EP3917906A1 - Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir desters d'alcool de sucre - Google Patents
Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir desters d'alcool de sucreInfo
- Publication number
- EP3917906A1 EP3917906A1 EP20707713.2A EP20707713A EP3917906A1 EP 3917906 A1 EP3917906 A1 EP 3917906A1 EP 20707713 A EP20707713 A EP 20707713A EP 3917906 A1 EP3917906 A1 EP 3917906A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fatty acid
- linear
- acid
- esters
- ester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 34
- -1 sugar alcohol esters Chemical class 0.000 title description 21
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 title description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 239000004386 Erythritol Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Erythritol Natural products OCC(O)C(O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000019414 erythritol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940009714 erythritol Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N erythritol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO UNXHWFMMPAWVPI-ZXZARUISSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 28
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 239000003599 detergent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 3
- KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine Chemical compound C=1C=C2C=CC=CC2=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 KEQFTVQCIQJIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000144725 Amygdalus communis Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011437 Amygdalus communis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000125300 Argania sideroxylon Species 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000009226 Corylus americana Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000001543 Corylus americana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000007466 Corylus avellana Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000009854 Cucurbita moschata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000001980 Cucurbita pepo Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000009852 Cucurbita pepo Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N D-ribofuranose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H]1O HMFHBZSHGGEWLO-SOOFDHNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000005715 Fructose Substances 0.000 description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000007049 Juglans regia Species 0.000 description 2
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- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 240000007817 Olea europaea Species 0.000 description 2
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- XKGDWZQXVZSXAO-ADYSOMBNSA-N Ricinoleic Acid methyl ester Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC XKGDWZQXVZSXAO-ADYSOMBNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKGDWZQXVZSXAO-SFHVURJKSA-N Ricinolsaeure-methylester Natural products CCCCCC[C@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC XKGDWZQXVZSXAO-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000003158 alcohol group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/02—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen
- C07C69/22—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C69/00—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic or haloformic acids
- C07C69/02—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen
- C07C69/22—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety
- C07C69/33—Esters of acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids having the carboxyl group bound to an acyclic carbon atom or to hydrogen having three or more carbon atoms in the acid moiety esterified with hydroxy compounds having more than three hydroxy groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/08—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters by reacting carboxylic acids or symmetrical anhydrides with the hydroxy or O-metal group of organic compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C67/00—Preparation of carboxylic acid esters
- C07C67/48—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C67/52—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation
- C07C67/54—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives by change in the physical state, e.g. crystallisation by distillation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/40—Esters containing free hydroxy or carboxyl groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M105/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound
- C10M105/08—Lubricating compositions characterised by the base-material being a non-macromolecular organic compound containing oxygen
- C10M105/32—Esters
- C10M105/38—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2207/28—Esters
- C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
- C10M2207/2835—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds used as base material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2020/00—Specified physical or chemical properties or characteristics, i.e. function, of component of lubricating compositions
- C10N2020/01—Physico-chemical properties
- C10N2020/02—Viscosity; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/02—Pour-point; Viscosity index
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
- C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
- C10N2030/10—Inhibition of oxidation, e.g. anti-oxidants
Definitions
- the present invention relates to esters formed from sugar alcohol, in particular sugar polyol, and their use as a lubricating base as well as their manufacturing process.
- lubricating base market is dominated by mineral oils of petroleum origin.
- European production of lubricants amounted to 4.5 million tonnes per year.
- These lubricating bases are used in various industries such as motor oil, cutting oil for chainsaw chains, oil for offshore petroleum drilling, hydraulic oil for construction machinery and agricultural machinery, etc.
- Vegetable and animal oils known for several years for their use as a lubricant, could meet this concern for environmental protection because they have the advantage of being ecological.
- these oils have low thermal stability as well as low resistance to oxidation compared to mineral oils and their ⁇ which can hydrolyze in the presence of water.
- Polyol esters formed from fatty acids attached to an alcohol, exhibit good oxidation stability, good hydrolytic stability, relatively high biodegradability and good low temperature performance.
- Biodegradable lubricating compositions of polyol esters derived from palm oil comprising polyols such as neopentylglycol or trimethylolpropane and Products derived from palm oil are described in patent application EPI 533360. However, such compositions are only suitable for temperatures ranging from 15 to 40 ° C.
- esters of sugar alcohol in particular of sugar polyol e ⁇ of linear C6-Cn fatty acid, exhibit excellent properties for application in lubricants. .
- esters of sugar alcohol in particular of sugar polyol, in particular of erythritol, e ⁇ of linear C6-Cn fatty acids have excellent properties for application in lubricants.
- the present invention relates to esters of at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, e ⁇ of at least one linear C6-Cn fatty acid in which the sugar alcohol, in particular the polyol of sugar, is erythritol.
- the present invention also relates to the use of an ester of at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, e ⁇ of at least one linear C6-Cn fatty acid as defined above as a base. lubricating.
- the present invention also relates to a lubricating base composition
- a lubricating base composition comprising an ester of at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, e ⁇ of at least one linear C6-Cn fatty acid as defined above.
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparing an ester comprising the esterification reaction of at least one linear C 6 -Cn fatty acid with at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, preferably the process comprises a step of removing excess acids, e ⁇ in the absence of at least one of the following steps:
- the present invention also relates to esters of at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, and of at least linear C6-Cn fatty acid obtained by the process defined above.
- the lubricating base compositions according to the invention synthesized from esters of at least one polyol and of a fatty acid of renewable origin, such as for example erythritol and n-heptanoic acid (eg Oleris® Arkema C7) without adding a catalyst and without downstream treatment by adding an additive make it possible to achieve firm properties of thermal stability superior to the usual esters since the alcohol is not biobased, such as for example trimethylolpropane, as this is detailed in the examples below.
- esters of at least one polyol and of a fatty acid of renewable origin such as for example erythritol and n-heptanoic acid (eg Oleris® Arkema C7)
- the present invention provides a lubricating base composition of renewable origin, which exhibits good oxidation stability, good thermal stability and very good lubricating properties.
- composition exhibiting good flow at low temperature is particularly suitable for use at low temperatures, namely, typically equal to or less than 0 ° C.
- biodegradable is used here to denote a compound formed from molecules which can be transformed into smaller molecules which pollute less, for example by microorganisms living in the natural environment, such as bacteria, fungi and algae.
- the end result of this degradation is usually water, carbon dioxide or methane.
- These are in particular raw materials of animal or plant origin.
- raw materials of renewable origin or bio-resourced raw materials is meant materials which include bio-resourced carbon or carbon of renewable origin.
- materials made from renewable raw materials contain carbon 14 ( . 4 C).
- the "carbon content of renewable origin” or “Bio-resourced carbon content” is determined in application of standards ASTM D 6866 (ASTM D 6866-06) and ASTM D 7026 (ASTM D 7026-04).
- the viscosity of a fluid refers to the resistance it opposes to the internal sliding of its molecules during its flow.
- the viscosity is given for a reference temperature.
- h is the dynamic viscosity in Pa.s.
- p is the density of the fluid in kg / m 3
- Oxidative stability can be determined by two measurements: the oxygen induction time and the oxygen induction temperature.
- the oxygen induction time and the oxygen induction temperature can be measured in a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) according to ISO 1 1357-6: 2018.
- DSC Differential Scanning Calorimeter
- the pour point of a product is the minimum temperature at which the product will still flow.
- the pour point is measured according to ISO 3016.
- the viscosity index (VI) indicates the rate of change in the viscosity of an oil over a given temperature range, usually between 40 ° C and 100 ° C.
- the viscosity index can be defined as the kinematic viscosity gradient of a material, between 40 and 100 ° C. When the viscosity index is low (less than 100) the fluid shows a relatively large variation in viscosity with temperature. When the viscosity index is high (greater than 150), the fluid exhibits relatively little change in viscosity with temperature. In a variety of applications, a high or very high viscosity index is preferable.
- the viscosity index is measured according to the test method described in ASTM D 2270.
- Alcohol is understood to mean a molecule having at least one hydroxyl group (-OH).
- polyol is understood to mean a molecule having at least two hydroxyl groups (—OH).
- the polyol according to the invention is an organic compound containing several hydroxyl groups.
- the polyols do not refer to compounds which contain functional groups other than hydroxyls.
- the polyol according to the invention is a compound corresponding to the general chemical formula C n H2n + 20n and having at least two hydroxyl groups.
- the esters according to the present invention are formed from at least one sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, and at least one C6-Cn fatty acid.
- esters according to the present invention can be mono-, di-, tri-, and tetraesters.
- the sugar alcohol, in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is preferably obtained from renewable resources.
- the sugar alcohol, in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is preferably biodegradable.
- the sugar alcohol in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is selected from the group consisting of monosaccharides, disaccharides, trisaccharides, and mixtures thereof.
- the monosaccharide according to the invention is selected from the group consisting of erythritol, xylose, arabinose, ribose, sorbitol, sorbitan, glucose, sorbose, fructose, xylitol, and their mixtures. , more preferably from the group consisting of xylose, arabinose, ribose, glucose, sorbose, fructose, and mixtures thereof.
- the disaccharide according to the invention is selected from the group consisting of maltose, lactose, sucrose, and mixtures thereof.
- the trisaccharide according to the invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of raffinose, maltotriose, hydrogenated starch hydrolysates, and mixtures thereof.
- the sugar alcohol, in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is erythritol.
- the sugar polyol according to the invention is obtained by hydrogenation of a sugar.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is preferably obtained from renewable resources.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is preferably of plant or animal origin, saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is preferably obtained by crushing seeds, stones or fruits of plants, in particular oleaginous plants, such as linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, olive, palm, castor, wood, corn, squash, grape seeds, jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, of safflower, peanut, copra, de ⁇ all e ⁇ of argan or from animal fats such as tallow fat.
- oleaginous plants such as linseed, rapeseed, sunflower, soybean, olive, palm, castor, wood, corn, squash, grape seeds, jojoba, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, cotton, alfalfa, rye, of safflower, peanut, copra, de ⁇ all e ⁇ of argan or from animal fats such as tallow fat.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is preferably selected from the group consisting of fatty acids of castor oil, coconut oil, cottonseed oil, dehydrated castor oil, soybean oil, tall oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, linseed oil, palm oil, tung oil, oiticica oil, safflower oil, oil olive, wood, corn, squash, grape seed oil, jojoba oil, sesame, walnut, hazelnut, almond, shea, macadamia, alfalfa, rye, peanut, copra, e ⁇ argan.
- the fatty acid according to the invention comprises from 6 to 11 carbon atoms.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is selected from the group consisting of caproic acid, heptanoic acid, caprylic acid, pelargonic acid, capric acid, furan dicarboxylic acid, l tetrahydrofuran 2,5 dicarboxylic acid, tetrahydrofuran 3,5 dicarboxylic acid, azelaic acid, decanedioic acid, 10-undecylenic acid, undecandioic acid, e ⁇ dodecanedioic acid.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is a linear fatty acid.
- linear fatty acids make it possible to increase the viscosity index of the lubricating bases synthesized, to improve their thermal stability and are more easily biodegradable than branched acids, mainly obtained from the petroleum industry.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is derived from castor oil.
- the fatty acid obtained from castor oil is understood to mean the fatty acid present in the oil and / or the fatty acids which can be obtained by chemical transformation.
- heptanoic acid and / or 10-undecylenic acid can be obtained from castor oil, typically, by the thermal cracking step of methyl ricinoleate which results from the transesterification of the methyl ricinoleate.
- Castor oil The fatty acid according to the invention is preferably n-heptanoic acid.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is n-heptanoic acid Oleris® (Arkema).
- n-heptanoic acid is derived from castor oil.
- the ester according to the invention is formed from a sugar alcohol, in particular a sugar polyol, according to the invention, of which at least 3 alcohol groups, preferably 4 alcohol groups, are esterified by fatty acids according to the invention.
- the mass ratio of the fatty acid according to the invention to the sugar alcohol, in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is in the range from 4: 1 to 10: 1. More preferably, the mass ratio of the fatty acid according to the invention to the sugar alcohol, in particular the sugar polyol, according to the invention is about 5: 1.
- a fraction of at least 50% by mass, preferably 75% by mass of the ester is derived from renewable resources relative to the total mass of the ester.
- the ester according to the invention has an oxygen induction time measured in a differential scanning calorimeter at 150 ° C of greater than 2 hours.
- the ester according to the invention has an oxygen induction temperature measured in a differential scanning calorimeter of greater than 200 ° C.
- the ester according to the invention preferably comprises a pour point of less than -30 ° C, preferably of between -50 ° C and -30 ° C, more preferably of about -42 ° C.
- the ester according to the invention preferably comprises a kinematic viscosity of between 14 and 30 mm 2 / s at 40 ° C, and / or less than 4.5 mm 2 / s at 100 ° C, which are measured according to the ISO 3104 standard. .
- the process for preparing the esters according to the invention from sugar alcohol, in particular sugar polyol, and fatty acid according to the invention can be carried out according to the usual esterification techniques well known to man. of career.
- the esterification process according to the invention comprises a step of esterifying at least one sugar alcohol according to the invention, in particular a sugar polyol, in the presence of at least one linear C6 fatty acid. -Cn according to the invention in excess, with or without catalyst.
- the esterification step according to the invention is preferably carried out at a temperature between 140 ° C and 250 ° C for a period of 0.5 to 12 hours, preferably 1 to 10 hours, more preferably from 2 to 9 hours.
- the esterification step according to the invention is preferably carried out under an inert atmosphere.
- the process for preparing the esters according to the invention is carried out under controlled vacuum so as to remove the excess acid.
- the esterification process according to the invention can comprise a step of adding an absorbent such as alumina, silica gel, zeolites, activated carbon, and clay.
- the process according to the invention can further comprise a step of adding water and base to simultaneously neutralize the residual organic and mineral acids and / or hydrolyze the catalyst.
- the method according to the invention may include a step of removing the water used by heating and placing under vacuum.
- the method according to the invention may also include a step of filtering the solids from the ester mixture containing the major part of the excess acid mixture used in the esterification reaction.
- the method according to the invention may include a step of removing excess acids by steam extraction or by any other method of distillation and recycling of the acid into the reaction vessel.
- the method of the invention comprises a step of removing excess acids, preferably carried out by vacuum distillation.
- the compound obtained by the process according to the invention is purified by distillation at reduced pressure of the unreacted acid.
- the distillation is preferably carried out under vacuum for 15 minutes to 2 hours.
- the distillation is further preferably carried out at a temperature between 140 ° C and 180 ° C.
- the amount of free acid remaining after the distillation step can be reduced by treatment with epoxy esters, by neutralization with any suitable alkali material such as lime, alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates or basic alumina.
- a second distillation under reduced pressure can be carried out to remove excess epoxy ester.
- water washing may be performed to remove excess unreacted alkaline material.
- the method according to the invention may include a step of removing any residual solid material from the ester extracted during a final filtration.
- the fatty acid according to the invention is present in the reaction to form the ester according to the invention in an excess of approximately 10 to 50% by moles, preferably 10 to 30% by moles, relative to the amount of sugar alcohol, in particular sugar polyol, used.
- the process according to the invention can be carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
- the catalyst can be any catalyst well known to those skilled in the art for esterification reactions.
- the catalyst is selected from the group consisting of tin chloride, sulfuric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, methane sulfonic acid, sulfosuccinic acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid.
- catalysts based on zinc, copper, tin, titanium, zirconium or tungsten catalysts based on zinc, copper, tin, titanium, zirconium or tungsten; alkali metal salts such as sodium or potassium hydroxide, sodium or potassium carbonate, sodium or potassium ethoxide, sodium or potassium methoxide, zeolites and acidic ion exchangers , or mixtures thereof.
- no downstream treatment step by adding an additive is carried out during the process for preparing the ester according to the invention.
- downstream treatment by addition of an additive is understood to mean one or more of the steps typically carried out at the end of the esterification step, as (s) as described above, at namely, the step of adding an absorbent, the step of adding water and base, the step of filtering solids from the ester mixture and / or the step of removing acids by excess.
- the process for preparing the ester is carried out without a catalyst.
- the process for preparing the ester is carried out without adding organic solvent.
- the process for preparing the ester is carried out in the absence of at least one, preferably at least two, more preferably all of the following steps:
- the reaction is carried out for a sufficient time to obtain a false fetraesters of greater than or equal to 80% by mass relative to the total amount of ester. More preferably the reaction is carried out for a time sufficient to obtain a false fetraesters greater than or equal to 93% by mass relative to the total amount of ester.
- esters according to the invention are preferably used as such as lubricating base or lubricating base oil.
- esters according to the invention can also be used as a mixture with other base oils, such as mineral oils, highly refined mineral oils, polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycols (PAG), phosphate esters, silicone oils, diesfers, polyisobufylenes and polyol esters.
- base oils such as mineral oils, highly refined mineral oils, polyalphaolefins (PAO), polyalkylene glycols (PAG), phosphate esters, silicone oils, diesfers, polyisobufylenes and polyol esters.
- esters according to the invention are useful for the preparation of a lubricating base composition.
- the lubricating base composition according to the invention can be used in all types of industries, in particular as automotive lubricants, as metalworking oils, as hydraulic oils, as turbine oils, or even as oils for airplanes.
- the composition according to the invention may contain a level of tetraesters greater than or equal to 80% by weight relative to the total amount of ester. More preferably, the composition may contain a level of tetraesters greater than or equal to 93% by weight relative to the total amount of ester.
- composition according to the invention may contain, in addition to the esters according to the invention, one or more additives.
- the additives are selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, thermal stability improvers, corrosion inhibitors, metal deactivators, lubricant additives, viscosity index improvers, pour point depressants, detergents, dispersing agents, defoamers, antiwear agents, and additives resistant to extreme pressures.
- the amount of additives in the composition according to the invention does not exceed 10% by weight, preferably 8% by weight, more preferably 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of antioxidants used is between 0.01% and 5% relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of corrosion inhibitors is between 0.01% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of metal deactivators is between 0.001% and 0.5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of lubricating additives is between 0.5% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of agents improving the viscosity index is between 0.01% and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of pour point depressants is between 0.01% and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of detergents is between 0.1% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of dispersing agents is between 0.1% and 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of antifoaming agents is between 0.01% and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of anti-wear agents is between 0.01% and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- the amount of additives resistant to extreme pressures is between 0.1% and 2% by weight relative to the total weight of the lubricating base composition.
- Antioxidants and thermal stability improvers can be selected from any of the antioxidants and thermal stability improvers well known to those skilled in the art.
- the antioxidant and the thermal stability improving agent can be selected from the group consisting of:
- phenothazines such as N-alkylphenothiazines
- hindered phenols such as 6- (t-butyl) phenol, 2, ô-di- (t-butyl) phenol, 4-methyl-2, 6- di- (t-butyl) phenol, 4,4'- methylenebis (-2,6-di- (t-butyl) phenol).
- the metal deactivators can be chosen from any metal deactivators well known to those skilled in the art.
- the metal deactivators can be selected from the group consisting of imidazole, benzamidazole, 2-mercaptobenzthiazole, 2,5-di-mercaptothiadiazole, salicylidin-propylenediamine, pyrazole, benzotriazole, tolutriazole, 2-methylbenzamidazole, 3,5-dimethyl pyrazole, and methylene bis-benzotriazole.
- metal deactivators or corrosion inhibitors include:
- heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen such as thiadiazoles, substituted imidazolines and oxazolines;
- the lubricant additives can be selected from any lubricant additives well known to those in the know.
- lubricant additives we can mention the long chain derivatives of fatty acids and natural oils, such as esters, amines, amides, imidazolines and borates.
- the viscosity index improvers can be selected from any viscosity index improver well known to those skilled in the art.
- viscosity index improvers mention may be made of polymethacrylates, vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylate copolymers, polybutenes and styrene-acrylate copolymers.
- Pour point depressants can be selected from any pour point depressants well known to those skilled in the art.
- pour point depressants include polymethacrylates such as ethylene methacrylate-vinyl acetate terpolymers; alkylated naphthalene derivatives; and Friedel-Crafts condensation products catalyzed by urea with naphthalene or phenols.
- the detergent and dispersing agents can be chosen from any detergent and dispersing agents well known to those skilled in the art.
- detergents and dispersants mention may be made of polybutenylsuccinic acid amides; polybutenylphosphonic acid derivatives; long chain alkyl substituted aromatic sulfonic acids and their salts; and metal salts of alkylsulfides, alkylphenols and condensation products of alkylphenols and aldehydes.
- Anti-foaming agents can be selected from any anti-foaming agents well known to those skilled in the art. By way of example of anti-foaming agents, mention may be made of silicone polymers and certain acrylates.
- antiwear agents and additives resistant to extreme pressures can be selected from any antiwear agents and additives resistant to extreme pressures.
- anti-wear agents and additives resistant to extreme pressures we can cite:
- organophosphorus derivatives including amine phosphates, alkyl acid phosphates, dialkyl phosphates, aminedithiophosphates, frialkyl and triaryl phosphorothionates, frialkyl and triaryl phosphines, and dialkyl phosphines such as phosphoric acid monohexyl ester amine salts, dinonylnaphfalenesulfonate amine salts, triphenyl phosphate, frinaphfyl phosphate, diphenylcresyl and phenylphenyl phosphates, naphfyldiphenyl phosphate, friphenylphosphorothionate;
- dithiocarbamates such as antimony dialkyldithiocarbamate; chlorinated and / or fluorinated hydrocarbons and xanfhates.
- the inventors studied the properties of an ester according to the present invention for application in lubricants.
- esters of erythritol and n-heptanoic acid (ester according to the invention).
- Trimethylolpropane (53.8g, 0.4 mol) and n-heptanoic acid (1 81.5g, 1.38mol) are loaded into a 500ml three-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer, a condenser and an inlet for nitrogen.
- the reaction mixture was heated at 185 ° C under a nitrogen atmosphere for a period of 3 h, until the theoretical amount of water is collected.
- Zirconium tetrabutanolate (1.5 g, 80% in butanol, 0.5% by weight / total weight of the reactants) is then added in batch to the reactor.
- the assembly is gradually placed under maximum vacuum at 150 ° C. for 3 hours 30 minutes to distill off the excess acid which has not reacted and leads to 187.4 g of product.
- a downstream treatment with activated basic alumina is carried out on the reaction crude and results in an oil with an acid number of
- Oxidative stability is determined by two measurements: the oxygen induction time and the oxygen induction temperature.
- the oxygen induction time and the oxygen induction temperature are measured in a Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC).
- DSC Differential Scanning Calorimeter
- the sample is heated to 150 ° C and then kept at constant temperature. It is then exposed to an oxidizing atmosphere. The time between contact with oxygen and the onset of oxidation is the oxygen induction time.
- the sample is heated with a constant heating rate under an oxidizing atmosphere until the reaction begins.
- the oxygen induction temperature is the temperature at which the oxidation reaction begins.
- the measurements show that the oxygen induction times at 150 ° C of the two samples are similar.
- the ester according to the invention has a higher oxygen induction temperature than that of the Comparative Example. Therefore, the ester according to the invention exhibits better properties of resistance to oxidation than a usual ester synthesized from a non-biobased alcohol.
- the kinematic viscosity was measured at 40 ° C. e ⁇ at 100 ° C. according to the ISO 3104 standard. The results, expressed in mm 2 / s, are presented in Table 2 below.
- the viscosity index (unitless) is measured according to the test method described in ASTM D 2270. The results are presented in Table 2 below.
- the lubricating base of the invention exhibits a higher pour point, correlated with the higher melting point of erythritol (120 ° C) than that of trimefhylolpropane (60 ° C) of the comparative example but this value. remains relatively low and interesting for an application in lubricants.
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- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR1900787A FR3092113B1 (fr) | 2019-01-29 | 2019-01-29 | Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir desters d’alcool de sucre |
PCT/FR2020/050139 WO2020157434A1 (fr) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-29 | Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir desters d'alcool de sucre |
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EP3917906A1 true EP3917906A1 (fr) | 2021-12-08 |
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EP20707713.2A Pending EP3917906A1 (fr) | 2019-01-29 | 2020-01-29 | Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir desters d'alcool de sucre |
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US (1) | US20220177408A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3917906A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2022519217A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20210121100A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN113365972A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3092113B1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG11202108271YA (fr) |
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US2760632A (en) * | 1951-01-02 | 1956-08-28 | Phillips Petroleum Co | Plasticization of sulfur vulcanizable materials, and related compositions |
JPS6156102A (ja) * | 1984-08-27 | 1986-03-20 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind Ltd | 種子の発芽防止剤 |
FR2763597B1 (fr) * | 1997-05-20 | 1999-12-17 | Igol Ind | Composition d'huile lubrifiante formee par un polyester de sucre biodegradable et non-toxique |
DE10138687A1 (de) * | 2001-08-07 | 2003-02-27 | Suedzucker Ag | Kohlenhydrat-Ester für Schmierstoffanwendungen |
MY141241A (en) | 2003-11-20 | 2010-03-31 | Malaysia Palm Oil Board | Lubricant base from palm oil and its by-products |
EP1950218A1 (fr) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-30 | Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique | Antigènes sulfoglycolipidiques, leur procédé de préparation et leur utilisation contre la tuberculose |
CN102524909B (zh) * | 2010-12-31 | 2015-04-15 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 含有赤藓糖醇脂肪酸酯的抑菌组合物及其制备和应用 |
CN103421605B (zh) * | 2012-05-25 | 2017-03-15 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | 用赤藓糖醇脂肪酸酯分提油脂的方法及其应用 |
FR3092112B1 (fr) * | 2019-01-29 | 2023-01-06 | Arkema France | Huile de base lubrifiante synthetisee a partir d’esters de polyols et d’acides gras biosources |
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- 2019-01-29 FR FR1900787A patent/FR3092113B1/fr active Active
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2020
- 2020-01-29 JP JP2021544243A patent/JP2022519217A/ja active Pending
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- 2020-01-29 EP EP20707713.2A patent/EP3917906A1/fr active Pending
- 2020-01-29 US US17/425,833 patent/US20220177408A1/en active Pending
- 2020-01-29 KR KR1020217026315A patent/KR20210121100A/ko unknown
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CN113365972A (zh) | 2021-09-07 |
JP2022519217A (ja) | 2022-03-22 |
SG11202108271YA (en) | 2021-08-30 |
US20220177408A1 (en) | 2022-06-09 |
KR20210121100A (ko) | 2021-10-07 |
WO2020157434A1 (fr) | 2020-08-06 |
FR3092113A1 (fr) | 2020-07-31 |
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