EP3922937A1 - Verdampfungsvorrichtung - Google Patents

Verdampfungsvorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3922937A1
EP3922937A1 EP19918713.9A EP19918713A EP3922937A1 EP 3922937 A1 EP3922937 A1 EP 3922937A1 EP 19918713 A EP19918713 A EP 19918713A EP 3922937 A1 EP3922937 A1 EP 3922937A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
trough
heating liquid
manifold
end wall
heat transfer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19918713.9A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3922937A4 (de
EP3922937B1 (de
Inventor
Yoshihiko TSURU
Yuji Sumida
Kazuya Kawata
Kosuke HIGASHI
Satoshi Chikaguchi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP2019163411A external-priority patent/JP7242481B2/ja
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Publication of EP3922937A1 publication Critical patent/EP3922937A1/de
Publication of EP3922937A4 publication Critical patent/EP3922937A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3922937B1 publication Critical patent/EP3922937B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C9/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure
    • F17C9/02—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied or solidified gases from vessels not under pressure with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/03—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with plate-like or laminated conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits with tubular conduits
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D3/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium flows in a continuous film, or trickles freely, over the conduits
    • F28D3/04—Distributing arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0115—Single phase dense or supercritical, i.e. at high pressure and high density
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F17C2227/0309—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating using another fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/05—Regasification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05358—Assemblies of conduits connected side by side or with individual headers, e.g. section type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D1/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators
    • F28D1/02—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid
    • F28D1/04—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits
    • F28D1/053—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight
    • F28D1/0535—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary conduit assemblies for one heat-exchange medium only, the media being in contact with different sides of the conduit wall, in which the other heat-exchange medium is a large body of fluid, e.g. domestic or motor car radiators with heat-exchange conduits immersed in the body of fluid with tubular conduits the conduits being straight the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
    • F28D1/05366—Assemblies of conduits connected to common headers, e.g. core type radiators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0047—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for hydrogen or other compressed gas storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
    • F28D2021/0061—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for phase-change applications
    • F28D2021/0064—Vaporizers, e.g. evaporators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
    • F28F2009/0285—Other particular headers or end plates
    • F28F2009/0297—Side headers, e.g. for radiators having conduits laterally connected to common header

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vaporizing apparatus for vaporizing a liquefied gas.
  • a vaporizing apparatus disclosed in Patent Literature 1 includes a plurality of heat transfer panels each including a plurality of heat transfer tubes vertically provided to guide a liquefied gas upward, and a plurality of troughs each configured to sprinkle heating liquid having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas over the heat transfer panels.
  • the plurality of heat transfer panels and the plurality of troughs are alternately arranged in a direction perpendicularly intersecting a lining-up direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes.
  • a plurality of supplying pipes extending from a manifold are connected to the corresponding troughs.
  • the heating liquid is supplied to the plurality of troughs through the manifold and the plurality of supplying pipes.
  • the heating liquid overflows from the troughs and is supplied to the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the heat transfer panels adjacent to each of the troughs. While the heating liquid is flowing down along the outer surface of each of the heat transfer tubes, the liquefied gas does heat exchange with the heating liquid with flowing upward in the heat transfer tubes. Owing to the heat exchange, the heating liquid has a decreased temperature, and the liquefied gas having an increased temperature vaporizes.
  • a part of the plurality of troughs may need a smaller amount of the heating liquid than other remaining troughs to supply the heating liquid to a corresponding heat transfer panel.
  • an outermost trough disposed in an outermost position of a row of the heat transfer panels is adjacent to an outermost heat transfer panel.
  • a trough provided between two heat transfer panels adjacent to each other is adjacent to the two heat transfer panels.
  • the outermost trough may supply a smaller amount of the heating liquid than the remaining troughs.
  • Patent Literature 1 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2017-40296
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a vaporizing apparatus having a configuration that enables to differentiate supply amounts of heating liquid among a plurality of troughs.
  • a vaporizing apparatus is configured to vaporize a liquefied gas by a way of heat exchange between the liquefied gas and heating liquid having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas.
  • the vaporizing apparatus includes: a plurality of heat transfer panels each including a plurality of heat transfer tubes standing and horizontally lining up for guiding the liquefied gas; a first trough for supplying the heating liquid to an outer surface of each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of one of the plurality of heat transfer panels; a second trough for supplying the heating liquid to an outer surface of each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of another of the plurality of heat transfer panels; a manifold allowing the heating liquid to flow in; a first supplying pipe connecting the manifold with the first trough for supplying the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough; and a second supplying pipe connecting the manifold with the second trough for supplying the heating liquid from the manifold with the second t
  • the aforementioned vaporizing apparatus has a configuration that enables to differentiate supply amounts of heating liquid among a plurality of troughs.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view illustrating a vaporizing apparatus (ORV) 100 of an open rack type.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the vaporizing apparatus 100, being taken along a vertical plane. The vaporizing apparatus 100 will be described with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 .
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 is configured to vaporize a liquefied natural gas (hereinafter referred to as "liquefied gas") by making heat exchange between the liquefied gas and heating liquid having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas.
  • liquefied gas a liquefied natural gas obtained by the way of heat exchange
  • the heating liquid seawater is used in the embodiment.
  • other liquid having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas may serve as the heating liquid.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 includes a lower manifold 111 in which liquefied gas flows, an upper manifold 112 in which vaporized gas flows, and a plurality of heat transfer panels 113.
  • the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 extend in a horizontal direction.
  • the upper manifold 112 extends above and substantially in parallel with the lower manifold 111.
  • the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are connected with the upper manifold 112 and the lower manifold 111.
  • the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 line up in the horizontal direction and spaced away from one another.
  • the extending direction of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 is the same as the lining-up direction of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113.
  • the lower manifold 111 is adapted for distributing the liquefied gas to the plurality of heat transfer panels 113.
  • the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are adapted for making heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the seawater.
  • the upper manifold 112 is adapted for collecting the vaporized gas obtained by the way of heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the seawater.
  • the upper manifold 112 is connected to a supplying device (not illustrated) for supplying the vaporized gas to a predetermined demanding destination (not illustrated).
  • Each of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 includes a lower header pipe 114, an upper header pipe 115, and a plurality of heat transfer tubes 116.
  • Each of the lower header pipe 114 and the upper header pipe 115 extends in a horizontal direction perpendicularly intersecting the extending direction of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112, and spaced away vertically from each other.
  • the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 extend vertically between the lower header pipe 114 and the upper header pipe 115.
  • the lower header pipe 114 extends from the lower manifold 111 and defines a lower end of the heat transfer panel 113
  • the upper header pipe 115 extends from the upper manifold 112 and defines an upper end of the heat transfer panel 113.
  • the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 extend upward from the lower header pipe 114 and joins the upper header pipe 115.
  • the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 line up in the extending direction of the lower header pipe 114 and the upper header pipe 115.
  • the lining-up direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 is hereinafter referred to as a "first horizontal direction.”
  • the horizontal direction that perpendicularly intersects the first horizontal direction and is the extending direction of the lower manifold 111 and the upper manifold 112 is hereinafter referred to as a "second horizontal direction.”
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 has a pump 121 for discharging the seawater, and a manifold 122 for guiding the seawater discharged from the pump 121 in the second horizontal direction.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 further has: a plurality of first supplying pipes 123' and a plurality of second supplying pipes 123 respectively connected with the manifold 122 and a plurality of troughs 130.
  • the manifold 122 defines flow paths with the plurality of first supplying pipes 123' and the plurality of second supplying pipes 123 respectively for supplying the seawater to the troughs 130.
  • the manifold 122 extends in the second horizontal direction, and spaced away from the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 in the first horizontal direction.
  • the manifold 122 has a plurality of outflow ports 125 from which the seawater having flowed into the manifold 122 flows out.
  • the plurality of outflow ports 125 are on a line in the second horizontal direction and spaced away from one another.
  • the plurality of troughs 130 and the plurality of heat transfer panels 113 are disposed alternately in the second horizontal direction.
  • each of the plurality of troughs 130 is disposed at a lower position than the upper header pipe 115.
  • the trough 130 neighbors an upper portion of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 of the corresponding heat transfer panel 113 in the second horizontal direction, the upper portion being at a higher position than a middle of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 in the vertical direction.
  • the trough 130 is disposed at a higher position than the manifold 122 having the outflow port 125.
  • Each of the plurality of troughs 130 includes a box body 131 for storing the seawater, and a guiding portion 139 for guiding the seawater having overflowed from the box body 131 to an outer surface of each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of the corresponding heat transfer panel 113.
  • the box body 131 has a rectangular-shaped casing that is long in the first horizontal direction and short in the second horizontal direction.
  • the box body 131 opens upward.
  • the box body 131 has a substantially rectangular bottom wall 132 elongated in the first horizontal direction, and a peripheral wall 133 standing upward from an outer peripheral edge of the bottom wall 132.
  • the peripheral wall 133 has an upper end entirely lying on a substantially horizontal plane.
  • the peripheral wall 133 includes a pair of side walls 134, 135 standing upward from a pair of longitudinally extending end edges of the bottom wall 132, and a pair of a first end wall 136 and a second end wall 137 standing upward from a pair of widthwise extending end edges of the bottom wall 132.
  • the side walls 134, 135 stand at the opposite positions spaced away from each other in the second horizontal direction while the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 stand at the opposite positions spaced away from each other in the first horizontal direction.
  • the dimension of the side walls 134, 135 and the bottom wall 132 in the first horizontal direction is set to be larger than the lining-up dimension of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 in the first horizontal direction.
  • the box body 131 is arranged in such a way that the side walls 134, 135 overlap the whole of the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 in the second horizontal direction.
  • the first end wall 136 is arranged closer to the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122 than the second end wall 137.
  • the first end wall 136 has an inflow port 138 for allowing the seawater to flow in (see Fig. 1 ).
  • a center of the inflow port 138 is located below a center of the first end wall.
  • a position of the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 substantially coincides with a position of the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122.
  • the trough 130 is disposed at a higher position than the manifold 122. Accordingly, the position of the inflow port 138 formed in the first end wall 136 of the trough 130 is also higher than that of the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122.
  • each of the inner troughs 130 that is disposed between the transfer panels 113 adjacent to each other is hereinafter referred to as a "first trough 130A”.
  • each of the two troughs 130 in outermost positions of a row of the heat transfer panels 113 is hereinafter referred to as a "second trough 130B”.
  • Each of the two second troughs 130B is adjacent only to one of heat transfer panels 113.
  • each of the two first troughs 130A is disposed between two of the heat transfer panels 113 that are adjacent to each other, and thus is adjacent to the two heat transfer panels 113.
  • each of the second troughs 130B the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 are higher than the side walls 134, 135. Specifically, each of the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137 has an upper end extending at a higher position than upper ends of the side walls 134, 135.
  • the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the right side wall 135 are higher than the left side wall 134 (i.e., the side wall 134 facing the heat transfer panel 113).
  • each of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the side wall 135 has an upper end extending at a higher position than an upper end of the side wall 134.
  • one side wall closer to the heat transfer panel 113 is shorter than the other side wall opposite to the one side wall.
  • first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the left side wall 134 are higher than the right side wall 135 (i.e., the side wall 135 facing the heat transfer panel 113).
  • each of the first end wall 136, the second end wall 137, and the side wall 134 has an upper end extending at a higher position than the upper end of the side wall 135.
  • the guiding portion 139 has an inclined surface inclining downward from an upper end edge of at least one of the side walls 134, 135 to the heat transfer panel 113 that is the supply destination of the seawater.
  • the guiding portion 139 is used to guide the seawater having flowed over the upper end edge of the side walls 134, 135 of the box body 131 after supplied beyond the capacity of the box body 131 to the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116 of the corresponding heat transfer panel 113.
  • the guiding portion 139 protrudes rightward from the upper end of the side wall 135 closer to the heat transfer panel 113. No guiding portion 139 is provided to the opposite side wall 134. In the right second trough 130B, the guiding portion 139 protrudes leftward from the upper end of the left side wall 134. No guiding portion 139 is provided to the opposite side wall 135. In each of the first troughs 130A, the guiding portion 139 protrudes outward from both the upper ends of the side walls 134, 135.
  • Each of the first supplying pipes 123' and the second supplying pipes 123 has an upstream end joining the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122, and a downstream end joining the inflow port 138 of the corresponding trough 130, and defines a flow path between the upstream end and the downstream end for allowing the seawater to pass through the flow path.
  • the first supplying pipe 123' extends from the manifold 122 to reach the inflow port 138 of the first trough 130A.
  • the second supplying pipe 123 extends from the manifold 122 to reach the inflow port 138 of the second trough 130B.
  • the second supplying pipe 123 has a smaller flow path cross-sectional area than the first supplying pipe 123'.
  • the liquefied gas is supplied to the lower manifold 111 by a pump (not illustrated).
  • the liquefied gas having flowed into the lower manifold 111 flows to the lower header pipe 114 of each of the plurality of heat transfer panels 113.
  • the liquefied gas having flowed to the lower header pipe 114 flows upward through the plurality of heat transfer tubes 116.
  • the liquefied gas vaporizes by the way of heat exchange between the liquefied gas and the seawater.
  • the vaporized gas flows upward to the upper header pipe 115. Subsequently, the vaporized gas flows through the upper header pipe 115, and is collected in the upper manifold 112.
  • the seawater is supplied to the manifold 122 by the pump 121.
  • the seawater is guided in the second horizontal direction by the manifold 122, and distributed to the plurality of first supplying pipes 123' and the plurality of second supplying pipes 123 respectively connected with the manifold 122.
  • the seawater having flowed through the plurality of first and second supplying pipes 123', 123 flows into the corresponding first troughs 130A and second troughs 130B.
  • the seawater having flowed into each of the first and second troughs 130A, 130B forms a liquid layer in the space defined by the bottom wall 132 and the peripheral wall 133.
  • each of the two first troughs 130A is required to supply the heating liquid to two of the heat transfer panels 113, whereas each of the two second troughs 130B supplies the heating liquid to one of the heat transfer panels 113.
  • the first troughs 130A are required to send out the heating liquid having a larger flow than that sent out from the second troughs 130B. Accordingly, each of the first troughs 130A needs a larger supply amount of the heating liquid than the second troughs 130B.
  • the supplying pipes 123' are set to have the larger flow path cross-sectional area than the supplying pipes 123 to differentiate supply amounts of the heating liquid between the first troughs 130A and the second troughs 130B. This configuration eliminates the necessity of attaching any valve to each of the first and second supplying pipes 123, 123' to achieve the aforementioned magnitude relationship of the flows.
  • the conventional structure has the flow path to allow the seawater to flow in from the bottom surface of the trough.
  • a tube member defining the flow path extends from the manifold beyond the first end wall and joins the inflow port formed in the bottom surface of the trough.
  • the first and second supplying pipes 123', 123 are connected to the first end wall 136 without extending beyond the first end wall 136, which thus reduces not only the cost for the material of the first and second supplying pipes 123', 123 but also the resistance to the flow of the seawater flowing through the first and second supplying pipe 123', 123.
  • a liquefied natural gas is exemplified as the liquefied gas.
  • the liquefied gas may be liquefied petroleum gas, liquid nitrogen, or the like.
  • the box body 131 of the trough 130 may contain various components with the aim of regulating the inflow of the seawater into the trough 130 or suppressing a liquid surface rising of the seawater in the trough 130.
  • An exemplary internal structure of the box body 131 is illustrated in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal cross-sectional view of the box body 131.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 includes a closing member 140 mounted on an inner surface of the box body 131 in order to close a part of the inflow port 138.
  • the closing member 140 is used to ensure a substantially uniformed inflow of the seawater with the other troughs 130.
  • an orifice in which an opening 141 is formed in the first horizontal direction may be preferably used.
  • the opening 141 has a smaller area than the inflow port 138.
  • the closing member 140 may be mounted on an inner surface of the first end wall 136 and/or the side walls 134, 135. Further, the closing member 140 may be removable from the first end wall 136 and/or the side walls 134, 135.
  • the side walls 134,135 may be formed with grooves in the inner surfaces of the side walls 134, 135, side ends of the closing member 140 being inserted into the grooves.
  • an orifice as the closing member 140 for each of the plurality of troughs 130, the orifice having a proper opening area for the plurality of troughs 130.
  • fluidic devices such as butterfly valves and orifice members, are generally provided in the flow passage extending from the manifold to the plurality of troughs. These devices are used to suppress a variation of a flow amount of seawater into a plurality of troughs.
  • the closing member 140 is used to suppress the variation of a flow amount of the seawater among the plurality of troughs.
  • an operator who performs a replacement operation can easily access the closing member 140 owing to an upward opening of the box body 131.
  • the operator can remove the mounted closing member 140 from the box body 131, and mount another closing member in the box body 131.
  • the replacement of the closing member 140 does not require the disassembly of the first and second supplying pipes 123', 123.
  • the operator can perform the replacement operation in a larger space above the trough 130, not in a smaller space defined by the first and second supplying pipes 123', 123. Accordingly, the operator can replace the closing member 140 more easily.
  • the inflow port 138 is formed in the first end wall 136.
  • the heating liquid having flowed in through the inflow port 138 collides against the opposite second end wall 137.
  • a part of the heating liquid having collided against the second end wall 137 flows upward, and causes the liquid surface of the heating liquid to rise at a location closer to the second end wall 137.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 may include a rise suppressing portion for suppressing a liquid surface rising in the trough 130.
  • the rise suppressing portion has an obstructor provided between the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137.
  • the obstructor is provided in such a way that the seawater having flowed in from the inflow port 138 collides against the obstructor before colliding against the second end wall 137.
  • the obstructor includes a baffle plate (or obstructive pieces) 151 standing upward from the bottom wall 132. It is shown in Fig. 3 that three baffle plates 151 are provided.
  • a plurality of baffle plates 151 line up in the first horizontal direction between the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137, and spaced away from one another.
  • the plurality of baffle plates 151 are mounted on the bottom wall 132 and/or the side walls 134, 135.
  • the plurality of baffle plates 151 may be removable from the bottom wall 132 and/or the side walls 134, 135.
  • a height dimension of the baffle plate 151 is smaller than a height dimension of the peripheral wall 133, so that a space is defined above the baffle plates 151, the space allowing the seawater to flow in the first horizontal direction.
  • the seawater having flowed into the box body 131 collides against the plurality of baffle plates 151.
  • the effect which the baffle plates 151 bring on the seawater flowing in the box body 131 will be described below.
  • Fig. 3 shows a straight line (solid line) extending in the first horizontal direction above the plurality of baffle plates 151 and a dotted curved line.
  • the solid line schematically illustrates a presumed liquid surface of the seawater in a configuration having the plurality of baffle plates 151.
  • the dotted line schematically illustrates a presumed liquid surface of the seawater in a configuration having no baffle plates 151.
  • the seawater having sequentially passed through the inflow port 138 and the opening 141 of the closing member (orifice member) 140 will vigorously collide against an inner surface of the second end wall 137.
  • Apart of the seawater having collided against the second end wall 137 energetically flows upward along the inner surface of the second end wall 137. This results in a liquid surface upward rising of the seawater at a location closer to the inner surface of the second end wall 137 in the box body 131, as shown in the dotted line.
  • baffle plate 151 provided most upstream (i.e., a baffle plate 151 provided closest to the first end wall 136).
  • a part of the seawater having collided against the baffle plate 151 turns its direction to flow in directions other than the first horizontal direction, while the other seawater passes over the baffle plate 151 to flow to the second end wall 137.
  • the seawater having passed over the most-upstream baffle plate 151 collides against the next baffle plate 151.
  • the seawater collides against the plurality of baffle plates 151 one after another, resulting in a less amount of the seawater flowing energetically to the second end wall 137.
  • the collisional force between the seawater and the second end wall 137 is smaller in the configuration having the plurality of baffle plates 151 than the configuration having no baffle plates 151, which then reduces the upward flowing force of the seawater caused by the collision of the seawater against the second end wall 137. This results in a lowered liquid surface rising at the location closer to the inner surface of the second end wall 137.
  • the number of provided baffle plates 151 may be preferably determined on the basis of the flow of the seawater into the trough 130 and a flowing condition of the seawater in the trough 130 to make the liquid surface of the seawater in the trough 130 substantially flat. Accordingly, the obstructor may have one or two baffle plates 151, further may have three or more baffle plates 151.
  • Figs. 4 and 5 are schematic perspective views of an alternative obstructor.
  • a porous plate 152 having many through holes in the first horizontal direction may be used as an obstructor (see Fig. 4 ).
  • the through holes of the porous plate 152 allow the seawater to pass through. Accordingly, the porous plate 152 may have substantially the same height dimension as the peripheral wall 133.
  • a small block 153 whose dimensional differences in the first horizontal direction, second horizontal direction, and the vertical direction are smaller than those of the baffle plate 151 may be used (see Fig. 5 ).
  • the shape and size of a member serving as the rise suppressing portion may be preferably determined so as to make the liquid surface of the seawater in the box body 131 substantially flat.
  • the rise suppressing portion may be configured to have a plate-like lid member 154 provided at a location closer to the second end wall 137 in the box body 131.
  • the lid member 154 has many through holes. Accordingly, the lid member 154 may be preferably made of a porous plate (plate).
  • the lid member 154 may be used singly as the rise suppressing portion (see Fig. 6 ), or may be used in a combination with an obstructor (a baffle plate 151, for example) as the rise suppressing portion.
  • the lid member 154 is provided to lie on a substantially horizontal plane with extending from a vicinity of the second end wall 137 in the first horizontal direction.
  • the lid member 154 partitions vertically a part of an inner space of the box body 131 at the location closer to the second end wall 137.
  • a pair of side ends of the lid member 154 may be attached to the inner surfaces of the side walls 134, 135.
  • a downstream end of the lid member 154 may be attached to and made contact with the inner surface of the second end wall 137 (see Fig. 6 ).
  • the downstream end of the lid member 154 may be placed at a location slightly away in the first horizontal direction from the inner surface of the second end wall 137 (see Fig. 7 ).
  • the downstream end of the lid member 154 is close to the inner surface of the second end wall 137, while an upstream end of the lid member 154 is far away from the inner surface of the first end wall 136.
  • the lid member 154 may be preferably removable from the box body 131.
  • the lid member 154 is provided at a position higher than the inflow port 138. Accordingly, most of the seawater having flowed from the inflow port 138 through the opening of the closing member (orifice member) 140 into the box body 131 collides against the inner surface of the second end wall 137 below the lid member 154.
  • the lid member has through holes.
  • the seawater flows to the space above the lid member through a space between the upstream end of the lid member and the upstream first end wall 136.
  • Figs. 6 and 7 show a single porous plate serving as the lid member 154.
  • a plurality of porous plates (plates) 155 may serve as the lid member 154 in the box body 131 (see Fig. 8 ).
  • These porous plates 155 are spaced away from one another in the first horizontal direction. Additionally, these porous plates 155 are provided at substantially the same vertical position (at a position higher than the inflow port and lower than an upper end of the box body 131).
  • the most-downstream porous plate 155 is equivalent to the lid member 154 described above with reference to Figs. 6 and 7 . In other words, the most-downstream porous plate 155 contributes to suppression of the liquid surface rising at a location closer to the second end wall 137.
  • the other porous plates 155 contribute to suppression of the liquid surface waving due to the seawater from the inflow port 138.
  • An inflow port 138 which is formed in a lower portion of the first end wall 136 serves to hinder the liquid surface waving to some extent. Further, these porous plates 155 hinder the liquid surface waving more effectively.
  • a plurality of thin plates each having no through holes may be mounted at the same position as the porous plates 155.
  • the seawater flows to a space above the thin plates through a gap between the neighboring thin plates.
  • the plurality of thin plates can exert the suppression effect to the liquid surface waving and rising.
  • a single porous plate 156 that is long in the first horizontal direction may serve as the lid member 154 (see Fig. 9 ) to obtain the suppression effect to the liquid surface waving and rising.
  • the single porous plate 156 shown in Fig. 9 partitions vertically the inner space of the box body 131 between the inner surface of the first end wall 136 and the inner surface of the second end wall 137.
  • the porous plate 156 lies at vertically the same position as the porous plate 155 in Fig. 8 .
  • the seawater flows to the space above the porous plate 156 through the through holes of the porous plate 156.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the manifold 122.
  • the inflow port 1 38 of the first end wall 136 is arranged at a vertical position different from that of the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122.
  • the relative positional relationship of the manifold 122 to the plurality of troughs 130 may be determined so that the inflow port 138 of the first end wall 136 substantially coaxially aligns with the outflow port 125 of the manifold 122 (see Fig. 10 ).
  • the manifold 122 may be arranged at a position higher than that shown in Fig. 1 so that the vertical position of the manifold 122 substantially coincides with the vertical position of the plurality of troughs 130.
  • the first and second supplying pipes 123 each of a straight type can be suitably used as the supplying pipe connected to the manifold, consequently forming a flow path shorter than the bended flow path.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 may additionally include another manifold 122 and another first supplying pipe 123' (and/or another second supplying pipe 123) (see FIG. 11 ).
  • the second end wall 137 has an inflow port 138 as well.
  • the vaporizing apparatus 100 additionally includes another closing member 140 adjacently and fixedly attached to the inner surface of the second end wall 137 for closing a part of the inflow port 138 of the second end wall 137.
  • the heating liquid flows in through the inflow ports 138 of the first end wall 136 and the second end wall 137, resulting in generating opposite directional flows in the trough 130.
  • the flows meet at a substantially intermediate location in the longitudinal direction of the trough 130.
  • the flows having met may be likely to cause a liquid surface rising of the heating liquid at the intermediate location, for example, when the liquid member 154 described with reference to FIG. 9 is adopted, it is possible to suppress the liquid surface rising.
  • the structure of the trough 130 illustrated in FIG. 11 may be applied only to the first trough 130A to differentiate supply amounts of the heating liquid between the first trough 130A and the second trough 130B by adding another first supplying pipe 123' to the second end wall 137 as well as providing the first supplying pipe 123' with a flow path cross-sectional area larger than that of the second supplying pipe 123.
  • the bottom wall 132 may have an inflow port 138' to prevent the heating liquid from colliding against the first end wall 136 or the second end wall 137 (see FIG. 12 ).
  • the heating liquid flows into the trough 130 through the inflow port 138' in the bottom wall 132, and thereafter advances in the longitudinal direction of the trough 130. Since the inflow port 138' does not face the peripheral wall 133 of the trough 130, a liquid surface rising attributed to a collision of the heating liquid against the peripheral wall 1 33 is suppressed.
  • the bottom wall 132 of the trough 130 has the single inflow port 138'.
  • the liquid surface may rise at a specific location above the inflow port 138' as shown in FIG. 12 .
  • the bottom wall 132 may have a plurality of inflow ports 138' to suppress the liquid surface rising at the specific location.
  • the first supplying pipe 123' and/or the second supplying pipe 123 connected to the trough 130 has a header tube 126 longitudinally extending from the manifold 122 under the trough 130.
  • the first supplying pipe 123' and/or the second supplying pipe 123 has a plurality of connection tubes 127 extending upward from the header tube 126 and respectively joining the corresponding inflow ports 138' in the bottom wall 132.
  • Each of the connection tubes 127 and the header tube 126 has a flow path cross-sectional area which varies depending on use of either the first supplying pipe 123' or the second supplying pipe 123.
  • connection tubes 127 may have flow path cross-sectional areas different from each other to achieve a flatter liquid surface of the heating liquid in the trough 130.
  • the connection tube 127 at the specific location may have a relatively small flow path cross-sectional area.
  • a resistance increases in the smaller flow path cross-sectional area 127, and hence, the inflow of the heating liquid from the connection tube 127 decreases. In this manner, the liquid surface rising of the heating liquid is reduced above the connection tube 127.
  • each of the inflow ports 138, 138' is formed to supply the heating liquid to the trough 130.
  • the trough 130 may exclude the inflow ports 138, 138'.
  • the first supplying pipe 123' (and/or the second supplying pipe 123) is arranged in a space above the trough 130 (see FIG. 14 ).
  • the trough 130 receives the supply of the heating liquid through the opening-upward region, the liquid surface rising attributed to the collision of the heating liquid against the peripheral wall 133 is suppressed.
  • the trough 130 including no inflow port 138, 138' has a simpler structure.
  • FIG. 14 illustrates a single manifold 122.
  • a plurality of manifolds 122 may be arranged above the trough 130 to increase the inflow of the heating liquid into the trough 130.
  • the closing member 140 is provided in the trough 130.
  • a closing member 140' for closing a part of the flow path of the second supplying pipe 123 may be provided in the second supplying pipe 123 as shown in FIG. 15 .
  • the closing member 140' is fixedly attached to an upstream end of the second supplying pipe 123.
  • the closing member 140' may be mounted at another portion, e.g., a downstream end or an intermediate portion, of the second supplying pipe 123.
  • Such arrangement of the closing member 140' in the second supplying pipe 123 makes it possible to further decrease the flow of the heating liquid in the second supplying pipe 123.
  • the inflow of the heating liquid into the second supplying pipe 123 is finely regulated by adjusting an area to be closed by the closing member 140' relative to the flow path cross-sectional area of the second supplying pipe 123.
  • two closing members 140" may be fixedly provided in the manifold 122.
  • the closing members 140" are configured to close a part of the flow path in the manifold 122.
  • Each of the closing members 140" is fixedly kept at a position (indicated by a dashed line in FIG. 1 ) between a connection portion of the manifold 122 with the first supplying pipe 123' and another connection portion of the manifold 122 with the second supplying pipe 123.
  • An inflow portion which allows the heating liquid to flow from a pump 121 into the manifold 122 is mounted to the manifold 122 within the range of the flow path between the closing members 140". In other words, the inflow portion is at a location closer to the connection portion for the first supplying pipe 123' than the connection portion for the second supplying pipe 123.
  • the heating liquid flows into the second supplying pipe 123 after passing through each of the closing members 140", while flowing into the first supplying pipe 123' without passing through the closing members 140".
  • the configuration including the closing members 140" in the manifold 122 makes it possible to finely regulate the flow difference between the first supplying pipe 123' and the second supplying pipe 123 due to the different flow path cross-sectional areas of the first supplying pipe 123' and the second supplying pipe 123.
  • the closing member 140 (as well as the closing members 140', 140") is made up of an orifice member.
  • the closing member 140 (as well as the closing members 140', 140") may be made up of a porous plate 142 as shown in Fig. 17 .
  • a plurality of baffle plates 151 are used as the rise suppressing portion.
  • a single baffle plate may be used as the rise suppressing portion.
  • the number of provided baffle plates serving as the rise suppressing portion may be determined on the basis of the flow of the seawater into the trough 130 and the dimension of the inflow port 138.
  • An arrangement interval between the plurality of baffle plates 151 and the height of the plurality of baffle plates 151 may be determined on the basis of these design conditions.
  • the vaporizing apparatus described in connection with the various embodiments mainly has the following features.
  • a vaporizing apparatus is configured to vaporize a liquefied gas by a way of heat exchange between the liquefied gas and heating liquid having a higher temperature than the liquefied gas.
  • the vaporizing apparatus includes: a plurality of heat transfer panels each including a plurality of heat transfer tubes standing and horizontally lining up for guiding the liquefied gas; a first trough for supplying the heating liquid to an outer surface of each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of one of the plurality of heat transfer panels; a second trough for supplying the heating liquid to an outer surface of each of the plurality of heat transfer tubes of another of the plurality of heat transfer panels; a manifold allowing the heating liquid to flow in; a first supplying pipe connecting the manifold with the first trough for supplying the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough; and a second supplying pipe connecting the manifold with the second trough for supplying the heating liquid from the manifold to the second trough
  • the first and second troughs receive the heating liquid through the first and second supplying pipes connected with the manifold.
  • the supply amounts of the heating liquid to the troughs differ from each other depending on the flow path cross-sectional area of the corresponding supplying pipe.
  • the second trough may receive a relatively small supply amount of the heating liquid without a complicated structure of the vaporizing apparatus.
  • the second trough may lie in an outermost position of a row of the plurality of heat transfer panels, and the first trough may lie between the heat transfer panels adjacent to each other.
  • the second trough is adjacent to one of the heat transfer panels, and the first trough is adjacent to two of the heat transfer panels.
  • the second trough allows the heating liquid to flow downward to the one heat transfer panel.
  • the first trough allows the heating liquid to flow downward to the two heat transfer panels. Since the supplying pipe connected with the second trough has the smaller flow path cross-sectional area than the supplying pipe for the first trough, the supply amount of the heating liquid to the second trough is relatively small.
  • the supply amounts of the heating liquid to the troughs thus differ from each other depending on the flow path cross-sectional area of the corresponding supplying pipe. In this way, a suitable flow is obtainable for the number of heat transfer panels to which the heating liquid is supplied.
  • This configuration eliminates the necessity of attaching any valve for regulating the supply amount of the heating liquid to the supplying pipe for the second trough.
  • the first trough may include a bottom wall extending in a lining-up direction of the plurality of heat transfer tubes, a first end wall extending upward from one end of the bottom wall, the one end being closer to the manifold in the lining-up direction, and a second end wall extending upward from the other end of the bottom wall, and away from the first end wall in the lining-up direction.
  • the first end wall may have an inflow port for allowing the heating liquid to flow in.
  • the manifold for supplying the heating liquid into the first trough is arranged on the first end wall side of the trough, and the first end wall has the inflow port. Therefore, the flow path of the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough is shortened. In other words, it is not required that the flow path of the heating liquid from the manifold to the first trough reaches an inflow port formed in a bottom wall beyond the first end wall, unlike a structure in which heating liquid flows from a manifold into a first trough through an inflow port formed in the bottom wall.
  • the second end wall may have an inflow port for allowing the heating liquid to flow in.
  • the heating liquid collides against the second end wall and may cause the liquid surface of the heating liquid to rise at a location closer to the second end wall.
  • the outflow of the heating liquid from the location closer to the second end wall to the heat transfer panel is larger than the outflow of the heating liquid from a location closer to the first end wall to the heat transfer panel.
  • the first trough may include a bottom wall having an inflow port for allowing the heating liquid to flow in.
  • the bottom wall having the inflow port allows the heating liquid to flow in each of the first trough and the second trough without any collision against the inner surface of the first trough.
  • the first supplying pipe may be arranged above the first trough.
  • the first supplying pipe arranged above the first trough allows the heating liquid to flow into the first trough through an opening-upward region of the first trough.
  • the first trough having no inflow port can have a simpler structure.
  • the vaporizing apparatus may further include a closing member provided in the first trough for closing a part of the inflow port.
  • the closing member may be removable from the first trough.
  • the closing member can regulate an inflow of the heating liquid into the trough by closing a part of the inflow port by applying the resistance to the heating liquid at the inflow port of the trough. Moreover, the closing member is removable from the trough. Accordingly, this configuration makes it is possible to lower the resistance in the heating liquid passing through the inflow port by removing the closing member.
  • the first trough may include a side wall standing and facing one of the plurality of heat transfer panels.
  • the side wall may have an inner surface formed with a groove into which the closing member is inserted.
  • the closing member is mounted to the first trough by fitting in the groove formed in the inner surface of the side wall.
  • the vaporizing apparatus may include a closing member for closing a part of a flow path in the manifold between a connection portion connecting the second supplying pipe and the manifold with each other and a connection portion connecting the first supplying pipe and the manifold with each other; and an inflow portion which allows the heating liquid to flow into the manifold.
  • the inflow portion which allows the heating liquid to flow into the manifold may be at a position closer to the connection portion for the first supplying pipe than the connection portion for the second supplying pipe in such a way as to allow the heating liquid to flow into the second supplying pipe through the closing member.
  • the inflow portion which allows the heating liquid to flow into the manifold is at the position closer to the connection portion for the first supplying pipe than the connection portion for the second supplying pipe.
  • the heating liquid flows into the second supplying pipe through the closing member in the manifold.
  • the heating liquid has a smaller inflow to the second supplying pipe than to the first supplying pipe.
  • the vaporizing apparatus may further include a closing member for closing a part of a flow path in the second supplying pipe.
  • the closing member which closes a part of the flow path in the second supplying pipe reduces the inflow of the heating liquid to the second supplying pipe.
  • the vaporizing apparatus may further include a rise suppressing portion configured to suppress a liquid surface rising of the heating liquid due to a collision of the heating liquid having flowed in the first trough against the second end wall.
  • the heating liquid having flowed into the trough through the inflow port formed in the first end wall flows to and collides against the second wall.
  • a part of the heating liquid having collided against the second end wall flows upward at a location closer to the second end wall.
  • the upward flow is likely to cause the liquid surface of the heating liquid to rise.
  • the flow of the heating liquid overflowing from the trough at the location where the rising generates is larger than that of the heating liquid overflowing from the trough at other locations.
  • rates of the heat exchange between the heating liquid and the liquefied gas largely vary among the plurality of heat transfer tubes.
  • the rise suppressing portion for suppressing the liquid surface rising keeps the heating liquid away from being excessively supplied to the outer surfaces of the heat transfer tubes closer to the second end wall. This configuration thus suppresses varying heat exchange rates among the plurality of heat transfer tubes.
  • the rise suppressing portion may include a lid member extending in the first trough and from the second end wall in the lining up direction at a position higher than the inflow port.
  • the lid member may have a through hole passing through the lid member in a vertical direction.
  • a part of the heating liquid flowing upward can flow into the space above the lid member through the through hole of the lid member.
  • the heating liquid receives a resistance when passing through the through hole. Accordingly, the heating liquid having flowed into the space above the lid member has a decreased pressure. Consequently, the liquid surface rising is suppressed at a location closer to the second end wall.
  • the rise suppressing portion may include an obstructor provided between the first end wall and the second end wall so that the heating liquid having flowed in the first trough through the inflow port collides against the obstructor before the collision against the second end wall to thereby reduce a collisional force of the heating liquid against the second end wall.
  • the heating liquid having flowed in through the inflow port collides against the obstructor before a collision against the second end wall. Therefore, the velocity components of the heating liquid in the direction from the first end wall toward the second end wall decrease before the collision against the second end wall. The flow rate of the heating liquid is reduced by the obstructor before the collision against the second end wall. Consequently, when the heating liquid collides against the second end wall, a decreased collisional force generates, which makes it unlikely to cause a heating liquid flow having greater upward velocity components. In other words, the liquid surface rising is suppressed at a location closer to the second end wall.
  • the obstructor may have a through hole for permitting the heating liquid flowing toward the second end wall to pass through the through hole.
  • the obstructor having the through hole allows a part of the heating liquid having flowed in through the inflow port formed in the first end wall to pass through the through hole of the obstructor and flow toward the second end wall.
  • the heating liquid flowing toward the second end wall has a decreased pressure.
  • the liquid surface rising is suppressed at a location closer to the second end wall.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP19918713.9A 2019-03-11 2019-09-26 Verdampfungsvorrichtung Active EP3922937B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2019043442 2019-03-11
JP2019163411A JP7242481B2 (ja) 2019-03-11 2019-09-06 気化装置
PCT/JP2019/037863 WO2020183765A1 (ja) 2019-03-11 2019-09-26 気化装置

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3922937A1 true EP3922937A1 (de) 2021-12-15
EP3922937A4 EP3922937A4 (de) 2022-05-11
EP3922937B1 EP3922937B1 (de) 2023-11-01

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EP (1) EP3922937B1 (de)
ES (1) ES2964460T3 (de)
WO (1) WO2020183765A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5838677B2 (ja) * 1980-09-20 1983-08-24 住友精密工業株式会社 オ−プンラツク式気化器の散水装置
JPS57124700A (en) * 1981-01-26 1982-08-03 Fuji Electric Co Ltd Protecting device for water cooling type cooler
JP2977064B2 (ja) * 1992-12-22 1999-11-10 東京瓦斯株式会社 気化器パネルの監視方法
JP5789386B2 (ja) * 2011-03-10 2015-10-07 株式会社神戸製鋼所 低温液化ガスの気化装置
JP6118534B2 (ja) * 2012-10-30 2017-04-19 住友精密工業株式会社 オープンラック式気化装置
JP2014202320A (ja) * 2013-04-08 2014-10-27 株式会社神戸製鋼所 低温液化ガスの気化装置
JP6280775B2 (ja) * 2014-03-19 2018-02-14 住友精密工業株式会社 オープンラック型気化装置の散水機構
JP6420220B2 (ja) 2015-08-19 2018-11-07 株式会社神戸製鋼所 ガス気化装置及びその運転方法
JP6769715B2 (ja) * 2016-02-26 2020-10-14 株式会社神戸製鋼所 散水装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2020183765A1 (ja) 2020-09-17
EP3922937A4 (de) 2022-05-11
ES2964460T3 (es) 2024-04-08
EP3922937B1 (de) 2023-11-01

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