EP3931567A1 - Verfahren zur funktionalisierung einer oberfläche, erzeugnis mit einer nach dem verfahren funktionalisierten oberfläche und verwendungen derselben - Google Patents
Verfahren zur funktionalisierung einer oberfläche, erzeugnis mit einer nach dem verfahren funktionalisierten oberfläche und verwendungen derselbenInfo
- Publication number
- EP3931567A1 EP3931567A1 EP20707261.2A EP20707261A EP3931567A1 EP 3931567 A1 EP3931567 A1 EP 3931567A1 EP 20707261 A EP20707261 A EP 20707261A EP 3931567 A1 EP3931567 A1 EP 3931567A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- polyphenol
- functional molecule
- minutes
- layer
- iodine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54393—Improving reaction conditions or stability, e.g. by coating or irradiation of surface, by reduction of non-specific binding, by promotion of specific binding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54366—Apparatus specially adapted for solid-phase testing
Definitions
- the surfaces typically first have to be converted into high-energy surfaces with the help of complex processes.
- a further complicating factor is that functional molecules, especially those of biological origin, are usually very sensitive and can only be processed under gentle conditions, for example in an aqueous solution with a neutral pH value and at temperatures below about 40 ° C.
- functional molecules especially those of biological origin, are usually very sensitive and can only be processed under gentle conditions, for example in an aqueous solution with a neutral pH value and at temperatures below about 40 ° C.
- Metals and semiconductors can e.g. B. be coated with a high-energy oxide layer by chemical, plasma-chemical or electrochemical oxidation. This can then be z.
- ceramics and glasses can be functionalized in a similar way.
- Process steps such as B. include a plasma chemical oxidation and a sequence of different wet chemical treatments in an organic and aqueous medium. Such surfaces are therefore often only subject to a great deal of equipment and time
- plastic items are usually relatively inexpensive and are therefore often used as disposable items such. B. for bioanalysis, diagnostics and medicine produced in very large numbers, so that a suitable functionalization process should be quickly feasible and as inexpensive as possible.
- EP 0 644 904 A1 discloses a method in which plastic surfaces are coated with a thin layer of lacquer or a reactive polymer thin layer in order to enable the binding of biologically active molecules. Disadvantages of this process are the relatively high technical complexity and the often inadequate resistance or stability of the resulting surfaces, so that
- the functionalization which is technically much easier to implement, is still predominantly based on direct adsorption of functional molecules such as B.
- functional molecules such as B.
- Proteins on plastic surfaces are used.
- the surface attachment or adhesion is based on a partial unfolding and denaturation of the proteins on the hydrophobic plastic surface. This process is not only lengthy and relatively inefficient, but also means that a large proportion of the surface-bound proteins are denatured and inactive. This increases due to mostly
- a “functional molecule” within the meaning of the present invention can be any molecule that has a specific or technical
- a biomolecule such as. B. a protein, for example an enzyme, an antigen or an antibody, or a nucleic acid.
- a functional molecule can be a chemical molecule, in particular a polymer such as. B. a
- “functionalizing” a surface with the aid of the attachment of such a functional molecule means a specific one, in particular not one of the surface itself
- degree of functionalization here is understood to mean the ratio of those functional molecules which are bound on the surface in an active or functional form to those which have lost their function as a result of the surface binding.
- Polyphenol compounds or “polyphenols” are used here as a collective term for a diverse structural class that is more chemical
- polyphenolic compounds are nitrogen-free chemical ones
- a "polyphenol layer” accordingly corresponds to a layer on a surface which is a polyphenol or a
- polyphenol layer also expressly includes those layers which
- Oxidizing agent is a substance that can oxidize other substances in a redox reaction and is itself reduced in the process. Oxidizing agents can accept electrons and are therefore also referred to as electron acceptors.
- quinone an oxidation product of a polyphenol or a polyphenol compound is referred to here, in which the
- a method for functionalizing a surface is specified.
- at least one is initially applied or deposited
- Polyphenol layer generated on the surface In one
- the polyphenol layer is then attached to the polyphenol layer in order to functionalize the surface in this way.
- the method according to the invention is characterized in that the polyphenol layer at least in a further step
- the treatment with the oxidizing agent can be carried out here and / or after the functional molecule has been tied up, but treatment during the tethering of the functional molecule is also possible.
- Oxidizing agent at least partially, preferably completely, carried out after the functional molecule has been bound to the polyphenol layer. In the latter case, the attachment of the functional molecule and the subsequent treatment with the oxidizing agent are consequently separate process steps.
- the inventors have recognized that the surface functionalization with the help of polyphenol layers according to the teaching of WO 2014/116812 A2 is often not sufficient, despite the advantages in principle, to meet the high demands on degree of functionalization, stability, reproducibility and cost efficiency. B. be placed on the functionalized surfaces of analytical and diagnostic products.
- the proteins can spontaneously detach themselves from the surface or be displaced by other proteins or substances with a higher surface affinity. This is particularly problematic in analytical and
- the present invention solves this problem by providing the
- the polyphenol compound in the layer is at least partially converted into an oxidized or reactive form and thereby enabled to form a covalent bond to
- a reactive quinone can form through the oxidation of the polyphenol compound, to which the functional molecule z. B. via amino, thiol and / or
- Hydroxyl groups add nucleophilically. This ensures that functional molecules, in particular proteins, which, according to the previously known methods, are only bound to the polyphenol layer by adsorption and accordingly reversibly, are covalently and thus essentially irreversibly coupled to the surface with the aid of the oxidation treatment, without further chemical activation reagents being added to the reaction must be added as in conventional bioconjugation techniques.
- any polyphenol compound which is known and suitable to the person skilled in the art from the prior art, for example WO 2014/116812 A2, can be used to produce the polyphenol layer.
- it can be a naturally occurring or vegetable polyphenol compound.
- these are readily available, inexpensive and non-toxic, which makes the handling of the
- functionalized surfaces are intended for use on or in the human body, as is the case e.g. B. at
- polyphenol compound is essentially free from amines (-NR 3) or amino groups (-NH2) or does not contain any amines or amino groups.
- amine-containing polyphenol compounds in the method according to the invention leads to colored, dark
- Polyphenolic layers can lead.
- the method according to the invention can be used to produce transparent and colorless polyphenol layers, which are particularly preferred for many applications in analysis and diagnostics.
- the polyphenol compound has at least one ortho-diphenol group, which is converted into an ortho-quinone group by treatment with the oxidizing agent.
- the inventors have found that in this way a particularly high reactivity of the oxidized polyphenol layer can be achieved, which enables particularly rapid and efficient covalent attachment of the
- the method according to the invention can be used to achieve efficient functionalization or a high degree of functionalization of the modified surface even when using small amounts of the functional molecule.
- the polyphenolic compound can e.g. B. comprise or consist of a tannin, in particular a gallotannin or an ellagitannin, or a catechin.
- the polyphenol compound is preferably selected from the group comprising or consisting of
- Tannic acid, gallocatechin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and pyrogallol can also be used to produce the polyphenol layer, so that any desired combinations of the aforementioned compounds are also possible.
- the polyphenolic compound particularly preferably comprises tannic acid.
- the polyphenol compound can in principle be applied using any of the methods described in the prior art for producing a polyphenol layer. Suitable methods are the Those skilled in the art are known from WO 2014/116812 A2, GB 190707775 A and GB 260290 A, among others.
- the polyphenolic compound can e.g. B. at a concentration of 0.1 to 10 milligrams per
- Milliliters preferably 0.5 to 5 milligrams per milliliter, particularly preferably 1 to 2 milligrams per milliliter, are present in the coating solution.
- Deposition of the polyphenol compound is carried out under milder conditions and / or for a shorter time than is the case with the previously known methods.
- the pH is
- Coating solution greater than or equal to pH 6.0, greater than or equal to pH 6.5 or greater than or equal to pH 7.0 and / or less than or equal to pH 9.0, less than or equal to pH 8.0 or less than or equal to pH 7.5.
- the pH of the coating solution is preferably in a range from pH 7.0 to pH 7.6, in particular pH 7.2 to pH 7.5.
- the coating solution can expediently contain one or more buffer substances. Suitable buffers such as B. Phosphate buffers are known to those skilled in the art or can be readily determined on the basis of this description. They are preferably inorganic or amine-free buffer substances.
- the coating solution contains a salt or a mixture of salts in one
- the concentration is in a range of 50 to 500 millimoles per liter, preferably 100 to 250 millimoles per liter
- the salt or the mixture of salts can e.g. B. a sodium salt, a potassium salt
- the salt or the mixture of salts can be selected from NaCl, NaNCL, Na2SC> 4, KCl, K 2 SO 4 , MgCl2, CaCl2, CUCI2 and / or ZnCl2.
- the surface is in contact with the coating solution for at least 1 minute, at least 10 minutes, at least 20 minutes or at least 30 minutes and / or at most 120 minutes, at most 90 minutes or at most 60 minutes.
- the contact time can be, for example, 1 to 120 minutes, preferably 10 to 90 minutes, preferably 30 to 70 minutes, particularly preferably 40 to 60 minutes. It is a particular benefit of the
- the method according to the invention has an improved efficiency compared to conventional methods and enables a higher production throughput, which is particularly suitable for mass production.
- the coating solution has a low viscosity, so that z. B. also the surfaces of porous materials such as
- Agents can be coated.
- the composition can be coated.
- Coating solution has a viscosity of 1 to 100
- Millipascal seconds preferably from 2 to 20 millipascal seconds, particularly preferably from 2 to 10 millipascal seconds.
- the polyphenol layer can in principle be contacted with any suitable oxidizing agent and under conditions which lead to the polyphenol compound in the layer being at least partially converted into an oxidized form.
- any suitable oxidizing agent in addition to a preferred chemical
- Oxidation is e.g. B. enzymatic oxidation is also possible.
- Preferred oxidizing agents are e.g. B. hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), elemental iodine (12) and / or iodide, the oxidizing agent in particular in the form of a buffered, aqueous
- Oxidizing agent solution can be present or is contained therein. Suitable concentrations of the aforementioned oxidizing agents in the oxidizing agent solution are e.g. B. in the range from 0.01 to 100 milligrams per milliliter of iodine and / or iodide or 0.01 to 10% (v / v) hydrogen peroxide.
- concentrations of the aforementioned oxidizing agents in the oxidizing agent solution are e.g. B. in the range from 0.01 to 100 milligrams per milliliter of iodine and / or iodide or 0.01 to 10% (v / v) hydrogen peroxide.
- the inventors have found that with these oxidizing agents, e.g. B. with elemental iodine (12), the polyphenol layer can be oxidized within a very short time without the unwanted side reactions
- the polyphenol layer is for at least 10 seconds, at least 30 seconds or at least 60 seconds and / or at most 75 minutes, at most 60 minutes, at most 45 minutes, at most 30 minutes, at most 15 Minutes, a maximum of 10 minutes or a maximum of 5 minutes treated with the oxidizing agent.
- Preferred treatment times are in the range from 0.1 to 75 minutes, 0.5 to 30 minutes or 1 to 5 minutes. In this way, the polyphenol layer can be oxidized very efficiently and without damage or undesirable side reactions.
- the iodine and / or iodide is at least partially present as an iodine-iodide-starch complex or polyiodide-starch complex, also referred to below as iodine starch.
- iodine starch e.g. B. by mixing elemental iodine or iodine-iodide solutions (z. B. iodine-potassium iodide solution or iodine-sodium iodide solution) with starch, especially water-soluble starch.
- Suitable oxidant solutions can be about 0.01 to 80 milligrams per milliliter or about 10 to 50 milligrams per milliliter of starch, about 0.01 to 100 milligrams per milliliter or about 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of iodine and / or about 0.01 to 100 milligrams per milliliter or about 0.1 to 10 milligrams per milliliter of iodide, especially sodium and / or potassium iodide.
- iodide especially sodium and / or potassium iodide.
- iodine starch the oxidizing effect of elemental iodine can be used, but at the same time the reactivity of the iodine is reduced to such an extent that the reaction time and effective dose can be controlled better than when using pure iodine.
- Polyphenolic layer begins to disintegrate the inclusion compound, z. B. by cross-linking the starch, whereby the iodine or
- Iodide is released locally and can oxidize the polyphenol compound. Reactive iodine or iodide is therefore not released in the volume, but directly at the interface with the polyphenol layer, and only as long as oxidizable phenol groups are still present in the polyphenol layer.
- Reactive iodine or iodide is therefore not released in the volume, but directly at the interface with the polyphenol layer, and only as long as oxidizable phenol groups are still present in the polyphenol layer.
- Functional molecule is treated with the oxidizing agent.
- iodine starch has a blue, blue-violet to black color and becomes discolored with the disintegration of the inclusion compound.
- the inventors have found that the starch itself also with the oxidized polyphenol layer, e.g. B. by nucleophiles
- the starch binding also increases the hydrophilicity of the surface and makes it chemically inert.
- the method according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for the production of solid phase reagents for bioanalytical or immunological tests such as ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and for the hydrophilization or passivation of microfluidic components and systems, in particular
- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- the starch itself can therefore be used as a functional molecule in the context of the present invention, eg. B. if with the functionalization predominantly the goal of
- the functional molecule is preferably bound to the polyphenol layer from a solution, also referred to below as a functionalization solution, with which the
- Polyphenol layer is contacted under conditions that allow the functional molecule to bind or adsorb to the surface of the polyphenol layer.
- functional molecules of biological origin such as B.
- Proteins are particularly aqueous, salt-containing buffer solutions as functionalization solution with essentially physiological ionic strength and a pH in the range from pH 5.0 to pH 9.0. Suitable is e.g. B. a physiological phosphate-buffered saline solution (PBS-buffer) with pH 7.4.
- PBS-buffer physiological phosphate-buffered saline solution
- Further suitable buffer solutions are known to the person skilled in the art or can be readily determined with the aid of the present description.
- the functionalization solution contains at least 0.01 micrograms per milliliter, at least 0.05 micrograms per milliliter or at least 0.1 micrograms per milliliter and / or at most 10 milligrams per milliliter, at most 1 milligrams per milliliter, at most 100 micrograms each Milliliters, not more than 10 micrograms per milliliter,
- the concentration of the functional molecule is preferably in a range from 0.01 micrograms to 10 milligrams per milliliter
- the functional molecule can, for. B. in a mixture of at least two or more
- the total concentration of the functional molecules in the mixture preferably corresponds to the aforementioned concentration data
- the method is hardly reproducible because the
- reaction speed and the binding energy in this case depend on the individual physico-chemical properties of the various functional molecules. Since adsorption generally favors the binding of molecules with high abundance and / or high surface affinity and, in addition, when a stable absorption equilibrium is established in the presence of several proteins, low-affinity molecules can be displaced by high-affinity molecules, which means that surface functionalization is reproducible and controllable by adsorptive coupling of mixtures of different
- the polyphenol layer for at least 1 minute, at least 2 minutes, at least 3 minutes or at least 5 minutes and / or for a maximum of 120 minutes, a maximum of 60 minutes or a maximum of 30 minutes with the
- Preferred contact times are in the range from 1 to 120 minutes, preferably 2 to 60 minutes, particularly preferably 5 to 30 minutes.
- the functional molecule is preferably bound at a temperature of 10 ° C to 60 ° C, preferably 15 ° C to 40 ° C, particularly preferably 20 ° C to 37 ° C or 20 ° C to 25 ° C
- the method according to the invention provides a particularly homogeneous and
- the method according to the invention is suitable in principle for all functional molecules that react with the oxidized form of the polyphenol layer and, in particular, can form a covalent bond.
- Non-limiting examples are therefore chemical or biological functional molecules which contain at least one nucleophilic group such.
- B. contain an amino group (-NH 2) , a thiol group (-SH) and / or a hydroxy group (-OH).
- the functional molecule is particularly preferably a biomolecule, for example a protein and in particular an antibody, which, under the above-mentioned conditions, is particularly gently and, in contrast to conventional methods, safely coupled to the surface while largely maintaining the biological or biochemical function can be.
- the polyphenol layer is additionally treated, at least in sections, with at least one di- or multivalent nucleophile, i.e. a compound with two or more nucleophilic groups, hereinafter also as a blocking or blocking agent.
- the blocking or cross-linking step can take place after the functional molecule has been attached, after the treatment with the oxidizing agent and / or during the treatment with the oxidizing agent. In preferred embodiments, the blocking or crosslinking step is carried out after the functional molecule has been attached and after treatment with the oxidizing agent.
- the functional molecule and the di- or multivalent nucleophile are preferably different molecules. But it is also possible that the blocking or cross-linking step, the connection of the
- Functional molecule contains or replaces, in that the di- or multivalent nucleophile is at the same time a functional molecule, for example a protein which contributes to the inertization and / or hydrophilization of the surface.
- the nucleophilic groups in particular include two or more groups selected from -NTQ, -SH, -OH and any Combinations of these. Suitable nucleophiles can e.g. B.
- Some non-limiting examples are bovine serum albumin (BSA), casein, gelatin or their fragments.
- BSA bovine serum albumin
- a mixture of protein fragments obtained from gelatin is preferably used, which in
- the polyphenol layer is treated with the di- or multivalent nucleophile for at least 10 minutes, preferably at least 20 minutes, particularly preferably at least 30 minutes and / or at most 600 minutes, preferably at most 240 minutes, particularly preferably at most 120 minutes.
- the treatment time is preferably 10 to 600 minutes, in particular 30 to 240 minutes.
- the treatment is preferably carried out with the di- or
- multivalent nucleophile by contacting the polyphenol layer with a solution which is at least 0.1 percent by weight, preferably at least 0.5 percent by weight, particularly preferably at least 1 percent by weight and / or at most 50
- Weight percent preferably at most 10 weight percent
- Suitable concentrations range from 0.1 to 50 percent by weight, 1 to 10
- the sequence of the method steps according to the invention is not particularly restricted.
- the binding of the functional molecule to the polyphenol layer preferably before the treatment of the Polyphenol layer is carried out with the oxidizing agent, it is also possible to first oxidize the polyphenol layer and only then to bind the functional molecule to it.
- Another possibility is to combine the attachment of the functional molecule and the treatment with the oxidizing agent at least partially or completely in one step. This can be
- the two treatments with the oxidizing agent and with the di- or multivalent nucleophile can be exchanged or combined into one step, i. H. Oxidation and simultaneous blocking and
- Cross-linking step This can be particularly advantageous for further shortening the overall process duration.
- Certain versions can also include the three process steps, binding of the functional molecule, treatment with the
- the surfaces can be coated over with an aqueous saccharide, polysaccharide, protein or polymer solution, which then z. B. is removed or dried at atmospheric pressure, negative pressure or in vacuo.
- Suitable protective substances such as trehalose, pectin, gelatin or polyvinyl alcohol and corresponding processes are well known to the person skilled in the art.
- the method according to the invention is particularly distinguished by the fact that it is suitable in an unexpectedly universal way for surface functionalization of the most varied of materials and for the most varied of applications.
- the surface can e.g. B. a plastic surface, a ceramic surface, a
- the method comprises the functionalization of a plastic surface, the plastic being in particular made of polystyrene, polyvinyl chloride
- optical properties e.g. B. a high transparency and low birefringence, such as are used for optical devices or diagnostic methods with optical detection, functionalized with the method according to the invention.
- plastics such as COC
- the invention relates to a product or a carrier with a surface which
- Product according to the invention characterized in that at least in sections a polyphenol layer is present on the surface at least one functional molecule attached to the polyphenol layer is arranged, wherein between the
- the functional molecule comprises a protein, in particular an antibody or an antigen.
- at least two or more different functional molecules for example two or more different proteins, in particular two or more different antibodies and / or two or more different antigens, are covalently attached to the polyphenol layer
- the polyphenol layer additionally has a cross-linking between two or more
- Nucleophile is formed or can be formed on the polyphenol layer.
- the crosslinking or the di- or multivalent nucleophile comprises a biological or synthetic polymer, which is preferably composed of protein,
- Protein fragment peptide, polyethyleneimine, poly-L-lysine,
- Polyvinyl alcohol, hydroxyethyl cellulose, pectin and / or starch or a respective part thereof is selected.
- the product is a
- the product is a microtiter plate (microplate) or a cell culture plate.
- the product is a microfluidic component, for example a chip laboratory or a so-called "lab-on-a-chip device"
- the product is a solid particle, in particular a micro or nanoparticle.
- the product is a filter or a membrane. In still other configurations, the product is a
- Medical product for example a prosthesis, an implant, an implantable data chip, an artificial vessel or organ, a catheter, a stent, a tube, a blood bag, a probe, a contact lens or the like.
- a third aspect of the invention relates to a use of a method according to the first aspect or a use of a product according to the second aspect for technical,
- Purposes are, for example, separation and / or cleaning processes.
- Non-exhaustive possibilities for biotechnical purposes are e.g. B. analytical and / or diagnostic tests, in particular antibody-based or antigen-based
- Detection methods immunoassays and here in particular those in the so-called ELISA format.
- Implantation technology as well as in the hygiene area into consideration.
- a fourth aspect of the invention relates to a kit for functionalizing a surface.
- the kit includes
- a polyphenol layer can be produced in sections on the surface and then at least one functional molecule can be attached to the polyphenol layer in order to functionalize the surface.
- the kit contains at least one oxidizing agent with which the polyphenol layer can be treated at least in sections and in an oxidized form
- kit be set up to carry out a method according to the first aspect or to manufacture a product according to the second aspect. It is provided, for example, that one or more articles with the to be coated in the kit
- the oxidizing agent contained in the kit comprises hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2) , iodine (1 2) and / or iodide.
- the kit preferably contains the iodine and / or iodide at least partially as an iodine-iodide or polyiodide-starch complex or in a form with which an iodine-iodide or polyiodide-starch complex can be produced, e.g. B. as iodine-potassium iodide solution or iodine-sodium iodide solution.
- the kit can also contain starch, especially water-soluble starch,
- the kit can have one or more buffers and / or
- Buffer substances e.g. B. in powder form, for the preparation of a buffered solution of the polyphenol compound, des
- Preferred and advantageous embodiments of the product according to the second aspect of the invention, the use according to the third aspect of the invention and of the kit according to the fourth aspect of the invention correspond, as far as applicable, to those of the method according to the first aspect of the invention.
- Features that are disclosed above and below for the method can therefore also relate to the product, the use and the kit and vice versa.
- FIG. 1 shows the water contact angle in degrees (y-axis) of tannic acid layers on polystyrene as a function of the duration in minutes (x-axis) of an oxidative treatment with iodine or iodine starch of different composition.
- A 2 milligrams per milliliter of iodine;
- B 0.4 milligrams per milliliter of starch + 0.02 milligrams per milliliter of iodine;
- C 4 milligrams per milliliter
- Figure 2 shows the water contact angles in degrees (y-axis) of
- FIG. 3 shows dose-effect curves of a sandwich immunoassay for
- FIG. 4 shows the quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence signals from IgG-Cy5 (y-axis) on a conventional functionalized surface (A) and one
- FIG. 5 shows the quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence signals from IgG-Cy5 on the conventionally functionalized
- FIG. 6 shows the quantitative evaluation of the fluorescence signals from IgG-Cy5 (y-axis) on a conventional
- FIG. 7 shows dose-effect curves of a sandwich immunoassay for
- Example 1 Production of a polyphenol layer on a polystyrene surface
- Polystyrene is a widely used standard plastic for single-use plastic items from daily laboratory use, such as microtiter plates, cuvettes and cell culture vessels. In many applications such as B. in the production of immunoassays, it is necessary to the polystyrene surface with functional molecules such. B. to functionalize antibodies or antigens.
- uncoated polystyrene surface is 90 °. Treatment with the coating solution lowers the contact angle by 40 ° to about 50 ° (FIG. 1: time 0), i.e. H. the
- the oxidation step i.e. H. the treatment of
- Polyphenolic layer with an oxidizing agent is a
- polystyrene surfaces coated with tannic acid were produced according to Example 1 and then with an iodine solution at a concentration of 2 milligrams per milliliter (A) or with an iodine starch solution at 0.4
- Milliliters of iodine (B) 4 milligrams per milliliter of starch and 0.2 milligrams per milliliter of iodine (C) or 40 milligrams per
- a suitable iodine solution in a concentration of 2 milligrams per milliliter can be z. B. from nine parts
- Iodine starch solution with 40 milligrams per milliliter of starch and 2 milligrams per milliliter of iodine can be prepared from nine parts of starch solution with 4 percent by weight of soluble starch according to Zulkowsky (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) in water and one part of 2% Lugol's solution.
- Oxidizing agent Treatment with iodine (A) alone leads to high-energy phenolic groups due to the oxidation
- FIG. 2 shows the results of this experiment, the diagram again showing the change in the contact angle (y-axis) as a measure of the surface energy or hydrophilicity of the treated surface over the treatment time in minutes (x-axis) depending on the respective oxidizing agent.
- Perfect Block lowers the contact angle of an untreated reference polystyrene surface (PS + PB) from 90 ° to around 60 °.
- the blocking and crosslinking step lowers the contact angle of the
- Tannic acid layers on the other hand at 35 °.
- Example 3 Comparison of the amount of active antibody of a
- a central field of application of functionalized surfaces is the production of solid phase reagents for analytical or diagnostic detection methods.
- ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- sandwich ELISA an antibody is bound to the surface of a solid phase, usually the polystyrene surface of a microtiter plate with 96 separate wells, the so-called "wells".
- the sample with the antigen to be detected is placed in the wells and incubated.
- the to the plate bound antibodies the antigen present in the sample, which can then be detected or quantified in further steps.
- the measurement signal is directly proportional to the amount of the antibody that is immobilized in functional or active form on the surface, ie the amount of antibody that is not caused by the
- the signal level or the dynamic sensitivity of the sandwich ELISA provides direct information about how the amounts of active surface-bound antibodies vary with different
- the aim of this experiment was to compare the active amount of antibody in a microtiter plate, which was functionalized in a customary industrial manner by direct adsorption of antibodies to the polystyrene surface, with that amount of active antibody in a microtiter plate
- inventively functionalized polystyrene surface is achieved.
- a tannic acid layer analogous to Example 1 was first produced in the wells of the microtiter plate. Thereafter, the antibody was raised under the same conditions as described in (A) above the tannic acid layer bound. After removing the
- Antibody solution was carried out in the next step, the treatment with oxidizing agent, with 100 microliters of an iodine starch solution (40 milligrams per milliliter of starch, 2 milligrams per
- Antibody-HRP conjugate (HyTest Ltd., Finland) was incubated in PBS buffer pH 7.4 for 15 minutes without shaking.
- FIG. 3 shows the result of this experiment using the dose-effect curves determined for the conventionally functionalized microtiter plate (A) and the microtiter plate modified according to the invention (B). It can be seen immediately that the surface functionalization according to the invention in all
- a polymer or a protein can be adsorbed.
- the technically important adsorption of proteins is only mentioned using the example of lysozyme. Lysozyme is considered one of the
- Oxidizing agents that have been functionalized with a protein.
- IgG-Cy5 As an example of a technically relevant protein, an antibody was used for the functionalization, here immunoglobulin G from sheep, which was labeled with the fluorescent dye Cy5 (hereinafter “IgG-Cy5”; Sigma-Aldrich, Germany). IgG-Cy5 can be obtained by means of fluorescence-based imaging processes can be made visible and quantified directly on a technical surface
- 96-well microtiter plates made of polystyrene (Sarstedt AG & Co. KG, Germany) were included in each well 150 microliters of a tannic acid solution in a concentration of 1 millimole per liter in PBS buffer and incubated at a temperature of 20 ° C to 23 ° C for one hour without shaking. The tannic acid solution was then removed and each well washed with 300 microliters of deionized water and dried.
- the polyphenol layer was treated with an oxidizing agent prior to contacting with IgG-Cy5.
- an oxidizing agent for this purpose, one half of the wells of one of the microtiter plates coated with tannic acid was oxidized with an iodine starch solution.
- 1.0 gram of iodine and 2.0 grams of sodium iodide were first dissolved in 50 milliliters of deionized water and, separately, 20.0 grams of Zulkowsky starch in 1.5 liters of deionized water.
- the wells of the microtiter plate were each filled with 150 microliters of the starch iodine solution and incubated for 5 minutes at 20 ° C to 25 ° C.
- the comparison wells in the other half of the microtiter plate were incubated with PBS buffer during this time.
- Fluorescence signals on the surface of the wells as a measure of the amount of surface-bound IgG-Cy5 (y-axis) as a function of the IgG-Cy5 concentration used during the
- Immobilization (x-axis) before treating the surface with Perfect Block solution The mean values and standard deviations from three different wells after conventional functionalization (A) and inventive functionalization (B) are shown for each concentration.
- the surface loading with IgG-Cy5 on the surface (B) functionalized according to the invention was accordingly about 13% higher than on the comparison surface (A), which was not treated with the oxidizing agent according to the prior art.
- FIG. 5 shows the corresponding quantitative evaluation for the amount of IgG-Cy5 that was still bound to the surface (B) functionalized according to the invention and the comparison surface (A) after the treatment with Perfect Block solution.
- the surface concentration of IgG-Cy5 was accordingly on the surface (B) functionalized according to the invention after
- Treatment with Perfect Block Solution could detach from the surface again.
- the significantly improved stability of the surface functionalized according to the invention is z. B. for the production of solid phase reagents for diagnostics and especially as a solid phase in ELISA tests, because such
- the polyphenol layer was not before, but during
- Microtiter plates coated with tannic acid were filled in equal parts with iodine starch solution and a doubly concentrated IgG-Cy5 solution, so that the final concentrations of IgG-Cy5 in the wells again corresponded to the above-mentioned concentrations of the first variant.
- the comparison wells of the other half of the microtiter plate were filled in equal parts with the doubly concentrated IgG-Cy5 solution and PBS buffer instead of the starch iodine solution. This was followed by incubation for 15 minutes on a horizontal shaker at 200-300 rpm in the dark. After removing the antibody solution and washing the wells with PBS buffer, the concentration of surface-bound IgG-Cy5 in the wells was quantified as described above.
- Antibody solution on the surface (B) functionalized according to the invention about 25% higher fluorescence signals were measured than on the conventionally functionalized surface (A) which was not treated with the oxidizing agent. This means that in the variant of the invention
- Oxidizing agent is treated, about 25% more IgG-Cy5 molecules were bound to the surface per unit of time than in the conventional method.
- a polyphenol layer was produced in the wells of the microtiter plate with tannic acid as described in Example 1, to which monoclonal anti-myoglobin antibodies were then bound as described in Example 3.
- the surface functionalized in this way was used as a reference directly in the subsequent sandwich ELISA (A).
- the surface was treated with Perfect Block as a further reference (B).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019105192.4A DE102019105192A1 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | Verfahren zur Funktionalisierung einer Oberfläche, Erzeugnis mit einer nach dem Verfahren funktionalisierten Oberfläche und Verwendungen derselben |
| PCT/EP2020/055101 WO2020174032A1 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Verfahren zur funktionalisierung einer oberfläche, erzeugnis mit einer nach dem verfahren funktionalisierten oberfläche und verwendungen derselben |
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| EP3931567A1 true EP3931567A1 (de) | 2022-01-05 |
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| EP20707261.2A Pending EP3931567A1 (de) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Verfahren zur funktionalisierung einer oberfläche, erzeugnis mit einer nach dem verfahren funktionalisierten oberfläche und verwendungen derselben |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US12566175B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3931567A1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA3130177C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102019105192A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2020174032A1 (de) |
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| CN112246668B (zh) * | 2020-10-09 | 2021-12-31 | 衡山县宏达农机专业合作社 | 一种绿茶茶叶重金属检测设备 |
| JP2024528708A (ja) * | 2021-07-21 | 2024-07-30 | パーデュー リサーチ ファウンデーション | がん免疫療法を増強するための免疫原性細胞死誘導剤のナノ構築物及びナノ粒子媒介性送達 |
| CN115920649A (zh) * | 2021-09-27 | 2023-04-07 | 天津工业大学 | 一种制备亲水分离膜的方法 |
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| GB190707775A (en) | 1906-12-10 | 1907-07-04 | Edward Goodrich Acheson | An Improved Manufacture of Graphite and Method of Producing same. |
| US3057792A (en) | 1957-12-21 | 1962-10-09 | Siemens Ag | Method for improving the imprintability of synthetic material |
| US5344701A (en) | 1992-06-09 | 1994-09-06 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Porous supports having azlactone-functional surfaces |
| US5817470A (en) | 1995-03-10 | 1998-10-06 | Sociedad Biotecnologica Collico Limitada | Immobilization of antigens to solid support by the mussel adhesive polyphenolic protein and the method for use therein |
| RU2571924C2 (ru) * | 2009-03-04 | 2015-12-27 | ЛайвЛиф, Инк., | Способ и вещество для активируемого сайтом комплексообразования биологических молекул |
| WO2012051466A1 (en) * | 2010-10-14 | 2012-04-19 | Sportsman Consulting Llc | Analytical method and titration device |
| KR101257996B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-01 | 2013-04-30 | 아주대학교산학협력단 | 폴리페놀산화효소를 이용한 생리활성 물질의 표면 고정화 방법 |
| JP5536002B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-22 | 2014-07-02 | 株式会社中部パイル工業所 | 布帛、糸、又はフロックの表面処理方法 |
| US10179114B2 (en) * | 2013-01-24 | 2019-01-15 | Northwestern University | Phenolic coatings and methods of making and using same |
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- 2019-02-28 DE DE102019105192.4A patent/DE102019105192A1/de active Pending
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- 2020-02-27 US US17/434,104 patent/US12566175B2/en active Active
- 2020-02-27 CA CA3130177A patent/CA3130177C/en active Active
- 2020-02-27 EP EP20707261.2A patent/EP3931567A1/de active Pending
- 2020-02-27 WO PCT/EP2020/055101 patent/WO2020174032A1/de not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| US20220137044A1 (en) | 2022-05-05 |
| WO2020174032A1 (de) | 2020-09-03 |
| US12566175B2 (en) | 2026-03-03 |
| DE102019105192A1 (de) | 2020-09-03 |
| CA3130177A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
| CA3130177C (en) | 2024-01-23 |
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