EP3900111B1 - Dispositif antenne - Google Patents

Dispositif antenne Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3900111B1
EP3900111B1 EP19829631.1A EP19829631A EP3900111B1 EP 3900111 B1 EP3900111 B1 EP 3900111B1 EP 19829631 A EP19829631 A EP 19829631A EP 3900111 B1 EP3900111 B1 EP 3900111B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elements
antenna device
feed network
radiator
antenna
Prior art date
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EP19829631.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3900111A1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander Popugaev
Mengistu TESSEMA
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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Fraunhofer Gesellschaft zur Forderung der Angewandten Forschung eV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
    • H01Q1/3208—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used
    • H01Q1/3233—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles characterised by the application wherein the antenna is used particular used as part of a sensor or in a security system, e.g. for automotive radar, navigation systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
    • H01Q5/50—Feeding or matching arrangements for broad-band or multi-band operation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
    • H01Q9/045—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna with particular feeding means

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to an antenna device and a GNSS antenna.
  • Preferred embodiments relate to a broadband antenna device with limited dimensions.
  • GNSS Global satellite navigation systems
  • the American GPS the Russian GLONASS
  • the Chinese BeiDou the Chinese BeiDou or the European Galileo
  • the Galileo system offers the Public Regulated Service (PRS) for sovereign purposes.
  • PRS Public Regulated Service
  • the bandwidth of the encrypted PRS signals E1 and E6 is specified with at least 40 MHz (slightly larger than in 1 shown). It is planned to equip military and BOS vehicles (authorities and organizations with security tasks) of the participating EU member states with PRS receiver modules in the near future.
  • C/N0 signal-to-noise power density ratio
  • Ceramic antennas with two planar antenna elements (resonators) arranged one above the other are characterized by such behavior (cf. 4 ).
  • Each of the four metallic radiator parts is fed at one of the outer corners and is galvanically connected to the ground plane at the outer edge.
  • the relative impedance bandwidth (measuring: standing wave ratio VSWR ⁇ 2:1) of the antennas shown here is approx. 20%.
  • the axial ratio bandwidth (axial ratio AR ⁇ 3 dB or cross-polarization suppression XPD ⁇ 15.5 dB) is limited to approx. 10% by the narrow-band concept of the serial feed network.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the structure and miniaturization of the four-point parallel feed network of a circularly polarized antenna.
  • Each feed point of the miniaturized variant is broadband adjusted with the help of a line transformer and an open-circuit stub line.
  • Embodiments of the present invention create an antenna device with a radiator arrangement and a feed network.
  • the radiator arrangement is arranged in an upper level in the emission direction, while the feed network is arranged in a corresponding lower level.
  • the feed network can be provided on a single-layer or multi-layer carrier.
  • the radiator array comprises at least four elements (four radiating elements) spaced (isolated) from each other by gaps in the upper plane. The arrangement is such that four quadrants are formed.
  • Each of the four elements is connected in a central angular range via a respective feed point to a corresponding feed point of the feed network.
  • each element has a foot element (e.g. a folded header or attached via) extending from the upper level in the direction of the lower level.
  • each of the four elements is defined by a circular arc segment, e.g. B. formed a 90 ° arc segment.
  • the four circular arc segments in the quadrature arrangement thus form a kind of full circle, with the elements each being spaced apart from the next element by a gap.
  • the columns form a kind of cross slot.
  • This shape advantageously allows a maximum area to be occupied, particularly given the boundary condition of a limited diameter (e.g. 100 or 90 mm).
  • the above design can also be used to achieve a flat shape (e.g. ⁇ 30mm), which enables flush installation with the vehicle.
  • Exemplary embodiments of the present invention are based on the finding that the layered arrangement of feed network and antenna emitter allows optimal use of space in a housing to be achieved, with good radiation characteristics being achieved by the quadrature arrangement or cross slot arrangement.
  • the beam assembly can be operated very efficiently. This promotes the resulting antenna gain.
  • the arrangement outlined above achieves an antenna device with a high bandwidth and good antenna gain over the entire bandwidth, with boundary conditions such as the small installation space being achieved.
  • a dielectric element such as e.g. B. provided a Teflon body.
  • this enables a sufficient distance to be formed between the feed network and the radiating elements, with this distance being filled in order to achieve increased mechanical stability (step protection).
  • the four elements are identical or essentially identical and can include, for example, circle elements, 90° circle segments, triangles or polygons. Particularly in the case of the structure with 90° circle segments, it becomes clear that the arrangement is at least two mirror-symmetrical and also point-symmetrical in some areas.
  • this is realized in that the coupling takes place in a middle partial circle segment (generally partial segment).
  • This middle pitch circle segment is achieved if the individual circular arc segment (segment) is subdivided into three pitch circle segments of equal size (e.g. 30° pitch circle segments) or generally angular segments and the coupling is carried out here in the middle segment (element) ( if possible far outside or in the outer third).
  • the angle for the angular segments of one or all elements of the radiator arrangement extends out, for example, from the middle or the middle region of the radiator arrangement.
  • an optimal coupling is achieved when the coupling point is present exactly along the center line in relation to the angle of the circle segment.
  • a coupling here again being as far outside as possible, i. H. in the area of the outer third would be desirable.
  • the antenna device has an array of radiator arrangements on.
  • Each of these radiator arrays includes four elements.
  • the multiple radiator arrangements in the array are symmetrical.
  • four antenna element arrangements can be provided, which are arranged point-symmetrically, for example, around the center point of the entire antenna element arrangement or antenna device.
  • these four radiator arrangements are located in four quadrants of the antenna device.
  • an additional radiator arrangement can be arranged in the middle of the antenna device, which also comprises four elements, whereby this does not necessarily have to behave similarly or identically to the four elements of the other radiator arrangement.
  • each of the elements of the radiating elements can be formed by sheets or foils, because the foil is applied to the dielectric body as a carrier, for example.
  • the base element with the feed point can be realized at the same time by an unfolded nose (generally base point element) during the production of sheets and foils.
  • This nose extends, for example, at the outer edge from the main plane in the direction of the feed network (for example, at an angle of 35° to 80° out of the plane and/or along an angle in the range of 35 to 55° or 10° to 80°) .
  • the nose can also be tapered so that in the upper plane it has a connection from 10° (or 20° or x°) to 80° (70° or -x°), while the attachment point to the lower plane is at 45° (or in the range between 40° and 50°).
  • each feed network has a section for the individual ones of the at least four elements of the radiator arrangement.
  • a stub line or a stub line short-circuited to ground is provided for each feed point (for each radiating element) for broadband matching.
  • the feed network can also include at least one of the following elements: line transformer, Wilkinson coupler and/or delay line.
  • Another embodiment provides a GNSS antenna with a housing and a corresponding antenna device.
  • this GNSS antenna is round and has a maximum diameter of 90 mm.
  • Figure 7a the basic embodiment is based on Figure 7a explained, while optional aspects related to the Figure 7b , 7c and 7d to be discussed.
  • Figures 7e and 7f 12 show optional aspects of the feed network according to extended embodiments.
  • FIG. 7a shows an antenna device 10 with the two basic features radiator arrangement 12 and feed network 14.
  • the feed network is applied, for example, to a single-layer or multi-layer circuit board and is located in a lower level, e.g. B. at the bottom of the antenna device, while the radiator assembly is in an upper level.
  • Both planes can be essentially parallel to one another, with the feed network 14 and the radiator arrangement optionally being aligned with one another. According to an optional aspect, as shown here, they are spaced apart from one another in the emission direction 12r.
  • the emission direction 12r of the antenna device 10 is marked with an arrow.
  • the radiator arrangement 12 comprises four individual elements 12a to 12d (whereby 12d is covered by an optional component).
  • the four elements 12a to 12c are each, for example, semicircular elements arranged in a quadrant.
  • the individual elements 12a to 12d are formed by segments of a circle of 90°, so that a two-fold mirror-symmetrical and one-dimensional point-symmetrical structure is established. All elements 12a to 12d are arranged in a common plane, namely the upper plane. All of the radiator elements 12a to 12d arranged in the four quadrants are separated by gaps 12s. Starting from the 90° circle segments, these can have a constant thickness of 1 to 3 mm, but of course any other shape with a variable cross section would also be conceivable.
  • Each radiating element 12a to 12c is connected to the associated feed point of the feed network 14 via its own feed point.
  • the feed points belonging to the radiators 12a to 12d are identified by the reference symbols 12as, 12bs, 12cs and 12ds.
  • these feeding points 12as to 12ds are formed by lugs arranged on the circle line. These tabs are folded down (i.e. extend out of the upper level towards the lower level and thus enable connection to the associated feed points 14as to 14ds.
  • This middle angular range is identified here with the reference symbol ⁇ and essentially corresponds to the middle pitch circle segment if the individual circle segment is subdivided into three circle segments of equal size.
  • the feed point can be arranged anywhere within this range. At this point, however, it should also be pointed out that a preferred attachment should be as central as possible, i. H. should be provided on the bisector of the 90° circle segment (or a circle segment with a different angle), while an arrangement as close as possible to the edge line (cf. circle line) would also be preferable.
  • the feed point is arranged on an axis of symmetry, it being possible for the axis of symmetry to run along an angle bisector or diagonal (depending on the shape of the segment). This has the advantageous technical effect that a symmetrical feed takes place.
  • FIG. 7b shows another antenna device 10'.
  • the device 10′ essentially corresponds to the antenna device 10, the space between the radiator arrangement 12 comprising the four radiating quadrants 12a, 12b and 12c and the feed network 14 being filled with a material, here a dielectric body 16.
  • the dielectric support may be formed from a bulk plastic or a polyimide film, for example. This foil can be coated with an additional metallization (flexible printed circuit board), which then forms the radiating elements 12. If one starts from a round body 16, the four circular segments are applied to the surface with a type of cross slot shape in order to form the four radiator elements 12a to 12d.
  • a recess can be provided both centrally at the cross slot and at the end of the slots 12s, in order to create the necessary installation space for screws or other fastening means, for example.
  • the body 16 can also have a recess in the area of the lugs 12as to 12ds, so that these can be bent towards the feed network 14 corresponding to the printed circuit board.
  • the antenna device 10 is embedded in a case composed of the base plate 18g and the lid 18d.
  • the bottom has a receptacle for the single or multi-layer printed circuit board that houses the feed network.
  • the dielectric body 16 with the radiating elements 12a to 12d is then applied to the feed network before the housing is then closed from above with the cover 18d.
  • a seal can optionally be provided between the housing base 18g and the housing cover 18d.
  • the individual components can be connected to one another using the screws. It is thus possible, for example, for the dielectric block with the radiating elements to be fastened together with the circuit board 14 on the base plate 18g with the central central screw, while the cover 18d and thus the housing can be closed with the four decentralized screws.
  • the entire antenna is also open via these screws another component, such as B. a vehicle applicable.
  • the locked position is in Figure 7c shown while Figure 7d represents the decentralized bores (cf. reference numeral 18s) in the sectional view.
  • This is provided with the reference number 20 and protrudes on the underside of the floor 18g.
  • the plug 20 protrudes through the base 18g and makes contact with the printed circuit board, which houses the feed network 14, from below. Because the plug 20 protrudes on the underside, the antenna device can be contacted from below and at the same time the cable can be lowered when the antenna device is attached.
  • the connector shown here can be, for example, an F-connector or a similar connector.
  • the thickness of the base plate 18g allows components such as B. filters or the like can be provided on the circuit board.
  • the printed circuit board 14l with the switching network 14 is round and can be divided roughly into four sectors/circle segments, as shown by the dashed lines. Each sector includes a portion of the feed network associated with one of the four elements. Consequently, a feed point 14as to 14ad is provided in each sector. How based on Fig. 7f As shown, each nose 12as to 12ds is connected to the respective feed point 14as to 14ds, e.g. B. by a pure clamping force or by a mechanical-electrical connection such. B. based on a solder. A corresponding feed network section is arranged around each feed point and serves to feed the individual element.
  • each section comprises a short-circuited stub 15sd, the short-circuit point being identified by the reference numeral 15sdk.
  • This short-circuit point is implemented, for example, by a via that connects the stub line to a ground layer arranged in a lower level.
  • a Line transformer be provided for each feed point. This line transformer is provided with the reference number 15lt.
  • the individual feed points 14as to 14ds are connected to one another by so-called delay lines 15vl (e.g. two pairs each with a 90° (quarter wavelength) difference in length at the center frequency), which then together make it possible to operate the antenna as an RHCP antenna.
  • the feed network 14, in particular in the central section 14z, also includes other components which are implemented here in the feed network layer, such as a 180° hybrid, one or more Wilkinson couplers and/or line transformers.
  • the feed network 14 shown here can be used as a conventional feed network (cf. Figure 6a ) or as a miniaturized feed network, e.g. based on meander shapes (cf. Figures 6b and 6c ) has to be implemented, the basic idea of which is based on the fact that loops make it possible to miniaturize a topology (cf. [8]).
  • a free area is provided in a further central area 14n, in which the location of the feed network can be connected to the antenna connection.
  • This antenna connector is, as in Figures 7c and 7d visible, provided from the back for contacting.
  • the feed network 14 shown here is designed on a multi-layer circuit board, the z. B. accommodates the feed network in a top layer (layer facing the radiating elements 12), while the RF front end is implemented with filters, LNAs or other electronic components in a lower layer.
  • the use of this lowest layer is advantageous because these components can be accommodated in the housing base 18g and thus shielded.
  • an additional ground layer is provided between this RF front-end layer and the feed network layer, with respect to which, for example, the short circuit of the stub 15sd (cf. 15sdk) can be connected.
  • two ground layers can also be provided, which are easy to implement in terms of production technology, if one starts from two stacked printed circuit boards.
  • this double ground layer between the RF front end layer and the feed network layer also offers shielding advantages.
  • each radiator element is arranged centrally, e.g. B. at the outer end of the circle segment. It would of course also be a central arrangement, e.g. B. in the pitch circle segment ⁇ possible, which can be realized in terms of production technology by an attached via or a different type of soldered leg.
  • Figures 8a and 8b illustrate the antenna gain for two different bands.
  • Figure 8a antenna gain in dBic for 1.16 to 1.30 GHz
  • Figure 8b shows antenna gain in dBic in the 1.52 to 1.61 GHz range.
  • the RHCP component is illustrated in solid lines
  • the LHCP component is illustrated in dashed lines. Good antenna efficiency is achieved when, among other things, there is sufficient spacing between the RHCP and LHCP components.
  • a symmetrical reception gain develops in both relevant bands or areas of the L-band, which is generally 0 to +5 dBiC, depending on the angle, or at least -60 to +60°.
  • the antenna gain in free space (without ground plane) in the lower frequency range is -3.5 dBic at 10° elevation and +2.5 dBic at the zenith; in the upper frequency range the values are between -3.5 and +5 dBic.
  • Cross-polarization rejection is better than 15.5 dB (AR ⁇ 3 dB) over the entire frequency range.
  • StdT Sensor Systems S67-575-86
  • StdT AntCom G5Ant-3A4T1-SS Dimensions (without TNC socket), mm ⁇ 89, H25 ⁇ 89, H18 ⁇ 89, H22 Passive antenna gain in dBic @ elevation 10 ... 90° L5 & E5 ⁇ -3.5 k.
  • Fig. 7g shows an implementation of the referring to Figure 7a illustrated antenna device 10".
  • the radiating elements 12a"-12d are formed by printed circuit boards.
  • Each radiating element 12a"-12d” has a substantially triangular shape or a triangular shape with flattened corners, so that through the radiator array 12" a Square or octagon is formed.
  • the foot elements 12af"-12df" are attached vertically (generally: angled) along the hypotenuses.
  • foot elements 12af"-12df extend over the entire side and are triangular, so that in the central angular area (here at 45° between the two legs) the feeding point is formed by the tip of the dirt / triangular foot element 12af"-12df", which is then connected to the feed point of the feed network 14".
  • the antenna arrangement essentially forms a circular segment with four 90° segments
  • the segments can also be ⁇ (e.g. 75°) or generally in the range from 30 to 90 ° can be, in which case either additional elements are provided or the columns 12s are larger in size.
  • ⁇ e.g. 75°
  • the circular line can also be formed by a simple straight boundary line, so that each of the four elements is therefore formed by a triangle.
  • An angular boundary line in the sense of a polygon would also be conceivable. In general, it should be noted that any free form would be possible.
  • each individual element can be bent at the edge area, so that the antenna arrangement as a whole forms a mushroom-shaped structure, for example.
  • this has the purpose that good reception properties can also be made possible towards the sides and, on the other hand, it is also due to the fact that the desired housing shape requires such a bending of the radiating elements.
  • the elements of the radiator arrangement can be shaped/bent as desired.
  • FIG 9a shows another antenna device 10′′′.
  • Both antenna devices 10′′′ and 10′′′′ include at least four radiator arrangements 12′′′ which are constructed as explained above.
  • the radiator arrangements are implemented with four identical elements, here 90-degree circle segments (cf. FIGS. 12a-12d).
  • the feed points are marked with reference numerals 12as-12ds.
  • the feed points 12as-12ds for each element are in turn arranged in a middle angular segment, middle pitch circle segment, here along the axis of symmetry through the respective element 12a-12d, for example as far as possible on the outer edge, so that the feed points, e.g. B. 12as and 12cs are as far apart as possible.
  • the antenna device 10′′′ and 10′′′′ can also have a further radiator arrangement 13′′′ which is arranged centrally in relation to the antenna device 10′′′ and 10′′′′.
  • This radiator arrangement 13′′′ in turn comprises four elements which are numbered 13a′′′ to 13d".
  • the elements 13a′′′ to 13b′′′ are similar or identical to one another and have a polygonal shape. In detail, each extends from the center of the radiator arrangement 13′′′ element to the outside and is symmetrical in itself.
  • the feeding point 13as′′′ to 13ds′′′ is located along the axis of symmetry and, seen from the center point, is as far outside as possible, i.e.
  • the four elements 13a" to 13d" are separated from one another by gaps.
  • the outer contour of the elements 13a" to 13b" can be adapted to the outer contour of the radiator elements 12'' according to exemplary embodiments.
  • the antenna arrays 10′′′ and 10′′′′ form null-steering GNSS antennas (Controlled Radiation Pattern Antenna, CRPA) in two different sizes, 90 and 150 mm. Operation is intended for the L1 and E1 band as well as the L2 and E6 band.
  • the antenna elements shown are microstrip line antennas (patch antennas) and not dielectric resonator antennas.
  • the CRPA arrangement shown enables higher C/N0 values (approx. 3 dB for the 150 mm variant) thanks to the four-point feed and the star-shaped shape of the middle element 13′′′. The construction is simpler and can be reduced and compared to the prior art it is more cost-effective and mechanically more stable.
  • the number can also vary in an antenna device with an array of radiator arrangements.
  • the star-shaped radiator element 13′′′ is optional. According to further exemplary embodiments, it would also be possible to implement an antenna device with only one star-shaped radiating element 13′′′. This would be an alternative variant to the in Figure 7a shown antenna device.
  • the feed network 14 can be implemented on a single-layer or multi-layer printed circuit board or a discrete structure (cf. Figure 6a ) exhibit.
  • the dielectric body 16k is present as an element to which the radiating elements 12a to 12d are applied as films, for example, it should be noted at this point that this can of course also be formed by a plastic cage or the like to achieve the desired dielectric properties. A perforation of the body would also be conceivable. Alternatively, the entire housing could be potted when sealed so that the body is formed later. Possible materials for this carrier are ceramics, PTFE or other non-conductive polymers or generally non-conductive elements.
  • any metal sheets such as e.g. B. tinplate (preferably solderable) or metal foils are suitable.
  • the antenna devices explained above are suitable for possible use in military and BOS vehicles (possibly slightly modified), which are to be equipped with PRS modules in the near future.
  • the technical field of application of the invention includes positioning and surveying in agriculture and forestry, cadastral surveying, vehicle and machine controls in construction and agriculture, GNSS surveillance systems, aerospace applications.
  • the invention relates to an antenna device with a centrally placed radiator which, according to a further exemplary embodiment, is mounted on a dielectric carrier, such as e.g. B. a polyimide film can be applied.
  • a dielectric carrier such as e.g. B. a polyimide film can be applied.
  • its metallization is divided into four equal elements, e.g. B. through a cruciform prism.
  • each metallization has its own feeding point, which is broadband-adapted with the aid of a line transformer and, according to the invention, at least one short-circuited stub line.
  • the short-circuited stub provides integrated protection against static charging.
  • a line transformer and at least the running stub line with at least one parallel inductance can be provided in addition to this short-circuited stub line, which also enables integrated protection. Furthermore, these short-circuited stubs enable high interference suppression in the HF and VHF range (also in a significantly lower frequency range). Due to the short-circuits via the stub lines, the resulting signal is not negative either
  • the dielectric carrier is optional, with precisely this dielectric filling between the radiator and a printed circuit board arranged under the radiator being used for increased mechanical stability (impact protection).
  • the printed circuit board has a multilayer design, with a feed network being able to be provided on the upper side and an RF front end (e.g. comprising filters, LNAs, etc.) being provided on the underside, for example.
  • RF front end e.g. comprising filters, LNAs, etc.
  • One or more inner layers can be provided between these two layers, which form mass.
  • a GNSS antenna with the above antenna device and a corresponding housing is thus created according to exemplary embodiments.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") aux caractéristiques suivantes:
    un aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") dans un plan supérieur dans la direction d'émission/de réception (12r); et
    un réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") disposé dans un plan inférieur dans la direction d'émission/de réception (12r);
    dans lequel l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") comporte au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) qui sont disposés espacés l'un de l'autre par des interstices (12s) dans le plan supérieur pour former une structure en quadrants, dans lequel chacun des quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) comporte, le long d'un axe de symétrie, un élément de base s'étendant à partir du plan supérieur en direction du plan inférieur qui forme un point d'alimentation (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds) par l'intermédiaire duquel chaque élément est relié à un point d'alimentation correspondant du réseau d'alimentation (14as, 14bs, 14cs, 14ds);
    caractérisé par le fait que le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") comporte, par point d'alimentation (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds), une ligne de dérivation (15sd) court-circuitée par rapport à la masse qui est conçue pour protéger contre une charge statique et pour supprimer les interférences dans le domaine de HF et VHF.
  2. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") et le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") sont disposés de manière alignée l'un par rapport à l'autre et/ou dans lequel l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") et le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") présentent une forme ronde.
  3. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sont des éléments identiques.
  4. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) comportent des segments de cercle, des segments de cercle de 90°, des triangles et/ou des polygones; et/ou
    dans lequel l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") est symétrique, à symétrie de rotation, à symétrie ponctuelle, à symétrie par réflexion simple ou double; ou
    dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) de l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") sont symétriques, à symétrie de rotation, à symétrie ponctuelle ou à symétrie par réflexion.
  5. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sont formés par des segments angulaires qui peuvent être divisés, chacun, en trois segments angulaires partiels de même grandeur, dans lequel le segment central des trois segments angulaires partiels comporte la zone angulaire centrale (β); ou
    dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sont formés par des segments de cercle qui peuvent être divisés, chacun, en trois segments de cercle de même grandeur, dans lequel le segment central des trois segments de cercle comportent la zone angulaire centrale (β); ou
    dans lequel chacun des au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) est formé par des segments de cercle et l'élément de base et/ou le point d'alimentation (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds) est disposé le long de la moitié de l'angle du segment de cercle.
  6. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon la revendication 5, dans lequel les segments angulaires et les segments angulaires partiels s'étendent à partir d'un point commun ou du point central de l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12"); ou
    dans lequel les segments de cercle et les segments de cercle partiels s'étendant à partir d'un point commun ou du point central de l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12").
  7. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel est disposé, entre le plan de l'aménagement d'émetteurs (12, 12") et le plan du réseau d'alimentation (14, 14"), un support diélectrique (16).
  8. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sont formés, chacun, par une feuille, en particulier une feuille sur un support, ou une feuille diélectrique métallisée ou une feuille métallisée; et/ou
    dans lequel les au moins quatre éléments (12a, 12b, 12c, 12d) sont formés, chacun, par des tôles, des cartes de circuit imprimé, des tôles pliées ou une combinaison de ces dernières.
  9. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon la revendication 9, dans lequel chacun des au moins quatre éléments de base est formé par un nez (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds) ou un nez non plié d'un côté extérieur de l'élément respectif ou une ligne en arc de cercle de l'élément respectif, dans lequel le nez ou le nez non plié forme le point d'alimentation respectif (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds) qui est relié au point d'alimentation correspondant du réseau d'alimentation (14as, 14bs, 14cs, 14ds).
  10. Dispositif d'antenne selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") est formé sur un aménagement de carte de circuit imprimé monocouche ou multicouche; ou
    dans lequel le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") est formé sur un aménagement de carte de circuit imprimé monocouche ou multicouche; dans lequel l'aménagement de carte de circuit imprimé multicouche comporte une couche de réseau d'alimentation et une couche d'extrémité frontale RF avec une couche de masse située entre ces dernières, ou
    dans lequel l'aménagement multicouche comporte une couche de réseau d'alimentation et une couche d'extrémité frontale RF avec une double couche de masse située entre ces dernières.
  11. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") comporte au moins un des éléments du groupe comportant un transformateur de ligne (15lt), un coupleur de Wilkinson et une ligne à retard, ou
    dans lequel le réseau d'alimentation (14, 14") comporte, par point d'alimentation (12as, 12bs, 12cs, 12ds), au moins un des éléments du groupe comportant un transformateur de ligne (15lt), un coupleur de Wilkinson et une ligne à retard.
  12. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications précédentes, qui présente au moins deux aménagements d'émetteurs (12, 12"); ou
    qui présente au moins deux aménagements d'émetteurs (12, 12") et dans lequel les aménagements d'émetteurs (12, 12") sont disposés de manière symétrique, à symétrie ponctuelle ou à symétrie d'axe par rapport au dispositif d'antenne; et/ou
    qui est un autre aménagement d'émetteurs disposé entre les aménagements d'émetteurs (12, 12').
  13. Antenne GNSS avec:
    un boîtier (18g, 18d); et
    un dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") incorporé dans le boîtier selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes.
  14. Antenne GNSS selon la revendication 13, dans laquelle l'antenne GNSS est ronde et/ou dans laquelle l'antenne GNSS présente un diamètre maximum de 100 mm.
  15. Dispositif d'antenne (10, 10', 10") selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, dans lequel l'axe de symétrie s'étend le long d'une diagonale ou d'une bissectrice.
EP19829631.1A 2018-12-21 2019-12-23 Dispositif antenne Active EP3900111B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18215599.4A EP3671951A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Dispositif antenne
PCT/EP2019/086942 WO2020128096A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2019-12-23 Dispositif d'antenne

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EP3900111A1 EP3900111A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
EP3900111B1 true EP3900111B1 (fr) 2023-02-08

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EP18215599.4A Withdrawn EP3671951A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Dispositif antenne
EP19829631.1A Active EP3900111B1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2019-12-23 Dispositif antenne

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EP18215599.4A Withdrawn EP3671951A1 (fr) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Dispositif antenne

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WO (1) WO2020128096A1 (fr)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4973972A (en) * 1989-09-07 1990-11-27 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Adminstration Stripline feed for a microstrip array of patch elements with teardrop shaped probes
JP3302669B2 (ja) * 2000-01-07 2002-07-15 電気興業株式会社 偏波共用アンテナ装置
US6816122B2 (en) * 2002-01-29 2004-11-09 Mitsumi Electric Co., Ltd. Four-point feeding loop antenna capable of easily obtaining an impedance match
DE102011007058A1 (de) * 2011-04-08 2012-10-11 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Elektrische Leiterbahn
DE102016207434B4 (de) * 2016-04-07 2017-11-23 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Antennenvorrichtung
CN105811099A (zh) 2016-04-22 2016-07-27 西安电子科技大学 一种小型卫星导航天线及其抗多径干扰腔体

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EP3900111A1 (fr) 2021-10-27
WO2020128096A1 (fr) 2020-06-25
EP3671951A1 (fr) 2020-06-24

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