EP3839397A1 - Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3839397A1
EP3839397A1 EP19000578.5A EP19000578A EP3839397A1 EP 3839397 A1 EP3839397 A1 EP 3839397A1 EP 19000578 A EP19000578 A EP 19000578A EP 3839397 A1 EP3839397 A1 EP 3839397A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fins
fin
welded
gas
walls
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19000578.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Guido Calzolari
Maria Auriemma
Joachim Wilhelm
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fores Engineering Srl
Fores Eng Srl
Original Assignee
Fores Engineering Srl
Fores Eng Srl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fores Engineering Srl, Fores Eng Srl filed Critical Fores Engineering Srl
Priority to EP19000578.5A priority Critical patent/EP3839397A1/fr
Publication of EP3839397A1 publication Critical patent/EP3839397A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/101—Tubes having fins or ribs
    • F22B37/102—Walls built-up from finned tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/104—Connection of tubes one with the other or with collectors, drums or distributors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
    • F28D21/0001—Recuperative heat exchangers
    • F28D21/0003—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases
    • F28D21/001—Recuperative heat exchangers the heat being recuperated from exhaust gases for thermal power plants or industrial processes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/0041—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for only one medium being tubes having parts touching each other or tubes assembled in panel form
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
    • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
    • F28D7/163—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation with conduit assemblies having a particular shape, e.g. square or annular; with assemblies of conduits having different geometrical features; with multiple groups of conduits connected in series or parallel and arranged inside common casing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/14—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally
    • F28F1/22—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending longitudinally the means having portions engaging further tubular elements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and device for cooling hot gases from reactions of gaseous, liquid and solid fuels under pressure, the hot reaction gases giving off their heat to a cooling medium (e.g. water) with the generation of steam.
  • a cooling medium e.g. water
  • Shell & Tube heat exchangers are widely used in industry for numerous reasons, in particular: a) because they are easy to calculate, because there are defined flow conditions in the tubes, b) because they are easy to manufacture and c) because they can be easily scaled up is by increasing the number of tubes.
  • Shell & Tube heat exchangers have application limits: they are not suitable in the high temperature range above 1000 - 1100 ° C and for very large amounts of gas, in particular because of inadmissibly high thermal stress on tubes and tube plates caused by differential thermal expansion of the with hot gas pressurized pipes and the large wall thicknesses of the pipe plates.
  • There is also an upper limit for very large amounts of gas since the diameter of the tube plates (and thus their wall thickness - especially at higher water pressures) cannot be increased as desired, since thermal stress problems can no longer be managed.
  • the wall thicknesses of the pressure jacket and the tube plates are also very large, which is economically disadvantageous.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method and a device that solves the problems described above (thermal stress problems, process engineering problems, scale-up problems) and a cooling of very large amounts of gas up to over 1 million Nm3 / h under pressure in the high temperature range up to up to 1650 oC in a single 'single stream' heat exchanger, whereby a parallel connection of several smaller heat exchangers is avoided.
  • the advantages of the 'shell &sube' principle should be retained, ie simple calculability or defined flow conditions in the gas-carrying pipes, simple manufacture, and simple 'scale-up' possibility through multiplication.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that a thermally stress-free construction was developed in which the tube plates are eliminated and therefore the tubes or the gas-carrying elements are no longer limited in their thermal expansion and thermal stress loads are thereby largely avoided.
  • This enables a 'scale-up' into the high temperature range with very large amounts of gas.
  • pipes on the inside of which steam is generated and on the outside of which the hot gas to be cooled flows, are provided with two to six longitudinally welded fins, depending on the application ( Fig. 1 ).
  • the tubes with welded-on fins are then welded to one another to form a fin wall, whereby the remaining fins that are not welded protrude into the gas space and touch the adjacent fin wall when they are stacked, so that defined flow channels with non-circular cross-sections are created ( Fig. 2-6 ).
  • the stacked fin walls are not welded to one another, but merely touch each other so that they can expand freely in relation to the neighboring fin walls and thus avoid thermal stress.
  • the individual tubes of the fin walls open at the top and bottom into collectors for the fresh water inlet and the steam / water outlet.
  • the fin walls provided with collectors are alternately stacked on top of each other so that there is between the individual fin walls Form gas channels with geometrically defined cross-sectional shapes in which the hot gas flows and gives off its heat to the water / steam mixture flowing on the inside of the pipes.
  • the gas channels formed according to this construction principle take on the function of the gas-carrying pipes in Shell & Tube heat exchangers, but in this case no pipe plates are necessary. Since the individual fin walls are not welded together and can thermally expand freely, the result is a low-stress construction that can also be used for the highest temperatures above 1500 oC and any large amount of gas.
  • Another advantage of the construction according to the invention is that the geometric shape of the gas channels and their surface can be freely designed and adapted to the various applications and fluids a) by choosing the number of fins per tube, b) by choosing the fin width and c ) by the way the fin walls are stacked in a bundle.
  • Fin tubes with two fins can be used to create fin walls in which every second, third or nth tube is rotated by 90 degrees and then welded to form a fin tube wall.
  • the standing fins protruding into the gas space touch the neighboring fin walls when they are stacked together and thus form quasi-square or quasi-rectangular gas channels (see Fig. 2 and 2a ).
  • Fin tubes with three fins can be used to form three types of fin walls, which can be stacked together in various ways and simulate quasi triangular or hexagonal gas channels Fig. 3 , 3a and 3c .
  • Fin tubes with four fins can be used to form two types of fin walls, which can be stacked together in different ways and simulate quasi-square or polygonal gas channels Figures 4a and 4c
  • Fin tubes with five fins can be used to form two types of fin walls, which can be stacked together in various ways and simulate polygonal gas channels Figures 5 and 5a .
  • Fin tubes with six fins can be used to form three types of fin walls, which can be stacked together in various ways and simulate quasi triangular or hexagonal gas channels Figures 6a and 6b .
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can advantageously be used for cooling down hot product gas streams in the high temperature range under pressure with large volumes (> 500,000 Nm3 / h) and increased gas temperatures (800 oC-1650 oC), with simultaneous generation of high-pressure steam up to the highest pressures (> 250 bar).
  • Typical areas of application are processes such as steam reforming and autothermal reforming, especially with very large product gas volumes,
  • the method according to the invention and the device according to the invention can advantageously be used for cooling hot product gas streams in the high-temperature range under pressure with simultaneous generation of high-pressure steam up to the highest pressures (> 250 bar).
  • Typical areas of application are processes such as steam reforming and autothermal reforming, especially large-scale plants with very large synthesis gas volumes (> 1 million Nm3 / h) and increased gas temperatures (> 1050-1100 oC), an area in which the traditional Shell & Tube heat exchangers are scaled up (Waste Heat Boiler) is no longer possible.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)
EP19000578.5A 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds Withdrawn EP3839397A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19000578.5A EP3839397A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19000578.5A EP3839397A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3839397A1 true EP3839397A1 (fr) 2021-06-23

Family

ID=69104180

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19000578.5A Withdrawn EP3839397A1 (fr) 2019-12-20 2019-12-20 Procédé et dispositif de refroidissement de gaz chauds

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3839397A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117628935A (zh) * 2023-10-17 2024-03-01 徐州昇科源信息技术有限公司 一种新能源汽车电机用空气循环回路热交换器

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1106016A (fr) * 1954-06-10 1955-12-12 Alsthom Cgee Nouveau procédé de constitution de surfaces d'échange thermique
US3433298A (en) * 1966-05-03 1969-03-18 Schmidt Sche Heissclampf Gmbh Heat exchanger especially for the cooling of hot gases
DE1501640A1 (de) * 1966-05-03 1969-11-06 Schmidt Sche Heissdampfgmbh Waermeaustauscher,insbesondere zum Kuehlen frischer Spaltgase und/oder Synthesegase
DE1501641A1 (de) * 1966-11-02 1970-05-21 Schmidt Sche Heissdampfgmbh Waermeaustauscher,insbesondere zum Kuehlen frischer Spaltgase und/oder Synthesegase
EP0155341A2 (fr) * 1983-09-06 1985-09-25 Man Gutehoffnungshütte Gmbh Réacteur debout destiné à la production de méthanol
FR3001254A1 (fr) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-25 Chuen-Yu John Chan Installation et procede pour produire de l'energie mecanique ou electrique a partir d'un fluide a temperature superieure a la temperature ambiante

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1106016A (fr) * 1954-06-10 1955-12-12 Alsthom Cgee Nouveau procédé de constitution de surfaces d'échange thermique
US3433298A (en) * 1966-05-03 1969-03-18 Schmidt Sche Heissclampf Gmbh Heat exchanger especially for the cooling of hot gases
DE1501640A1 (de) * 1966-05-03 1969-11-06 Schmidt Sche Heissdampfgmbh Waermeaustauscher,insbesondere zum Kuehlen frischer Spaltgase und/oder Synthesegase
DE1501641A1 (de) * 1966-11-02 1970-05-21 Schmidt Sche Heissdampfgmbh Waermeaustauscher,insbesondere zum Kuehlen frischer Spaltgase und/oder Synthesegase
EP0155341A2 (fr) * 1983-09-06 1985-09-25 Man Gutehoffnungshütte Gmbh Réacteur debout destiné à la production de méthanol
FR3001254A1 (fr) * 2013-01-18 2014-07-25 Chuen-Yu John Chan Installation et procede pour produire de l'energie mecanique ou electrique a partir d'un fluide a temperature superieure a la temperature ambiante

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117628935A (zh) * 2023-10-17 2024-03-01 徐州昇科源信息技术有限公司 一种新能源汽车电机用空气循环回路热交换器

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