EP3860649A1 - Methode pour traiter une infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine - Google Patents
Methode pour traiter une infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaineInfo
- Publication number
- EP3860649A1 EP3860649A1 EP19795609.7A EP19795609A EP3860649A1 EP 3860649 A1 EP3860649 A1 EP 3860649A1 EP 19795609 A EP19795609 A EP 19795609A EP 3860649 A1 EP3860649 A1 EP 3860649A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- peptide
- seq
- sequence
- consisting essentially
- essentially
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K39/12—Viral antigens
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
- A61K2039/60—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies characteristics by the carrier linked to the antigen
- A61K2039/6018—Lipids, e.g. in lipopeptides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N2740/00—Reverse transcribing RNA viruses
- C12N2740/00011—Details
- C12N2740/10011—Retroviridae
- C12N2740/16011—Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV
- C12N2740/16034—Use of virus or viral component as vaccine, e.g. live-attenuated or inactivated virus, VLP, viral protein
Definitions
- the present invention relates to Medicine, in particular to the treatment of viral diseases, in particular that linked to HIV.
- the human immunodeficiency virus or HIV
- HIV is a retrovirus of the lentivirus genus that infects humans and is responsible for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
- AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
- the global spread of HIV and the extremely high number of people infected with the virus have made AIDS a global health priority.
- HIV infection is a chronic infection with continuous viral replication leading to a decrease in the number of CD4 T cells and immunosuppression.
- Viral replication can be reduced by antiretroviral drugs of different classes. The reduction in viral replication, usually below the threshold for commercial viral load tests, is followed by an increase in CD4 T cells.
- various clinical trials have shown, in patients with virological success, that the interruption of antiretroviral treatment (ARV) was followed by a rebound in viral replication.
- AAV antiretroviral treatment
- lifetime adherence to antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected patients is not a convincing approach due to significant limitations (such as drug resistance, medium and long-term side effects, the cost ).
- Antiretroviral therapy is beneficial in delaying the onset of AIDS, but in patients who have successfully completed antiretroviral therapy, the next step is viral eradication.
- CTL cytotoxic T lymphocyte
- HIV-1 vaccines which are mainly based on “generic” CTL epitopes (virus antigens presented by the HLA system on the surface of infected cells and recognized by CD8 + cytotoxic T lymphocytes).
- HIV-1 proteins of natural origin from circulating viruses notably reference strains such as HXB2
- these epitopes do not always correspond to the epitopes of the circulating virus and a fortiori of the virus archived in patients on an individual basis.
- Patent application WO 2014/095998 described a method for developing a personalized therapeutic vaccine taking into account the sequence of the HIV-1 provirus archived in the particular patient and its HLA system so as to select the optimal epitopes for the patient considered.
- one weakness of this approach is the need to develop one vaccine per patient, which entails significant cost.
- the present invention is based on the selection of CTL epitopes consensus of archived HIV virus, preferably HIV-1, conserved and corresponding to the dominant HLA alleles in patient populations.
- archived HIV virus preferably HIV-1
- HIV-1 conserved and corresponding to the dominant HLA alleles in patient populations.
- the combination of these epitopes can make it possible to vaccinate a large part of the patient population, whatever the archived virus and the HLA alleles of the patient. It makes it possible to respond effectively to viral escape by selection of mutations and to the diversity of HLA systems.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical or vaccine composition
- a pharmaceutical or vaccine composition comprising at least 10 different peptides, each peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 1-16, preferably from SEQ. ID Nos 1-13, 15, and 16 and each peptide having a length of less than 50 amino acids, preferably less than 20 amino acids.
- composition comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence RYPLTFGWCY (SEQ ID NO 8),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence DVGDAYFSV (SEQ ID NO 10),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence GPKVKQWPL (SEQ ID NO 13),
- Group B a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence KLVDFRELNK (SEQ ID NO 6) and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence AIFQSSMTK (SEQ ID NO 7);
- Group C a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence KLVDFRELNK (SEQ ID NO 6), a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence AIFQSSMTK (SEQ ID NO 7) and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence TVQPIVLPEK (SEQ ID NO 9);
- Group D a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SPRTLNAWV (SEQ ID NO 11) and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SPAIFQSSM (SEQ ID NO 12);
- Group E a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence TVLDVGDAY (SEQ ID NO 16) and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SPAIFQSSM (SEQ ID NO 12); each peptide having a length of less than 20 amino acids.
- composition can comprise at least 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 peptides chosen from these peptides.
- said composition comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence RYPLTFGWCY (SEQ ID NO 8),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence DVGDAYFSV (SEQ ID NO 10),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence GPKVKQWPL (SEQ ID NO 13),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SMTKILEPF (SEQ ID NO 15),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence VLAEAMSQV (SEQ ID NO 1), a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence FLGKIWPS (SEQ ID NO 2),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence YQYMDDLYV (SEQ ID NO 3),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence FLWMGYEL (SEQ ID NO 4),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence YELHPDKWTV (SEQ ID NO 5),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence KLVDFRELNK (SEQ ID NO 6),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence AIFQSSMTK (SEQ ID NO 7),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SPRTLNAWV (SEQ ID NO 11),
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SPAIFQSSM (SEQ ID NO 12), and
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence TVLDVGDAY (SEQ ID NO 16).
- composition can also comprise a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence EEMNLPGRW (SEQ ID NO 14),
- the peptides are in the form of lipopeptides.
- the peptides can carry a palmitoyl group, preferably at their C-terminal end, in particular a lysine (palmitoyl) -NH2 group.
- the present invention also relates to this composition for its use as a medicament or vaccine, in particular a vaccine against infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), preferably HIV-1.
- HIV human immunodeficiency virus
- the composition is for its use for the treatment of a patient on antiretroviral treatment, in particular the treatment of a patient in successful antiretroviral treatment.
- said composition is intended to be administered by the intramuscular or intradermal route.
- said composition is used in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor, preferably chosen from a PDI inhibitor or a PD-L1 inhibitor, for example an anti-PD1 antibody or an anti-PD- antibody Ll.
- an immune checkpoint inhibitor preferably chosen from a PDI inhibitor or a PD-L1 inhibitor, for example an anti-PD1 antibody or an anti-PD- antibody Ll.
- Figure 1 shows the results of Elispot obtained for blood samples from a patient in successful treatment and carrying the alleles A * 02: 01, A * 24: 02 and B * 07: 02.
- the cocktails of Pool A1 and A2 peptides are identical and correspond to the peptides of SEQ. ID NO: 1-13, 15 and 16 (experiment carried out in duplicate) and Pool B corresponds to the SEQ peptides. ID # 1, 4, 6, 8, 12
- the present invention relates to the identification of consensus CTL epitopes of conserved HIV viruses and corresponding to the dominant HLA alleles in patient populations.
- the inventor was able to define a composition of peptides comprising these epitopes.
- the epitope combinations according to the invention were identified thanks to a large-scale multicenter clinical study whose objective was to identify, using simulation software, the epitopes inducing a cytotoxic T response as a function of the viral variability of HIV-1 and immunogenetics of patients infected with HIV-1 and in successful antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months.
- a total of 194 patients were enrolled at 5 different sites.
- This study notably included the population sequencing of certain genes of the proviral DNA of HIV-1 extracted from peripheral whole blood and an HLA typing of the patients. Based on the data obtained, the inventor identified a combination of conserved viral epitopes capable of inducing a CTL response.
- the inventor was also interested in the intra-individual variability of the provirus present at the level of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) but also at the level of the lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive tract (GALT), reservoir in which a high rate is found. of archived viruses in patients who have successfully completed antiretroviral therapy. More specifically, the inventor studied the sequences of the HIV epitopes encoded by the provirus at the level of the PBMC and of the GALT obtained by biopsy, and their presentation to the HLA molecules. The inventor thus shown that viruses archived in GALT have a genetic proximity to viruses archived in PBMC in the same patient.
- PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells
- GALT lymphoid tissue associated with the digestive tract
- a positive result was, for example, obtained in a Caucasian patient A * 02: 01, A * 24: 02 and B * 07: 02 for the epitope cocktail of SEQ ID: 1-13, 15 and 16 as well as for a cocktail with five epitopes from SEQ. ID 1, 4, 6, 8 and 12 (Figure 1)
- the pharmaceutical composition comprises peptides comprising the following CTL epitopes defined by the inventors.
- the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical or vaccine composition which comprises at least 10 different peptides, each peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 1-16, preferably from the sequences SEQ. ID Nos 1-13, 15 and 16.
- the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition comprises at least 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 different peptides comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 1-16.
- the peptides are less than 200 amino acids, preferably 100, 50, 40, 30, 20 or 10 amino acids in length.
- the peptides have a length of less than 50 amino acids, preferably less than 20 amino acids.
- composition according to the invention comprises: a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID N0 8, and
- composition according to the invention comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 10,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 14,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 15, and at least one peptide selected from each of the following groups A, B, C, D and E
- Group A a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 2, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 3, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence (SEQ ID NO 4 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 5;
- Group B a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7;
- Group C a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 9;
- Group D a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 11 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ. ID NO 1);
- Group E a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 16 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 12.
- composition according to the invention comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 10,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 15, and at least one peptide selected from each of the following groups A, B, C, D and E
- Group A a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 2, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 3, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 4 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 5;
- Group B a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7;
- Group C a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 9;
- Group D a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 11 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ. ID NO 1);
- Group E a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 16 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 12.
- composition according to the invention comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 14,
- At least one peptide selected from the group consisting of peptides comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 3-7, 9-10, 12-13 and 15-16.
- said composition comprises: a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8,
- At least one peptide selected from the group consisting of peptides comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 3-7, 9-10, 12-13 and 15-16.
- said composition comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 10,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ. ID NO 13,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 14,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 15,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 3,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 4,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 5,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 11,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 12, and
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 16.
- said composition comprises a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ. ID NO 2,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 3,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 4,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 5,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 6,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 7,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 8,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 10,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 11,
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 15, and
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 16.
- the vaccine composition comprises at least 10 different peptides, each peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of a sequence selected from the sequences of SEQ ID NOs 1-13, 15 and 16, provided that the composition comprises:
- a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 15, and
- Group A1 a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 1, a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 2, and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 5; and
- Group D a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 11 and a peptide comprising, consisting essentially of or consisting of the sequence SEQ ID NO 12;
- said composition further comprises:
- the peptide can comprise either a C terminal carboxylic (-COO-) or amidated (-
- the peptide can also be optionally modified at its N-terminal end, for example by an acetyl radical.
- the peptides can be in the form of lipopeptides. Indeed, lipopeptides are well known in the vaccine field to have a self-adjuvant effect. Thus, the peptides can be covalently linked to a chain of fatty acids or to more complex lipids or glycolipids (Moyle and Toth, 2008, Curr Med Chem, 15, 506-516).
- the lipid part can be a sterol, in particular cholesterol, or a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain of 4 to 30 carbon atoms, such as for example palmitic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, 2-amino hexadecanoic acid, pimelautide, trimetauxide.
- the lipid part is a palmitic acid.
- the lipid part can be linked by covalent bond to the C-terminal or N-terminal end of the peptide, either directly or via one or more amino acid (s) selected preferably in the group consisting of lysine , cysteine, serine, and threonine.
- the COOH function of the fatty acid can be linked directly to the aNH2 function or to an NH2 function of the side chain of the added amino acid, in particular by an amide bond.
- the lipid part is linked via an amino acid, preferably a N-terminal or C-terminal lysine of the peptide by amide bonds.
- the lipid part is a palmitoyl chain. In a particular aspect, it is added to a lysine residue added to the C-terminal end of the peptide.
- the lipid part can be linked to the peptide by a hydrazone link (WO03 / 075956).
- the peptides can be fused with helper epitopes, preferably ubiquitous.
- helper T epitope is meant the sequences which induce an helper response mediated by CD4 + T cells of the immune system.
- Any helper T epitope meeting the definition above can be used.
- an auxiliary epitope originating from the tetanus toxin (Mortara et al, 1999, J Virol, 73, 4447-4451), in particular that of sequence QYIKANSKFIGITE (SEQ. ID NO 17).
- a linker sequence can be introduced between the peptide epitope and the helper epitope, for example RGR.
- the helper epitope is added to the N-terminus of the peptide.
- the peptides present in the composition will be at an equivalent concentration for each or possibly different.
- the peptides can be in equiliberal amounts, preferably in equimolar amounts.
- the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition may include pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, vehicles and / or carriers.
- pharmaceutically acceptable carrier or vehicle is used in its conventional sense and can for example represent, for an injectable solution of water, a buffered saline solution or a glucose solution.
- the pharmaceutically acceptable support or vehicle will be selected according to the galenical form chosen, the mode and the route of administration as well as pharmaceutical practice.
- the appropriate carriers or vehicles as well as the pharmaceutical formulation requirements are described in detail in Remington's Phamaceutical Sciences, which represents a reference work in this field.
- the adjuvants are advantageously chosen from the group consisting of: oily emulsions, mineral substances, bacterial extracts, saponin, aluminum hydroxide, monophosphoryl-lipid A and squalene.
- the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition may also comprise helper epitopes, for example from the tetanus toxin (Mortara et al, 1999, J Virol, 73, 4447-4451), and / or adenoviruses such as the adenovirus Ad5 .
- helper epitopes for example from the tetanus toxin (Mortara et al, 1999, J Virol, 73, 4447-4451), and / or adenoviruses such as the adenovirus Ad5 .
- the present invention therefore relates to the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above for its use as a medicament, preferably as a vaccine.
- It relates to the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above for its use in the treatment of an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I; the use of the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above for the manufacture of a medicament or vaccine intended for the treatment of an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I; and to a method of treating an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I, in an HIV infected patient comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above.
- therapeutically effective amount is meant an amount making it possible to reduce the viral load or to decrease the viral replication, in particular to prevent or reduce the viral replication which can occur during the stopping or the reduction of the antiretroviral treatment or even ideally abolish the viral replication at a distance from the therapeutic interruption.
- the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition can be administered by any suitable method, for example by transmucosal or transcutaneous route, but also parenterally, in particular intramuscular, subcutaneous, intradermal, intravenous, preferably intramuscular or intradermal.
- a dose can comprise, for example, from 50 ⁇ g to 10 mg of total peptides, in particular total lipopeptides, preferably from 50 ⁇ g to 5 mg of total peptides, in particular total lipopeptides.
- the patient treated is a patient having been infected with the HIV virus, in particular of type I.
- the patient is on antiretroviral treatment.
- the patient has received or is receiving antiretroviral therapy and has successfully completed antiretroviral therapy.
- the patient in successful antiretroviral treatment is a patient with a viral load less than or equal to 50 copies per ml of plasma or even less than 20 copies per ml of plasma.
- the viral load expressed by the number of copies of RNA / ml of plasma represents the amount of virus present in the blood. It is also known as viral titer or viremia. There are many ways to measure a patient's viral load. A state of the art review can be found in the NIH report published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports, 04/24198, Vol. 47, No. RR-5, revised 06/17/98. It is known that HIV replication rates in infected people can be measured precisely by measuring HIV RNA in plasma.
- HIV RNA in plasma is contained in circular particles of virus or virion, each virion containing 2 copies of HIV genomic RNA.
- concentrations of HIV RNA in the plasma can be quantified either by amplification of the targets (e.g., quantitative polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR], Amplicor HIV Monitor test, Roche Molecular Systems); or by amplification of the nucleic acid sequences, ([NASBA], NucliSensTM HIV-1 QT test, Organon Teknika).
- targets e.g., quantitative polymerase chain reaction [RT-PCR], Amplicor HIV Monitor test, Roche Molecular Systems
- amplification of the nucleic acid sequences [NASBA], NucliSensTM HIV-1 QT test, Organon Teknika).
- the patient is assumed to carry one or more HLA allele (s) from A * 02: 01, A * 03: 01, A * 24: 02, A * ll: 01, A * 68: 02 , B * 07: 02, B * 08: 01, B * 44: 02, B * 15: 01 and B * 35: 01.
- the patient is a Caucasian patient, preferably carrying the HLA alleles A * 02: 01, A * 24: 02 and B * 07: 02.
- the patient has been on antiretroviral therapy for at least 6 months.
- the present invention relates to the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above for its use in the treatment of an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I, in combination with an antiretroviral treatment. ; the use of the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above for the manufacture of a medicament or vaccine intended for the treatment of an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I, in combination with an antiretroviral treatment; and to a method of treating an HIV infection, in particular HIV type I, in an HIV infected patient comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition described above, and the administration of antiretroviral therapy.
- Antiretroviral therapy for patients infected with HIV is well known to those skilled in the art. Different antiretrovirals belonging to several different classes of drugs are available. The table below gives a non-exhaustive description.
- antiretroviral treatment any antiretroviral drug described in this table or combination thereof, in particular the combinations specifically described.
- PDI Purmed cell death 1
- PD-1 is expressed at high levels in HIV-specific “exhausted” CD4 + and CD8 + T cells.
- PD-1 and other immune checkpoint molecules such as LAG-3 (lymphocyte activation-3) are preferentially expressed on the surface of CD4 + T lymphocytes infected with persistently with HIV.
- PD-1 plays a key role in the phenomenon of viral latency and that its blocking can "reverse" the phenomenon of latency. It is thus suggested that administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors to people HIV infected with ART can disrupt viral latency and thus facilitate viral eradication (Fromentin et al., Nature Communication, 2019, 10 article number: 814, Evans et al. AIDS. 2018 32: 1491-1497).
- an immune checkpoint inhibitor in particular an inhibitor directed against the PDI receptor or its ligand PD-L1
- an immune checkpoint inhibitor in particular an inhibitor directed against the PDI receptor or its ligand PD-L1
- the administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor is capable of increasing the immune response induced by the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition according to the invention, in particular in patients with successful antiretroviral treatment whose TCD8 + lymphocytes have functional exhaustion.
- the subject of the invention is also the use of a vaccine or pharmaceutical composition as described above in combination with an immune checkpoint inhibitor for treating an infection with HIV, in particular HIV type I, in particular in a patient undergoing antiretroviral therapy.
- the subject of the invention is also a method of treating an HIV infection, in particular in a patient who has successfully received antiretroviral treatment, in which the pharmaceutical or vaccine composition according to the invention is administered in combination with a point of inhibitor. immune control.
- Combined therapy or "the use of one drug in combination with another” means a treatment in which at least two therapeutic agents are administered to the patient in order to treat a single disease.
- the administration of the two therapeutic agents can be carried out simultaneously, separately, consecutively, simultaneously or successively.
- Therapeutic agents do not need to produce effects at exactly the same time and / or for the same length of time.
- the effects of the therapeutic agents should only overlap for a period sufficient to exercise the combined therapeutic activity sought by their use in combination.
- combination therapy does not necessarily require that the therapeutic agents be administered at the same time, in a single pharmaceutical composition, in the same pharmaceutical dosage form and / or by the same route of administration.
- immune checkpoint inhibitors include, but are not limited to, inhibitors of TLA4, LAG-3 PDI and PD-L1.
- the immune checkpoint inhibitor is a PD-L1 inhibitor or PDI.
- it is more precisely a molecule capable of preventing, blocking or inhibiting the binding of the PDI receptor to its ligand PD-L1.
- PDI is also known as PDCD1, CD279, PD-1, PDI, hPD-1, SLEB2h, SLE1 and Programmed cell death 1.
- PDI is a transmembrane receptor on the surface of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily expressed on cells Activated T and pro-B cells. PDI negatively regulates T cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands.
- PDI is encoded by the PDCD1 gene (NCBI gene: 5133) and preferably has the sequence indicated in the Uniprot database (for example, under the Uniprot access number No. Q.15116.3 of April 17 2007). Its endogenous ligands include PD-L1 and PD-L2.
- PD-L1 is also known by the names CD274, B7-H; B7H1; PDL1; hPD-L1; PDCD1L1, PDCD1LG.
- PD-L1 is encoded by the CD274 gene (NCBI Gene ID: 29126) and preferably has the sequence shown in the Uniprot database under the access number Q.9NZQ.7.1 of October 1, 2000.
- the immune checkpoint inhibitor is chosen from the group consisting of anti-PD-L1 aptamers, anti-PD1 aptamers, anti-PD-L1 antibodies and anti-PD1 antibodies, preferably anti-PD1 or anti-PDL1 antibodies.
- an "anti-PD-L1 antibody”, or an “anti-PD1 antibody” means an antibody which selectively binds a PD-L1 polypeptide or a PDI polypeptide respectively, or a soluble fragment of these.
- said antibody is capable of preventing, more precisely of blocking, the binding of PDI to its ligand PD-L1.
- said antibody is preferably a blocking antibody.
- the anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies are monoclonal antibodies, e.g. fully human, humanized, grafted or chimeric monoclonal antibodies and their antigen binding fragments.
- anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies have been approved for the treatment of certain cancers, in particular refractory and relapsing cancers, or are currently undergoing clinical trials (Darvin et al., 2018, -supra) .
- Anti-PD1 antibodies include, but are not limited to, pembrolizumab (Keytruda ® ), nivolumab (Opdivo ® ), REGN2810 (also called cemiplimab), Camrelizumab (also called SHR-1210), sintilimab IBI308 or Tyvyt ® ), spartalizumab (PDR001), tislelizumab (also known as BGB-A317), pidilizumab and JS001.
- Anti-PD-L1 antibodies include, but are not limited to, avelumab (Bavencio ® ), atezolizumab (Tecentriq ® ), durvalumab (Imfinzi ® ), BMS936559, MDX-1105 and KN305.
- the immune checkpoint inhibitor can be chosen from the anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies mentioned above, as well as their variants, their binding domain fragments and their biosimilars.
- EXAMPLES A clinical study aimed at determining the reactivity of seropositive patients with successful antiretroviral treatment vis-à-vis the vaccine peptide cocktails according to the invention is in progress. This study is based on the use of Elispot with interferon y.
- the vaccine pools tested include in particular the peptide pool comprising the epitopes of SEQ ID NO: 1-13 and 15-16. HLA typing is also available for patients (who were part of the first descriptive study that led to the definition of the vaccine composition). For each pool of peptides, an Elispot test with conventional interferon g was carried out.
- the mononuclear cells are counted and 200,000 cells are used in each well after resuspension in RPMI medium supplemented with SVF.
- the individual concentration of each peptide prepared in PBS 0.4% DMSO is 10 ⁇ g / ml.
- the plates are incubated for 16 h at 37 ° C. and under 5% C0 2, then washed and receive a biotinylated anti-interferon-g antibody. After incubation, any spots are revealed by tetrazolium blue staining.
- the positive controls are the CEF peptide pool and phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
- the incubation with the cocktail of peptides of SEQ ID NO: 1-13, 15 and 16 is duplicated (pool Al and A2).
- the peptide B pool corresponds to the peptides of SEQ ID NO: 1, 4, 6, 8 and 12.
- Figure 1 shows the results obtained for a Caucasian patient carrying alleles A * 02: 01, A * 24: 02 and B * 07: 02.
- the Elispot test is positive for the two cocktails of peptides tested.
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Abstract
Description
Claims
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1859054A FR3086534B1 (fr) | 2018-10-01 | 2018-10-01 | Methode pour traiter une infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine |
| PCT/FR2019/052308 WO2020070427A1 (fr) | 2018-10-01 | 2019-09-30 | Methode pour traiter une infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| EP3860649A1 true EP3860649A1 (fr) | 2021-08-11 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| EP19795609.7A Withdrawn EP3860649A1 (fr) | 2018-10-01 | 2019-09-30 | Methode pour traiter une infection par le virus de l'immunodeficience humaine |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3860649A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3086534B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2020070427A1 (fr) |
Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9340577B2 (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 2016-05-17 | Epimmune Inc. | HLA binding motifs and peptides and their uses |
| FR2771640B1 (fr) * | 1997-12-03 | 2000-02-11 | Inst Nat Sante Rech Med | Micelles mixtes de lipopeptides pour l'induction d'une reponse immunitaire et leurs utilisations a des fins therapeutiques |
| US7462354B2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2008-12-09 | Pharmexa Inc. | Method and system for optimizing minigenes and peptides encoded thereby |
| FR2837104B1 (fr) | 2002-03-14 | 2004-08-06 | Dev Des Antigenes Combinatoire | Utilisation de melange de lipopeptides pour la fabrication de vaccins |
| WO2005033265A2 (fr) * | 2003-04-25 | 2005-04-14 | Epimmune Inc. | Constructions multi-epitope optimisees et leurs utilisations |
| DE602007010127D1 (en) * | 2006-06-01 | 2010-12-09 | Statens Seruminstitut | Hiv-impfstoff |
| KR101523391B1 (ko) * | 2006-12-27 | 2015-05-27 | 에모리 유니버시티 | 감염 및 종양 치료를 위한 조성물 및 방법 |
| EP4079319A1 (fr) * | 2011-10-17 | 2022-10-26 | IO Biotech ApS | Immunothérapie par pd-l1 |
| EP2745845A1 (fr) | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-25 | Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux | Procédé de prévention ou de traitement d'une infection par VIH |
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2018
- 2018-10-01 FR FR1859054A patent/FR3086534B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-09-30 EP EP19795609.7A patent/EP3860649A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2019-09-30 WO PCT/FR2019/052308 patent/WO2020070427A1/fr not_active Ceased
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3086534B1 (fr) | 2020-11-06 |
| WO2020070427A1 (fr) | 2020-04-09 |
| FR3086534A1 (fr) | 2020-04-03 |
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