Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/32—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00
  • B01D53/323—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by electrical effects other than those provided for in group B01D61/00 by electrostatic effects or by high-voltage electric fields
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
  • B01D46/0035—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions by wetting, e.g. using surfaces covered with oil
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
  • B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
  • B01D53/66—Ozone
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/75—Multi-step processes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
  • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
  • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
  • B01D53/76—Gas phase processes, e.g. by using aerosols
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
  • A61L9/00—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air
  • A61L9/16—Disinfection, sterilisation or deodorisation of air using physical phenomena
  • A61L9/22—Ionisation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
  • B01D2257/91—Bacteria; Microorganisms
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
  • B01D2258/06—Polluted air
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

• the present invention relates to the field of plasma emission by corona discharge and more particularly that of air purification devices by plasma.
• a plasma device with corona effect to produce, by corona discharge, a plasma and an ion flux.
• Such a device advantageously makes it possible to produce a plasma making it possible to ionize a fluid passing through the ionizer.
• Such ionization finds multiple and complementary functionalities, for example, in the sector of treatment of a fluid, such as air.
• an ionization makes it possible, by depositing ions, to charge a particle contained in the fluid. This particle thus charged can advantageously be retained by an electrostatic filter, which can be arranged downstream of the ionizer.
• an ionization has a neutralizing action on pathogenic organisms, such as viruses, which can be transported in the fluid.
• an ionization advantageously produces oxidizing chemical species useful for the decontamination of a mechanical filter, such as an activated carbon filter, which can be disposed downstream of the device.
• a polarized electrode having a small radius of curvature is arranged perpendicularly to a ground electrode substantially planar; in another configuration called wire-cylinder, a polarized wire electrode is disposed axially in a cylindrical earth electrode.
• Patent FR 2818451 proposes to combine these two configurations by using a needle-shaped polarized electrode and an earth electrode comprising a substantially planar metallic trellis, arranged perpendicular to the polarized electrode and a cylinder surrounding the polarized electrode over its whole length. This ionizer is crossed by the fluid in a direction parallel to the coincident axis of the polarized electrode and the cylinder.
• the subject of the invention is a plasma air purification device comprising: i) at least one source of electrical power;
• At least one ionizer connected to the power source;
• a ground electrode, placed opposite the polarized electrode, comprising:
• the value of the diameter of the cylinder corresponding to at least twice, preferably at least 3 or even 5 times, and in particular at least 10 times the value of the height of the cylinder, and
• porous film (15,25) is disposed, relative to the polarized electrode (12,22), on the side opposite the cylinder (14,24).
• the source of electrical power of the device according to the invention is chosen so as to be able to deliver a sufficient voltage to the ionizer to generate a plasma.
• G ionizer its porous film is placed, relative to the polarized electrode, on the side opposite the cylinder.
• a porous film made of a metallic material with pores having a size ranging from 0.1 mm to 500 mm, preferably from 5 mm to 50 mm, and a thickness between 0.5 and 50 mm, preferably between 1 and 5 mm.
• this porous film takes the form of a metallic mesh, the meshes of which can have different shapes (square, rhombus, etc.).
• the metal mesh in question is a sheet of expanded metal.
• the ionizer comprises at least one dual plasma element with corona effect, which dual plasma element with corona effect comprises:
• first polarized electrode and the second polarized electrode are arranged on either side of the same support, and where the first earth electrode and the second earth electrode are arranged on either side of this same support and near the first polarized electrode and the second polarized electrode respectively.
• first polarized electrode and the second polarized electrode are connected to the same first potential and the first earth electrode and the second earth electrode are connected to the same second potential, different from the first potential.
• the first potential is negative and the second potential is ground. Note that in the case where the polarized electrode (s) are connected to a negative potential, we then speak of discharge electrodes.
• the first polarized electrode and the second polarized electrode are substantially needle-shaped and are supported by a conductive support connected to the first polarized electrode, to the second polarized electrode and to the first potential, which conductive support, which is of preferably substantially planar, is connected to the first polarized electrode, to the second polarized electrode and to the first potential.
• the first polarized electrode and the second polarized electrode are axially aligned and, preferably, they form a single piece.
• the conductive support comprises a printed circuit comprising at least one conductive track connected to the first polarized electrode, to the second polarized electrode and to the first potential.
• each of the two polarized electrodes is arranged in a metallized via pierced in said at least one conductive track.
• This printed circuit includes days, preferably entirely except for a narrow strip formed around said at least one conductive track.
• ozone which constitutes a powerful oxidant, by non-thermal plasma air treatment systems is of great interest in that it considerably improves the elimination of residual pollutants after plasma treatment.
• the presence of this ozone in the atmosphere at the outlet of these treatment systems generates significant stress on the respiratory tract and is therefore problematic. Consequently, it is imperative to carry out a post-treatment making it possible to eliminate these toxic by-products and more particularly the ozone whose concentration at the outlet can exceed 100 ppm (v) (or 0.2 g / m).
• a catalyst which is chosen from activated carbon, zeolite or manganese oxide (MnO2) and which allows a very rapid decomposition of ozone and nitrogen oxides at room temperature.
• a catalyst taking the form of a honeycomb substrate, for example aluminum, which is covered with manganese oxide.
• a honeycomb substrate should have a thickness of at least 10 mm to have sufficient effectiveness in neutralizing ozone.
• the at least one filter located downstream of the ionizer (but upstream of the catalyst), it must be made of a material allowing it to withstand the strongly oxidizing atmosphere resulting from the presence of ozone in quantity at the outlet of the ionizer.
• the filter will be made of mineral material such as glass or ceramic and, particularly preferably, the filter will be based on fiberglass.
• said at least one filter must have at least a thickness of at least 10 mm, in particular of glass fibers.
• the filter advantageously also makes it possible to define an oxidation space between the ionizer and the catalyst. In this space, the particles leaving the ionizer are trapped until their almost complete degradation due to their reaction with ozone.
• said at least one filter has a height less than or equal to 100 mm, preferably less than or equal to 200 mm and, in a particularly preferred manner less than or equal to 300 mm.
• the filter may comprise the superposition of at least two layers, preferably at least three or four layers, and in a particularly preferred manner, at least five or six successive layers of mineral material, typically glass fibers .
• Each of these layers will have a thickness of at least 10 mm, preferably at least 20 mm and, in a particularly preferred manner, at least 30 mm. Now each of these layers will be less than 50mm thick.
• the layers in question may have a linear or V-shaped profile so as to increase the filtration / retention surface.
• this means of pressurizing the air can take the form of a fan, a turbine.
• this means of pressurizing the air is a turbine.
• FIG. 1 illustrates, in diagrammatic view, a preferred embodiment of an air cleaning device according to the invention
• FIG. 2 illustrates in sectional view, an ionizer comprising a dual element with two cells
• FIG. 3 illustrates, in perspective view, a plasma reactor
• FIG. 4 illustrates, in top view, a printed circuit carrier of polarized electrodes for such an ionizer.
• the invention relates to an air cleaning device comprising an ionizer (10) as shown in FIG. 1.
• a device comprises a means for boosting the pressure air (1) in the device which takes the form of a fan (1) which ensures the flow of air in the device, first in G ionizer (10), then in the filter (40) comprising successive layers of glass fibers (41,42,43), and finally in the catalyst (50) to allow the ozone to be removed from the outlet effluents.
• the ionizer comprises two cells joined and inverted with a polarized electrode (12,22), a ground electrode (13,23).
• the first polarized electrode 12 and the second polarized electrode 22 are connected to the same first potential 8 and the first earth electrode 13 and the second earth electrode 23 are connected to the same second potential 9, different from the first potential 8; which potentials are obtained at the terminals of an electrical power source.
• the signs of the first and second potentials 8.9 can be any. However, it is known that G ionization obtained by corona effect is more effective when the polarized electrode is connected to a negative potential (this is known as a discharge electrode). Also, preferably the first potential 8 is negative and the second potential 9 is the mass.
• the preferred structure of this ionizer 10 is given in more detail in FIGS. 2 and 3. In this preferred structure, the ionizer has two cells 11, 21 which are assembled symmetrically (in an inverted configuration). Also, G ionizer 10 has a first plasma cell 11 with corona effect and a second plasma cell 21 with corona effect.
• the first cell 11 comprises a first polarized electrode 12 and a first earth electrode 13, arranged opposite the first polarized electrode 12.
• the second cell 21 comprises a second polarized electrode 22 and a second earth electrode 23, arranged opposite of the second polarized electrode 22.
• Each polarized electrode 12,22 is substantially needle-shaped and has a ground electrode 13,23, placed opposite its polarized electrode 12,22.
• Each earth electrode 13,23 comprises a cylinder 14,24 substantially centered on its polarized electrode 12,222 and a porous film 15,25 substantially plane perpendicular to its respective polarized electrode 12,22.
• each earth electrode 13,23 is held by at least one spacer 17,27.
• a cell 11, 21 is improved in that the cylinder 14, 24 is shaped so as to have a low profile. This means that the height of the cylinder 14,24 is negligible compared to its diameter.
• the diameter of the cylinder is between 20 and 100 mm, preferably between 25 and 75 mm, for example between 30 and 60 mm and, particularly preferably between 35 and 55 mm.
• the thickness of the cylinder it is less than 10 mm, preferably between 1 and 5 mm.
• each polarized electrode 12,22 is shaped sufficiently short, so as not to enter its cylinder 14,24.
• the flow of fluid to be ionized by means of G ionizer 10 is substantially vertical relative to FIGS. 2 and 3.
• these two orientation and polarization characteristics combined advantageously make it possible to fix the first polarized electrode 12 on a first support 16 and the second polarized electrode 22 on a second support 26.
• these two supports 16, 26 can be a single support. 36 common, the polarized electrodes 12,22 being supported respectively each by one face of the support 36.
• the common support 36 can be conductive and be connected to the first polarized electrode 12, to the second polarized electrode 22 and to the first potential 8.
• the common support 36 comprises a printed circuit 36 comprising at least one conductive track 31 connected to the first polarized electrode 12, to the second polarized electrode 22 and to the first potential 8.
• the polarization of a corona plasma device requires a large potential difference between the polarized electrode and the earth electrode, which potential difference is of the order of several thousand volts. Also the first potential 8 is very high and could prove to be annoying for an operator.
• the configuration according to the invention advantageously ensures confinement of this first potential 8 in the middle of the ionizer 10. The first high potential 8 is thus out of the reach of an operator.
• the support 16, 26 being a printed circuit 36, the first potential 8 being distributed within the support by means of a conductive track 31, advantageously disposed in said printed circuit 36, according to another characteristic, a polarized electrode 12,22, substantially in the shape of a needle, is advantageously assembled on the support 16,26 to by means of a via 33 drilled in the printed circuit 36.
• a via 33 is metallized and drilled in a conductive track 31. The drilling is such that it ensures the electrical connection.
• the attachment of the polarized electrode 12,22 in via 33 in a connected manner ensures the connection between the polarized electrode 12,22 and the first potential 8. This allows a simple embodiment of the attachment and the connection of the polarized electrode 12.22.
• the printed circuit 36 being arranged across the flow of fluid is advantageously perforated in order to allow the passage of this flow of fluid.
• at least one day 38 is carried out for this purpose.
• said at least one day 38 can cover the entire surface of the printed circuit 36 with the exception of at least one narrow strip formed around said at least one conductive track 31.
• FIG. 4 An embodiment of a printed circuit 36 intended for an ionizer usable in a device according to the invention is illustrated in FIG. 4 which presents a printed circuit 36 suitable for an arrangement in square grid.
• This printed circuit 36 includes a network, for example rectangular of conductive tracks 31. These tracks are advantageously embedded in the insulating thickness of the printed circuit 36. They are electrically connected to the first potential 8. According to an arrangement substantially in square grid, are drilled vias 33, in which the polarized electrodes 12,22,32 are installed. The printed circuit 36 is cut by days 38 occupying a maximum surface in order to maximize the fluid passage section. This maximum surface is just limited by the saving of a narrow strip around the tracks 31. Holes 39 are provided, advantageously without electrical connection, spatially distributed, to allow fixing of the spacers 17, 27, 37, advantageously made made of insulating material.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Biomedical Technology (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
• Plasma Technology (AREA)
• Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
• Filtering Materials (AREA)
• Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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• 2018
  • 2018-10-25 FR FR1871306A patent/FR3087677B1/fr active Active
• 2019
  • 2019-10-25 WO PCT/EP2019/079246 patent/WO2020084138A1/fr unknown
  • 2019-10-25 JP JP2021522035A patent/JP7295945B2/ja active Active
  • 2019-10-25 CN CN201980070456.6A patent/CN112912161B/zh active Active
  • 2019-10-25 EP EP19794994.4A patent/EP3870342A1/fr active Pending

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