Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
  • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
  • H01F3/12—Magnetic shunt paths
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
  • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
  • H01F3/14—Constrictions; Gaps, e.g. air-gaps
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F3/00—Cores, Yokes, or armatures
  • H01F3/10—Composite arrangements of magnetic circuits
  • H01F2003/106—Magnetic circuits using combinations of different magnetic materials
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
  • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
  • Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
  • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
  • Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
  • Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles

Definitions

• the present invention relates to an electromagnetic induction device.
• the present invention relates to an electromagnetic induction device which comprises sampling means giving a primary winding the behavior of two inductors in series.
• the electromagnetic induction device according to the present invention is advantageously implemented in a power transformer, in particular a power transformer in the automotive field, and more particularly for charging electric motor vehicles.
• the latter use a battery which delivers the power necessary for the traction of the vehicle, and the charging of which is carried out during the phase of the vehicle in question.
• an exchange of information can be implemented between the AC-DC converter and the various components of the vehicle and in particular the battery management system.
• the AC-DC converter can benefit from connectivity with the outside to provide various services such as “smart charging", geographic positioning to adapt the "grid code”, ...
• the AC-DC converters meet specific constraints and in particular have a reduced volume, for example by implementing a magnetic core operating at relatively high frequency.
• AC-DC converters bidirectional and thus pave the way for storage of and / or distribution of energy by the battery or batteries of electric vehicles.
• a bidirectional AC-DC converter requires a special arrangement to make it quieter.
• the proposed arrangement must also respond to a problem of efficiency so as to limit the electrical losses during the conversion of the current.
• the LLC topology is notably based on the integration of a resonant type stage (“resonant tank” according to English terminology), and includes a transformer associated with capacitors, of 2C capacity and inductances mounted in “series” .
• the inductors and capacitors are adjusted to operate in resonance at a frequency close to the nominal switching frequency of the switches.
• the transformer is also designed to allow galvanic isolation of the input and load circuits, and adaptation of the voltage value applied to the load terminals.
• It notably comprises a primary winding and a secondary winding formed around a magnetic core, with a ratio of number of turns n equal to the ratio of the input and load voltages.
• the resonant series components are duplicated on both sides of the same winding.
• the magnetizing inductance of the transformer Lm which is a function of the number of turns of the primary winding and of the geometry of the core, is, in the case of the LLC topology, determined precisely to ensure the adjustment of the gain of the converter.
• the DAB topology includes arms placed on either side of the transformer without capacity.
• the inductors in series have the function of transmitting the power.
• the magnetizing inductance of the transformer is no longer constrained to a value given in DAB topology, and must only be high enough to obtain a good utilization rate.
• the inductors typically of the order of 1 to 10 mH, and connected in series with the transformer in the LLC and DAB topologies, are, in the prior art, components of the discrete type, placed outside the transformer.
• the document [2] cited at the end of the description proposes to take advantage of the transformer natural leakage inductance as a series inductor as illustrated in FIG. 3.
• the leakage inductance characterizes, in particular, the part of the magnetic flux created by the primary winding of the transformer and which does not cross the secondary winding.
• This leakage inductance is representative of non-ideal operation of the transformer, and is the source of a distribution of part of the magnetic flux around the component considered.
• the leakage inductance is generally low (less than 1 microHenry, mH), and evaluation is difficult to predict.
• the spacing created between the first winding and the second winding tends to increase the volume of the transformer.
• magnetic leaks around the winding constrain its implantation by prohibiting the presence of any conductive element nearby so as not to induce eddy currents there, which significantly increases the volume of the converter.
• the additional winding is intended to create in the core an integrated inductance by virtue of the circulation of a magnetic flux in a direction identical or different from that of the main flux.
• the increase in the volume of the core remains limited as long as a single additional winding is considered.
• An object of the present invention is therefore to propose a transformer provided with a controlled leakage inductance and which does not induce a notable increase in volume.
• an electromagnetic induction device comprising:
• a ferromagnetic core comprising a plurality of legs essentially parallel to each other, and each extending between two ends, the plurality of legs comprising at least one main leg, at least one lateral leg and at least two leakage legs;
• At least one primary winding and at least one secondary winding each comprising a main section, wound around the main leg, and a leakage section, called respectively primary leakage section and secondary leakage section each wound on a trailing leg different.
• the core comprises two plates, called the bottom plate and the top plate respectively, facing each other on an internal face, said respectively the internal bottom face and the internal top face, and between which the plurality of legs.
• each of the legs among the plurality of legs has an air gap.
• the air gap of each of the at least two leakage legs known as the leakage air gap, and greater than or equal, preferably strictly greater, to the air gaps of the other legs.
• the air gaps of the at least one main leg and of the at least one lateral leg are equal.
• a plane equidistant from the two internal faces forms a plane of symmetry of the core.
• a groove is formed on both of the internal faces, at a distance and at least partially surrounding each of the two ends of each trailing leg, the groove interposed between the trailing leg and the main leg.
• the legs of the plurality of legs are cylindrical.
• the at least one main leg comprises a single main leg
• the at least one side leg comprises four side legs arranged regularly around the main leg.
• the at least two leakage legs comprises four leakage legs arranged regularly around the main leg, advantageously all of the leakage legs have an angular offset of 45 ° relative to the lateral legs.
• the primary leakage section comprises two primary leakage sections so that the primary winding comprises, in order, one of the primary leakage sections, the main section, and the other primary leakage section, the primary leak sections being each wrapped around a different and diametrically opposite leak leg.
• the secondary leakage section comprises two secondary leakage sections so that the primary winding comprises in order one of the secondary leakage sections, the main section, and the other secondary leakage section, the secondary leakage sections being each wrapped around a different and diametrically opposite leakage leg.
• the at least one main leg comprises three main legs merged with the at least one side leg, each main leg being associated with a set of two leakage legs which is specific to it.
• the three main legs are regularly arranged around a main axis which is parallel to them.
• the two legs of leakage from the given set of legs are diametrically opposite with respect to the main leg associated with them.
• the two legs of leakage from the footwork are arranged symmetrically with respect to a plane passing through the main axis.
• the invention also relates to the device according to the present invention.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation in discrete components of a transformer in LLC topology known from the state of the art
• FIG. 2 is a schematic representation in discrete components of a transformer in DAB topology known from the state of the art
• Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a primary winding and a concentric secondary winding formed around a section of a core known from the prior art
• Figure 4 is a schematic presentation according to a perspective view of an electromagnetic induction device according to a first variant of the present invention
• FIGS. 5A and 5B are schematic representations of the lower and upper blocks of a core capable of being implemented in this first variant
• Figure 6 is a perspective view of a block, including the lower block, illustrating the implementation of grooves
• FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a block, in particular the lower block, illustrating the arrangement of the main winding and the secondary winding;
• FIG. 8 represents two views of a block illustrating the geometrical characteristics of said block in relation to table 2;
• Figure 9 is a schematic representation of a block, including the lower block, illustrating the positioning of the different legs in the context of a second variant of the present invention;
• Figure 10 is a representation of an equivalent electrical diagram of the device shown in Figure 4.
• FIG. 11 is a schematic representation of a block and of the arrangement of all of the windings.
• the electromagnetic induction device comprises a ferromagnetic core provided with a main leg and at least two trailing legs.
• the electromagnetic induction device comprises two windings partly wound around the main leg, and, partly, each around a different trailing leg.
• This arrangement makes it possible to confer on each of the windings a behavior of inductances connected in series, and in particular a magnetizing inductance in series with at least one inductance, called leakage inductance.
• FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the electromagnetic induction device 1000.
• the device 1000 comprises a core 2000, and more particularly a core made of a ferromagnetic material.
• the ferromagnetic material can be sintered and in particular comprise at least one material chosen from: MnZn, NiZn.
• the ferromagnetic core comprising a plurality of legs essentially parallel to each other, and each extending between two ends.
• the plurality of legs includes at least one main leg, at least one side leg, and at least two leak legs.
• leg is meant a section which has an elongated shape. The leg can then take the form of a bar, in particular a bar of cylindrical cross section.
• the legs can be cylindrical.
• the main leg 2100 extends longitudinally between its two ends 2110 and 2120 ( Figures 5a and 5b).
• the core 1000 can comprise two said plates, respectively, lower plate 2500 and upper plate 2510, essentially parallel to each other, and facing each other along one of their said face, respectively, lower internal face 2500a and upper internal face 2510a.
• the lower plate 2500 and the upper plate 2510 are advantageously perpendicular to the plurality of legs.
• the main leg, the at least one lateral leg and the at least two leakage legs can comprise an air gap (“air gap” according to Anglo-Saxon terminology) denoted, respectively, main air gap, lateral air gap and leak gap.
• air gap air gap
• each of the legs of the plurality of legs makes it possible to consider a core made of two symmetrical blocks from one another, called respectively the lower block and the upper block.
• Each of the blocks comprises one of the plates 2500 or 2510, and the half-legs of the plurality of legs.
• each of the legs comprises an air gap.
• the device comprises a single main leg 2100, for example in the central position relative to the two plates 2500 and 2510.
• the at least one side leg includes four side legs 2201, 2202, 2203 and 2204 arranged regularly around the main leg.
• the at least two trailing legs include four trailing legs 2301, 2302, 2303, and 2304 arranged regularly around the main leg.
• the set of leakage legs has an angular offset of 45 ° relative to the lateral legs.
• the device comprises a single primary winding 3000 and a single secondary winding 4000 (FIG. 7).
• the first coil 3000 comprises a main section 3000a wound around the main leg and two primary leakage sections called, respectively, first primary leakage section 3000b and second primary leakage section 3000c each wound around two different trailing legs.
• first primary leakage section 3000b and the second primary leakage section 3000c are wound around two diametrically opposite leakage legs.
• the second coil 4000 comprises a secondary section 4000a wound around the main leg and two secondary leakage sections called, respectively, first secondary leakage section 4000b and second secondary leakage section 4000c each wound around two different trailing legs.
• first secondary leakage section 4000b and the second secondary leakage section 4000c are wound around two diametrically opposite leakage legs.
• the primary section 3000a and the secondary section 4000a perform the main function of the transformer, namely the voltage conversion.
• the primary leakage sections 3000b, 3000c and the secondary leakage sections 4000b, 4000c act as leakage inductors. According to this arrangement, each of the windings reproduces the behavior of three inductors in series, called, respectively, leakage inductance Lr and magnetizing inductance Lm.
• the magnetizing inductance determines the transformation ratio (or gain) between the voltage at one winding and the output voltage at the other winding.
• Leakage inductors allow them to store electromagnetic energy and restore it when the time comes. In other words, the leakage inductance causes the power to transit.
• FIG. 10 The equivalent electrical diagram relating to the device of FIG. 4 is represented in FIG. 10.
• the latter notably comprises the magnetizing inductance Lm in series with two leakage inductors Lr.
• a current flows in one of the windings, for example the first winding.
• a magnetic flux, called magnetizing flux, generated by the main section also crosses the secondary section 4000a, and forms a magnetic loop in the core 2000 for example by forming magnetic loops circulating in the lateral legs and trailing legs.
• the core may however include an arrangement intended to promote the circulation of the magnetizing flux in the lateral legs 2201, 2202, 2203 and 2204 rather than in the leakage legs 2301, 2302, 2303, and 2304.
• the trailing air gap may be greater than the lateral air gaps.
• a groove 2301a, 2302a, 2303a and 2304a can be formed on either of the internal faces, at a distance and at least partially surrounding each of the two ends of each trailing leg, the groove between the trailing leg and the main leg ( Figure 6).
• Table 1 brings together the specifications of a “DAB” type transformer having a resonant frequency of 500 kHz, and comprising the electromagnetic induction device according to the present invention.
• Table 2 brings together the characteristics of the electromagnetic induction device making it possible to comply with the specifications gathered in Table 1 (the dimensions are shown in Figure 8).
• the principle explained in the first variant be adapted and implemented in the context of a second variant for the production of a multi-phase, and in particular three-phase electromagnetic induction device.
• Figure 9 illustrates in this regard an example of implementation of a three-phase induction device.
• This example of implementation can essentially take up the elements relating to the first variant.
• the core comprises three main legs 2101, 2102, and 2103, and is devoid of lateral legs.
• the three main legs can be arranged regularly around an axis, called the main axis XX ', which is parallel to them. Furthermore, each main leg 2101, 2102, and 2103 is associated with two trailing legs 2305a, 2305b, 2306a, 2306b, 2307a, 2307b, 2308a and 2308b as well as a primary winding 3001, 3002 and 3003 and a secondary winding. 4001, 4002, 4003 which are specific to it.
• a main leg, the two trailing legs and the primary and secondary windings form a phase of the electromagnetic induction device 1000.
• the first winding 3001, 3002 and 3003 comprises a main section 3001a, 3002a and 3003a wound around the main leg and a primary leakage section 3001b, 3002b and 3003b wound around a trailing leg ( Figure 11 ).
• the second winding 4001, 4002, 4003 comprises a secondary section 4001a, 4002a, 4003a wound around the main leg and a secondary leakage section 4001b, 4002b, 4003b wound around the other trailing leg (FIG. 11 ).
• the primary section 3001a, 3002a and 3003a and the secondary section 4001a, 4002a, 4003a provide the main function of the transformer, namely the conversion of the voltage.
• the design of the core according to the present invention may use an injection molding technique (“PIM” or “Powder Injection Molding” according to Anglo-Saxon terminology). This technique is particularly well suited for the production of parts in large series. Injection molding first implements a step of forming a masterbatch ("feedstock" according to Anglo-Saxon terminology).
• the masterbatch in particular comprises a mixture of organic matter (or polymeric binder) and inorganic powders (metallic or ceramic) intended to form the final part.
• the masterbatch is injected into an injection press, the technology of which is known to those skilled in the art.
• the injection press makes it possible to melt the polymers injected with the powder in a cavity, and to give said powder the desired shape.
• the masterbatch thus formed and melted, is subjected to cooling so as to solidify and solidify it in a form imposed by the injection molding machine.
• the part formed by the masterbatch is then removed from the mold, and unbound in order to remove the organic matter.
• the part can then be consolidated by sintering.
• the invention also relates to a transformer (in particular a “DAB” type transformer) provided with the electromagnetic induction device according to the present invention.
• a transformer in particular a “DAB” type transformer

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Composite Materials (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
• Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)
• Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

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Family Applications (1)

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Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (1)

Family Cites Families (8)

• 2018
  • 2018-12-07 FR FR1872539A patent/FR3089675B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-11-20 EP EP19829292.2A patent/EP3871236A1/de active Pending
  • 2019-11-20 JP JP2021530985A patent/JP7378475B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-11-20 WO PCT/FR2019/052768 patent/WO2020115389A1/fr unknown

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