EP3908682B1 - Alliage cu-zn sans plomb - Google Patents

Alliage cu-zn sans plomb Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3908682B1
EP3908682B1 EP21716326.0A EP21716326A EP3908682B1 EP 3908682 B1 EP3908682 B1 EP 3908682B1 EP 21716326 A EP21716326 A EP 21716326A EP 3908682 B1 EP3908682 B1 EP 3908682B1
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Prior art keywords
alloy
content
free
product
proportion
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German (de)
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EP3908682A1 (fr
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Björn Reetz
Tileman MÜNCH
Thomas Plett
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Otto Fuchs KG
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Otto Fuchs KG
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
    • C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a Pb-free Cu-Zn alloy, particularly for making alloy products used under lubricated conditions. An alloy product made from such an alloy is also described.
  • This alloy is also used to manufacture components used in hydraulics, such as distributor plates.
  • This previously known alloy has the following composition (data in % by weight): Cu: 57.0-59.0%, Mn: 1.5-3.0%, Al: 1.3-2.3%, Si : 0.3 - 1.3%, remainder zinc plus unavoidable impurities.
  • Admissible admixtures are tolerated (in percent by weight): Ni: max. 1.0%, Fe: max. 1.0%, Sn: max. 0.4%, Pb: 0.2 - 0.8 %.
  • this previously known alloy contains Pb. This element is responsible for machinability and, due to its incorporation in tribological layers the running-in behavior as well as friction and wear in sliding applications.
  • the special brass alloy CW713R is characterized by versatile application properties, such as high wear and cavitation resistance, compatibility with lubricants and sufficient mechanical properties, especially with regard to the strength and toughness of the alloy product. These also include good machinability.
  • the element Pb is introduced into brass alloys to achieve the desired machinability.
  • DE 10 2005 017 574 A1 describes a wear-resistant brass alloy for synchronizer rings with an optional lead content.
  • the composition (in percent by weight) is 57.5 - 59% copper, 2 - 3.5% manganese, 1 - 3% aluminum, 0.9 - 1.5% silicon, 0.15 - 0.4 % iron, 0 - 1% lead, 0 - 1% nickel, 0 - 0.5% tin and balance zinc.
  • WO 2014/152619 A1 discloses a brass alloy for turbochargers with the following composition, optionally containing lead (data in % by weight): 57-60% copper, 1.5-3.0% manganese, 1.3-2.3% aluminum, 0.5 - 2.0% silicon, 0 - 1% nickel, 0 - 1% iron, 0 - 0.4% tin, 0 - 0.1% lead and the balance zinc.
  • JP S56-127741 A a brass alloy with the following composition (in % by weight): 54 - 66% copper, 1.0 - 5.0% manganese, 1.0 - 5.0% aluminum, 0.2 - 1.5% silicon , 0.5 - 4.0% nickel, 0.1 - 2.0% iron, 0.2 - 2.0% tin and the balance zinc.
  • the object of the invention is to propose a Pb-free Cu—Zn alloy that is fundamentally suitable for an application or use for which the alloy CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi described above for the prior art was also suitable. It would be desirable if the mechanical strength properties were even improved compared to this previously known special brass alloy, but without having to accept losses in terms of cold and hot workability and machinability.
  • Unavoidable impurities in the alloy are permitted at 0.05% by weight per element, the sum of the unavoidable impurities not exceeding 0.15% by weight.
  • This alloy is characterized above all by the selection of the alloying elements Ni, Fe and Sn, as well as by the claimed content of these elements in the alloy composition in relation to the other alloying elements, above all Mn, Al and Si.
  • This balanced alloy composition ensures particularly good properties of the alloy product in terms of cold and hot workability, machinability, strength and wear resistance, the latter especially under lubricated conditions.
  • Bi is used as a Pb substitute in other special brass alloys, but the alloy according to the invention does not use Bi.
  • the previously known alloy CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi although it has good hot workability
  • the subject matter of the claimed alloy not only has particularly good hot workability, but also good cold workability. The latter was not the case with the previously known alloy.
  • the strength values achievable with this alloy and the surprisingly significantly better cavitation resistance compared to comparison alloys were not foreseeable for the people involved in the development of this alloy.
  • the alloy products forged from the alloy according to the invention have a 0.2% yield strength between 330 and 350 MPa, which is significantly higher than was usual with forgings of the alloy CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi (values of 230 to 300 MPa).
  • the tensile strength of alloy products made from the alloy according to the invention is 600 to 640 MPa. In the case of the previously known alloy CuZn37Mn3Al2PbSi, the tensile strength values are usually between 590 and 670 MPa. Slightly higher tensile strength values can also be achieved with special treatments.
  • the special properties of an alloy product made from this alloy are based on the fact that the Si content is preferably not less than the Ni content. Furthermore, the Sn content of the alloy is preferably adjusted in such a way that it is at most only 50% of the Ni content or only at most 50% of the Si content. The Ni content is preferably not less than the Si content, deviations of up to 0.075% being tolerated.
  • the Fe content also plays a role in interaction with the other elements. Preferably, the Fe content is less than the Ni content by about 0.05% to 0.1% by weight.
  • Figures 1a, 1b show micrographs of sample 1 in the pressed state from the start of pressing ( Figure 1a along the direction of pressing; Figure 1b perpendicular to the pressing direction).
  • Figures 2a, 2b show corresponding microstructure images from the pressing end.
  • the samples cut from the pressed rods were thermally relaxed for three hours at 360° C.
  • an ⁇ -mixed crystal phase was formed in the structure, resulting in a ⁇ -mixed crystal-dominated structure with an ⁇ -mixed crystal component of about 14%.
  • the proportion of intermetallic phases is around 3%.
  • Figures 3a, 3b show micrographs of sample 2 after the stress-relief annealing described above.
  • the intermetallic phases are denoted by IMP.
  • the hardness HBW was measured as HBW 2.5/62.5.
  • the microstructure of the comparative sample CW713R in the pressed state is ⁇ -phase dominated with a proportion of ⁇ -mixed crystal phase of about 10%.
  • the Pb contained in this alloy has a grain-refining effect and serves as a chip breaker.
  • figure 4 shows a micrograph of sample CW713R in the pressed state and after an annealing treatment, corresponding to that of sample 2.
  • the proportion of ⁇ -mixed crystal phase is about 40 - 45%.
  • Pipes were also made from the alloy of Sample 2 and that of the comparative alloy (CW713R) by extrusion. Sections were cut from the tubes which were then machined by turning to compare the machinability of the two alloys. In the course of this turning, rings were created. Interestingly, the machinability of the ring made from the alloy according to sample 2 is at least as good as the machinability of the ring made from the comparison alloy. This is remarkable since the sample according to the invention (sample 2), unlike the alloy composition of the comparative sample, does not contain any Pb because the alloying element Pb in the comparative sample is held responsible for the good machinability of this alloy.
  • the alloy product of the present invention can be drawn directly. Nevertheless, an intermediate anneal before drawing is preferred in order to achieve as stress-free an alloy product as possible. Furthermore, additional investigations with the alloy compositions of samples 1 and 2 for differently adjusted material states have shown that the tensile strength R m , the 0.2% yield strength, the elongation at break and the hardness HB are also opposite for directly drawn specimens or specimens drawn after an intermediate annealing step Semi-finished product made from the comparison alloy CW713R is significantly increased. The same was the case for both variants of the samples for a material condition after a final stress-relief annealing. This was found in forgings made from the alloy as well as in extruded semi-finished products that were drawn (stretched) after pressing. In both cases, subsequent annealing can be helpful in relieving stresses contained in the respective workpiece.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Forging (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Alliage cuivre-zinc (Cu-Zn) sans plomb (Pb) pour fabriquer des produits en alliage utilisés en conditions lubrifiées présentant la composition suivante (indications en % de poids) :
    Cu : 57 à 59 %,
    Mn: 1,7 à 2,7 %,
    Al : 1,3 à 2,2 %,
    Si : 0,4 à 1,0 %,
    Ni : 0,4 à 0,85 %,
    Fe : 0,3 à 0,7 %,
    Sn: 0,15 à 0,4%
    le reste en Zn, auxquels s'ajoutent les inévitables impuretés représentant 0,5 % de poids pour chaque élément, la somme des inévitables impuretés ne dépassant pas 0,15 % de poids.
  2. Alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce que :
    Mn : 1,9 à 2,6 %,
    Al: 1,4 à 2,1 %,
    Ni : 0,45 à 0,75 %,
    Fe : 0,3 à 0,6 %,
  3. Alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce que :
    Cu : 57,5 à 58,5 %,
    Mn : 2,0 à 2,5 %,
    Al : 1,5 à 2,0 %,
    Si : 0,50 à 0,70 %,
    Ni 0,50 à 0,70 %,
    Fe : 0,35 à 0,55 %,
    Sn : 0,20 à 0,35 %
  4. Alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en Si n'est pas inférieure à la teneur en Ni.
  5. Alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en Sn représente au maximum 50 % de la teneur en Ni et au maximum 50 % de la teneur en Si.
  6. Alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la teneur en Fe est inférieure de 0,05 % à 0,1 % à la teneur en Ni.
  7. Produit forgé, fabriqué à partir d'un alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le produit forgé fabriqué à partir de l'alliage présente une structure β et une teneur en cristaux mixtes α en inclusion de moins de 5 % et une teneur en phases intermétalliques de 2,5 à 4,5 %.
  8. Produit de filage, fabriqué à partir d'un alliage Cu-Zn sans Pb selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le produit de filage fabriqué à partir de l'alliage présente une structure β et une teneur en cristaux mixtes α en inclusion de moins de 5 % et une teneur en phases intermétalliques de 2,5 à 4,5 %.
  9. Produit en alliage selon l'une des revendications 7 ou 8, caractérisé en ce que le produit en alliage est détendu thermiquement par un processus de recuit et que ce processus forme dans la structure une augmentation de la teneur en cristaux mixtes α pour atteindre 10 à 30 % et notamment de 10 à 15 % et une teneur en phases intermé-tallique de 3 à 5 %.
  10. Produit en alliage selon l'une des revendications 7 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la dureté du produit en alliage s'élève à 160 à 190 HBW 2,5/62,5, notamment 170 à 185 HBW 2,5/62,5.
  11. Produit en alliage selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le produit en alliage présente une limite d'élasticité à 0,2 % située entre 300 et 400 MPa, notamment située entre 300 et 350 MPa et une résistance à la traction de 600 à 700 MPa, notamment de 600 à 640 MPa.
  12. Produit en alliage selon la revendication 7 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le produit en alliage présente une résistance d'allongement à la rupture située entre 10 et 30 %, notamment entre 13 à 20 %.
  13. Produit en alliage selon la revendication 8 et 11, caractérisé en ce que le produit en alliage présente une résistance d'allongement à la rupture entre 10 et 16 %.
  14. Produit en alliage selon l'une des revendications 7 à 13, caractérisé en ce que la conductibilité électrique du produit en alliage est située entre 9 et 11 MS/m, notamment de 9,3 et 10,0 MS/m.
EP21716326.0A 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb Active EP3908682B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE202020101700.4U DE202020101700U1 (de) 2020-03-30 2020-03-30 Pb-freie Cu-Zn-Legierung
PCT/EP2021/058264 WO2021198236A1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3908682A1 EP3908682A1 (fr) 2021-11-17
EP3908682B1 true EP3908682B1 (fr) 2022-08-17

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EP21716326.0A Active EP3908682B1 (fr) 2020-03-30 2021-03-30 Alliage cu-zn sans plomb

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US20230091831A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3908682B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2023520678A (fr)
KR (1) KR20220155437A (fr)
CN (1) CN115103921A (fr)
BR (1) BR112022015524A2 (fr)
DE (1) DE202020101700U1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2927042T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2021198236A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021118907A1 (de) * 2021-07-21 2023-01-26 Diehl Brass Solutions Stiftung & Co. Kg Bleifreie Messinglegierung und Verwendung derselben
CN115198139B (zh) * 2022-08-31 2023-06-09 宁波金田铜业(集团)股份有限公司 一种耐磨黄铜合金棒材及其制备方法

Family Cites Families (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56127741A (en) 1980-03-06 1981-10-06 Honda Motor Co Ltd Abrasion resistant copper alloy
DE102005017574A1 (de) 2005-04-16 2006-10-26 Diehl Metall Stiftung & Co.Kg Kupfer-Zink-Legierung und Verwendung einer solchen Legierung
ES2645466T3 (es) * 2007-06-28 2017-12-05 Wieland-Werke Ag Aleación de cobre y cinc, procedimiento de producción y uso
DE102007029991B4 (de) * 2007-06-28 2013-08-01 Wieland-Werke Ag Kupfer-Zink-Legierung, Verfahren zur Herstellung und Verwendung
TW201114926A (en) * 2009-10-29 2011-05-01 Globe Union Ind Corp Eco-frienly brass alloy
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CN102251142A (zh) * 2011-07-25 2011-11-23 龙工（上海）桥箱有限公司 一种行走马达用球铰的材料
CN102851533A (zh) * 2012-09-26 2013-01-02 宁波正元铜合金有限公司 一种复杂黄铜及其制备方法和应用
US10287653B2 (en) 2013-03-15 2019-05-14 Garrett Transportation I Inc. Brass alloys for use in turbocharger bearing applications
DE102013008822A1 (de) * 2013-05-24 2014-11-27 Wieland-Werke Ag Mine für Kugelschreiber und Verwendung
CN103589903B (zh) * 2013-08-16 2016-04-20 武汉泛洲中越合金有限公司 一种高强度耐磨铜合金及其制造方法
CN103725922B (zh) * 2014-01-16 2017-06-20 沈阳亚欧星海铜业有限公司 一种无铅硅黄铜合金及制备方法
DE102014106933A1 (de) * 2014-05-16 2015-11-19 Otto Fuchs Kg Sondermessinglegierung und Legierungsprodukt
DE102014014239B4 (de) * 2014-09-25 2024-04-11 Wieland-Werke Ag Elektrisches Verbindungselement
DE202016102696U1 (de) * 2016-05-20 2017-08-29 Otto Fuchs - Kommanditgesellschaft - Sondermessinglegierung sowie Sondermessinglegierungsprodukt
JP2019178694A (ja) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-17 株式会社Ihi 過給機
CN109930025A (zh) * 2019-03-22 2019-06-25 广东出入境检验检疫局检验检疫技术中心 一种无铅环保易切削黄铜材料

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Publication number Publication date
DE202020101700U1 (de) 2021-07-01
JP2023520678A (ja) 2023-05-18
EP3908682A1 (fr) 2021-11-17
KR20220155437A (ko) 2022-11-22
US20230091831A1 (en) 2023-03-23
CN115103921A (zh) 2022-09-23
WO2021198236A1 (fr) 2021-10-07
ES2927042T3 (es) 2022-11-03
BR112022015524A2 (pt) 2022-10-11

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