EP3883339B1 - Dispositif chauffant rayonnant pour un dispositif de cuisson et dispositif de cuisson - Google Patents

Dispositif chauffant rayonnant pour un dispositif de cuisson et dispositif de cuisson Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3883339B1
EP3883339B1 EP21161275.9A EP21161275A EP3883339B1 EP 3883339 B1 EP3883339 B1 EP 3883339B1 EP 21161275 A EP21161275 A EP 21161275A EP 3883339 B1 EP3883339 B1 EP 3883339B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
radiation
heating element
radiant heating
heating device
filter
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EP21161275.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3883339A1 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Thimm
David Klein
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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EGO Elektro Geratebau GmbH
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Publication of EP3883339A1 publication Critical patent/EP3883339A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a radiant heating device for a cooking device and a cooking device with a cover surface and such a radiant heating device.
  • the cooking device is designed in particular as a hob.
  • Radiant heating devices for cooktops as cooktop devices are known, for example, from EP 590315 A2 .
  • An elongate ribbon-like metallic heating element of the radiant heating device is brought to temperatures well above 1,000° C. by connecting it to the mains voltage, so that it glows or glows by glowing, specifically with an orange hue.
  • a hob device which has a hotplate made of non-oxidic ceramics in order to heat a cooking vessel placed thereon.
  • a flat heating device is arranged on the underside of the hotplate, which has heating conductors that can run in a variety of forms.
  • a hob device which has a hob plate made of translucent glass ceramic.
  • Partially opaque cover layers made of different materials such as silicon or SiN and/or titanium or TiN can be applied to the underside.
  • the glow pattern of a pure Planckian radiator is primarily determined by its temperature. This temperature is required for the heating function of the radiant heater.
  • the invention is based on the object of creating a radiant heating device as mentioned at the outset and a cooking device with such a radiant heating device as mentioned at the outset, with which problems of the prior art can be solved and in particular it is possible to influence the color or the appearance of such a radiant heating device be able.
  • the radiant heating device to have at least one heating element, with this heating element preferably having an elongate or planar design.
  • the radiant heating device also has a support device for the heating element, which supports the heating element or on which the heating element is arranged.
  • a carrier device can be flat, for example, in the form of a type of dish or platter.
  • the radiant heating device has a connection device for making electrical contact with the at least one heating element, which is designed as an ohmic heater. This can be designed as is known in the prior art.
  • the heating element is coated with a conversion material or provided with a conversion material at least in certain areas.
  • This conversion material should be provided at least in an area on the heating element which points in a radiation direction of the radiant heating device or which is visible during operation of the radiant heating device or faces an operator. In the case of the invention, visibility is what counts.
  • the conversion material is designed in such a way that it is thermally stable at a working temperature of the radiant heating device. This can range from at least 700°C to 2200°C, in particular from at least 800°C to 1400°C. The conversion material thus remains stable during the operation of the radiant heating device, in particular also during continuous operation and a service life of several years, and can constantly fulfill its function.
  • the conversion material is designed to be radiation-transmissive, so that although it converts part of the radiation generated by the heating element during operation, it does not necessarily convert all of the radiation.
  • thermal radiation in the non-visible range can be at least partially let through, preferably without being affected.
  • the conversion material is designed in such a way that it at least partially converts radiation from the heating element during its operation into a higher harmonic of the radiation, which then results in conversion radiation.
  • this higher harmonic of the radiation is the second or the third harmonic.
  • this conversion radiation has a wavelength that is halved in comparison to the radiation from the heating element, or a doubled frequency, and in the case of higher harmonics it has a correspondingly multiplied frequency.
  • Radiation from the heating element that is in the non-visible range can thus be converted into visible radiation with a desired color or wavelength, which is the conversion radiation mentioned.
  • radiation with a desired wavelength can be increased or the proportion of this desired conversion radiation can be increased in order to make the radiant heating device appear visible or radiate in the desired color.
  • the radiant heating device has a filter above the heating element in the emission direction, which is designed in such a way that it lets through the conversion radiation with a proportion of at least 50%.
  • it lets through the conversion radiation with a significantly higher proportion, for example at least 70% or at least 90%.
  • the filter only lets through radiation with a wavelength longer than the wavelength of the conversion radiation and less than 800 nm, preferably radiation in the visible spectral range, with a maximum proportion of 40%, advantageously even less, preferably 20% or even less . In this way, undesired radiation can be filtered out with regard to color so that it is not visible, which increases the visibility of the desired conversion radiation.
  • the invention it is therefore possible with the invention to influence the color of the light or the radiation that is generated by the heating element of the radiant heating device, and thus also the color of the radiant heating device itself.
  • the conversion material can generate more radiation with a desired wavelength will.
  • the filter can be used to filter out radiation other than this desired conversion radiation, so that the conversion radiation can show up more clearly with its color or can assert itself.
  • the filter lets through radiation with a wavelength greater than 800 nm, in particular greater than 1000 nm, with a proportion of at least 80%, preferably at least 90% or even more.
  • a notch filter can preferably be used for this purpose.
  • Such notch filters or notch filters are optical filters that block a certain range of the spectrum and transmit all other wavelengths. They are therefore preferably narrow or narrow-band band-stop filters.
  • Notch filters have dielectric coatings and reflect specific wavelengths of radiation. Their manufacturing processes are known in principle and corresponding filters are commercially available, for example from Auer Lighting.
  • non-linear crystals are used to generate said higher harmonic, preferably the second or third harmonic, of the radiation; alternatively, it could be dielectric layers. Because of their polarizability, borates and phosphates are best suited for this purpose. You need some If they can show selection conditions, they must preferably not be symmetrical under inversion, must be chemically and, above all, thermally stable and should not absorb the original and frequency-enhanced or doubled or tripled light spectrum too strongly. For this reason, as mentioned at the outset, they are designed to be transparent to radiation.
  • An advantageous conversion material can thus be selected from the group consisting of lithium niobate, potassium niobate, beta-barium borate, lithium triborate, lithium borate, barium titanate, lithium iodate, potassium hydrogen phosphate and potassium titanyl phosphate.
  • the respective crystals of the conversion material must be long enough so that each irradiated photon of a frequency f is converted in the appropriate ratio, for example 2:1 or 3:1, into a photon of the correspondingly higher double frequency, i.e. the wavelength of the Radiation is divided accordingly.
  • the at least one heating element of the radiant heating device is completely coated with the conversion material or is completely provided with it.
  • this maximizes the radiation yield of the converted radiation.
  • a manufacturing process for the heating element or its coating can be simplified.
  • a layer thickness of a coating of the heating element can advantageously be less than 1 mm.
  • An advantageous layer thickness can be 50 nm to 400 ⁇ m, in particular between 200 nm and 300 ⁇ m. It is possible that several thinner layers are applied one after the other, the layer thickness of which then adds up.
  • An advantageous method is an ALD method, ie atomic layer deposition.
  • the radiant heating device or its heating element then appears to radiate white light.
  • the passage through the hob plate with its own color must be taken into account, so that the white light can be seen behind or above it and not mainly in front of or below it.
  • the filter lets radiation with a wavelength between 450 nm and 800 nm through at most 20%, particularly advantageously at most 5%. In this way, this visible radiation can be reduced so that the conversion radiation, for which this filter effect should not apply, is then as visible as possible.
  • conversion radiation with a wavelength of less than 450 nm is advantageously generated, preferably the color blue with a wavelength of 420 nm.
  • Such a filter is advantageously based on the principle of an interference filter.
  • the heating element can be provided with such a filter as a kind of coating, which then becomes technically difficult, since the filter material must also be able to withstand the very high temperatures of the heating element during operation.
  • a filter is provided on an intermediate layer to be placed above the heating element. It can be an intermediate layer that is prefabricated as a structural unit and can be handled independently, for example made of quartz glass. It can be arranged under a cover surface of the cooking device, which is formed by the hob plate, for example, in the case of a hob.
  • the filter can be applied as a coating directly to said cover surface, preferably on its underside.
  • Such a coating preferably consists of individual dielectric layers with thicknesses in the range of a quarter of the wavelength of the incident light or radiation. Two dielectric materials with very different refractive indices are used. Silicon dioxide and titanium dioxide, for example, are suitable for this, other combinations can be found in the prior art.
  • the radiant heating device can have precisely one single elongate heating element. It consists advantageously of a metal alloy with iron, chromium and aluminum. Nickel can also be provided particularly advantageously. Alternative materials for such a heating element are conceivable, for example ceramic materials.
  • the heating element can be elongate and in the form of a strip.
  • a strip-shaped heating element can be placed upright on a flat support device. It can possibly be pressed into the carrier device or fastened therein, in particular with holding members which are provided at intervals and protrude downwards.
  • a cooking device has an aforementioned cover surface and at least one radiant heating device arranged underneath.
  • the covering surface runs at a distance of 0.5 cm to 10 cm above the radiant heating device. This distance should be between the bottom of the cover surface and a top area or top point of the heating element.
  • the filter of the present invention is provided on the cover surface or under the cover surface, which enables a practical construction.
  • Such a covering surface advantageously consists of glass ceramic or quartz glass.
  • the 1 is a diagram showing the relative sensitivity versus wavelength for light as it can be perceived by the human eye or as the light is visible to humans.
  • the visible range extends from around 380 nm to around 750 nm, with similar gradients for the three colors blue, green and red, but they are shifted in relation to one another. It can also be seen from the chart that the peak wavelength of visible blue light is around 420nm, so twice the wavelength is 840nm and thus outside the visible range in the IR range.
  • the hob 11 has a hob plate 13, advantageously made of reddish-brown glass ceramic, as is often the case.
  • the hob plate 13 has an upper side 14, on which a pot T is placed here, and an underside 15.
  • An aforementioned filter layer 17 is applied to the underside 15, which has filter properties for radiation. This is explained in more detail below.
  • a radiant heating device 20 is arranged at a distance of a few mm, for example 2 mm to 8 mm, below the hob plate 13 or below the filter layer 17, the distance being primarily from a strip-shaped heating element 22, which is shown here.
  • the heating element 22 has integrally downwardly protruding holding feet 23 with which it is inserted into a carrier layer 27 in order to be held or carried by this.
  • the carrier layer 27 in turn is held in a sheet metal plate 29 .
  • This structure corresponds to a standard structure for such radiant heating devices, see also 3 , as he from the above DE 42 29 375 A1 is known.
  • the metallic heating element 22 which is in the form of a strip according to the prior art, has a full-surface coating 25 with the conversion material according to the invention.
  • Lithium niobate can be used as the conversion material to achieve the desired temperature resistance, alternatively another of the materials mentioned at the outset. that is suitable.
  • the lithium niobate is applied to the metallic heating element 22, for example by means of an ALD method, advantageously in several steps as explained at the outset in order to be able to achieve a desired overall thickness. For example, twenty layers of lithium niobate can be applied one after the other, each of which has a layer thickness of about 12 ⁇ m.
  • the conversion material acts on all of the radiation emanating from the heating element 22.
  • the conversion material is designed here in such a way that it converts radiation emitted directly by the heating element 22 . Since the conversion material has the aforementioned non-linear optical crystals, light with a wavelength of 840 nm, for example, is let through and part of this light or this radiation is transmitted or converted into the second harmonic. This radiation then has a wavelength of 420 nm and is therefore visible as blue light. IR light with a wavelength of 840 nm is invisible to the human eye, cf. 1 . Other wavelengths, at least with a difference of more than 5 nm or more than 10 nm, are not converted by the conversion material; they can pass through the conversion material due to the radiation transparency.
  • the radiation is filtered by the filter layer 17 arranged above the heating element 22 or the radiant heating device 20 and made of the material mentioned at the outset or having the function mentioned at the outset.
  • the filter layer 17 is advantageously designed as a bandpass interference filter in order to filter out light or radiation with a wavelength greater than 450 nm but less than 800 nm or not to let it through. This is essentially the range of visible light above the wavelength for the color blue. According to the presentation of 1 radiation with a wavelength of less than 450 nm is predominantly blue or blue light, so that on the one hand the original blue light emitted by the heating element 22 is let through upwards, even if its proportion of radiation is small.
  • the converted light with the original wavelength of 840 nm is converted into light with a wavelength of 420 nm, and this with a significantly higher proportion than the original according to the known curves of the Planckian radiator mentioned at the outset.
  • This converted blue light is added to the remaining blue light that is let through, so that the radiant heating device 20 or the heating element 22 above the filter layer 17 radiates in blue.
  • This blue light then passes through said hob plate 13 and is visible from above. If there is too much discoloration due to the reddish-brown color of the hob plate 13, instead of direct generation of blue light by the heating element 22 together with the coating 25 made of conversion material, a wavelength of a color should be achieved which, after passing through the hob plate 13, has the desired color , here the color blue, corresponds to or comes as close as possible to it.
  • a radiant heating device 20 according to the invention is shown again in an oblique representation. It has an elongate band-shaped heating element 22 which is corrugated and runs in a concentric meander-like laying form on a carrier layer 27 made of microporous insulating material. Electrical contacting to the heating element 22 is shown here in a simplified manner by means of the electrical connections 33 , that is to say takes place in a known manner by means of a rod controller housing 30 from which a rod controller sensor 31 runs over the surface of the carrier layer 27 . On the outside of the edge of the support layer 27 there is a circumferential ring-shaped support edge 28, the whole thing is arranged in a sheet metal plate 29 for better handling and holding.
  • the hob plate 13 has four hotplates, each of which is formed by radiant heating devices 20a to 20d arranged underneath. These are basically designed in a similar way as in 3 , wherein the radiant heating devices 20b and 20d are designed as so-called dual-circuit heaters.
  • the radiant heating devices 20a to 20d are arranged on a support plate 19 in order to be pressed on from below with the upper side of the support edge 28 running around in each case.
  • a filter plate 18 is provided or shown between the hob plate 13 and the radiant heating devices 20a to 20d.
  • the filter plate 18 consists of thin quartz glass and has on one of its sides, possibly also on both sides, a previously described coating of material which has the filter properties mentioned and thus the filter layer 17 of FIG 2 is equivalent to.
  • a filter layer similar to the coating 25 with conversion material could be applied directly to the heating element 22 or to the coating 25 .
  • the temperature requirements for a material for the filter layer are so high that the provision of a separate filter layer is considered more practicable.
  • an attempt can also be made to generate as much blue light as possible in a first step.
  • the emitted spectrum can be influenced in such a way that the Wavelengths in the blue, green and red ranges have approximately the same intensity, preferably the same or identical intensity as possible.
  • the radiant heating device 20 or the heating element 22 then ultimately appears to radiate white light.
  • the passage through the hob plate 13 must also be taken into account here, so that the white light should be visible above it and not primarily in front of or below it.
  • the light with a wavelength of more than 840 nm or 900 nm does not have to be filtered out by a filter since it is not visible anyway and thus cannot influence a perceptible color for the heating element 22 .
  • the radiant heating device 20 should mainly generate a lot of heat radiation for the heating function, in particular for a pot T that has been set up.
  • an exemplary spectrum of a filter is shown as the aforementioned notch filter or notch filter, which filters out a specific wavelength range in the visible spectral range.
  • Notch filters are optical filters that block a certain range of the spectrum and transmit or pass all other wavelengths. Such a filter can be obtained from Auer Lighting. These filters also have the necessary temperature stability for use in a radiant heater.
  • a notch filter with relatively wide filtering is shown in solid line, which largely filters out or blocks radiation with wavelengths between 570 nm and 670 nm.
  • a notch filter with relatively narrow filtering is shown in dashed lines, which largely filters out or blocks radiation with wavelengths between 570 nm and 590 nm, ie a smaller range.
  • this is the wavelength range of the color red, so the color red or its wavelength range is not or hardly present in the radiation or in the light behind it. It can be seen that a combination of several such notch filters in succession can also filter out or block several wavelength ranges or colors. This means that only a single color can be present behind it.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
  • Baking, Grill, Roasting (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20) pour un dispositif de cuisson, en particulier pour une plaque de cuisson (11), avec :
    - au moins un élément chauffant (22), l'élément chauffant (22) étant de forme allongée ou plate,
    - un dispositif de support (27) pour l'élément chauffant (22), qui porte l'élément chauffant,
    - un dispositif de raccordement (30, 33) pour la mise en contact électrique avec au moins un élément chauffant (22),
    caractérisé en ce que :
    - l'élément chauffant (22) est recouvert ou revêtu au moins par zones d'un matériau de conversion (25),
    - le matériau de conversion (25) est conçu de telle sorte qu'il est stable en température à une température de travail du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20),
    - le matériau de conversion (25) est conçu pour laisser passer le rayonnement,
    - le matériau de conversion (25) est conçu de telle sorte que, pendant son fonctionnement, il convertit au moins partiellement le rayonnement de l'élément chauffant (22) en une harmonique harmonique plus élevée du rayonnement en tant que rayonnement de conversion, le rayonnement de conversion présentant une longueur d'onde réduite par rapport au rayonnement de l'élément chauffant (22),
    - le dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20) présente, dans la direction de rayonnement au-dessus de l'élément chauffant (22), un filtre (17) qui est conçu de telle sorte qu'il laisse passer le rayonnement de conversion dans une proportion d'au moins 50%,
    - le filtre (17) laisse passer le rayonnement d'une longueur d'onde supérieure à la longueur d'onde du rayonnement de conversion et inférieure à 800 nm avec une proportion maximale de 40%.
  2. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (22) est pourvu ou recouvert du matériau de conversion (25) au moins dans une zone qui est orientée dans une direction de rayonnement du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20).
  3. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'une température de travail du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20) est de 700°C à 2.200°C, de préférence de 800°C à 1.400°C.
  4. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'harmonique supérieur du rayonnement en tant que rayonnement de conversion est le deuxième harmonique ou le troisième harmonique, le rayonnement de conversion ayant une longueur d'onde divisée par deux ou par trois par rapport au rayonnement de l'élément chauffant (22).
  5. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (17) est conçu pour laisser passer le rayonnement ayant une longueur d'onde supérieure à 800 nm dans une proportion d'au moins 80%.
  6. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (17) est conçu pour laisser passer un rayonnement ayant une longueur d'onde comprise entre 450 nm et 800 nm dans une proportion maximale de 20%, de préférence dans une proportion maximale de 5%.
  7. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le matériau de conversion (25) est choisi parmi le niobate de lithium, le niobate de potassium, le borate de baryum bêta, le triborate de lithium, le borate de lithium, le titanate de baryum, l'iodate de lithium, l'hydrogénophosphate de potassium et le titanylphosphate de potassium.
  8. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit au moins un élément chauffant (22) est entièrement recouvert ou pourvu dudit matériau de conversion (25).
  9. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20) présente exactement un seul élément chauffant allongé (22), de préférence en alliage métallique avec du fer, du chrome et de l'aluminium, en particulier également avec du nickel.
  10. Dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'élément chauffant (22) est en forme de bande, l'élément chauffant en forme de bande (22) étant de préférence placé de chant sur le dispositif de support (27).
  11. Appareil de cuisson (11) comprenant une surface de couverture (13) et un dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la surface de couverture (13) est située au-dessus du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20), caractérisé en ce que :
    - la surface de couverture (13) est située à une distance de 0,5 cm à 10 cm au-dessus du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20),
    - le filtre (17) est prévu sur la surface de couverture (13).
  12. Dispositif de cuisson selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la distance est prévue entre une face inférieure (15) de la surface de couverture (13) et une zone la plus haute de l'élément chauffant (22).
  13. Dispositif de cuisson selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le filtre est prévu sur une couche intermédiaire, de préférence une couche intermédiaire préfabriquée sous forme d'unité de construction pouvant être manipulée de manière autonome, la couche intermédiaire étant notamment constituée de verre de quartz et étant de préférence disposée sous la surface de recouvrement.
  14. Dispositif de cuisson selon la revendication 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (17) est appliqué sous forme de revêtement (25) directement sur la surface de couverture (13), de préférence sur sa face inférieure (14).
  15. Dispositif de cuisson selon l'une quelconque des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le filtre (17) est conçu pour avoir une transmission maximale à une longueur d'onde de rayonnement correspondant à une couleur souhaitée pour le rayonnement du dispositif de chauffage par rayonnement (20).
EP21161275.9A 2020-03-20 2021-03-08 Dispositif chauffant rayonnant pour un dispositif de cuisson et dispositif de cuisson Active EP3883339B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102020203631.4A DE102020203631A1 (de) 2020-03-20 2020-03-20 Strahlungsheizeinrichtung für eine Kocheinrichtung und Kocheinrichtung

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3883339A1 EP3883339A1 (fr) 2021-09-22
EP3883339B1 true EP3883339B1 (fr) 2022-12-14

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EP21161275.9A Active EP3883339B1 (fr) 2020-03-20 2021-03-08 Dispositif chauffant rayonnant pour un dispositif de cuisson et dispositif de cuisson

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3883339B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102020203631A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2939957T3 (fr)
PL (1) PL3883339T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4229375C2 (de) 1992-09-03 2000-05-04 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Strahlungs-Heizkörper
EP0853444B1 (fr) * 1997-01-10 2005-11-23 E.G.O. ELEKTRO-GERÄTEBAU GmbH Système à cuire avec une plaque de cuisson électrique, transférant la chaleur par conduction
US7208703B2 (en) * 2002-05-16 2007-04-24 Nippon Electric Glass Co., Ltd. Cooking top plate
DE10250317B4 (de) 2002-10-29 2004-10-28 Schott Glas Glas- oder Glaskeramikplatte mit einer elektrischen Heizeinheit
FR2976683B1 (fr) 2011-06-15 2013-11-08 Eurokera Article vitroceramique a affichage lumineux colore.

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EP3883339A1 (fr) 2021-09-22
PL3883339T3 (pl) 2023-04-11
DE102020203631A1 (de) 2021-09-23
ES2939957T3 (es) 2023-04-28

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