EP3855470A1 - Elektromagnetisches stellglied und elektrisches schaltgerät, das ein solches elektromagnetisches stellglied umfasst - Google Patents

Elektromagnetisches stellglied und elektrisches schaltgerät, das ein solches elektromagnetisches stellglied umfasst Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3855470A1
EP3855470A1 EP21152887.2A EP21152887A EP3855470A1 EP 3855470 A1 EP3855470 A1 EP 3855470A1 EP 21152887 A EP21152887 A EP 21152887A EP 3855470 A1 EP3855470 A1 EP 3855470A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
circuit
auxiliary
actuator
coil
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP21152887.2A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3855470B1 (de
Inventor
Remy Orban
Cédric BRICQUET
Régis Perrocheau
Stéphane FOLLIC
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Industries SAS filed Critical Schneider Electric Industries SAS
Publication of EP3855470A1 publication Critical patent/EP3855470A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3855470B1 publication Critical patent/EP3855470B1/de
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/36—Stationary parts of magnetic circuit, e.g. yoke
    • H01H50/42—Auxiliary magnetic circuits, e.g. for maintaining armature in, or returning armature to, position of rest, for damping or accelerating movement
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/08—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets with armatures
    • H01F7/081—Magnetic constructions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
    • H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
    • H01H3/28—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism using electromagnet
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H50/00—Details of electromagnetic relays
    • H01H50/16—Magnetic circuit arrangements
    • H01H50/18—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature
    • H01H50/20—Movable parts of magnetic circuits, e.g. armature movable inside coil and substantially lengthwise with respect to axis thereof; movable coaxially with respect to coil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical switching device comprising such an actuator.
  • Electromagnetic actuators generally comprise a fixed armature which carries at least one coil capable of generating a magnetic field, and a movable part which moves in translation under the action of the magnetic field generated by the coil, thanks to a magnetic circuit which serves to channel the magnetic flux.
  • the movable part is generally mechanically coupled to electrical contacts or to a switching mechanism, to selectively open or close an electrical circuit.
  • a drawback is that, in this case, the electric currents induced by the magnetic field can no longer flow in the stacking direction of the plates, because of poor electrical conductivity at the interfaces between the plates.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit allows the induced currents to flow in the actuator when a magnetic field is generated, while these induced currents cannot flow in other portions of the actuator, such as the circuit.
  • magnetic which are formed by assemblies of laminated ferromagnetic plates.
  • the induced currents generate a phase shift between the magnetic flux and the control electric current used to power the coil, which generates an electromotive force visible on the voltage across the coil.
  • This electromotive force can be used to implement diagnostic methods and / or detection of the state of wear or the state of operation of the actuator.
  • the induced currents flowing in the auxiliary magnetic circuit nevertheless remain sufficiently low so as not to degrade the performance of the actuator, in particular so as not to generate excessive energy losses.
  • an electrical switching device comprises an electromagnetic actuator as defined above.
  • the figures 1 and 2 show an electromagnetic actuator 2 according to embodiments.
  • the actuator 2 comprises an armature 4 carrying at least one coil 6, a movable part 8 and a ferromagnetic yoke 10 configured to channel a magnetic flux created by the coil 6.
  • Said at least one coil 6 is configured to generate a magnetic field along a longitudinal axis X2, which here corresponds to a direction of movement of the movable part 8.
  • two coils 6 are mounted on the frame 4 one beside the other and are controlled jointly. In practice, several coils 6 can be used together to generate the magnetic field. Alternatively, however, only a coil 6 can be used.
  • Each coil 6 here has the shape of a cylinder having the axis X2 as its central axis.
  • the coil or coils 6 are configured to be supplied electrically by a control circuit, not illustrated, which may be external to the actuator 2.
  • the reinforcement 4 is made of an electrically insulating material, such as a polymer material, for example polyamide, or any suitable material.
  • the movable part 8 is arranged to move relative to the armature 4 under the action of the magnetic field created by the coil or coils 6.
  • the movable part 8 is configured to move reversibly and selectively in translation between a retracted position and an extended position relative to the frame 4. In the example illustrated, this movement is carried out by translation in the direction X2.
  • the movable part 8 cooperates with the yoke 10 to form a magnetic circuit capable of channeling the magnetic flux created by the coil or coils 6.
  • the movable part 8 and the yoke 10 are both made of a magnetic material, preferably a ferromagnetic material.
  • the yoke 10 is at least partly formed by an assembly of rolled metal plates, or even completely formed by an assembly of rolled metal plates.
  • the movable part 8 is also at least partly formed by an assembly of rolled metal plates, or even completely formed by an assembly of rolled metal plates.
  • the metal plates, or sheets are superimposed within the assembly along a direction perpendicular to the axis X2.
  • the mobile part 8 and the yoke 10 have complementary shapes which allow the magnetic flux created by the coil or coils 6 to be looped back.
  • the movable part 8 has a “T” shape and comprises an elongated central portion 12 in the form of a bar, which extends along the axis X2.
  • the central portion 12 here has a cross section of rectangular shape, this cross section being defined in a transverse plane perpendicular to the axis X2.
  • the movable part 8 also comprises arms 14, for example two arms 14, arranged at the distal end of the central portion 12 and extending perpendicularly to the central portion 12.
  • the armature 4 here comprises a central orifice 16 which extends along the axis X2 and which is surrounded by the coil (s) 6.
  • a flux corresponding magnetic circulates along the central part 12.
  • the central part 12 is received inside the central orifice 16 and slides along the central orifice 16 when the movable part 8 moves in translation.
  • the cylinder head 10 has for its part a closed shape with a C-shaped profile, the upper and lower faces of which are here parallel to the axis X2.
  • the yoke 10 which defines a central cavity inside which the frame 4 is housed.
  • the distal ends of the upper and lower faces of the yoke 10 here comprise spreaders 18, which are in the form of folded edges of the upper and lower faces of the yoke 10.
  • the spreaders 18 are arranged opposite the arms 14 of the mobile part 8.
  • the spreaders 18 facilitate the looping of the magnetic flux between the yoke 10 and the mobile part 8.
  • the arms 14 are respectively in contact with the spreaders 18 or, on the contrary, remote from the spreaders 18.
  • the arms 14 facilitate the looping back of the magnetic flux between the movable part 8 and the yoke 10 in the magnetic circuit, even when the spreaders 18 are omitted.
  • the actuator 2 can be used in an electrical switching device, such as a contactor, or a relay, or a remote-controlled switch, or an electrical protection device, or equivalent.
  • an electrical switching device such as a contactor, or a relay, or a remote-controlled switch, or an electrical protection device, or equivalent.
  • an electrical switching apparatus has one or more separable electrical contacts that are movable between open and closed states to selectively interrupt or allow the flow of electrical current.
  • the actuator 2 can be coupled to the movable contacts of the switching apparatus, for example to move them directly, or be coupled to a switching mechanism associated with the switching apparatus configured to move the contacts when it is triggered by the actuator.
  • the movable part 8 is coupled to an actuation lever of the switching mechanism.
  • electrical devices of a different nature can incorporate such an actuator 2.
  • a diagnostic method, and / or a method for estimating the state of wear or the operating state of the actuator is implemented by a diagnostic device associated with such an electrical device or actuator 2.
  • Other diagnostic and / or monitoring methods can be used as a variant.
  • the actuator 2 further comprises an auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 made of an electrically conductive material.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 is configured to allow the circulation of currents induced within it when a magnetic field is created by the coil 6.
  • the induced currents are for example eddy currents.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 has a ring shape, or more generally a closed contour shape, which surrounds at least part of the magnetic flux generated by the coil or coils 6 and circulating in the magnetic circuit formed by the coil. 'association of the moving part 8 and the cylinder head 10.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 is therefore arranged so as to surround at least part of the magnetic circuit formed by the association of the movable part 8 and the yoke 10.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 surrounds a cross section of at least part of said magnetic circuit.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 directly surrounds the central part 12 of the movable part 8, or surrounds the central orifice 16 of the frame 4 (and in fact surrounds the central part 12, at least partially).
  • ring-shaped is meant here a closed contour delimited by the auxiliary circuit 20 which may have a circular shape, or essentially circular, or elliptical, or square, or rectangular, or polygonal, or any shape. suitable allowing the circulation and looping of an induced electric current loop when a magnetic field is generated by the coil (s) 6 when arranged around the magnetic flux generated by the coil (s) 6.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 delimits a closed contour in a geometric plane perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to the axis X2, or more generally, in a geometric plane perpendicular or essentially perpendicular to the direction of the magnetic flux flowing in the magnetic circuit formed by the moving part 8 and by the cylinder head 10.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 comprises a metal part, such as a hollow metal plate, mounted on the frame 4, for example mounted on a front face 22 of the frame 4.
  • This hollow plate thus has the shape of a ring.
  • the metal part can be an electrical conductor folded back on itself, such as a wire or a metal tape folded back on itself or a short-circuited coil.
  • the metal part is distinct from the magnetic circuit formed by the association of the moving part 8 and the yoke 10.
  • the metal part can be placed on a portion of the armature 4 separating two coils 6, or inside the armature 4 under one of the coils 6, an electrically insulating element then being able to be interposed between the coil 6 and said metal part.
  • the metal plate forming the auxiliary circuit 20 comprises a central orifice 24 intended to be aligned with the central orifice 16 of the frame 4.
  • Said metal part can be fixed to the frame 4 by means of dedicated fasteners, or by gluing, or by welding, or by any suitable means.
  • openings 26 are made at several locations of the metal part. Each opening 26 is configured to cooperate with a corresponding fixing stud 28 formed on the frame.
  • the front face 22 of the frame 4 may include a recess, or groove, forming a housing for receiving the metal part forming the auxiliary circuit 20, and in which the fixing studs 28 are formed.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 allows the induced currents to flow in the actuator when a magnetic field is generated by the coil 6, while these induced currents cannot flow in other portions of the actuator.
  • actuator like the magnetic circuit, which are formed by assemblies of laminated ferromagnetic plates.
  • the induced currents generate a phase shift between the magnetic flux generated by coil 6 and the control electric current used to power coil 6, which generates an electromotive force visible on the voltage across coil 6.
  • This electromotive force can be used to implement diagnostic methods and / or detection of the state of wear or of the operating state of the actuator, for example those described by the patent application EP 2584575 B1 , or with other methods which may be used as an alternative.
  • the induced currents flowing in the auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 nevertheless remain sufficiently low so as not to degrade the performance of the actuator 2, in particular so as not to generate excessive energy losses.
  • the invention therefore makes it possible to obtain an electromagnetic actuator which is robust and inexpensive to manufacture, and which is compatible with diagnostic and / or monitoring and / or state detection methods.
  • the material forming the auxiliary circuit 20 is a non-magnetic metallic material, such as copper, or aluminum, or any suitable material or alloy, preferably a metallic material having a low resistivity.
  • a metallic material will preferably be chosen for which the coefficient of thermal variation of the electrical resistivity is less than or equal to 0.005 K -1 .
  • auxiliary 20 makes it possible to reduce the variations in skin thickness when induced currents are generated and circulate in the auxiliary circuit 20, which ultimately makes it possible to reduce or even eliminate the variations in equivalent resistance of the circuit. auxiliary 20.
  • Such a method of diagnosis and / or monitoring and / or state detection is therefore easier to implement and gives more reliable results than in the case where induced currents flow in a solid magnetic material.
  • the conductive material forming the auxiliary circuit 20 can be a magnetic metal, such as a ferromagnetic metal.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 can be placed elsewhere than on the armature 4, while nevertheless being placed so as to surround at least part of the magnetic flux generated by the coil 6.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 can also be produced other than by means of an attached magnetic part.
  • an electromagnetic actuator 2 ′ comprises an auxiliary magnetic circuit 20 ′ which comprises a layer of an electrically conductive material formed on the surface of the armature by a method of treatment of surface, such as an electroless or electrochemical deposit of a metal such as nickel or tin. For example, this layer and here formed on the face 22.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 has the shape of a closed contour surrounding the magnetic flux generated by the coil 6.
  • the auxiliary circuit 20 comprises at least one metal part surrounding one of the end arms 14 of the movable part 8.
  • the metal part is for example as described above with reference to the actuator 2.
  • the closed contour of the auxiliary circuit does not extend around the axis X2, since the arm 14 (and therefore the magnetic flux channeled by the magnetic circuit) is here perpendicular to the axis X2.
  • two such metal parts are used, each surrounding one of the two arms 14 of the movable part 8, to form two auxiliary circuits.
  • the magnetic flux is divided into two, half of the magnetic flux passing through each of the two arms 14.
  • the movable part 8 is made of solid magnetic material and the yoke 10 is entirely formed by assembling rolled metal plates.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit is then formed by the mobile part 8, in which the induced currents can flow freely, since this mobile part 8 is then made of solid ferromagnetic material.
  • the yoke 10 is made of solid magnetic material and the movable part 8 is entirely formed by assembling rolled metal plates.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit is then formed by the yoke 10, in which the induced currents can flow freely, since it is then made of solid ferromagnetic material.
  • the spreaders 18 of the yoke 10 are made of solid magnetic material, the remainder of the yoke 10 being formed by assembling rolled metal plates.
  • the auxiliary magnetic circuit is then formed by the spreaders 18, in which the induced currents can flow freely, since the spreaders 18 are made of solid ferromagnetic material.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnets (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
EP21152887.2A 2020-01-24 2021-01-22 Elektromagnetisches stellglied und elektrisches schaltgerät, das ein solches elektromagnetisches stellglied umfasst Active EP3855470B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR2000703A FR3106694B1 (fr) 2020-01-24 2020-01-24 Actionneur électromagnétique, appareil de commutation électrique comprenant un tel actionneur électromagnétique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3855470A1 true EP3855470A1 (de) 2021-07-28
EP3855470B1 EP3855470B1 (de) 2023-03-15

Family

ID=70614063

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21152887.2A Active EP3855470B1 (de) 2020-01-24 2021-01-22 Elektromagnetisches stellglied und elektrisches schaltgerät, das ein solches elektromagnetisches stellglied umfasst

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US11631563B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3855470B1 (de)
JP (1) JP2021118183A (de)
CN (1) CN113178301A (de)
FR (1) FR3106694B1 (de)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2469568A1 (de) * 2009-08-20 2012-06-27 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co., Ltd. Elektromagnetisches schütz
EP2779191A1 (de) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 LSIS Co., Ltd. Auslösebetätigung für Schalter eines Stromkreises
DE102013007989A1 (de) * 2013-04-30 2014-10-30 Euchner Gmbh + Co. Kg Hubmagnet, insbesondere Zuhaltemagnet eines Sicherheitsschalters, und Sicherheitsschalter mit einem solchen Hubmagnet
EP2584575B1 (de) 2011-10-21 2016-12-21 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Betriebszustands für einen Schütz und Schütz zur Implementierung dieses Verfahrens

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3492228B2 (ja) * 1999-02-09 2004-02-03 株式会社テクノ高槻 鉄心および該鉄心を用いる電磁駆動機構
KR200451951Y1 (ko) * 2008-12-31 2011-01-25 엘에스산전 주식회사 적층 코어를 사용한 모노스테이블 영구자석형 액추에이터
JP6300157B2 (ja) * 2013-08-02 2018-03-28 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 電磁継電器
JP6235374B2 (ja) * 2014-02-27 2017-11-22 株式会社東芝 開閉器の操作機構
DE102014208014B4 (de) * 2014-04-29 2020-03-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Elektrischer Schalter mit elektromagnetischem Aktuator
JP6558571B2 (ja) * 2015-07-01 2019-08-14 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 電磁継電器
US20210027964A1 (en) * 2018-03-23 2021-01-28 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Electromagnetic relay

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2469568A1 (de) * 2009-08-20 2012-06-27 Fuji Electric Fa Components & Systems Co., Ltd. Elektromagnetisches schütz
EP2584575B1 (de) 2011-10-21 2016-12-21 Schneider Electric Industries SAS Verfahren zur Diagnose eines Betriebszustands für einen Schütz und Schütz zur Implementierung dieses Verfahrens
EP2779191A1 (de) * 2013-03-14 2014-09-17 LSIS Co., Ltd. Auslösebetätigung für Schalter eines Stromkreises
DE102013007989A1 (de) * 2013-04-30 2014-10-30 Euchner Gmbh + Co. Kg Hubmagnet, insbesondere Zuhaltemagnet eines Sicherheitsschalters, und Sicherheitsschalter mit einem solchen Hubmagnet

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR3106694A1 (fr) 2021-07-30
EP3855470B1 (de) 2023-03-15
FR3106694B1 (fr) 2022-02-18
US20210233730A1 (en) 2021-07-29
CN113178301A (zh) 2021-07-27
US11631563B2 (en) 2023-04-18
JP2021118183A (ja) 2021-08-10

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