EP3898482A1 - Fall-prevention device for motor-driven rack and pinion elevator - Google Patents

Fall-prevention device for motor-driven rack and pinion elevator

Info

Publication number
EP3898482A1
EP3898482A1 EP19824316.4A EP19824316A EP3898482A1 EP 3898482 A1 EP3898482 A1 EP 3898482A1 EP 19824316 A EP19824316 A EP 19824316A EP 3898482 A1 EP3898482 A1 EP 3898482A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
elevator
rack
fall
cleat
lever
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19824316.4A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3898482B1 (en
Inventor
Gabriel NARDELLI
Alexandre NARDELLI
Pierre CARTON
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Xl Industries
Original Assignee
Xl Industries
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Xl Industries filed Critical Xl Industries
Publication of EP3898482A1 publication Critical patent/EP3898482A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3898482B1 publication Critical patent/EP3898482B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02—Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16—Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well
    • B66B5/26—Positively-acting devices, e.g. latches, knives

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of elevators.
  • the invention relates to a safety device intended to prevent the fall of an elevator during telescoping and negative telescoping operations, that is to say downwards, from the mast of the elevator.
  • the invention finds particular application in the field of elevators used in descents.
  • the telescoping of an elevator mast is carried out by installing mast modules one on top of or under the other.
  • the mast can be assembled from top to bottom, that is to say from an upper end of the mast to a low end of said mast, this is called negative telescoping, or telescoping down. , or on the contrary from bottom to top, we then speak of positive telescoping, or telescoping upwards.
  • the downward travel of the cabin is limited by a mechanical stop, placed on the mast. This stop is removed during telescoping or telescoping of the mast and reassembled before commissioning.
  • telescoping means a disassembly of the mast.
  • the travel of the cabin is not limited downwards.
  • a risk of the cabin falling in the event for example, of a malfunction of the safety systems already present, such as for example a parachute intended to engage in the event of detection of an overspeed of the cabin, or an electric detector end of mast intended to electrically stop the elevator when said detector, placed in the lower part of the elevator, no longer detects the mast supporting the elevator.
  • a disadvantage of such braking devices is that they can slow down the elevator but not stop it, so that a fall from the elevator is still possible.
  • Chinese patent application CN 103523630 discloses a safety device for an elevator intended for the assembly of an assembled crane pillar by placing mast elements on top of each other by means of lifting equipment.
  • the cabin is installed along this base by means of guide elements.
  • Other mast elements are then installed by the lifting equipment.
  • the lifting is carried out by means of a hook placed above the elevator cabin , which rises along the mast elements already in place.
  • the safety device described in this prior art makes it possible to avoid the exit from the cabin of the guiding elements which could occur in the event of an excessive stroke of the cabin.
  • the device comprises a switch essentially formed by a rod positioned and maintained at a given distance above the cabin, and in contact with the mast, so that contact between the switch and the mast is interrupted before the cabin does not leave the guide elements.
  • the switch is electrically connected to a motor unit of the elevator, so that, before the cabin has reached the top of the mast, the switch / mast contact is interrupted and the motor unit is cut off in energy, the cabin then ceasing its ascent, preventing the cabin from leaving the guide elements.
  • Such a safety device makes it possible to stop the cabin to avoid an exit of the guide elements, but it is suitable for cabins moving in the direction of ascent and not in the direction of descent.
  • the invention relates to an anti-fall device able to pass from an unlatched configuration to an engaged configuration to prevent the fall of an elevator capable of being set in motion along a rack of an elevator mast.
  • the fall prevention device comprises a frame, a lever, a roller in connection pivot with said lever and fixed at a first end of said lever, said roller being able to roll on a smooth face of the rack, a cleat fixed at a second end of said lever, said cleat comprising a toothed part capable of cooperating with a toothed face of the rack and being connected to the frame by means of a compression spring, and at least one damper arranged on an upper part of said fall prevention device.
  • the fall prevention device according to the invention is also in slide connection with the elevator.
  • the fall prevention device comprises a counter-rack roller capable of rolling along the smooth face in the non-engaged configuration and capable of coming to bear on said smooth face in the engaged configuration.
  • a toothing of the toothed part of the cleat and a toothing of the toothed face of the rack have the same pressure angle, which pressure angle is equal to a guide angle of the cleat formed by a direction of extension of the cleat with a direction of extension of the teeth of said cleat.
  • the fall prevention device comprises at least one unlocking means to allow the passage of said fall prevention device from the engaged configuration to the non-engaged configuration.
  • the at least one unlocking means comprises an unlocking screw, an unlocking nut and a guide body for said screw.
  • the at least one unlocking means comprises a jack.
  • the invention also relates to an elevator comprising an anti-fall device according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to an assembly composed of an elevator according to the invention and an elevator mast comprising a rack, the elevator moreover comprising at least one pinion intended to cooperate with said rack to allow movement of said elevator. along said rack, the anti-fall device of the elevator being able to cooperate with the rack.
  • FIG. 1 A shows an elevator installed on a mast in a configuration in which the elevator cabin is entirely placed on the mast.
  • FIG. 1 B shows an elevator installed on an elevator mast in a configuration in which the cabin is fully lowered below an altitude of the lower end of the mast.
  • FIG. 2A shows the engine unit of the elevator in a front view.
  • FIG. 2B shows the engine unit of the elevator in a rear view.
  • FIG. 3A shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in an unclipped configuration, with cover.
  • FIG. 3B shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in a transient engagement configuration, without cover.
  • FIG. 3C shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in an engaged configuration, with cover.
  • FIG. 4 shows a rear view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, in an engaged configuration.
  • FIG. 5 shows a perspective view of the fall prevention device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a detailed view of the teeth of the rack and the fall prevention device according to the invention.
  • an elevator 1 comprising a cabin 10 and a driving unit 1 1 is placed on a mast 2 during negative telescoping.
  • the mast 2 is composed of a set of mast modules 20 of substantially square section and assembled from top to bottom.
  • the installation of a mast module 20 under another mast module is carried out by placing the elevator in a low position in which a low floor 100 of the cabin 10 is caused to descend to a lower altitude at a lower end 21 of the mast during assembly, or telescoping.
  • the lower end 21 is suspended, that is to say that it is not in contact with the ground, a distance between the ground and the lower end 21 being generally greater than a height of the elevator.
  • elevator is meant an apparatus intended to transport people or loads in a vertical direction corresponding to a direction of movement of the elevator along the mast.
  • An elevator can for example be an elevator or a freight elevator.
  • the elevator 1 is able to move along the mast 2 in a direction of ascent or in a direction of descent, by means of a rack and pinion system comprising at least one pinion 1 14 associated with the riser 1 and a rack 22 associated with the mast 20.
  • the elevator 1 is set in motion along the mast 2 by the drive unit 1 1 which comprises in particular a motor assembly 1 10 driving at least one pinion 1 14, and a parachute 1 1 1 intended to brake the elevator in the event of overspeed.
  • "Overspeed" means a descent speed greater than a maximum nominal descent speed of the elevator.
  • the drive unit 1 1 also comprises two mechanical stops 1 12 capable of coming into contact with a low mechanical stop placed a few tens of centimeters from the lower end 21 of the mast 2, thus making it possible to prevent the elevator 1 from going too low, thus avoiding an exit of the at least one pinion of the rack and a fall of the elevator.
  • the lift stroke is not limited and there is therefore a risk of the lift falling. This is for example the case when the bottom stop is removed to install an additional mast module 20.
  • An anti-fall device 3 makes it possible to limit or even prevent the risks of falling in the absence of a low mechanical stop.
  • the fall prevention device 3 is placed at the level of a rectangular recessed part 1 15 of a lower part of the motor unit 1 1.
  • the fall prevention device 3 comprises a frame 30, a lever 31, a roller 32, a cleat 33 and two shock absorbers 34.
  • the lever 31 is in pivot connection 310 with the frame 30 around a connecting axis substantially perpendicular to a face of the mast 2 along which the elevator is caused to move.
  • the roller 32 is integral with a lower end of the lever 31 and in pivot connection with said lever, along a connecting axis substantially parallel to the connecting axis of the pivot link 310 between the lever 31 and the frame 310.
  • the roller 32 is placed on an inner face of the lever 31, said inner face corresponding to a face oriented towards the mast, so that said roller is able to roll on a smooth face 220 of the rack 22 opposite to a toothed face 221 of said rack .
  • the cleat 33 is integral with a high end of the lever 31 and connected to said lever by a shaft 333, and is fixed relative to said lever.
  • Cleat 33 is placed on the side of the inner face of the lever 31, so that a toothed portion 334 of said cleat is able to cooperate with a toothed face 221 of the rack 22.
  • a compression spring 330 connecting the frame 30 to the cleat 33 exerts a force aimed at bringing the said cleat of the rack.
  • a cover 331 is fixed to the frame 30 for example by means of screws.
  • the cover 331 has a substantially oblong guide hole 332 for guiding the shaft 333 connecting the cleat 33 to the lever 31 and allowing this assembly to rotate around the pivot link 310.
  • the cover 331 contributes with the frame 30 in guiding the cleat 33 when said cleat is driven by the lever 31.
  • the cover 331 provides lateral guiding of the cleat 33.
  • a guide path 335 of the frame 30 ensures with the cover 331 the guiding of the cleat 33.
  • the guide path 335 is welded to the rest of the frame 30, and has a "U" section.
  • the guide path 335 extends in an extension direction identical to an extension direction of the cleat 33.
  • the fall prevention device 3 is in slide connection with the drive unit 11 of the elevator.
  • the slide link between said device and said drive unit allows a relative translational movement of one of these two elements along a vertical axis relative to the other element.
  • the slide connection is provided by the presence on the frame 310 of four oblong holes 300, in each of which is inserted a pin 1 13 of the drive unit 1 1.
  • the shock absorbers 34 are fixed to an upper part of the frame 30 of the fall prevention device, by fixing means, for example of the screw / nut type.
  • the shock absorbers 34 have a substantially cylindrical shape.
  • the roller 32 In an unconnected configuration of the fall prevention device 3, illustrated in FIG. 3A, the roller 32 is in contact with the smooth face 220 of the rack 22 and capable of rolling along this smooth face in the event of movement of the elevator.
  • the lever 31 is substantially stationary and the cleat 33 does not cooperate with the rack 22, so that the fall prevention device 3 does not oppose a movement of the elevator 1 and accompanies the movement of the elevator by rolling the roller 32 along the rack.
  • FIG. 3B illustrating a transient configuration of the fall arrest device.
  • the moment created by the force exerted by the spring 330 on the cleat 33, around the connecting axis of the pivot link 310 brings said cleat into contact with the rack, so that the teeth of the toothed part of said cleat cooperate with the toothed face 221 of said rack, thus immobilizing the fall prevention device with respect to the rack 22.
  • the fall prevention device 3 is then in configuration engaged. Consequently, the descent of the elevator is limited.
  • the elevator can continue to descend, by the sliding link existing between the drive unit and the fall prevention device, until the drive unit 1 1 comes into contact with the shock absorbers 34 placed on a upper part of the fall prevention device, which shock absorbers are then compressed so that they brake the descent of the elevator until said elevator is completely stopped.
  • a length of the oblong holes 300 is advantageously equal to a length of a shock absorber, so that the travel of the pins 1 13 is not limited during the braking phase of the elevator, or compression of the shock absorbers, leading to the '' complete lift stop.
  • a pressure angle a is defined as being the angle formed by the slope of the teeth relative to a direction of extension of said teeth, horizontal in this case.
  • a guide angle w of the cleat 33 which angle is formed by the direction of extension of the cleat 33 with the horizontal direction of extension of the teeth of the cleat, is substantially equal to this pressure angle, which allows on the one hand optimal meshing between the teeth of the rack 22 and the teeth of the cleat 33, the directions of extension of the teeth remaining parallel during the movement of said cleat, and on the other hand to compensate for the horizontal force exerted by the rack on the cleat due to the weight of the elevator and the pressure of the teeth of the rack on the cleat, thus preventing the cleat from being moved away from the rack.
  • a counter-rack roller 35 takes up a thrust force exerted by the cleat 33 on the rack 22 due to the weight of the elevator 1 resting on the anti-slip device. in order to avoid damage to the rack.
  • the counter-rack roller 35 is a roller in pivot connection with the frame 30 of the fall-prevention device, capable of rolling on the smooth face of the rack in the non-engaged configuration, and coming to bear against the smooth face of the rack in configuration engaged, in which it is substantially immobilized relative to said frame.
  • the fall prevention device 3 is then unlocked by means of at least one unlocking means comprising a guide body 36, an unlocking screw 37 and an unlocking nut 38.
  • the unlocking screw 37 is inserted in the L-shaped guide body 36 projecting from the frame 30.
  • the locking nut 38 is conventionally placed on a threaded part of the unlocking screw.
  • the unlocking screw abuts against the lever 31, so that a screwing of the unlocking screw makes it possible to counterbalance the action of the spring 330 on the cleat 33 by exerting a force on the lever opposing the action said spring.
  • the stopper 33 is thus released from the rack 22 and the lever 31 is made to pivot so as to place the roller 32 set back from the rack.
  • the fall prevention device 3 is no longer immobilized relative to the rack, and said device as well as the elevator can be raised until the roller 32 arrives at an altitude at least equal to that of the lower end 21 of the mast 2.
  • the unlocking screw is then unscrewed, possibly removed, in order to allow the roller 32 to return to contact with the rack, by the action of the spring 330 on the cleat, and therefore on the lever.
  • Such a method of resetting the configuration that is not engaged is carried out manually.
  • the resetting in configuration not engaged is carried out automatically.
  • the shock absorbers 34 decompress and under the effect of the vertical force directed upwards and combined with the pressure angle and the guiding angle of the cleat, the cleat 33 disengages from the rack 22.
  • the roller 32 comes into contact with the lower end of the rack, corresponding substantially in altitude to that of the lower end 21 of the mast 2, the teeth of the rack 22 and the cleat 33 are in contact at their peaks.
  • the release of the rack stopper made it possible to pivot the lever 31 so that an axis of rotation of the roller 32, corresponding to its pivot connection axis, is placed back from the smooth face, as illustrated in FIG.
  • a length of the lever 31 and a diameter of the roller 32 must be adapted so that said roller is in contact with the lower end of the rack when the cleat and said rack are almost entirely released from each other and in contact only by the tops of the teeth.
  • the length of the lever 31 determines the horizontal and vertical position of the axis of rotation of the roller 32. This axis must be horizontally distant from the plane passing through the smooth face of the rack 22, towards the outside of the rack 22.
  • the axis of rotation is at a distance of 1 1 mm, in a horizontal plane, from the smooth face of the rack 22.
  • the vertical position is linked to the diameter of the roller which must be sufficient to come into contact with a low edge of the smooth face of the rack during the rise, and allow a clearance between the roller and said low edge when the teeth of the rack 22 and of the cleat 33 are in contact by their vertices, such a clearance allowing avoid damage to the fall prevention device or even to the lift when the configuration is not engaged.
  • the diameter of the roller 32 is 70mm.
  • shock absorbers 34 as well as their mechanical characteristics may vary, in particular these shock absorbers are dimensioned as a function of the weight to be damped and the impact speed.
  • unlocking means for example a jack.
  • the invention finds particular application in the field of elevators used in descents.
  • a gallery or vertical shaft that allows access to mining works is called a "chute”.

Abstract

The invention concerns a fall-prevention device for an elevator capable of being moved along a rack of an elevator mast, the fall-prevention device being characterised in that it comprises a frame (30), a lever (31), a roller (32) pivotally connected with the lever and attached to a first end of the lever, the roller being capable of rolling on a smooth side of the rack, a stop (33) attached to a second end of the lever, the stop comprising a toothed portion (334) capable of cooperating with a toothed face (221) of the rack and being connected to the frame by means of a compression spring (330), and at least one damper (34) arranged on a top portion of the fall-prevention device, the fall-prevention device being moreover characterised in that it is slidingly connected with the elevator.

Description

Dispositif anti-chute pour élévateur motorisé à entraînement pignon- crémaillère Fall protection device for motorized rack and pinion drive
Domaine technique Technical area
L’invention appartient au domaine des élévateurs. The invention belongs to the field of elevators.
Plus particulièrement, l’invention concerne un dispositif de sécurité destiné à empêcher la chute d’un élévateur lors des opérations de télescopage et dé- télescopage négatif, c’est-à-dire vers le bas, de la mâture de l’élévateur. More particularly, the invention relates to a safety device intended to prevent the fall of an elevator during telescoping and negative telescoping operations, that is to say downwards, from the mast of the elevator.
L’invention trouve une application particulière dans le domaine des élévateurs utilisés en descenderie. The invention finds particular application in the field of elevators used in descents.
Technique antérieure Prior art
Le télescopage d’une mâture d’élévateur est réalisé par mise en place de modules de mât les uns sur ou sous les autres. The telescoping of an elevator mast is carried out by installing mast modules one on top of or under the other.
Suivant la configuration, la mâture peut être assemblée de haut en bas, c’est- à-dire depuis une extrémité haute de la mâture jusqu’à une extrémité basse de ladite mâture, on parle alors de télescopage négatif, ou télescopage vers le bas, ou au contraire de bas en haut, on parle alors de télescopage positif, ou télescopage vers le haut. La course vers le bas de la cabine est limitée par une butée mécanique, mise en place sur la mâture. Cette butée est démontée lors du télescopage ou du dé télescopage de la mâture et remontée avant la mise en service. On entend par dé télescopage un désassemblage de la mâture. Depending on the configuration, the mast can be assembled from top to bottom, that is to say from an upper end of the mast to a low end of said mast, this is called negative telescoping, or telescoping down. , or on the contrary from bottom to top, we then speak of positive telescoping, or telescoping upwards. The downward travel of the cabin is limited by a mechanical stop, placed on the mast. This stop is removed during telescoping or telescoping of the mast and reassembled before commissioning. By telescoping means a disassembly of the mast.
Ainsi, lors d’un télescopage négatif, la course de la cabine n’est pas limitée vers le bas. Il existe donc un risque de chute de la cabine en cas par exemple de dysfonctionnement des systèmes de sécurité déjà présents tels que par exemple un parachute destiné à s’enclencher en cas de détection d’une survitesse de la cabine, ou un détecteur électrique de fin de mâture destiné à stopper électriquement l’élévateur lorsque ledit détecteur, placé en partie basse de l’élévateur, ne détecte plus la mâture supportant l’élévateur. Thus, during a negative telescoping, the travel of the cabin is not limited downwards. There is therefore a risk of the cabin falling in the event, for example, of a malfunction of the safety systems already present, such as for example a parachute intended to engage in the event of detection of an overspeed of the cabin, or an electric detector end of mast intended to electrically stop the elevator when said detector, placed in the lower part of the elevator, no longer detects the mast supporting the elevator.
Il est connu de l’art antérieur des systèmes de freinage destinés à ralentir un élévateur en cas de survitesse. Braking systems intended to slow down an elevator in the event of overspeed are known from the prior art.
A titre d’exemple, le brevet américain US 7 849 972 divulgue un dispositif de freinage d’urgence comportant deux cales pouvant être mises en contact chacune avec un rail de guidage de l’élévateur au moyen de deux membres pivotants. Lorsque la vitesse de l’ascenseur dépasse un premier seuil supérieur à une vitesse nominale, un dispositif de freinage de l’élévateur est mis en action ; lorsque la vitesse de l’ascenseur dépasse un second seuil supérieur au premier - c’est-à-dire que le dispositif de freinage est insuffisant pour freiner l’élévateur, le dispositif d’urgence est actionné, et les cales sont mises en contact des rails pour freiner la cabine de l’élévateur par friction. Le mouvement des membres pivotants, et donc le contact des cales avec les rails de guidages, sont commandés par un actionneur électromagnétique en fonction de la vitesse de l’élévateur. As an example, American patent US Pat. When the speed of the elevator exceeds a first threshold greater than a nominal speed, an elevator braking device is put into action; when the speed of the elevator exceeds a second threshold higher than the first - that is to say that the braking device is insufficient to brake the elevator, the emergency device is activated, and the chocks are brought into contact with the rails to brake the elevator cabin by friction. The movement of the pivoting members, and therefore the contact of the wedges with the guide rails, are controlled by an electromagnetic actuator as a function of the speed of the elevator.
Un inconvénient de tels dispositifs de freinage est qu’ils peuvent ralentir l’élévateur mais pas le stopper, de sorte qu’une chute de l’élévateur reste possible. A disadvantage of such braking devices is that they can slow down the elevator but not stop it, so that a fall from the elevator is still possible.
La demande de brevet chinois CN 103523630 divulgue un dispositif de sécurité pour un élévateur destiné à l’assemblage d’un pilier de grue assemblé par mise en place d’éléments de mât les uns sur les autres au moyen d’un équipement de levage. Lorsqu’un certain nombre d’éléments de mât est mis en place depuis le sol, formant ainsi une base, la cabine est installée le long de cette base au moyen d’éléments de guidage. D’autres éléments de mât sont ensuite installés par l’équipement de levage. En l’absence d’un tel équipement, ou lorsque la taille du mât devient supérieure à la hauteur de levage maximale de l’équipement, le levage est réalisé au moyen d’un crochet disposé au-dessus de la cabine de l’élévateur, laquelle monte le long des éléments de mât déjà en place. Le dispositif de sécurité décrit dans cet art antérieur permet d’éviter la sortie de la cabine des éléments de guidage qui pourrait survenir en cas d’une course trop importante de la cabine. Le dispositif comporte un interrupteur formé essentiellement d’une tige positionnée et maintenue à une distance donnée au-dessus de la cabine, et en contact avec le mât, de sorte que le contact entre l’interrupteur et le mât est interrompu avant que la cabine ne quitte les éléments de guidage. L’interrupteur est relié électriquement à une unité motrice de l’élévateur, de sorte que, avant que la cabine n’ait atteint le sommet du mât, le contact interrupteur/mât est interrompu et l’unité motrice se retrouve coupée en énergie, la cabine cessant alors son ascension, empêchant une sortie de la cabine des éléments de guidage. Chinese patent application CN 103523630 discloses a safety device for an elevator intended for the assembly of an assembled crane pillar by placing mast elements on top of each other by means of lifting equipment. When a number of mast elements are placed from the ground, thus forming a base, the cabin is installed along this base by means of guide elements. Other mast elements are then installed by the lifting equipment. In the absence of such equipment, or when the mast size becomes greater than the maximum lifting height of the equipment, the lifting is carried out by means of a hook placed above the elevator cabin , which rises along the mast elements already in place. The safety device described in this prior art makes it possible to avoid the exit from the cabin of the guiding elements which could occur in the event of an excessive stroke of the cabin. The device comprises a switch essentially formed by a rod positioned and maintained at a given distance above the cabin, and in contact with the mast, so that contact between the switch and the mast is interrupted before the cabin does not leave the guide elements. The switch is electrically connected to a motor unit of the elevator, so that, before the cabin has reached the top of the mast, the switch / mast contact is interrupted and the motor unit is cut off in energy, the cabin then ceasing its ascent, preventing the cabin from leaving the guide elements.
Un tel dispositif de sécurité permet de stopper la cabine pour éviter une sortie des éléments de guidage, mais il est adapté à des cabines évoluant dans le sens d’une montée et non dans le sens d’une descente. Such a safety device makes it possible to stop the cabin to avoid an exit of the guide elements, but it is suitable for cabins moving in the direction of ascent and not in the direction of descent.
Exposé de l’invention Statement of the invention
L’invention concerne un dispositif anti-chute apte à passer d’une configuration non enclenchée à une configuration enclenchée pour prévenir la chute d’un élévateur apte à être mis en mouvement le long d’une crémaillère d’une mâture d’élévateur. Selon l’invention, le dispositif anti-chute comporte un bâti, un levier, un galet en liaison pivot avec ledit levier et fixé à une première extrémité dudit levier, ledit galet étant apte à rouler sur une face lisse de la crémaillère, un taquet fixé à une seconde extrémité dudit levier, ledit taquet comportant une partie dentée apte à coopérer avec une face dentée de la crémaillère et étant relié au bâti au moyen d’un ressort de compression, et au moins un amortisseur disposé sur une partie supérieure dudit dispositif anti-chute. Le dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention est en outre en liaison glissière avec l’élévateur. The invention relates to an anti-fall device able to pass from an unlatched configuration to an engaged configuration to prevent the fall of an elevator capable of being set in motion along a rack of an elevator mast. According to the invention, the fall prevention device comprises a frame, a lever, a roller in connection pivot with said lever and fixed at a first end of said lever, said roller being able to roll on a smooth face of the rack, a cleat fixed at a second end of said lever, said cleat comprising a toothed part capable of cooperating with a toothed face of the rack and being connected to the frame by means of a compression spring, and at least one damper arranged on an upper part of said fall prevention device. The fall prevention device according to the invention is also in slide connection with the elevator.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention comporte un galet de contre-crémaillère apte à rouler le long de la face lisse en configuration non enclenchée et apte à venir en appui sur ladite face lisse en configuration enclenchée. In one embodiment, the fall prevention device according to the invention comprises a counter-rack roller capable of rolling along the smooth face in the non-engaged configuration and capable of coming to bear on said smooth face in the engaged configuration.
Dans un mode de réalisation, une denture de la partie dentée du taquet et une denture de la face dentée de la crémaillère présentent un même angle de pression, lequel angle de pression est égal à un angle de guidage du taquet formé par une direction d’extension du taquet avec une direction d’extension des dents dudit taquet. In one embodiment, a toothing of the toothed part of the cleat and a toothing of the toothed face of the rack have the same pressure angle, which pressure angle is equal to a guide angle of the cleat formed by a direction of extension of the cleat with a direction of extension of the teeth of said cleat.
Dans un mode de réalisation, le dispositif anti-chute comporte au moins un moyen de déverrouillage pour permettre le passage dudit dispositif anti-chute de la configuration enclenchée à la configuration non enclenchée. In one embodiment, the fall prevention device comprises at least one unlocking means to allow the passage of said fall prevention device from the engaged configuration to the non-engaged configuration.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l’au moins un moyen de déverrouillage comprend une vis de déverrouillage, un écrou de déverrouillage et un corps de guidage de ladite vis. In one embodiment, the at least one unlocking means comprises an unlocking screw, an unlocking nut and a guide body for said screw.
Dans un mode de réalisation, l’au moins un moyen de déverrouillage comprend un vérin. In one embodiment, the at least one unlocking means comprises a jack.
L’invention concerne également un élévateur comprenant un dispositif anti chute selon l’invention. The invention also relates to an elevator comprising an anti-fall device according to the invention.
L’invention concerne également un ensemble composé d’un élévateur selon l’invention et d’une mâture d’élévateur comprenant une crémaillère, l’élévateur comportant par ailleurs au moins un pignon destiné à coopérer avec ladite crémaillère pour permettre un mouvement dudit élévateur le long de ladite crémaillère, le dispositif anti-chute de l’élévateur étant apte à coopérer avec la crémaillère. Brève description des dessins The invention also relates to an assembly composed of an elevator according to the invention and an elevator mast comprising a rack, the elevator moreover comprising at least one pinion intended to cooperate with said rack to allow movement of said elevator. along said rack, the anti-fall device of the elevator being able to cooperate with the rack. Brief description of the drawings
[Fig. 1 A] représente un élévateur mis en place sur une mâture dans une configuration dans laquelle la cabine de l’élévateur est entièrement placée sur la mâture. [Fig. 1 A] shows an elevator installed on a mast in a configuration in which the elevator cabin is entirely placed on the mast.
[Fig. 1 B] représente un élévateur mis en place sur une mâture d’élévateur dans une configuration dans laquelle la cabine est entièrement descendue en- dessous d’une altitude de l’extrémité inférieure de la mâture. [Fig. 1 B] shows an elevator installed on an elevator mast in a configuration in which the cabin is fully lowered below an altitude of the lower end of the mast.
[Fig. 2A] représente l’unité motrice de l’élévateur dans une vue avant. [Fig. 2A] shows the engine unit of the elevator in a front view.
[Fig. 2B] représente l’unité motrice de l’élévateur dans une vue arrière. [Fig. 2B] shows the engine unit of the elevator in a rear view.
[Fig. 3A] représente une vue avant du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention, mis en place sur l’élévateur, dans une configuration non enclenchée, avec capot. [Fig. 3A] shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in an unclipped configuration, with cover.
[Fig. 3B] représente une vue avant du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention, mis en place sur l’élévateur, dans une configuration transitoire d’enclenchement, sans capot. [Fig. 3B] shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in a transient engagement configuration, without cover.
[Fig. 3C] représente une vue avant du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention, mis en place sur l’élévateur, dans une configuration enclenchée, avec capot. [Fig. 3C] shows a front view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, installed on the elevator, in an engaged configuration, with cover.
[Fig. 4] représente une vue arrière du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention, dans une configuration enclenchée. [Fig. 4] shows a rear view of the fall prevention device according to the invention, in an engaged configuration.
[Fig. 5] représente une vue en perspective du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention. [Fig. 5] shows a perspective view of the fall prevention device according to the invention.
[Fig. 6] représente une vue en détail des dentures de la crémaillère et du dispositif anti-chute selon l’invention. [Fig. 6] shows a detailed view of the teeth of the rack and the fall prevention device according to the invention.
Description détaillée detailed description
En référence aux figures 1 A et 1 B, un élévateur 1 comportant une cabine 10 et une unité motrice 1 1 est mis en place sur une mâture 2 en cours de télescopage négatif. La mâture 2 est composée d’un ensemble de modules de mât 20 de section sensiblement carrée et assemblés de haut en bas. La mise en place d’un module de mât 20 sous un autre module de mât est réalisée en plaçant l’élévateur dans une position basse dans laquelle un plancher bas 100 de la cabine 10 est amené à descendre à une altitude inférieure à une extrémité inférieure 21 de la mâture en cours d’assemblage, ou de télescopage. L’extrémité inférieure 21 est suspendue, c’est-à-dire qu’elle n’est pas en contact avec le sol, une distance entre le sol et l’extrémité inférieure 21 étant globalement supérieure à une hauteur de l’élévateur. With reference to FIGS. 1 A and 1 B, an elevator 1 comprising a cabin 10 and a driving unit 1 1 is placed on a mast 2 during negative telescoping. The mast 2 is composed of a set of mast modules 20 of substantially square section and assembled from top to bottom. The installation of a mast module 20 under another mast module is carried out by placing the elevator in a low position in which a low floor 100 of the cabin 10 is caused to descend to a lower altitude at a lower end 21 of the mast during assembly, or telescoping. The lower end 21 is suspended, that is to say that it is not in contact with the ground, a distance between the ground and the lower end 21 being generally greater than a height of the elevator.
On entend par élévateur un appareil destiné à transporter des personnes ou des charges selon une direction verticale correspondant à une direction de déplacement de l’élévateur le long de la mâture. Un élévateur peut par exemple être un ascenseur ou un monte-charge. By elevator is meant an apparatus intended to transport people or loads in a vertical direction corresponding to a direction of movement of the elevator along the mast. An elevator can for example be an elevator or a freight elevator.
L’élévateur 1 est apte à évoluer le long de la mâture 2 dans un sens de montée ou dans un sens de descente, au moyen d’un système pignon-crémaillère comportant au moins un pignon 1 14 associé à l’élévateur 1 et une crémaillère 22 associée à la mâture 20. L’élévateur 1 est mis en mouvement le long de la mâture 2 par l’unité motrice 1 1 qui comporte en particulier un ensemble moteur 1 10 entraînant au moins un pignon 1 14, et un parachute 1 1 1 destiné à freiner l’élévateur en cas de survitesse. On entend par « survitesse » une vitesse de descente supérieure à une vitesse de descente nominale maximale de fonctionnement de l’élévateur. The elevator 1 is able to move along the mast 2 in a direction of ascent or in a direction of descent, by means of a rack and pinion system comprising at least one pinion 1 14 associated with the riser 1 and a rack 22 associated with the mast 20. The elevator 1 is set in motion along the mast 2 by the drive unit 1 1 which comprises in particular a motor assembly 1 10 driving at least one pinion 1 14, and a parachute 1 1 1 intended to brake the elevator in the event of overspeed. "Overspeed" means a descent speed greater than a maximum nominal descent speed of the elevator.
En référence aux figures 2A et 2B, l’unité motrice 1 1 comprend par ailleurs deux butées mécaniques 1 12 aptes à venir au contact d’une butée mécanique basse placée à quelques dizaines de centimètres de l’extrémité inférieure 21 de la mâture 2, permettant ainsi d’empêcher l’élévateur 1 de descendre trop bas, évitant ainsi une sortie de l’au moins un pignon de la crémaillère et une chute de l’élévateur. With reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B, the drive unit 1 1 also comprises two mechanical stops 1 12 capable of coming into contact with a low mechanical stop placed a few tens of centimeters from the lower end 21 of the mast 2, thus making it possible to prevent the elevator 1 from going too low, thus avoiding an exit of the at least one pinion of the rack and a fall of the elevator.
Toutefois, en cas d’absence de la butée basse, la course de l’élévateur n’est pas limitée et il y a donc un risque de chute dudit élévateur. C’est par exemple le cas lorsque la butée basse est enlevée pour mettre en place un module de mât 20 supplémentaire. However, in the absence of the bottom stop, the lift stroke is not limited and there is therefore a risk of the lift falling. This is for example the case when the bottom stop is removed to install an additional mast module 20.
Un dispositif anti-chute 3 selon l’invention permet de limiter voire d’empêcher les risques de chute en cas d’absence de butée mécanique basse. Le dispositif anti chute 3 est placé au niveau d’une partie évidée 1 15 rectangulaire d’une partie inférieure de l’unité motrice 1 1 . An anti-fall device 3 according to the invention makes it possible to limit or even prevent the risks of falling in the absence of a low mechanical stop. The fall prevention device 3 is placed at the level of a rectangular recessed part 1 15 of a lower part of the motor unit 1 1.
En référence aux figures 3A, 3B, 3C et 5, le dispositif anti-chute 3 selon l’invention comporte un bâti 30, un levier 31 , un galet 32, un taquet 33 et deux amortisseurs 34. With reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B, 3C and 5, the fall prevention device 3 according to the invention comprises a frame 30, a lever 31, a roller 32, a cleat 33 and two shock absorbers 34.
Le levier 31 est en liaison pivot 310 avec le bâti 30 autour d’un axe de liaison sensiblement perpendiculaire à une face de la mâture 2 le long de laquelle l’élévateur est amené à se déplacer. The lever 31 is in pivot connection 310 with the frame 30 around a connecting axis substantially perpendicular to a face of the mast 2 along which the elevator is caused to move.
Le galet 32 est solidaire d’une extrémité basse du levier 31 et en liaison pivot avec ledit levier, selon un axe de liaison sensiblement parallèle à l’axe de liaison de la liaison pivot 310 entre le levier 31 et le bâti 310. Le galet 32 est placé sur une face intérieure du levier 31 , ladite face intérieure correspondant à une face orientée vers la mâture, de sorte que ledit galet est apte à rouler sur une face lisse 220 de la crémaillère 22 opposée à une face dentée 221 de ladite crémaillère. The roller 32 is integral with a lower end of the lever 31 and in pivot connection with said lever, along a connecting axis substantially parallel to the connecting axis of the pivot link 310 between the lever 31 and the frame 310. The roller 32 is placed on an inner face of the lever 31, said inner face corresponding to a face oriented towards the mast, so that said roller is able to roll on a smooth face 220 of the rack 22 opposite to a toothed face 221 of said rack .
Le taquet 33 est solidaire d’une extrémité haute du levier 31 et relié audit levier par un arbre 333, et est fixe par rapport audit levier. Le taquet 33 est placé du côté de la face intérieure du levier 31 , de sorte qu’une partie dentée 334 dudit taquet est apte à coopérer avec une face dentée 221 de la crémaillère 22. Un ressort 330 de compression reliant le bâti 30 au taquet 33 exerce une force visant à rapprocher ledit taquet de la crémaillère. The cleat 33 is integral with a high end of the lever 31 and connected to said lever by a shaft 333, and is fixed relative to said lever. Cleat 33 is placed on the side of the inner face of the lever 31, so that a toothed portion 334 of said cleat is able to cooperate with a toothed face 221 of the rack 22. A compression spring 330 connecting the frame 30 to the cleat 33 exerts a force aimed at bringing the said cleat of the rack.
Un capot 331 est fixé au bâti 30 par exemple au moyen de vis. Le capot 331 présente un trou de guidage 332 sensiblement oblong permettant d’assurer un guidage de l’arbre 333 reliant le taquet 33 au levier 31 et permettre une rotation de cet ensemble autour de la liaison pivot 310. Le capot 331 contribue avec le bâti 30 à assurer un guidage du taquet 33 lorsque ledit taquet est entraîné par le levier 31 . En particulier, le capot 331 assure un guidage latéral du taquet 33. A cover 331 is fixed to the frame 30 for example by means of screws. The cover 331 has a substantially oblong guide hole 332 for guiding the shaft 333 connecting the cleat 33 to the lever 31 and allowing this assembly to rotate around the pivot link 310. The cover 331 contributes with the frame 30 in guiding the cleat 33 when said cleat is driven by the lever 31. In particular, the cover 331 provides lateral guiding of the cleat 33.
En référence à la figure 5, un chemin de guidage 335 du bâti 30 assure avec le capot 331 le guidage du taquet 33. Le chemin de guidage 335 est soudé au reste du bâti 30, et présente une section en « U ». Le chemin de guidage 335 s’étend selon une direction d’extension identique à une direction d’extension du taquet 33. Referring to Figure 5, a guide path 335 of the frame 30 ensures with the cover 331 the guiding of the cleat 33. The guide path 335 is welded to the rest of the frame 30, and has a "U" section. The guide path 335 extends in an extension direction identical to an extension direction of the cleat 33.
Le dispositif anti-chute 3 est en liaison glissière avec l’unité motrice 1 1 de l’élévateur. La liaison glissière entre ledit dispositif et ladite unité motrice autorise un mouvement relatif de translation de l’un de ces deux éléments selon un axe vertical par rapport à l’autre élément. En référence aux figures, la liaison glissière est assurée par la présence sur le bâti 310 de quatre trous oblongs 300, dans chacun desquels est inséré un pion 1 13 de l’unité motrice 1 1 . The fall prevention device 3 is in slide connection with the drive unit 11 of the elevator. The slide link between said device and said drive unit allows a relative translational movement of one of these two elements along a vertical axis relative to the other element. With reference to the figures, the slide connection is provided by the presence on the frame 310 of four oblong holes 300, in each of which is inserted a pin 1 13 of the drive unit 1 1.
Les amortisseurs 34 sont fixés sur une partie supérieure du bâti 30 du dispositif anti-chute, par des moyens de fixation, par exemple de type vis/écrou. Dans l’exemple illustré sur les figures, les amortisseurs 34 ont sensiblement une forme cylindrique. The shock absorbers 34 are fixed to an upper part of the frame 30 of the fall prevention device, by fixing means, for example of the screw / nut type. In the example illustrated in the figures, the shock absorbers 34 have a substantially cylindrical shape.
Le fonctionnement du dispositif anti-chute est détaillé ci-après. The operation of the fall prevention device is detailed below.
Dans une configuration non enclenchée du dispositif anti-chute 3, illustrée sur la figure 3A, le galet 32 est en contact avec la face lisse 220 de la crémaillère 22 et susceptible de rouler le long de cette face lisse en cas de mouvement de l’élévateur. Le moment créé par l’effort exercé par le ressort 330 sur le taquet 33, autour de l’axe de liaison de la liaison pivot 310, est compensé par le moment créé par l’effort de réaction de la crémaillère sur le galet 32 autour de ce même axe. Ainsi, le levier 31 est sensiblement immobile et le taquet 33 ne coopère pas avec la crémaillère 22, de sorte que le dispositif anti-chute 3 ne s’oppose pas à un mouvement de l’élévateur 1 et accompagne le mouvement de l’élévateur grâce au roulement du galet 32 le long de la crémaillère. In an unconnected configuration of the fall prevention device 3, illustrated in FIG. 3A, the roller 32 is in contact with the smooth face 220 of the rack 22 and capable of rolling along this smooth face in the event of movement of the elevator. The moment created by the force exerted by the spring 330 on the cleat 33, around the connecting axis of the pivot link 310, is compensated by the moment created by the reaction force of the rack on the roller 32 around of this same axis. Thus, the lever 31 is substantially stationary and the cleat 33 does not cooperate with the rack 22, so that the fall prevention device 3 does not oppose a movement of the elevator 1 and accompanies the movement of the elevator by rolling the roller 32 along the rack.
Si l’élévateur descend suffisamment, le galet 32 est amené à quitter la crémaillère, comme illustré sur la figure 3B illustrant une configuration transitoire d’enclenchement du dispositif anti-chute. Dès que le contact entre le galet et la crémaillère est interrompu, le moment créé par l’effort exercé par le ressort 330 sur le taquet 33, autour de l’axe de liaison de la liaison pivot 310, amène ledit taquet au contact de la crémaillère, de sorte que les dents de la partie dentée dudit taquet coopèrent avec la face dentée 221 de ladite crémaillère, immobilisant ainsi le dispositif anti-chute vis-à-vis de la crémaillère 22. Le dispositif anti-chute 3 est alors en configuration enclenchée. Dès lors, la descente de l’élévateur est limitée. En effet, l’élévateur peut continuer à descendre, de par la liaison glissière existant entre l’unité motrice et le dispositif anti-chute, jusqu’à ce que l’unité motrice 1 1 arrive en contact avec les amortisseurs 34 placés sur une partie supérieure du dispositif anti-chute, lesquels amortisseurs sont alors comprimés de sorte qu’ils freinent la descente de l’élévateur jusqu’à arrêt complet dudit élévateur. Une longueur des trous oblongs 300 est avantageusement égale à une longueur d’un amortisseur, de sorte que la course des pions 1 13 n’est pas limitée durant la phase de freinage de l’élévateur, ou de compression des amortisseurs, menant à l’arrêt complet de l’élévateur. If the elevator descends sufficiently, the roller 32 is caused to leave the rack, as illustrated in FIG. 3B illustrating a transient configuration of the fall arrest device. As soon as the contact between the roller and the rack is interrupted, the moment created by the force exerted by the spring 330 on the cleat 33, around the connecting axis of the pivot link 310, brings said cleat into contact with the rack, so that the teeth of the toothed part of said cleat cooperate with the toothed face 221 of said rack, thus immobilizing the fall prevention device with respect to the rack 22. The fall prevention device 3 is then in configuration engaged. Consequently, the descent of the elevator is limited. Indeed, the elevator can continue to descend, by the sliding link existing between the drive unit and the fall prevention device, until the drive unit 1 1 comes into contact with the shock absorbers 34 placed on a upper part of the fall prevention device, which shock absorbers are then compressed so that they brake the descent of the elevator until said elevator is completely stopped. A length of the oblong holes 300 is advantageously equal to a length of a shock absorber, so that the travel of the pins 1 13 is not limited during the braking phase of the elevator, or compression of the shock absorbers, leading to the '' complete lift stop.
Les dents de la crémaillère 22 et les dents du taquet 33 présentent un même angle de pression. En référence à la figure 6, un angle de pression a est défini comme étant l’angle formé par la pente des dents par rapport à une direction d’extension desdites dents, horizontale dans le cas présent. Un angle de guidage w du taquet 33, lequel angle est formé par la direction d’extension du taquet 33 avec la direction horizontale d’extension des dents du taquet, est sensiblement égal à cet angle de pression, ce qui permet d’une part un engrènement optimal entre les dents de la crémaillère 22 et les dents du taquet 33, les directions d’extension des dents restant parallèles durant le déplacement dudit taquet, et d’autre part de compenser l’effort horizontal exercé par la crémaillère sur le taquet du fait du poids de l’élévateur et la pression des dents de la crémaillère sur le taquet, évitant ainsi au taquet d’être éloigné de la crémaillère. The teeth of the rack 22 and the teeth of the cleat 33 have the same pressure angle. With reference to FIG. 6, a pressure angle a is defined as being the angle formed by the slope of the teeth relative to a direction of extension of said teeth, horizontal in this case. A guide angle w of the cleat 33, which angle is formed by the direction of extension of the cleat 33 with the horizontal direction of extension of the teeth of the cleat, is substantially equal to this pressure angle, which allows on the one hand optimal meshing between the teeth of the rack 22 and the teeth of the cleat 33, the directions of extension of the teeth remaining parallel during the movement of said cleat, and on the other hand to compensate for the horizontal force exerted by the rack on the cleat due to the weight of the elevator and the pressure of the teeth of the rack on the cleat, thus preventing the cleat from being moved away from the rack.
Un galet de contre-crémaillère 35, illustré sur la figure 2B ainsi que sur la figure 4, vient reprendre un effort de poussée exercé par le taquet 33 sur la crémaillère 22 du fait du poids de l’élévateur 1 reposant sur le dispositif anti-chute, afin d’éviter un endommagement de la crémaillère. Le galet de contre-crémaillère 35 est un galet en liaison pivot avec le bâti 30 du dispositif anti-chute, apte à rouler sur la face lisse de la crémaillère en configuration non enclenchée, et venant en appui contre la face lisse de la crémaillère en configuration enclenchée, dans laquelle il se trouve sensiblement immobilisé par rapport audit bâti. A counter-rack roller 35, illustrated in FIG. 2B as well as in FIG. 4, takes up a thrust force exerted by the cleat 33 on the rack 22 due to the weight of the elevator 1 resting on the anti-slip device. in order to avoid damage to the rack. The counter-rack roller 35 is a roller in pivot connection with the frame 30 of the fall-prevention device, capable of rolling on the smooth face of the rack in the non-engaged configuration, and coming to bear against the smooth face of the rack in configuration engaged, in which it is substantially immobilized relative to said frame.
Afin de pouvoir ramener le dispositif en configuration non enclenchée, il convient dans un premier temps de remonter légèrement l’élévateur 1 afin de décomprimer les amortisseurs 34. Le dispositif anti-chute 3 ne supporte alors plus le poids de l’élévateur 1 . In order to be able to bring the device back into the non-engaged configuration, it is first necessary to slightly raise the elevator 1 in order to decompress the shock absorbers 34. The fall prevention device 3 then no longer supports the weight of the elevator 1.
Le dispositif anti-chute 3 est ensuite déverrouillé grâce à au moins un moyen de déverrouillage comprenant un corps de guidage 36, une vis de déverrouillage 37 et un écrou de déverrouillage 38. Une fois les amortisseurs 34 décomprimés, la vis de déverrouillage 37 est insérée dans le corps de guidage 36 en forme de L formant saillie sur le bâti 30. L’écrou de verrouillage 38 est mis en place, classiquement, sur une partie filetée de la vis de déverrouillage. La vis de déverrouillage vient en butée contre le levier 31 , de sorte qu’un vissage de la vis de déverrouillage permet de contrebalancer l’action du ressort 330 sur le taquet 33 en exerçant un effort sur le levier s’opposant à l’action dudit ressort. Le taquet 33 est ainsi dégagé de la crémaillère 22 et le levier 31 est amené à pivoter de manière à placer le galet 32 en retrait de la crémaillère. Ainsi le dispositif anti-chute 3 n’est plus immobilisé relativement à la crémaillère, et ledit dispositif ainsi que l’élévateur peuvent être remontés jusqu’à ce que le galet 32 arrive à une altitude au moins égale à celle de l’extrémité inférieure 21 de la mâture 2. La vis de déverrouillage est alors dévissée, éventuellement retirée, afin de permettre au galet 32 de revenir au contact de la crémaillère, par action du ressort 330 sur le taquet, et donc sur le levier. The fall prevention device 3 is then unlocked by means of at least one unlocking means comprising a guide body 36, an unlocking screw 37 and an unlocking nut 38. Once the shock absorbers 34 are decompressed, the unlocking screw 37 is inserted in the L-shaped guide body 36 projecting from the frame 30. The locking nut 38 is conventionally placed on a threaded part of the unlocking screw. The unlocking screw abuts against the lever 31, so that a screwing of the unlocking screw makes it possible to counterbalance the action of the spring 330 on the cleat 33 by exerting a force on the lever opposing the action said spring. The stopper 33 is thus released from the rack 22 and the lever 31 is made to pivot so as to place the roller 32 set back from the rack. Thus the fall prevention device 3 is no longer immobilized relative to the rack, and said device as well as the elevator can be raised until the roller 32 arrives at an altitude at least equal to that of the lower end 21 of the mast 2. The unlocking screw is then unscrewed, possibly removed, in order to allow the roller 32 to return to contact with the rack, by the action of the spring 330 on the cleat, and therefore on the lever.
Un tel procédé de remise en configuration non enclenchée est réalisé manuellement. Such a method of resetting the configuration that is not engaged is carried out manually.
En référence à la figure 4, dans une forme de réalisation alternative, la remise en configuration non enclenchée est réalisée de manière automatique. Lors de la remontée de l’élévateur 1 à l’aide des moteurs de l’unité motrice, les amortisseurs 34 se décompriment et sous l’effet de la force verticale dirigée vers le haut et combinée à l’angle de pression et à l’angle de guidage du taquet, le taquet 33 se désengage de la crémaillère 22. Lorsque le galet 32 arrive au contact de l’extrémité inférieure de la crémaillère, correspondant sensiblement en altitude à celle de l’extrémité inférieure 21 de la mâture 2, les dents de la crémaillère 22 et du taquet 33 sont en contact à leurs sommets. Le dégagement du taquet de la crémaillère a permis de faire pivoter le levier 31 de sorte qu’un axe de rotation du galet 32, correspondant à son axe de liaison pivot, est placé en retrait de la face lisse, comme illustré sur la figure 4. De cette manière, lorsque l’élévateur poursuit sa montée, un effort est appliqué par la crémaillère sur le galet permettant au levier de pivoter légèrement pour permettre audit galet de s’engager sur la face lisse de la crémaillère, pour ramener le dispositif anti-chute 3 dans sa configuration non enclenchée. Il convient de remarquer qu’une longueur du levier 31 et un diamètre du galet 32 doivent être adaptés pour que ledit galet soit en contact avec l’extrémité inférieure de la crémaillère au moment où le taquet et ladite crémaillère sont presque entièrement dégagés l’un de l’autre et en contact uniquement par les sommets des dents. La longueur du levier 31 détermine la position horizontale et verticale de l’axe de rotation du galet 32. Cet axe doit être éloigné horizontalement du plan passant par la face lisse de la crémaillère 22, vers l’extérieur de la crémaillère 22. Dans l’exemple illustré, l’axe de rotation est à une distance de 1 1 mm, dans un plan horizontal, de la face lisse de la crémaillère 22. La position verticale est liée au diamètre du galet lequel doit être suffisant pour entrer en contact avec une arête basse de la face lisse de la crémaillère lors de la montée, et autoriser un jeu entre le galet et ladite arête basse lorsque les dents de la crémaillère 22 et du taquet 33 sont en contact par leurs sommets, un tel jeu permettant d’éviter un endommagement du dispositif anti-chute voire de l’élévateur lors de la remise en configuration non enclenchée. Dans l’exemple illustré, le diamètre du galet 32 est de 70mm. With reference to FIG. 4, in an alternative embodiment, the resetting in configuration not engaged is carried out automatically. When raising the elevator 1 using the motors of the drive unit, the shock absorbers 34 decompress and under the effect of the vertical force directed upwards and combined with the pressure angle and the guiding angle of the cleat, the cleat 33 disengages from the rack 22. When the roller 32 comes into contact with the lower end of the rack, corresponding substantially in altitude to that of the lower end 21 of the mast 2, the teeth of the rack 22 and the cleat 33 are in contact at their peaks. The release of the rack stopper made it possible to pivot the lever 31 so that an axis of rotation of the roller 32, corresponding to its pivot connection axis, is placed back from the smooth face, as illustrated in FIG. 4 In this way, when the elevator continues to climb, a force is applied by the rack to the roller allowing the lever to pivot slightly to allow said roller to engage on the smooth face of the rack, to bring the anti device fall 3 in its configuration not engaged. It should be noted that a length of the lever 31 and a diameter of the roller 32 must be adapted so that said roller is in contact with the lower end of the rack when the cleat and said rack are almost entirely released from each other and in contact only by the tops of the teeth. The length of the lever 31 determines the horizontal and vertical position of the axis of rotation of the roller 32. This axis must be horizontally distant from the plane passing through the smooth face of the rack 22, towards the outside of the rack 22. In the illustrated example, the axis of rotation is at a distance of 1 1 mm, in a horizontal plane, from the smooth face of the rack 22. The vertical position is linked to the diameter of the roller which must be sufficient to come into contact with a low edge of the smooth face of the rack during the rise, and allow a clearance between the roller and said low edge when the teeth of the rack 22 and of the cleat 33 are in contact by their vertices, such a clearance allowing avoid damage to the fall prevention device or even to the lift when the configuration is not engaged. In the example illustrated, the diameter of the roller 32 is 70mm.
Bien entendu, l’invention n’est pas limitée aux seules formes de réalisation décrites ici. Par exemple, le nombre d’amortisseurs 34 ainsi que leurs caractéristiques mécaniques peuvent varier, en particulier ces amortisseurs sont dimensionnés en fonction du poids à amortir et de la vitesse d’impact. Of course, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described here. For example, the number of shock absorbers 34 as well as their mechanical characteristics may vary, in particular these shock absorbers are dimensioned as a function of the weight to be damped and the impact speed.
De la même manière, d’autres moyens de déverrouillage peuvent être envisagés, par un exemple un vérin. Likewise, other unlocking means can be envisaged, for example a jack.
L’invention trouve une application particulière dans le domaine des élévateurs utilisés en descenderie. On appelle « descenderie » une galerie ou un puits vertical qui permet l’accès aux travaux miniers. The invention finds particular application in the field of elevators used in descents. A gallery or vertical shaft that allows access to mining works is called a "chute".

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Dispositif anti-chute (3) apte à passer d’une configuration non enclenchée à une configuration enclenchée pour prévenir la chute d’un élévateur (1 ) apte à être mis en mouvement le long d’une crémaillère (22) d’une mâture (2) d’élévateur, ledit dispositif anti-chute étant caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte un bâti (30), un levier (31 ), un galet (32) en liaison pivot avec ledit levier et fixé à une première extrémité dudit levier, ledit galet étant apte à rouler sur une face lisse (220) de la crémaillère (22) ,un taquet (33) fixé à une seconde extrémité dudit levier, ledit taquet comportant une partie dentée (334) apte à coopérer avec une face dentée (221 ) de la crémaillère (22) et étant relié au bâti au moyen d’un ressort (330) de compression, et au moins un amortisseur (34) disposé sur une partie supérieure dudit dispositif anti-chute, ledit dispositif anti-chute étant en outre caractérisé en ce qu’il est en liaison glissière avec ledit élévateur. 1. Anti-fall device (3) able to pass from an unlatched configuration to an engaged configuration to prevent the fall of an elevator (1) capable of being set in motion along a rack (22) of an elevator mast (2), said fall prevention device being characterized in that it comprises a frame (30), a lever (31), a roller (32) in pivot connection with said lever and fixed to a first end of said lever, said roller being able to roll on a smooth face (220) of the rack (22), a cleat (33) fixed to a second end of said lever, said cleat comprising a toothed part (334) capable of cooperating with a toothed face (221) of the rack (22) and being connected to the frame by means of a compression spring (330), and at least one damper (34) arranged on an upper part of said fall prevention device, said device anti-fall being further characterized in that it is in slide connection with said elevator.
2. Dispositif anti-chute (3) selon la revendication 1 caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte un galet de contre-crémaillère (35), ledit galet de contre-crémaillère étant apte à rouler le long de la face lisse en configuration non enclenchée et étant apte à venir en appui sur ladite face lisse en configuration enclenchée. 2. Anti-fall device (3) according to claim 1 characterized in that it comprises a counter-rack roller (35), said counter-rack roller being able to roll along the smooth face in the non-engaged configuration. and being able to come to bear on said smooth face in the engaged configuration.
3. Dispositif anti-chute (3) selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2 caractérisé en ce qu’une denture de la partie dentée (334) du taquet (33) et une denture de la face dentée (221 ) de la crémaillère (22) présentent un même angle de pression (a), lequel angle de pression est égal à un angle de guidage (w) du taquet (33) formé par une direction d’extension du taquet (33) avec une direction d’extension des dents dudit taquet. 3. Anti-fall device (3) according to claim 1 or claim 2 characterized in that a toothing of the toothed part (334) of the cleat (33) and a toothing of the toothed face (221) of the rack ( 22) have the same pressure angle (a), which pressure angle is equal to a guide angle (w) of the cleat (33) formed by an extension direction of the cleat (33) with a direction of extension of the teeth of said cleat.
4. Dispositif anti-chute (3) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes caractérisé en ce qu’il comporte au moins un moyen de déverrouillage pour permettre le passage dudit dispositif anti-chute de la configuration enclenchée à la configuration non enclenchée. 4. Anti-fall device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one unlocking means to allow the passage of said anti-fall device from the engaged configuration to the non-engaged configuration.
5. Dispositif anti-chute (3) selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que l’au moins un moyen de déverrouillage comprend une vis de déverrouillage (37), un écrou de déverrouillage (38) et un corps de guidage (36) de ladite vis. 5. Anti-fall device (3) according to claim 4 characterized in that the at least one unlocking means comprises an unlocking screw (37), an unlocking nut (38) and a guide body (36) of said screw.
6. Dispositif anti-chute (3) selon la revendication 4 caractérisé en ce que l’au moins un moyen de déverrouillage comprend un vérin. 6. Anti-fall device (3) according to claim 4 characterized in that the at least one unlocking means comprises a jack.
7. Elévateur (1 ) comprenant un dispositif anti-chute (3) selon l’une quelconque des revendications précédentes. 7. Elevator (1) comprising an anti-fall device (3) according to any one of the preceding claims.
8. Ensemble composé d’un élévateur (1 ) selon la revendication 7 et d’une mâture (2) d’élévateur comprenant une crémaillère (22), l’élévateur (1 ) comportant par ailleurs au moins un pignon (1 14) destiné à coopérer avec ladite crémaillère pour permettre un mouvement dudit élévateur le long de ladite crémaillère, le dispositif anti-chute (3) de l’élévateur (1 ) étant apte à coopérer avec la crémaillère (22). 8. An assembly comprising an elevator (1) according to claim 7 and an elevator mast (2) comprising a rack (22), the elevator (1) further comprising at least one pinion (1 14) intended to cooperate with said rack to allow movement of said elevator along said rack, the fall prevention device (3) of the elevator (1) being able to cooperate with the rack (22).
EP19824316.4A 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Fall-prevention device for motor-driven rack and pinion elevator Active EP3898482B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1873852A FR3090610B1 (en) 2018-12-21 2018-12-21 Anti-fall device for motorized lift with rack and pinion drive
PCT/EP2019/086069 WO2020127567A1 (en) 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Fall-prevention device for motor-driven rack and pinion elevator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3898482A1 true EP3898482A1 (en) 2021-10-27
EP3898482B1 EP3898482B1 (en) 2022-08-24

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19824316.4A Active EP3898482B1 (en) 2018-12-21 2019-12-18 Fall-prevention device for motor-driven rack and pinion elevator

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3898482B1 (en)
AU (1) AU2019410026A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2930345T3 (en)
FR (1) FR3090610B1 (en)
PL (1) PL3898482T3 (en)
PT (1) PT3898482T (en)
WO (1) WO2020127567A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US206283A (en) * 1878-07-23 Improvement in elevators
JPH0754222Y2 (en) * 1989-06-30 1995-12-13 三和テッキ株式会社 Elevator dropout prevention device
BRPI0416606B1 (en) 2004-05-25 2015-08-18 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Safety device for an elevator
CN103523630B (en) 2013-10-30 2016-02-24 成都市第二建筑工程公司 Construction lifter cage roof fall safety caging device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3898482T (en) 2022-11-25
AU2019410026A1 (en) 2021-08-12
EP3898482B1 (en) 2022-08-24
FR3090610A1 (en) 2020-06-26
PL3898482T3 (en) 2023-02-13
ES2930345T3 (en) 2022-12-12
FR3090610B1 (en) 2021-08-13
WO2020127567A1 (en) 2020-06-25

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