EP3892789B1 - Système de coffrage - Google Patents
Système de coffrage Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP3892789B1 EP3892789B1 EP21157789.5A EP21157789A EP3892789B1 EP 3892789 B1 EP3892789 B1 EP 3892789B1 EP 21157789 A EP21157789 A EP 21157789A EP 3892789 B1 EP3892789 B1 EP 3892789B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- return region
- formwork
- bracket
- reinforcement
- reinforcement layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims description 158
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 113
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 96
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009416 shuttering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003351 stiffener Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/166—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in different directions
- E04C5/167—Connection by means of clips or other resilient elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/66—Sealings
- E04B1/68—Sealings of joints, e.g. expansion joints
- E04B1/6806—Waterstops
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C5/00—Reinforcing elements, e.g. for concrete; Auxiliary elements therefor
- E04C5/16—Auxiliary parts for reinforcements, e.g. connectors, spacers, stirrups
- E04C5/162—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements
- E04C5/166—Connectors or means for connecting parts for reinforcements the reinforcements running in different directions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/17—Floor structures partly formed in situ
- E04B2005/173—Floor structures partly formed in situ with permanent forms for the floor edges
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B2005/322—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with permanent forms for the floor edges
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a formwork system for concrete construction.
- Concrete structures such as floor/ceiling slabs are often concreted in several sections. Reasons for this are, for example, the amount of concrete required or a break in work between the pouring of the individual sections.
- the formwork elements used for this are usually made of steel and have larger dimensions, which leads to a high weight and corresponding difficulties when used on the construction site.
- a formwork element in which the bars of the latticework forming the formwork girder are arranged on both surfaces of an intermediate metal panel and are welded thereto.
- the formwork element results in improved anchoring and reinforcement in the concrete and is particularly suitable for shuttering connecting surfaces to which another concrete section is to be connected later.
- one of the EP 1 132 545 A2 known formwork material can be used.
- This formwork material consists of a sheet of expanded metal and transverse and longitudinal stiffening elements on both sides of the sheet. The stiffeners are welded together at the crossing points through the panel. It is also possible that from the EP 507 054 A1 to provide known formwork element with additional stiffening elements.
- DE 20 2008 015 883 U1 describes a formwork with back-anchoring device.
- the back-anchoring device has a tension strut connected both to the formwork wall and to the base.
- the tension strut is connected to the base and/or to the formwork wall via a hook connection containing a flexible loop element.
- a disadvantage of this system is the time-consuming attachment of the tension strut, particularly to the lower reinforcement layer.
- the looping of the rebars with the flexible loop element proves to be quite complex and difficult to carry out in practice.
- the tension strut has, at its end adjacent to the reinforcement layer, a loop-hook element with a loop turning area at the end.
- the loop-hook element is hooked around a reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer and fixed with a safety bolt inserted between the reinforcement bar and the loop reversal area.
- the attachment of the loop-hook element poses a problem, which sometimes leads to time-consuming assembly work.
- the object of the invention is to provide a formwork that can be connected easily and quickly to the reinforcement of the concrete structure and is nevertheless securely fixed to the reinforcement.
- the formwork system according to the invention for concrete construction comprises a formwork element and at least one back-anchoring system, the formwork element comprising a flat formwork part which, when installed, is oriented essentially perpendicularly to a reinforcement layer.
- the tie-back system includes a tie-back loop and either a first and second securing pin or a first securing pin and a fixation hook. When installed, the rear anchoring bracket encompasses a reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer.
- the back-anchoring bracket has at least: a first reversal area, with the first reversal area being arranged in the vertical direction above the reinforcing bar of the reinforcing layer in the installed state; a second and a sixth reversal area, with the second and the sixth reversal area being arranged in the vertical direction below the reinforcing bar of the reinforcing layer in the installed state.
- Either the second and the sixth reversal area are in contact with the second safety bolt, with the second safety bolt being inserted in the installed state between the second and sixth reversal area of the back-anchoring bracket and the reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer and thus securing the back-anchoring bracket in its position, or the second or the sixth reversal area is in contact with the fixing hook, with the fixing hook embracing a reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer and thus securing the back-anchoring bracket in its position.
- the back-anchoring bracket also has at least: a third and a fifth reversal area, with at least a part of the third and a part of the fifth reversal area being arranged in the vertical direction below the rebar of the reinforcement layer in the installed state, and the third and the fifth reversal area being arranged with the first safety bolt are in contact, the first safety bolt being inserted in the installed state between the third and the fifth reversal area of the back-anchoring bracket and the rebar of the reinforcement layer; and a fourth inversion area, wherein in the installed state the fourth inversion area is arranged in the vertical direction above the reinforcing bar of the reinforcing layer and the fourth inversion area is in contact with the reinforcing bar of the reinforcing layer.
- the formwork element has at least one recess and when installed, the rear anchoring bracket engages at least with its first reversal area in the recess of the formwork element, wherein the rear anchoring bracket comes into operative connection with the formwork element in such a way that the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- the term "encompass” is understood to mean a partial enclosing.
- the rear anchoring bracket encloses a reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer when installed, then this does not mean that the rear anchoring bracket completely encloses the reinforcement bar like a ring. Rather, the back-anchoring bracket is placed with one of its reversal areas on the reinforcing bar and thus only partially encompasses it.
- a “reversal area” is understood to mean a section in which the rear anchor bracket is bent, that is to say changes direction over its course.
- the tie-back stirrup of the present invention can be easily manufactured from a steel bar such as black steel bar or rebar.
- the steel rod is first bent into a circular ring and the ends are welded together.
- the ring is given an oval shape, as a result of which the first 8.1 and the fourth 8.4 reversal area are formed.
- This oval ring is bent a second time in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the ring, forming the second 8.2 and sixth 8.6 turnaround area.
- a third bending process again perpendicular to the plane of the ring but spaced apart from the plane of the second bending, forms the third 8.3 and the fifth 8.5 reversal area and the back anchor bracket receives its in the figure 2 shown shape.
- both the first and the second safety bolt can be equipped with an eyelet and can be inseparably connected to the rear anchor bracket with the aid of this eyelet.
- the production of such a rear anchoring bracket with safety bolts attached to it can basically be done in two ways. First, as described above, a rear anchoring bracket can be formed and then the eyelet of the safety bolt or bolts can be formed by welding with the rear anchoring bracket passed through the eyelet. It is also possible to first attach an eyelet to each of the safety bolts and then to form the back-anchoring bracket as described above, with the steel rod used to produce the back-anchoring bracket being guided through the eyelets of the safety bolts. In terms of manufacturing technology, the production of the back-anchoring bracket in a first step and the subsequent welding of the eyelet to the safety bolt with the back-anchoring bracket guided in it is less problematic.
- the formwork system according to the invention does not require any suspension, but nevertheless provides a formwork which is extremely securely and permanently secured in its position.
- the entire structure is very easy to accomplish and requires a significantly reduced amount of work, especially compared to the usual welding processes for fastening a suspension.
- Attaching the back anchor bracket to the reinforcement layer requires significantly less work and time than welding the suspension to the reinforcement and the formwork element.
- the formwork system according to the invention therefore provides a formwork that is easy to handle and inexpensive.
- the back-anchoring bracket is a somewhat bulky, easy-to-handle part that can simply be placed on a rebar of the lower reinforcement layer, even when space is limited. Overall, the formwork system can be set up and fixed with comparatively little effort and is therefore relatively inexpensive to use.
- the curvatures of the reversal areas of the back-anchoring bracket are adapted to the dimensioning of the reinforcement.
- the larger the diameter of the reinforcing bar on which the rear anchoring bracket is placed the larger the radius of curvature of the first and fourth reversal areas.
- the third and the fifth reversal area advantageously have a similar or identical radius of curvature because this makes it easier to insert the safety bolt.
- the third and the fifth reversal area are spaced essentially the same distance from the rebar after the fourth reversal area has been placed on the reinforcing bar.
- the rear anchor bracket has a plane of symmetry which intersects the first and fourth reversal area and maps the third and fifth reversal area to one another, as well as the second and sixth reversal area.
- the safety bolt can be inserted particularly easily between the reinforcing bar and the third and fifth reversal area.
- the stirrup is attached under tension to the reinforcement in the area of the second and sixth inversion areas.
- a second safety bolt is used or a fixing hook is provided.
- either the second and the sixth reversal area are then in contact with the second safety bolt, the second safety bolt being inserted between the second and sixth reversal area of the back-anchoring bracket and the rebar of the reinforcement layer and thus the Secures back anchor bracket in position.
- either the second or the sixth reversal area is in contact with the fixing hook, with the fixing hook encompassing a reinforcement bar of the reinforcement layer and thus securing the back-anchoring bracket in its position.
- the first step is to place the rear anchor bracket on a rebar of the lower reinforcement layer in such a way that the fourth reversal area rests on the rebar and the third and fifth reversal areas are arranged vertically below the rebar. Then, the first safety bolt is inserted through the gap formed by the reinforcing bar on which the back anchorage bar is laid and the third and fifth inverted portions of the back anchorage bar located below the reinforcing bar in the vertical direction.
- the tieback bar Because the tieback bar is under tension, it tries to move up against the previously applied pressure, but this is prevented by the safety pin. Due to this restoring force, the rear anchoring bar exerts an upwardly oriented compressive force on the safety bolt in the area of its second and sixth reversal area, which in turn transfers this compressive force to the reinforcing bar on which the rear anchoring bar was placed. In this case, when installed, the second and the sixth reversal area are in contact with the second safety bolt and the rear anchor bracket is secured in its position.
- a fixing hook is hooked into a rebar of the lower reinforcement layer, this rebar being located in the vertical direction below the rebar on which the rear anchoring bracket was placed with its fourth reversal area. Since the back anchor bracket is also under tension in this case, it tries to move upwards against the pressure previously exerted to move, but this is prevented by the fixing hook. Due to this restoring force, the rear anchor bracket exerts an upwardly oriented tensile force on the fixing hook.
- the fixation hook is located in the area of the second or the sixth reversal area of the back-anchoring bracket, which is why the force is transmitted from the back-anchoring bracket to the fixing hook in this area.
- the fixing hook transfers the tensile force to the rebar into which it is hooked. In this case, when installed, the second or the sixth reversal area is in contact with the fixing hook and the rear anchor bracket is secured in its position.
- the rear anchoring bracket In this state, the rear anchoring bracket is securely fixed to the reinforcement. In its section lying between the second and the sixth reversal area, the rear anchoring bracket protrudes in the vertical direction upwards beyond the reinforcement layer.
- This section protruding from the lower reinforcement layer comprises the first reversal area of the rear anchor bracket and is preferably oriented essentially perpendicularly to the reinforcement layer.
- the recess of the formwork element which is described in more detail below, is preferably designed such that after the section of the rear anchorage bracket that encompasses the first reversal area of the rear anchorage bracket has been pushed into the recess, the formwork element is aligned essentially perpendicularly to the reinforcement layer .
- orientations of the formwork element to the reinforcement layer that deviate from the vertical are also conceivable, but this is known to occur much less frequently in practice.
- the formwork element has at least one recess into which the back-anchoring bracket engages at least with its first reversal area when installed.
- the back-anchoring bracket comes into operative connection with the formwork element in such a way that the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- the recess provided on the formwork element can, in principle, be configured in any way whatsoever. It only has to fulfill the condition that the rear anchoring bracket can be pushed or plugged into the recess with its section encompassing the first reversal area and thus enters into an operative connection with it, by which the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- the back anchor bracket can be attached to the lower reinforcement layer in just a few simple steps.
- the formwork element needs only from above on the to be clipped onto the stop provided on the back anchor bracket and is immediately securely, firmly and permanently fixed in position.
- the back-anchoring bracket is preferably a closed steel wire loop.
- Steel wire is an inexpensive raw product that is always readily available, which also enables the above-described uncomplicated production of the back-anchoring bracket in its desired shape.
- the first and/or the second safety bolt are preferably formed by a reinforcing steel bar.
- steel wire is an inexpensive raw product that is always readily available and can be processed in a simple manner to produce a suitable safety bolt.
- the first and/or the second safety bolt particularly preferably has an eyelet, with the back-anchoring bracket being guided through the eyelet or through the eyelets.
- the safety bolt is inseparably connected to the back anchor bracket. After placing the back-anchoring bracket on the rebar, the safety bolt is immediately at hand and can be inserted between the rebar and the third and fifth reversal areas of the back-anchoring bracket located vertically below the rebar. The same applies to the above-described fixation of the back-anchoring bracket under tension by inserting the second safety bolt between the reinforcing bar and the second and sixth reversal areas of the back-anchoring bracket located vertically below the reinforcing bar.
- the first and/or the second safety bolt is/are designed as a terminal section of a bracket element.
- a substantially U-shaped bracket element with a shorter leg forming the safety bolt and a longer leg serving as a handle for the user allows each of the two safety bolts to be placed between the reinforcing bar and those located vertically below the reinforcing bar in a particularly simple manner Reversal areas of the back anchor bracket are inserted.
- the fixing hook particularly preferably has an eyelet, with the back-anchoring bracket being guided through the eyelet.
- the fixing hook is inseparably connected to the back anchor bracket.
- the formwork system according to the invention is described below in connection with the erection of a floor/ceiling slab, the formwork system can also be used in connection with wall-floor/ceiling joints and wall-wall joints.
- the flat formwork part has openings.
- the openings in the flat formwork part are advantageously chosen large enough on the one hand to ensure a durable and permanent connection of the concrete of the two adjacent concreting sections, but on the other hand are not so large that the concrete of the first concreting section can flow through the openings.
- the flat formwork part consists of a metal grid made up of transverse and longitudinal bars and a sheet of expanded metal connected to the bars of the metal grid, the sheet of expanded metal being arranged between the transverse and longitudinal bars of the metal grid.
- the transverse bars of the metal grid are preferably welded to the longitudinal bars of the metal grid at their crossing points.
- the thickness of the transverse and longitudinal bars of the metal grid and the distance between the transverse and longitudinal bars can be optimized. The higher the concrete pressure to be expected on the formwork element, the thicker the individual bars must be dimensioned or the smaller the distance between the transverse and longitudinal bars of the metal grid must be used.
- the ones from the EP 507 054 A1 known formwork elements combine various favorable properties in this context.
- the formwork element preferably comprises at least two longitudinal rods as additional stiffening elements on the rear side of the flat formwork part.
- the stability and rigidity of the formwork element is increased by the longitudinal rods.
- the formwork element preferably comprises a lattice girder fastened to the back of the flat formwork part as a further stiffening element.
- a lattice girder further increases the stability and rigidity of the formwork element.
- the formwork element has at least two recesses, namely a first one Recess and a second recess, wherein the two recesses are arranged in alignment one above the other in the vertical direction.
- the back-anchoring bracket engages at least with its first reversal area in the two recesses of the formwork element and is operatively connected to the formwork element in such a way that the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- the stability of the fixing of the formwork element is significantly improved by the insertion of the rear anchoring bracket into two recesses of the formwork element arranged one above the other.
- the forces acting on the formwork element during the concreting process can be better transferred to the rear anchorage bracket and from there to the reinforcement layer via the enlarged contact surface between the formwork element and rear anchorage bracket.
- the recess provided on the formwork element or the recesses provided on the formwork element can, in principle, have any desired configuration. Only the condition must be met that the rear anchoring bracket can be pushed or plugged into the recess(es) with its section encompassing the first reversal area and thus enters into an operative connection through which the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- a first curved rod which is fastened to a first transverse rod of the formwork element and runs essentially parallel to the first transverse rod, is preferably provided, with the first recess being formed between the first transverse rod and the first curved rod.
- a second curved rod which is fastened to a second transverse rod of the formwork element and runs essentially parallel to the second transverse rod, is provided, with the second recess being formed between the second transverse rod and the second curved rod.
- slightly curved reinforcement rods so-called hat brackets, are welded to the transverse rods of the formwork element in order to realize these embodiments.
- the section of the back-anchoring bracket encompassing the first reversal area is pushed into the resulting narrow slit between the formwork element and the top-hat bracket, and the formwork element as a whole is pushed onto the back-anchoring bracket.
- recesses arranged one above the other lead to improved stability of the formwork element.
- recesses arranged next to one another in the horizontal direction can also be provided on the formwork element.
- a corresponding number of back-anchoring stirrups are fixed next to each other on different reinforcement bars of the lower reinforcement layer.
- the formwork element can now open several rear anchoring brackets can be attached.
- the horizontal spacing of the recesses is flexible and decreases as the concrete pressure increases.
- the recesses are formed over the entire length of the formwork element in order to be able to freely position the position of the back anchoring system and to be able to comply with on-site constraint points. This ensures a further improved secure fixing of the formwork element.
- the recess is particularly preferably arranged in the region of the lower edge of the formwork element, ie adjacent to the lower reinforcement layer. In this way, a particularly secure fixing of the formwork element is achieved.
- the second recess is particularly preferably located at a maximum vertical distance of 150 mm from the first recess.
- the section of the rear-anchoring bracket which includes the first reversal area, is pushed into both recesses and thus enters into an operative connection with the formwork element, as a result of which the formwork element is securely fixed in its position.
- the rear-anchoring bracket has a seventh and an eighth reversal area.
- the seventh reversal area is arranged between the second reversal area and the third reversal area, and the eighth reversal area is arranged between the fifth reversal area and the sixth reversal area.
- the seventh and eighth reversal area is arranged in the vertical direction above the rebar of the reinforcement layer. Due to these two additional reversal areas, the back-anchoring bracket has a further bend, which means that the back-anchoring bracket can also be installed securely and firmly when the top layer of rebars of the lower reinforcement layer is oriented parallel to the formwork element. In this case, the tie-back stirrup must be fastened in the second layer, seen from above, to rebars running perpendicular to the formwork element.
- the flat formwork part which is aligned essentially perpendicularly to the reinforcement layer in the installed state, separates a first concrete section from a second concrete section.
- Particular advantages result if the at least one recess or the at least two recesses of the formwork element are arranged in the second concreting section.
- the rear-anchoring bracket pushed into the recess(es) with its section encompassing the first reversal area in this case encompasses the formwork part and supports it on its rear side facing away from the first concreting section.
- the formwork part can thus withstand the pressure exerted by the concrete of the first concreting section even better.
- the figure 1 shows a vertical section through a floor slab. Shown are the lower reinforcement layer 6, the upper reinforcement layer 16, a formwork element 1 and a rear anchoring bracket 8.
- the formwork element 1 comprises a flat formwork part 3 with a front side facing the first concrete section BA1 and a rear side facing the second concrete section BA2.
- the flat formwork part 3 consists of a metal grid made up of transverse 14 and longitudinal bars 15 and a panel 17 made of expanded metal connected to the bars of the metal grid (see Fig Figure 6B ).
- structural steel rods can be used as transverse and longitudinal rods, such as are also used for reinforcement mats or the like.
- the sheet 17 of expanded metal is placed between the transverse 14 and longitudinal 15 bars of the metal mesh.
- a lattice girder 19 is attached to the back of the flat formwork part 3 as an additional stiffening element.
- the rear anchoring bracket 8 is also shown, which is fastened to the lower reinforcement layer 6 with the aid of a first 5.1 and a second 5.2 safety bolt. Also visible is the section of the rear anchoring bracket 8 running in the vertical direction parallel to the flat formwork part 3, which is inserted into the at least one recess arranged on the rear side of the formwork element 1 facing the second concreting section BA2.
- the recess of the formwork element 1 is in the figure 1 not shown, but will be explained in more detail below.
- the figure 2 shows a back anchoring system 2 comprising a back anchoring bracket 8, a first safety bolt 5.1 and a fixing hook 4.
- the back anchoring bracket 8 designed in the form of a closed steel wire loop, comprises a first reversal area 8.1, a second reversal area 8.2, a third reversal area 8.3, a fourth reversal area 8.4, a fifth reversal area 8.5 and a sixth reversal area 8.6.
- the curvatures of the reversal areas 8.1, 8.4 of the rear anchorage bracket are adapted to the dimensioning of the reinforcement such that the distance between the second reversal area 8.2 and the sixth reversal area 8.6 and the distance between the third reversal area 8.3 and the fifth reversal area 8.5 corresponds approximately to the diameter of the reinforcing bar on which , as will be explained in more detail below, the rear anchor bracket 8 is placed.
- the second 8.2 and the sixth 8.6 reversal area and the third 8.3 and the fifth 8.5 reversal area have identical radii of curvature, which is why the rear anchorage bracket 8 has a plane of symmetry which intersects the first 8.1 and fourth 8.4 reversal area and the second 8.2 and sixth 8.6 reversal area and the third 8.3 and fifth 8.5 reversal area respectively mapped to each other.
- the first securing bolt 5.1 formed from a reinforcing steel bar, is equipped with an eyelet 12 (see also figure 3 ), through which the rear anchor bracket 8 is guided.
- First safety bolt 5.1 and rear anchor bracket 8 are inextricably linked.
- the fixing hook 4 is also formed from a reinforcing steel bar and is equipped with an eyelet 13 through which the back-anchoring bracket 8 is guided. Fixation hook 4 and rear anchor bracket 8 are inextricably linked.
- the lower layer of reinforcement 6 is shown in the form of four layers of rebars, the individual layers of rebars each consisting of rebars running substantially parallel to one another, but the rebars of successive layers being substantially perpendicular to the rebars of the layer below or above rebars are oriented.
- the entire reinforcement layer can also be made up of reinforcement mats in the usual way.
- the rear anchoring bracket 8 is first placed on the rebar 22 of the lower reinforcement layer 6 in such a way that the fourth 8.4 reversal area rests on the rebar 22 and the third 8.3 and fifth 8.5 reversal area are arranged vertically below the reinforcing bar 22.
- the curvature of the fourth reversal area 8.4 of the rear anchor bracket 8 is adapted to the dimensioning of the reinforcement. After placing the rear anchor bracket 8 on the rebar 22, the first safety bolt is 5.1 through the gap between the rebar 22, on which the Back anchor bracket 8 is placed, and the third 8.3 and fifth 8.5 reversal area of the back anchor bracket 8, which are located in the vertical direction below the reinforcing bar 22, form plugged.
- the situation with the first safety bolt 5.1 inserted is in the Figure 4A shown.
- the Figure 4A shows the installation step in which, in the area of the first reversal area 8.1 of the rear anchoring bracket 8, a pressure D oriented in the direction of the lower, horizontally arranged reinforcement layer 6 is exerted on the rear anchoring bracket 8.
- This pressure D is exerted and with such a force until the second 8.2 and the sixth 8.6 reversal area are arranged in the vertical direction below the reinforcement bar 22 of the reinforcement layer 6 .
- the rear anchoring bracket 8 was placed on the reinforcing bar 22 with its fourth reversal area 8.4. In this state, the rear anchor bracket 8 is fixed to the lower reinforcement layer 6 under tension.
- FIG 5 shows an installation situation analogous to Figure 4B .
- the rear anchor bracket 8 is fixed to the lower reinforcement layer 6 under tension.
- the rear anchoring bracket 8 was placed on the reinforcing bar 22 with its fourth reversal area 8.4.
- the first safety bolt 5.1 was then inserted through the space formed by the reinforcing bar 22 and the third 8.3 and fifth 8.5 reversal area of the rear anchor bracket 8.
- a pressure oriented in the direction of the lower, horizontally arranged reinforcement layer 6 was exerted on the rear anchoring bracket 8.
- a second safety bolt 5.2 is used to tension the lower reinforcement layer 6.
- the firm, safe and permanent anchoring of the rear anchor bracket 8 to the lower reinforcement layer 6 can be seen immediately.
- the second securing bolt 5.2 is designed as the terminal section of a bracket element 18.
- the essentially U-shaped bracket element 18 has a shorter leg forming the second safety bolt 5.2 and a longer leg serving as a handle for the user.
- the user can grip the longer leg of the stirrup element 18 and insert the shorter leg between the reinforcing bar 22, on which the rear anchoring stirrup 8 is placed, and the second 8.2 and sixth 8.6 reversal area of the rear anchoring stirrup 8 located vertically below the reinforcing bar 22.
- the shorter leg now forms the second safety bolt 5.2 and assumes its function.
- the Figure 6A shows an enlarged representation of the formwork element 1.
- the formwork element 1 has a flat formwork part 3, which consists of a metal grid made up of transverse 14 and longitudinal bars 15 and a panel 17 made of expanded metal connected to the bars of the metal grid (see Figure 6B ).
- the sheet 17 of expanded metal is placed between the transverse 14 and longitudinal 15 bars of the metal mesh.
- a first curved rod 23.1 which is fastened to a first transverse rod 14.1 of the formwork element 1 and runs essentially parallel to the first transverse rod 14.1, can be seen.
- the first recess 20 is formed between the first transverse bar 14.1 and the first curved bar 23.1.
- the bar 23.1 is a reinforcing bar in the form of a hat bracket, which was welded to the crossbar 14.1 of the formwork element 1.
- a second curved rod 23.2 which is fastened to the second transverse rod 14.2 of the formwork element 1 and runs essentially parallel to the second transverse rod 14.2.
- the second recess 21 is formed between the second transverse bar 14.2 and the second curved bar 23.2.
- the second bar 23.2 is also a reinforcing bar in the form of a hat bracket, which was welded to the transverse bar 14.2 of the formwork element 1.
- FIG. 6B shows an enlarged view of the rear anchor bracket 8 fastened to the reinforcement layer 6 with the formwork element 1 fastened to it.
- the rear anchor bracket 8 its fourth reversal area 8.4 resting on the reinforcing bar 22, and the first safety bolt 5.1.
- the first reversal area 8.1 In the area of the flat formwork part 3 is the first reversal area 8.1, in the vertical direction recognizable section of the rear anchor bracket 8 protruding upwards over the reinforcement layer 6 .
- This section of the rear anchor bracket 8, which protrudes upwards beyond the reinforcement layer 6, is pushed into the two narrow slots between the first transverse bar 14.1 and the first curved bar 23.1 or between the second transverse bar 14.2 and the second curved bar 23.2.
- the entire formwork element 1 is thus placed on the rear anchor bracket 8 and is immediately fixed securely, firmly and permanently in its position.
- the figure 7 also shows an enlarged representation of the back-anchoring bracket 8 with the formwork element 1 fastened to it.
- the viewing direction is oriented laterally in the direction of the rear side of the formwork element 1 facing the second concreting section BA2.
- the section of the rear anchor bracket 8 which encompasses the first reversal area 8.1 and protrudes in the vertical direction upwards over the reinforcement layer 6, can be seen.
- This section of the rear anchor bracket 8, which protrudes upwards beyond the reinforcement layer 6, is pushed into the two narrow slots between the first transverse bar 14.1 and the first curved bar 23.1 or between the second transverse bar 14.2 and the second curved bar 23.2.
- the back-anchoring bracket 8 inserted with its section encompassing the first reversal area 8.1 into the recesses 20, 21 encompasses the formwork part 3 and supports it on its rear side facing away from the first concreting section BA1.
- the entire formwork element 1 is thus placed on the rear anchoring bracket 8 and is immediately securely, firmly and permanently fixed in its position, with the formwork element 1 due to the recesses 20, 21 arranged in the second concreting section BA2 and the rear anchoring bracket 8 inserted therein can withstand the pressure exerted during the first concreting section BA1 even better.
- FIG 8 shows the figure 8 another embodiment of a back-anchoring bracket 8, which is designed in the form of a closed steel wire loop and a first reversal area 8.1, a second reversal area 8.2, a third reversal area 8.3, a fourth reversal area 8.4, a fifth reversal area 8.5, a sixth reversal area 8.6, a seventh reversal area 8.7 and an eighth reversal area 8.8.
- the rear anchoring bracket shown here also has a seventh 8.7 and an eighth 8.8 reversal area.
- the seventh reversal area 8.7 is arranged between the second reversal area 8.2 and the third reversal area 8.3 and the eighth reversal area 8.8 is arranged between the fifth reversal area 8.5 and the sixth reversal area 8.6.
- the curvatures of the reversal areas 8.1, 8.4 of the rear anchoring bracket 8 are adapted to the dimensioning of the reinforcement such that the distance between the second reversal area 8.2 and the sixth reversal area 8.6 and the distance between the third reversal area 8.3 and the fifth reversal area 8.5 and also the The distance between the seventh 8.7 and eighth 8.8 reversal area corresponds approximately to the diameter of the reinforcing bar 22 on which the rear anchoring bracket 8 is placed.
- the second 8.2 and the sixth 8.6 reversal area as well as the third 8.3 and the fifth 8.5 reversal area and also the seventh 8.7 and the eighth 8.8 reversal area have identical radii of curvature, which is why the rear anchor bracket 8 has a plane of symmetry which intersects the first 8.1 and fourth 8.4 reversal area and the second 8.2 and sixth 8.6 reversal area as well as the third 8.3 and fifth 8.5 reversal area and also the seventh 8.7 and eighth 8.8 reversal area each on one another.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Claims (12)
- Système de coffrage pour la construction en béton, comportant- un élément de coffrage (1), l'élément de coffrage (1) comprenant une pièce de coffrage (3) plane orientée sensiblement à la perpendiculaire d'une couche d'armature (6) en position montée, et- au moins un système d'ancrage (2) le système d'ancrage (2) comportant- un étrier d'ancrage (8) et- un premier (5.1) et un deuxième (5.2) boulons de blocage ou un premier boulon de blocage (5.1) et un crochet de fixation (4),en position montée, l'étrier d'ancrage (8) entourant une barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6),l'étrier d'ancrage (8) comportant au moins- une première zone de renvoi (8.1), en position montée, la première zone de renvoi (8.1) étant placée en direction verticale au-dessus de la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6),- une deuxième (8.2) et une sixième (8.6) zones de renvoi, en position montée, la deuxième (8.2) et la sixième (8.6) zones de renvoi étant placées en direction verticale en-dessous de la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6) et- la deuxième (8.2) et la sixième (8.6) zones de renvoi étant en contact avec le deuxième boulon de blocage (5.2), en position montée, le deuxième boulon de blocage (5.2) se présentant en étant inséré entre la deuxième (8.2) et la sixième (8.6) zones de renvoi de l'étrier d'ancrage (8) et la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6) et bloquant ainsi l'étrier d'ancrage (8) dans sa position,
ou- la deuxième (8.2) ou la sixième (8.6) zone de renvoi étant en contact avec le crochet de fixation (4), le crochet de fixation (4) entourant une barre d'armature (24) de la couche d'armature (6) et bloquant ainsi l'étrier d'ancrage (8) dans sa position,- une troisième (8.3) et une cinquième (8.5) zones de renvoi, en position montée, au moins une partie de la troisième (8.3) et une partie de la cinquième (8.5) zones de renvoi étant placées en direction verticale en-dessous de la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6) et la troisième (8.3) et la cinquième (8.5) zones de renvoi étant en contact avec le premier boulon de blocage (5.1), en position montée, le premier boulon de blocage (5.1) se présentant en étant inséré entre la troisième (8.3) et la cinquième (8.5) zone de renvoi de l'étrier d'ancrage (8) et la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6),- une quatrième zone de renvoi (8.4), en position montée, la quatrième zone de renvoi (8.4) étant placée en direction verticale au-dessus de la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6) et la quatrième zone de renvoi (8.4) étant en contact avec la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6),l'élément de coffrage (1) comportant au moins un évidement (20) et en position montée, l'étrier d'ancrage (8) s'engageant au moins par sa première zone de renvoi (8.1) dans l'évidement (20) de l'élément de coffrage (1) et l'étrier d'ancrage (8) étant en liaison active avec l'élément de coffrage (1), de telle sorte que l'élément de coffrage (1) soit fixé en toute sécurité dans sa position. - Système de coffrage selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'étrier d'ancrage (8) est une boucle en fil d'acier.
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier (5.1) et/ou le deuxième (5.2) boulon de blocage comporte un oeillet (12), l'étrier d'ancrage (8) se présentant en étant guidé à travers l'œillet (12).
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le premier (5.1) et/ou le deuxième (5.2) boulon de blocage est réalisé sous la forme d'un segment terminal d'un élément en étrier (18).
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le crochet de fixation (4) comporte un oeillet (13), l'étrier d'ancrage (8) se présentant en étant guidé à travers l'œillet (13).
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de coffrage (3) plane consiste en un treillis métallique constitué de barres transversales (14) et de barres longitudinales (15) et en un panneau (17) en métal déployé, assemblé avec les barres du treillis métallique, le panneau (17) en métal déployé étant placé entre les barres transversales (14) et les barres longitudinales (15) du treillis métallique.
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de coffrage (1) comporte des barres longitudinales fixées sur la face arrière de la pièce de coffrage (3) plane et/ou une poutre en treillis (19) fixée sur la face arrière de la pièce de coffrage (3) plane, faisant office d'élément de renfort additionnel.
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément de coffrage (1) comporte au moins deux évidements (20, 21), à savoir un premier évidement (20) et un deuxième évidement (21), les deux évidements (20, 21) étant superposés en alignement dans la direction verticale et en position montée, l'étrier d'ancrage (8) s'engageant au moins par sa première zone de renvoi (8.1) dans les deux évidements (20, 21) de l'élément de coffrage (1) et l'étrier d'ancrage (8) étant en liaison active avec l'élément de coffrage (1), de telle sorte que l'élément de coffrage (1) soit fixé en toute sécurité dans sa position.
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une première barre (23.1) recourbée, fixée sur une première barre transversale (14.1), s'écoulant sensiblement à la parallèle de la première barre transversale (14.1), le premier évidement (20) étant créé entre la première barre transversale (14.1) et la première barre (23.1) recourbée.
- Système de coffrage selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu une deuxième barre (23.2) recourbée, fixée sur une deuxième barre transversale (14.2), s'écoulant sensiblement à la parallèle de la deuxième barre transversale (14.2), le deuxième évidement (21) étant créé entre la deuxième barre transversale (14.2) et la deuxième barre (23.2) recourbée.
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'étrier d'ancrage (8) comporte une septième (8.7) et une huitième (8.8) zones de renvoi, la septième zone de renvoi (8.7) étant placée entre la deuxième zone de renvoi (8.2) et la troisième zone de renvoi (8.3), la huitième zone de renvoi (8.8) étant placée entre la cinquième zone de renvoi (8.5) et la sixième zone de renvoi (8.6), en position montée, la septième (8.7) et la huitième (8.8) zones de renvoi étant placées en direction verticale au-dessus de la barre d'armature (22) de la couche d'armature (6).
- Système de coffrage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la pièce de coffrage (3) plane, orientée sensiblement à la perpendiculaire de la couche d'armature (6) en position montée sépare une première phase de bétonnage (BA1) d'une deuxième phase de bétonnage (BA2), l'au moins un évidement (20) ou les au moins deux évidements (20, 21) de l'élément de coffrage (1) étant placés dans la deuxième phase de bétonnage (BA2).
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102020109530.9A DE102020109530B3 (de) | 2020-04-06 | 2020-04-06 | Schalungssystem |
Publications (2)
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EP3892789A1 EP3892789A1 (fr) | 2021-10-13 |
EP3892789B1 true EP3892789B1 (fr) | 2022-06-01 |
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP21157789.5A Active EP3892789B1 (fr) | 2020-04-06 | 2021-02-18 | Système de coffrage |
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EP (1) | EP3892789B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE102020109530B3 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
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CN113653315A (zh) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-11-16 | 中建科技有限公司华东分公司 | 一种桁架板浇筑砼上拉软支撑施工装置及其施工方法 |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4111062C1 (fr) * | 1991-04-05 | 1992-05-14 | Peca-Verbundtechnik Gmbh, 8312 Dingolfing, De | |
DE9417137U1 (de) * | 1994-10-25 | 1995-01-26 | Peca-Verbundtechnik Gmbh, 84130 Dingolfing | Schalungselement |
EP1132545B1 (fr) * | 2000-03-09 | 2008-12-31 | Willibald Fischer | Matériel de coffrage |
EP1921225B1 (fr) * | 2006-11-09 | 2009-07-01 | FWR Solutions GmbH | Élément de coffrage avec raidissement |
EP2157260B1 (fr) * | 2008-08-19 | 2017-05-10 | FWR Solutions GmbH | Coffrage doté d'un dispositif d'ancrage arrière |
DE202008015883U1 (de) * | 2008-12-01 | 2009-04-02 | Fwr Solutions Gmbh | Schalung mit Rückverankerungseinrichtung |
DE202010005218U1 (de) * | 2010-04-16 | 2010-06-24 | Peca-Verbundtechnik Gmbh | Schalungssystem |
DE202011102524U1 (de) * | 2011-06-28 | 2012-10-01 | Fwr Solutions Gmbh | Fugenabdichtvorrichtung für den Betonbau |
-
2020
- 2020-04-06 DE DE102020109530.9A patent/DE102020109530B3/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2021
- 2021-02-18 EP EP21157789.5A patent/EP3892789B1/fr active Active
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EP3892789A1 (fr) | 2021-10-13 |
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