen eines gewünschten Phasenversatzes aufweisen. Um eine Unwuchtgruppe mit einem gewissen Phasenversatz hinter der anderen Unwuchtgruppe herlaufen zu lassen, kann die genannte Unwuchtgruppe von der Bremsvorrichtung ein wenig angebremst werden.As an alternative or in addition to the stated setting of the speed differences by individual control and/or regulation of the speeds, a desired speed difference can also be set variably by braking at least one of the imbalance groups by a braking device. For this purpose, the drive device can have a braking device for braking at least one of the unbalanced strands, preferably for braking both, ie the aforementioned first and second unbalanced strands, in order to produce a desired phase offset. In order to let an unbalance group run behind the other unbalance group with a certain phase offset, the unbalance group mentioned can be braked a little by the braking device.

Vorteilhafterweise kann jeder der beiden Unwuchtstränge unabhängig voneinander angebremst werden, um den Phasenversatz verschieden einstellen, insbesondere einregeln zu können. Die genannte Bremsvorrichtung kann dabei zwei Bremseinheiten umfassen, die jeweils einerseits feststehend angeordnet und andererseits mit einem der Unwuchtstränge drehverbunden sind.Advantageously, each of the two unbalance strands can be braked independently of one another in order to be able to set the phase offset differently, in particular to be able to regulate it. Said braking device can comprise two braking units, which are each arranged in a stationary manner on the one hand and are rotationally connected to one of the unbalanced strands on the other hand.

Vorteilhafterweise kann in Weiterbildung der Erfindung jedem der Unwuchtstränge ein Drehzahlgeber zugeordnet sein, der die Ist-Drehzahl der jeweiligen Unwuchten und/oder der diesen zugeordneten Antriebswellen bzw. -räder erfasst und an die Steuervorrichtung rückmeldet, so dass die Steuervorrichtung die Antriebsmotoren entsprechend ansteuern und/oder die Bremsvorrichtung entsprechend betätigen kann, um die gewünschte Drehzahl und/oder den gewünschten Phasenversatz einstellen zu können.Advantageously, in a further development of the invention, each of the unbalanced strands can be assigned a speed sensor, which records the actual speed of the respective unbalances and/or the drive shafts or wheels assigned to them and reports this back to the control device, so that the control device controls the drive motors accordingly and/or or can actuate the braking device accordingly in order to be able to set the desired speed and/or the desired phase offset.

Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst die mechanische Verstellvorrichtung zum Verstellen der Phasenlage der Unwuchten relativ zueinander ein Planetengetriebe, das vorteilhafterweise zumindest zweistufig ausgebildet ist, um mit einer Planetenstufe die Phasenlage der Unwuchten des einen Unwuchtstrangs und mit der anderen Planetenstufe die Phasenlage der Unwuchten des anderen Unwuchtstrangs einstellen zu können.According to the invention, the mechanical adjusting device for adjusting the phase position of the unbalanced masses relative to one another comprises a planetary gear which is advantageously designed in at least two stages, in order to adjust the phase position of the unbalanced masses of one unbalanced strand with one planetary stage and the phase position of the unbalanced masses of the other unbalanced strand with the other planetary stage can.

Dabei umfasst das genannte Planetengetriebe gemäß der Erfindung zumindest vier Ausgangsstränge sowie einen Verstelleingangs-Strang zum Verstellen der Phasenlage der Ausgangsstränge relativ zueinander. Erfindungsgemäß sind dabei an zwei der genannten vier Ausgangsstränge die relativ zueinander phasenverstellbaren Unwuchten des ersten Unwuchtstrangs angebunden und an zwei weitere der genannten Ausgangsstränge des Planetengetriebes die relativ zueinander phasenverstellbaren Unwuchten des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs angebunden.According to the invention, said planetary gear comprises at least four output strands and one adjustment input strand for adjusting the phase position of the output strands relative to one another. According to the invention, the phase-adjustable imbalances of the first unbalanced strand are connected to two of the four output strands mentioned and the unbalanced masses of the second unbalanced strand, phase-adjustable relative to one another, are connected to two more of the named output strands of the planetary gear.

In Weiterbildung der Erfindung können die genannten vier Ausgangsstränge von einem gemeinsam, zweistufigen Planetenträger abgehen, der mit dem genannten Verstelleingangsstrang verbunden ist und von dem genannten Verstelleingangsstrang verstellt werden kann.In a further development of the invention, the four output strands mentioned can come from a joint, two-stage planetary carrier, which is connected to the adjustment input train mentioned and can be adjusted by the adjustment input train mentioned.

Die zueinander phasenverstellbaren Unwuchten des zuvor genannten ersten Unwuchtstrangs können dabei vorteilhafterweise einerseits an ein Sonnenrad und andererseits an ein Hohlrad einer ersten Planetengetriebestufe angebunden sein, während die zueinander phasenverstellbaren Unwuchten des zuvor genannten zweiten Unwuchtstrangs einerseits an ein Sonnenrad und andererseits an ein Hohlrad einer zweiten Planetengetriebestufe angebunden sein können. Die beiden Planetengetriebestufen können in vorteilhafter Weiterbildung der Erfindung durch den gemeinsamen, zweistufigen und verstellbaren Planetenträger verbunden sein, so dass durch Verstellung des genannten Planetenträgers sowohl die Phasenlage der Unwuchten des ersten Unwuchtstrangs als auch die Phasenlage der Unwuchten des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs verstellt werden können.The mutually phase-adjustable imbalances of the aforementioned first imbalance strand can advantageously be connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to a ring gear of a first planetary gear stage, while the mutually phase-adjustable imbalances of the aforementioned second imbalance strand can be connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to a ring gear of a second planetary gear stage could be. In an advantageous development of the invention, the two planetary gear stages can be connected by the common, two-stage and adjustable planet carrier, so that both the phase position of the imbalances in the first unbalanced strand and the phase position of the imbalances in the second unbalanced strand can be adjusted by adjusting the said planet carrier.

Vorteilhafterweise ist jede Stufe des genannten, gemeinsamen Planetenträgers nur an einen Unwuchtstrang angebunden.Advantageously, each stage of the named common planetary carrier is connected to only one unbalanced strand.

Der genannte Verstelleingangsstrang des Planetengetriebes kann durch einen geeigneten Verstellantrieb betätigt werden, beispielsweise durch einen Druckmittelzylinder zwischen zwei Endlagen hin und her bewegt werden. Vorteilhafterweise können die beiden Endlagen derart definiert bzw. durch Anschläge begrenzt sein, dass in einer ersten Stellung die Unwuchten miteinander synchronisiert umlaufen und gleichgerichtete Kräfte erzeugen, während die Unwuchten in einer zweiten Endstellung einander kompensieren. Gegebenenfalls können auch Zwischenstellungen durch den Verstellantrieb eingestellt werden, um verschiedene Stärken der Vibrationen einstellen zu können.Said adjustment input train of the planetary gear can be actuated by a suitable adjustment drive, for example, moved back and forth between two end positions by a pressure medium cylinder. Advantageously, the two end positions can be defined or limited by stops such that in a first position the unbalanced masses rotate synchronously with one another and generate rectified forces, while the unbalanced masses compensate one another in a second end position. If necessary, intermediate positions can also be set by the adjustment drive in order to be able to set different strengths of the vibrations.

Um eine kompakte Anordnung zu erzielen, kann das genannte Planetengetriebe auf einer Seite der Unwuchtstränge angeordnet sein, während die Antriebsmotoren zum Antreiben der umlaufenden Unwuchten auf einer gemeinsamen, dem Planetengetriebe gegenüberliegenden Seite der Unwuchtstränge angeordnet sein können. Sind in der vorgenannten Weise vier Antriebsmotoren vorgesehen, können zwei Antriebsmotoren auf einer Seite und zwei weitere Antriebsmotoren auf einer gegenüberliegenden Seite einer Mittelebene angeordnet sein, welche Mittelebene die Rotationsachse des zuvor genannten Planetenträgers des Planetengetriebes enthalten kann.In order to achieve a compact arrangement, said planetary gear can be arranged on one side of the unbalanced mass strands, while the drive motors for driving the revolving unbalanced masses can be arranged on a common side of the unbalanced mass strands opposite the planetary gear. If four drive motors are provided in the aforementioned manner, two drive motors can be arranged on one side and two further drive motors on an opposite side of a center plane, which center plane can contain the axis of rotation of the aforementioned planet carrier of the planetary gear.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels und zugehöriger Zeichnungen näher erläutert. In den Zeichnungen zeigen:

Fig. 1:
einen Antriebsschaltplan des Schwingungserzeugers nach einer vorteilhaften Ausführung der Erfindung, wobei die koaxiale Anordnung der Unwuchten verschiedener Unwuchtstränge, die Anbindung der Unwuchtstränge an ein Planetengetriebe zum Verstellen der Phasenlage der Unwuchten, die Anordnung der Antriebsmotoren und die Anordnung einer Bremsvorrichtung zum Einstellen eines Phasenversatzes dargestellt sind,
Fig. 2:
eine ausschnittsweise vergrößerte Detailansicht des Planetengetriebes und der Bremsvorrichtung des Schwingungserzeugers aus Fig. 1,
Fig. 3:
eine perspektivische Frontansicht der Unwuchten der verschiedenen Unwuchtstränge des Schwingungserzeugers aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, wobei das Planetengetriebe und die vom Planetengetriebe einstellbaren Wellen bzw. Zahnräder, mit denen die Antriebsräder der Unwuchten kämmen, dargestellt sind, und
Fig. 4:
eine perspektivische Rückansicht der koaxial angeordneten Unwuchten des Schwingungserzeugers aus den vorhergehenden Figuren, wobei wie bei Fig. 3 die Bremsvorrichtung, die in den Figuren 1 und 2 dargestellt ist, der Übersichtlichkeit halber weggelassen wurde.
The invention is explained in more detail below using a preferred exemplary embodiment and associated drawings. In the drawings show:
Figure 1:
a drive circuit diagram of the vibration generator according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention, wherein the coaxial arrangement of the unbalanced masses of different unbalanced strands, the connection of the unbalanced strands to a planetary gear for adjusting the phase position of the unbalanced masses, the arrangement of the drive motors and the arrangement of a braking device for setting a phase offset are shown,
Figure 2:
shows an enlarged detail view of the planetary gear and the braking device of the vibration generator 1 ,
Figure 3:
a perspective front view of the unbalanced masses of the various unbalanced strands of the vibration generator from the previous figures, wherein the planetary gear and the shafts or gears which can be adjusted by the planetary gear and with which the drive wheels of the unbalanced masses mesh are shown, and
Figure 4:
a perspective rear view of the coaxially arranged imbalances of the vibrator from the previous figures, with how at 3 the braking device in the figures 1 and 2 is shown, which has been omitted for clarity.

Wie die Figuren zeigen, kann der Schwingungserzeuger 10 eine Erregerzelle 20 mit mehreren zueinander parallel, vorzugsweise jeweils liegend ausgerichteten Erregerzellenwellen bzw. -achsen aufweisen, die in einem Erregerzellengehäuse 3 aufgenommen und drehbar gelagert sind. Die genannten Erregerzellenwellen sind dabei vorteilhafterweise in einer gemeinsamen, aufrecht ausgerichteten Ebene übereinander angeordnet, vgl. Fig. 3 und Fig. 4.As the figures show, the vibration generator 10 can have an exciter cell 20 with a plurality of exciter cell shafts or axes which are aligned parallel to one another, preferably in a horizontal manner and which are accommodated in an exciter cell housing 3 and are rotatably mounted. The exciter cell shafts mentioned are advantageously arranged one above the other in a common, upright plane, cf. 3 and 4 .

Dabei sind auf zumindest einigen der genannten Erregerzellenwellen bzw. -achsen jeweils mehrere Unwuchten angeordnet, die um die jeweiligen Achsen rotieren. Vorzugsweise tragen dabei alle Erregerzellenwellen bzw. -achsen mit Ausnahme einer Erregerzellenwelle 6, die der Einstellung der Phasenlage dient, Unwuchten, wobei die genannte Erregerzellenwelle 6 ohne Unwuchten vorteilhafterweise mittig angeordnet sein kann und mit zumindest zwei benachbarten Erregerzellenwellen 5 und 7 durch Stirnräder im Wälzeingriff stehen kann.In this case, a plurality of imbalances are arranged on at least some of the exciter cell shafts or axes mentioned, which rotate about the respective axes. Preferably, all exciter cell shafts or axles, with the exception of an exciter cell shaft 6, which is used to adjust the phase position, carry imbalances, with the exciter cell shaft 6 mentioned advantageously being able to be arranged centrally without imbalances and being in rolling engagement with at least two adjacent exciter cell shafts 5 and 7 by means of spur gears can.

Vorteilhafterweise kann jede der Erregerzellenwellen 4, 5 und 7, 8 jeweils zumindest vier Unwuchten 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 und 2.1 tragen, so dass jeweils vier Unwuchten koaxial zueinander angeordnet sind. Jede Unwucht 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 und 2.1 ist dabei drehfest mit einem Stirnrad verbunden, das ebenfalls auf der jeweiligen Erregerzellenwelle 2 gelagert ist und mit einem Stirnrad auf der nächsten, benachbarten Erregerzellenwelle in Wälzeingriff steht, um über die Erregerzellenwellen 4, 5, 7 und 8 hinweg mehrere Unwuchtstränge S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 und S.1.1 zu bilden, deren Unwuchten jeweils gemeinsam angetrieben werden und/oder mit einer vorbestimmten Drehzahl bzw. einem vorbestimmten Über- und Untersetzungsverhältnis angetrieben werden.Each of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5 and 7, 8 can advantageously carry at least four unbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 and 2.1, so that four unbalances are arranged coaxially to one another. Each imbalance 1.1, 1.2, 2.2 and 2.1 is non-rotatably connected to a spur gear, which is also mounted on the respective exciter cell shaft 2 and is in rolling engagement with a spur gear on the next, adjacent exciter cell shaft in order to rotate via the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7 and 8 to form several imbalance strands S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 and S.1.1, the imbalances of which are each driven together and/or are driven at a predetermined speed or a predetermined step-up and step-down ratio.

Die jeweils vier oder auch mehr koaxial zueinander auf einer Erregerzellenwelle 4, 5, 7 oder 8 angeordneten Unwuchten 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 und 2.2 sind dabei jeweils ohne festes Übersetzungsverhältnis angeordnet und können dementsprechend mit verschiedenen Drehzahlen, d.h. relativ voneinander abweichenden Drehzahlen angetrieben werden, wobei insbesondere vorgesehen sein kann, dass ein Unwuchtstrang mit einer Drehzahl umlaufen kann, die ein Vielfaches der Drehzahl eines anderen Unwuchtstrangs betragen kann. Beispielsweise können die beiden Drehzahlstränge S1.1 und S1.2 mit der doppelten Drehzahl des Unwuchtstranges 2.1 und 2.2 umlaufen, wobei durch Einstellung bzw. Veränderung der Drehzahlen jedoch auch andere Drehzahlverhältnisse eingestellt werden können.The four or more coaxially arranged on an exciter cell shaft 4, 5, 7 or 8 imbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 are each arranged without a fixed transmission ratio and can accordingly different speeds, ie relatively different speeds are driven, it being possible in particular that an unbalanced strand can rotate at a speed that can be a multiple of the speed of another unbalanced strand. For example, the two speed strands S1.1 and S1.2 can rotate at twice the speed of the unbalanced strand 2.1 and 2.2, although other speed ratios can also be set by adjusting or changing the speeds.

Dabei können alle Unwuchten 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 und 2.2, die koaxial auf derselben Achsen sitzen, relativ zu der jeweiligen Achse verdrehbar sein und nur mit dem jeweiligen Stirnrad 9 drehfest verbunden sein. Alternativ kann eines der Stirnräder bzw. eine der Unwuchten auch drehfest mit der jeweiligen Erregerzellenwelle 4, 5, 7 bzw. 8 drehfest verbunden sein, um das Antreiben bzw. die Anbindung des Antriebsmotors zu vereinfachen.All imbalances 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2, which are coaxially seated on the same axis, can be rotated relative to the respective axis and only be connected to the respective spur gear 9 in a rotationally fixed manner. Alternatively, one of the spur gears or one of the imbalances can also be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the respective exciter cell shaft 4, 5, 7 or 8 in order to simplify the driving or the connection of the drive motor.

Wie die Fig. 1 zeigt, können vorteilhafterweise vier Antriebsmotoren MS1.1, MS2.1, MS1.2 und MS2.2 vorgesehen sein, die jeweils einem der Unwuchtstränge zugeordnet sind und unabhängig voneinander angesteuert werden können. Dabei treibt der Motor MS1.1 alle Unwuchten bzw. die damit drehfest verbundenen Stirnräder des Unwuchtstrangs S1.1 an, wobei die Drehbewegung des genannten Motors in die Erregerzellenwelle 4 eingeleitet und sodann über die miteinander in Wälzeingriff stehenden Stirnräder 9 auf die Unwuchten der auf den anderen Erregerzellenwellen bzw. -achsen gelagerten Unwuchten übertragen werden kann. Der Antriebsmotor MS2.1 treibt die Unwuchten des Unwuchtstrangs S2.1 an, wobei der genannte Motor MS2.1 an die Erregerzellenwelle 5 angekoppelt sein kann.As the 1 shows, four drive motors MS1.1, MS2.1, MS1.2 and MS2.2 can advantageously be provided, which are each assigned to one of the unbalance strands and can be controlled independently of one another. The motor MS1.1 drives all imbalances or the spur gears of the imbalance strand S1.1 that are connected to it in a rotationally fixed manner, with the rotary movement of the named motor being introduced into the exciter cell shaft 4 and then, via the spur gears 9, which are in rolling contact with each other, being applied to the imbalances of the imbalances supported by other exciter cell shafts or axes can be transmitted. The drive motor MS2.1 drives the imbalances of the imbalance strand S2.1, it being possible for the named motor MS2.1 to be coupled to the shaft 5 of the exciter cell.

Der Antriebsmotor MS1.2 kann die Erregerzellenwelle 7 antreiben, die über die entsprechenden Stirnräder 9 die Unwuchten 1.2 des Unwuchtstrangs S1.2 antreibt. Der weitere Antriebsmotor MS2.2 kann schließlich an der vierten Unwuchtwelle 8 angeordnet sein und die Unwuchten 2.2 des Unwuchtstrangs S2.2 antreiben, vgl. Fig. 1.The drive motor MS1.2 can drive the exciter cell shaft 7, which drives the unbalanced masses 1.2 of the unbalanced strand S1.2 via the corresponding spur gears 9. Finally, the additional drive motor MS2.2 can be arranged on the fourth imbalance shaft 8 and can drive the imbalances 2.2 of the imbalance strand S2.2, cf. 1 .

Wie Fig. 1 zeigt, sind die beiden Strangzweige S2.2 und S2.1, die zu einem ersten Unwuchtstrang 2 gehören, mittig zwischen den Strangzweigen S1.1 und S1.2 angeordnet, die zu einem zweiten Unwuchtstrang 1 gehören. Die Unwuchten 2.1 und 2.2 der genannten Zweige des ersten Unwuchtstrangs 2 sind dabei zwischen den dazu koaxialen Unwuchten 1.1 und 1.2 des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs 1 angeordnet. Dies gilt für jede der Erregerzellenwellen 4, 5, 7 und 8, die jeweils Unwuchten tragen.How 1 shows, the two strand branches S2.2 and S2.1, which belong to a first unbalanced strand 2, are arranged centrally between the strand branches S1.1 and S1.2, which belong to a second unbalanced strand 1. The unbalanced masses 2.1 and 2.2 of the named branches of the first unbalanced strand 2 are arranged between the unbalanced masses 1.1 and 1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1, which are coaxial thereto. This applies to each of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7 and 8, each of which carries imbalances.

Um die zueinander verstellbaren Unwuchten der jeweiligen Unwuchtstränge in ihrer Phasenlage relativ zueinander verstellen zu können, ist die Verstellvorrichtung 11 vorgesehen, die ein Planetengetriebe 12 umfasst, vgl. Fig. 1.In order to be able to adjust the mutually adjustable imbalances of the respective imbalance strands in their phase position relative to one another, the adjusting device 11 is provided, which comprises a planetary gear 12, cf. 1 .

Das genannte Planetengetriebe 12 weisst erfindungsgemäß zumindest vier Ausgangsstränge 13, 14 und 15, 16 auf, die jeweils mit einer der Erregerzellenwellen 4, 5, 7, 8 gekoppelt sind bzw. mit jeweils einem der Unwuchtstränge 1 und 2 bzw. einem der Strangzweige S1.1, S1.2, S2.1 und S2.2 gekoppelt sind, so dass durch Relativverdrehung der genannten Ausgangsstränge 13, 14, 15, 16 relativ zueinander die Phasenlage der Unwuchtstränge bzw. Strangzweige 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 und 2.2 relativ zueinander eingestellt werden kann.According to the invention, said planetary gear 12 has at least four output strands 13, 14 and 15, 16, which are each coupled to one of the exciter cell shafts 4, 5, 7, 8 or to one of the unbalance strands 1 and 2 or one of the strand branches S1. 1, S1.2, S2.1 and S2.2 are coupled, so that the phase position of the unbalanced strands or strand branches 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 and 2.2 can be adjusted relative to one another by rotating said output strands 13, 14, 15, 16 relative to one another can.

Wie die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, kann das genannte Planetengetriebe 12 vorteilhafterweise zwei Planetengetriebestufen 17 und 18 aufweisen, von denen eine erste Planetengetriebestufe 17 ausgangsseitig mit den Strangzweigen S2.2 und S2.1 des ersten Unwuchtstrangs 2 gekoppelt ist. Eine zweite Planetengetriebestufe 18 ist indes mit den Strangzweigen S1.1 und S1.2 des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs 1 ausgangsseitig gekoppelt.As the figures 1 and 2 show, said planetary gear 12 can advantageously have two planetary gear stages 17 and 18, of which a first planetary gear stage 17 is coupled to the strand branches S2.2 and S2.1 of the first unbalanced strand 2 on the output side. A second planetary gear stage 18 is, however, coupled to the strand branches S1.1 and S1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1 on the output side.

Vorteilhafterweise können die beiden Planetengetriebestufen 17 und 18 über einen gemeinsamen, zweistufigen Planetenträger 19 miteinander verbunden sein, der die Planetenräder sowohl der ersten Planetengetriebestufe 17 als auch die Planetenräder der zweiten Planetengetriebestufe 18 trägt.Advantageously, the two planetary gear stages 17 and 18 can be connected to one another via a common, two-stage planetary carrier 19 which carries the planetary gears of both the first planetary gear stage 17 and the planetary gears of the second planetary gear stage 18 .

Die Ausgangsstränge 13 und 14 der ersten Planetengetriebestufe 17 können einerseits durch dessen Sonnenrad und andererseits durch dessen Hohlrad gebildet sein bzw. an dessen Sonnenrad und dessen Hohlrad angebunden sein. Die Ausgangsstränge 15 und 16 der zweiten Planetengetriebestufe 18 können ebenfalls von deren Sonnenrad und deren Hohlrad gebildet bzw. daran angebunden sein.The output strands 13 and 14 of the first planetary gear stage 17 can be formed on the one hand by its sun gear and on the other hand by its ring gear or be connected to its sun gear and its ring gear. The output strands 15 and 16 of the second planetary gear stage 18 can also be formed by their sun gear and their ring gear or be connected thereto.

Vorteilhafterweise kann die erste Planetengetriebestufe 17 mit ihrem Sonnenrad drehfest an den Strangzweig 2.2 des ersten Unwuchtstrangs 2 und über ihr Hohlrad an den Strangzweig 2.1 des ersten Unwuchtstrangs 2 angebunden sein.Advantageously, the first planetary gear stage 17 can be connected with its sun gear in a torque-proof manner to the strand branch 2.2 of the first unbalanced strand 2 and via its ring gear to the stranded branch 2.1 of the first unbalanced strand 2.

Die zweite Planetengetriebestufe 18 kann mit ihrem Sonnenrad an den Strangzweig S1.1 des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs 1 und über sein Hohlrad an den Strang S1.2 des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs 1 angekoppelt sein.The second planetary gear stage 18 can be coupled with its sun gear to the branch S1.1 of the second unbalanced strand 1 and via its ring gear to the strand S1.2 of the second unbalanced strand 1.

Eingangsseitig kann das Planetengetriebe 12 an einen Verstellantrieb 21 angebunden sein, durch den der genannte gemeinsame Planetenträger 19 verstellt werden kann. Der genannte Verstellantrieb 21 kann beispielsweise ein Hydraulikzylinder sein, wie dies Fig. 4 zeigt, um den Planetenträger 19 zwischen zwei Endstellungen hin und her verdrehen bzw. verstellen zu können. Bei entsprechender Ansteuerung des Verstellantriebs 21 können ggf. auch Zwischenstellungen angefahren werden.On the input side, the planetary gear 12 can be connected to an adjustment drive 21, by means of which the said common planetary carrier 19 can be adjusted. Said adjustment drive 21 can be a hydraulic cylinder, for example, like this 4 shows in order to be able to twist or adjust the planet carrier 19 back and forth between two end positions. If the adjusting drive 21 is controlled accordingly, intermediate positions can also be approached if necessary.

Durch Verstellen des Planetengetriebes 12, insbesondere dessen Planetenträger 19 können die Unwuchten der Unwuchtstränge 1 und 2, genauer gesagt deren Strangzweige S1.1, S2.2, S2.1 und S1.1 relativ zueinander in ihrer Phasenlage verstellt werden, um die erzeugten Unwuchtkräfte miteinander zu synchronisieren oder zu kompensieren und/oder Zwischenstellungen zum Einstellen der Vibrationskraft vornehmen zu können.By adjusting the planetary gear 12, in particular its planet carrier 19, the imbalances of the imbalance strands 1 and 2, more precisely their strand branches S1.1, S2.2, S2.1 and S1.1 can be adjusted relative to each other in their phase position to the generated imbalance forces to synchronize with each other or to compensate and / or to be able to make intermediate positions for adjusting the vibrating force.

Die Unwuchtstränge 1 und 2, insbesondere deren Strangzweige S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 und S1.1 können vorteilhafterweise jeweils individuell in ihren Drehzahlen eingestellt werden, wobei insbesondere zwischen den Unwuchtsträngen eine beliebige Drehzahldifferenz vorzugsweise stufenlos eingestellt werden kann, um die Vibrationskennlinie des Schwingungserzeugers 10 an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten, insbesondere Bodenverhältnisse anzupassen.The unbalanced strands 1 and 2, in particular their strand branches S1.2, S2.2, S2.1 and S1.1 can advantageously each individually in their speeds be adjusted, in particular between the unbalanced strands any speed difference can be adjusted, preferably steplessly, in order to adapt the vibration characteristic of the vibration generator 10 to the respective circumstances, in particular ground conditions.

Die Einstellung der Drehzahldifferenz kann dabei in verschiedener Weise erfolgen. Vorteilhafterweise kann die Antriebsvorrichtung 22 umfassend die genannten Antriebsmotoren MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 und MS2.2 eine Steuervorrichtung 23 umfassen, mittels derer die Drehzahlen der genannten Antriebsmotoren individuell eingestellt werden können. Die genannte Steuervorrichtung 21 kann dabei elektronisch ausgebildet sein, um die Motordrehzahl zu steuern. Vorteilhafterweise umfasst die Steuervorrichtung 21 dabei einen Drehzahldifferenzgeber 24, mittels dessen die gewünschte Drehzahldifferenz zwischen den jeweiligen Unwuchtsträngen eingestellt werden kann.The speed difference can be adjusted in different ways. Advantageously, the drive device 22 comprising the mentioned drive motors MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 and MS2.2 can comprise a control device 23, by means of which the speeds of the mentioned drive motors can be set individually. Said control device 21 can be designed electronically in order to control the engine speed. Advantageously, the control device 21 includes a speed difference sensor 24, by means of which the desired speed difference between the respective unbalance strands can be adjusted.

Vorteilhafterweise kann die Steuervorrichtung 23 einen Drehzahlregler 25 zum Regeln der Drehzahlen der genannten Antriebsmotoren MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 und MS2.2 umfassen, welcher Drehzahlregler 25 die Drehzahl des jeweiligen Antriebsmotors bzw. der davon angetriebenen Unwuchtgruppe in Abhängigkeit einer sensorisch erfassten Ist-Drehzahl und eine variabel vorgebbaren Solldrehzahl regelt. Die Ist-Drehzahl kann dabei vorteilhafterweise mittels berührungslos arbeitender Drehzahlgeber 26 erfasst werden. Die genannten Drehzahlgeber 26 können beispielsweise berührungslos arbeitende Näherungsgeber sein, welche die zyklische Annäherung der Unwuchten erfassen. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können aber auch anders ausgebildete Drehzahlgeber 26 vorgesehen sein, die beispielsweise taktil oder berührungslos die Drehzahl der zugeordneten Stirnräder erfassen, die mit den Unwuchten drehfest verbunden sind. Alternativ oder zusätzlich können auch Drehzahlgeber den Antriebsmotoren selbst zugeordnet sein.Advantageously, the control device 23 can include a speed controller 25 for controlling the speeds of the named drive motors MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1 and MS2.2, which speed controller 25 controls the speed of the respective drive motor or the unbalance group driven by it as a function of a sensor detected actual speed and a variably definable target speed controls. The actual speed can advantageously be detected by means of speed sensors 26 that work in a contactless manner. Said speed sensors 26 can, for example, be proximity sensors that work in a non-contact manner, which detect the cyclic approach of the imbalances. As an alternative or in addition, however, speed sensors 26 of a different design can also be provided, which, for example, detect the speed of the associated spur gears in a tactile or non-contact manner, which are non-rotatably connected to the imbalances. Alternatively or additionally, speed sensors can also be assigned to the drive motors themselves.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu einer Einstellung der Drehzahldifferenz durch entsprechende Ansteuerung der Antriebsmotoren kann eine gewünschte Drehzahldifferenz auch über eine Bremsvorrichtung 27 eingestellt werden, die vorteilhafterweise zwei Bremseinheiten 28 und 29 umfassen kann, um einerseits den ersten Unwuchtstrang 2 und andererseits den zweiten Unwuchtstrang 1 anzubremsen. Wie Fig. 1 und 2 zeigen, kann die genannte Bremsvorrichtung 27 vorteilhafterweise auf der Seite des Planetengetriebes 12 angeordnet sein und/oder mit dem Planetengetriebe 12 zu einer Baugruppe zusammengefasst sein und/oder zwischen das Planetengetriebe 12 und den Erregerzellenwellen geschaltet sein.Alternatively or in addition to adjusting the speed difference by appropriate control of the drive motors, a desired Speed difference can also be set via a braking device 27, which can advantageously include two braking units 28 and 29 to brake the first unbalanced strand 2 on the one hand and the second unbalanced strand 1 on the other. How 1 and 2 show, said braking device 27 can advantageously be arranged on the side of the planetary gear 12 and/or be combined with the planetary gear 12 to form an assembly and/or be connected between the planetary gear 12 and the exciter cell shafts.

Wie die Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, können die Bremseinheiten 28 und 29 einerseits jeweils eine feststehende Baugruppe aufweisen, die beispielsweise am Planetengetriebegehäuse und/oder am Erregerzellengehäuse angreifen kann. Eine laufende Bremsenbaugruppe der ersten Bremseinheit 28 kann dabei die Erregerzellenwelle 5 und/oder den Antriebsmotor MS2.1 und/oder die Unwuchten bzw. die Stirnräder des Strangzweigs S2.1 des ersten Unwuchtstrangs 2 anbremsen, während die laufenden Bremselemente der zweiten Bremseinheit 29 die Erregerzellenwelle 4 und/oder den Motor MS1.1 und/oder die Unwuchten bzw. die damit verbundenen Stirnräder des Strangzweigs S1.1 des zweiten Unwuchtstrangs 1 anbremsen kann, vgl. Figuren 1 und 2.As the figures 1 and 2 show, the brake units 28 and 29 can on the one hand each have a stationary assembly which can act, for example, on the planetary gear housing and/or on the exciter cell housing. A running brake assembly of the first brake unit 28 can brake the exciter cell shaft 5 and/or the drive motor MS2.1 and/or the imbalances or the spur gears of the strand branch S2.1 of the first imbalance strand 2, while the running brake elements of the second brake unit 29 brake the exciter cell shaft 4 and/or the motor MS1.1 and/or the imbalances or the associated spur gears of the strand branch S1.1 of the second imbalance strand 1, cf. figures 1 and 2 .

Die Bremsvorrichtung 27 wird dabei von der genannten Steuervorrichtung 21 angesteuert, um die gewünschten Drehzahldifferenzen zwischen den Unwuchtsträngen einzustellen.The braking device 27 is controlled by the named control device 21 in order to set the desired speed differences between the unbalance strands.

Claims (15)

  1. A vibration generator for piling machines, compactors or other construction machines, having at least two unbalance trains (1, 2) each comprising unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2) which are rotatingly drivable by a drive apparatus (22), and an adjustment apparatus (11) for adjusting the phase position of the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2) relative to each other, wherein the unbalanced masses of different unbalance trains (1, 2) are arranged relative to each other without a fixed transmission ratio and the drive apparatus (22) is designed to drive the unbalance trains (1, 2) with rotation speed differences which are variable relative to each other, characterized in that the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2) of different unbalance trains (1, 2) rotating with different rotation speeds are arranged coaxially to one another, wherein the unbalanced masses (2.1, 2.2) of a first unbalance train (2) are arranged between the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2), coaxial therewith, of a second unbalance train (1), wherein the adjustment apparatus (11) comprises a planetary gearing (12) which comprises at least four output trains (13, 14, 15, 16) as well as an adjustment input train (30) for adjusting the output trains relative to each other, wherein to two of said output trains (13, 14) there are connected the relatively phase-adjustable unbalanced masses (2.1, 2.2) of the first unbalance train (2) and to two further output trains (15, 16) there are connected the relatively phase-adjustable unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2) of the second unbalanced train (1).
  2. The vibration generator according to the preceding claim, wherein said first unbalance train (2) comprises two train branches (S2.1, S2.2) whose unbalanced masses (2.1, 2.2) are arranged in pairs, each side by side and between the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2) of the second unbalance train (1) which are coaxial thereto.
  3. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the drive apparatus (22) comprises separate drive motors (MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1, MS2.2) for the first and second unbalance trains (1, 2).
  4. The vibration generator according to the preceding claim, wherein the drive apparatus (22) comprises a control apparatus (23) for controlling the speeds of said drive motors, an adjustable speed difference sensor for variably setting various rotational speed differences between the drive motors (MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1, MS2.2) and between the unbalance trains (1, 2) driven thereby.
  5. The vibration generator according to the preceding claim, wherein the control apparatus (23) has speed controllers (25) for regulating the speeds of the drive motors (MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1, MS2.2) as a function of a sensed actual speed and a variably definable target speed.
  6. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein at least four drive motors (MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1, MS2.2) are provided, each of which drives only one train branch (S1.1, S1.2, S2.1, S2.2) of the unbalance trains (1, 2), wherein the drive motors are arranged on a common side of the vibration generator, preferably opposite the adjustment apparatus (11), each of the drive motors being arranged on a different exciter cell shaft (4, 5, 7, 8).
  7. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein each drive motor (MS1.1, MS1.2, MS2.1, MS2.2) drives a plurality of unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2), said unbalanced masses being seated on different exciter cell shafts (4, 5, 7, 8).
  8. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein speed sensors (26), in particular proximity sensors operating without contact, are provided for detecting the actual speeds of the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2) of each train branch of the unbalance trains (1, 2).
  9. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein a braking device (27) is provided for braking at least one unbalance train (1, 2) for adjusting a speed difference and/or a phase offset between the unbalance trains (1, 2).
  10. The vibration generator according to the preceding claim, wherein the braking device (27) comprises two braking units (28, 29), one of which is provided for braking the first unbalance train (2) and another of which is provided for braking the second unbalance train (1).
  11. The vibration generator according to one of the two preceding claims, wherein the braking device (27) can be actuated by a/the control device (23) as a function of the detected actual speeds of the unbalance trains (1, 2) and definable desired speeds of the unbalance trains (1, 2).
  12. The vibration generator according to one of claims 9 to 11, wherein the braking device (27) and the adjustment apparatus (11) are arranged on a common side of the vibration generator (10), preferably opposite the drive motors.
  13. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the four output trains (13, 14, 15, 16) extend from a common multi-stage planet carrier (19) which is formed to be adjustable by said adjusting input train (30), wherein the mutually phase-adjustable unbalanced masses (2.1, 2.2) of the first unbalance train (2) are connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to the ring gear of a first planetary gear stage (17) and the mutually phase-adjustable unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2) of the second unbalance train (1) are connected on the one hand to a sun gear and on the other hand to a ring gear of a second planetary gear stage (18), the two said planetary gear stages (17, 18) being connected by the common, two-stage, adjustable planet carrier (19), wherein the adjustment apparatus (11) comprises an adjustment drive (21) preferably in the form of a pressure medium cylinder for adjusting the planet carrier (19) of the planetary gear (12) between two end positions.
  14. The vibration generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the unbalanced masses (1.1, 1.2, 2.1, 2.2) are distributed over a plurality of exciter cell shafts (4, 5, 7, 8) arranged in a common upright plane.
  15. A construction machine such as a vibrator or piling machine, characterized by a vibration generator designed according to any one of the preceding claims.
EP20719402.8A 2019-05-08 2020-04-14 Vibration generator and construction machine having such a vibration generator Active EP3934816B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE102019111935 2019-05-08
DE102019113947.3A DE102019113947A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2019-05-24 Vibration generator and construction machine with such a vibration generator
PCT/EP2020/060442 WO2020224918A1 (en) 2019-05-08 2020-04-14 Vibration generator and construction machine having such a vibration generator

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EP3934816A1 EP3934816A1 (en) 2022-01-12
EP3934816B1 true EP3934816B1 (en) 2023-06-14

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US (1) US20220055070A1 (en)
EP (1) EP3934816B1 (en)
JP (1) JP2022531903A (en)
CN (1) CN114072244B (en)
DE (1) DE102019113947A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2020224918A1 (en)

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CN114827850A (en) * 2022-05-31 2022-07-29 歌尔股份有限公司 Drive actuator and electronic apparatus

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2932287A1 (en) * 1979-08-09 1981-02-12 Delmag Maschinenfabrik VIBRATION BAR FOR RAMMING AND / OR DRAWING RAMM BODIES
DE19529115A1 (en) * 1995-08-08 1997-03-06 Wacker Werke Kg Vibration mechanism, particularly for use in soil compaction
DE19631991B4 (en) * 1996-08-08 2005-02-24 Abi Maschinenfabrik Und Vertriebsgesellschaft Mbh Vibrator, especially for a vibration bear
EP2105214B1 (en) * 2008-03-28 2018-09-12 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Vibration creator
EP2158976B1 (en) * 2008-08-27 2013-08-14 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Vibration creator
DE102012201443A1 (en) * 2012-02-01 2013-08-01 Hamm Ag Compressor roller for a soil compactor
US20150027744A1 (en) * 2012-03-15 2015-01-29 Aydin Ozkan Variable moment resonance-free vibro hammer
EP2789402B1 (en) * 2013-04-10 2017-05-17 ABI Anlagentechnik-Baumaschinen-Industriebedarf Maschinenfabrik und Vertriebsgesellschaft mbH Oscillation exciter
DE102013020690A1 (en) * 2013-12-03 2015-06-03 Bomag Gmbh Vibration generator for a vibratory compactor and construction machine with such a vibration exciter
DE202015003475U1 (en) * 2015-02-11 2016-05-12 Liebherr-Components Biberach Gmbh Jogger
EP3165290B1 (en) * 2015-11-06 2021-04-07 BAUER Maschinen GmbH Vibration generator and method for inserting a pile element into the ground

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WO2020224918A1 (en) 2020-11-12
DE102019113947A1 (en) 2020-11-12
CN114072244B (en) 2023-03-28
US20220055070A1 (en) 2022-02-24
JP2022531903A (en) 2022-07-12
EP3934816A1 (en) 2022-01-12
CN114072244A (en) 2022-02-18

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