EP3839188A1 - Method for implementing a frame and frame thus obtained - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing a frame 1 comprising reservations intended for mounting operating accessories, the frame 1 being formed by two complementary half-shells 2, 3, respectively interior INT and exterior EXT, monobloc, arranged opposite each other. -vis and held against each other by fixing means, delimiting between them a closed volume space, the method comprising the following steps: - Cutting from a flat metal sheet of a specific development of each of the two half-shells 2, 3 cutting out the reservations of the operating accessories; - Folding of the lateral edges of the development of each of the half-shells, - Assembly of the two half-shells by bringing the side edges thus folded of the two half-shells 2 into contact, 3 by interlocking to define the volume space with prior to the contacting and interlocking of the half-shells 2, 3, installation in the volume space V of cork.

Description

Technical area

The present invention relates to a method for producing a frame and to a frame produced by this method.

State of the art

At present, the frames consist of frames of wood, aluminum, steel or plastic such as PVC within which panels are integrated. A frame can be mobile in which case it is called an opening and it is housed in a frame. But this frame can also be fixed.

The frames are in a known manner made up of wooden, aluminum or plastic frames inside which panels are integrated, for example for the production of doors.

But for better strength, are also known, in the industrial or collective housing fields, doors obtained from tubular metal profiles cut into sections to be assembled to form the uprights and cross members of the frame which will subsequently be dressed with facings under. the form of openings, referred to in the rest of the description as “clear glass”, which include, by way of nonlimiting example, bars, glazing or grids.

Such frames are made from steel sections, so as to give them strength, good weldability, while being recyclable.

However, the implementation of steel profiles has the drawback of limiting the dimensions of the uprights, cross members and facings, therefore of customizing them, the latter being added after having produced a frame from the uprights and cross members by means of welding operations.

This also has the drawback not only of increasing the number of assembly operations but also, due to the cutting of the sections and then their welding, of creating rough areas and unsightly weld seams which have to be subsequently ground.

Once the frame has been produced in this way, it must be treated against corrosion and finally painted, bearing in mind that given the number of machining operations and reworking, the elements cannot be painted beforehand.

It is the same with regard to the fixing on a frame opening accessories such as hinges, locks, handles, door closers, or mounting screws in the case of a fixed frame, etc. which require machining operations such as drilling, milling, which can only be carried out after forming the frame of the chassis, whether for use as a door or a window, or at least after cutting the profile, this profile, according to its very definition, is manufactured in a linear fashion, without the possibility of mechanical interventions.

Description of the invention

• Découpe à partir d'une feuille métallique d'un développé de chacune des deux demi coques;
• Réalisation sur le développé de chacune des deux demi coques de lignes de micro-ruptures délimitant l'ouverture dite clair de vitre et des réservations;
• Pliage des bords latéraux du développé de chacune des demi coques,
• Assemblage des deux demi coques par mise en contact des bords latéraux ainsi pliés des deux demi-coques par emboitement pour définir l'espace volumique.

The object of the present invention is to remedy these various drawbacks and to this end relates to a method for producing a frame comprising a so-called clear window opening and reservations intended for the mounting of operating accessories, the frame being formed by two complementary half-shells, interior and exterior respectively, monobloc, arranged vis-à-vis and held against each other by fixing means, delimiting between them a closed volume space, the method comprising the following steps:

• Cutting from a metal sheet of a developed of each of the two half-shells;
• Realization on the development of each of the two half-shells of lines of micro-breaks delimiting the so-called clear window opening and reservations;
• Folding of the lateral edges of the development of each of the half-shells,
• Assembly of the two half-shells by bringing the thus folded side edges of the two half-shells into contact by interlocking to define the volume space.

The present invention also relates to the following characteristics, which must be considered in isolation or in all their possible technical combinations:
Advantageously but optionally, the lateral edges of the developed each of the half-shells are bent at an angle of between 70 ° and 110 °. According to one embodiment illustrated here, the lateral edges of the developed of each of the half-shells are bent at an angle of approximately 90 °.

According to a first variant, the method comprises beyond the lines of the micro-breaks, the production on one of the half-shells of caterpillars along lines of folding towards the inside of the edges of the window clear (AB), of so as to produce a rebate. The thickness of this rebate is part of the thickness of the frame, preferably but optionally this rebate has the same thickness as the frame. These rebates are used to assemble the elements intended to fill the so-called clear window opening. The assembly on the rebate makes it possible to reduce or hide the assembly means, limiting their impact on the overall aesthetics of the frame. This rebate is made on the internal half-shell preferably but optionally to prevent access to the assembly means from the outside of the wall on which the frame is mounted, thus making it possible to limit break-ins.

Advantageously but optionally, the step of folding the tracks is carried out at an angle of between 70 ° and 110 ° towards the inside of the edges of the window clear (AB).
According to one embodiment illustrated here, the step of folding the tracks is carried out at an angle of approximately 90 ° towards the inside of the edges of the window clear (AB).

According to a second variant, the method comprises a step of placing an insulating material in the volume space.

According to one embodiment illustrated here, the insulating material enclosed in the volume space is cork. Preferably but optionally, the cork is a treated cork known under the name of expanded cork.

According to a third variant, the method comprises a step in which the faces of the insulating material enclosed in the volumetric space formed by the two half-shells are assembled against facing faces of the two half-shells by gluing. This makes it possible to secure the walls and the insulation together and thus improve the structural strength of the frame.

According to a fourth variant, the method comprises a step in which the two half-shells are connected to one another by peripheral welds at the level of peripheral junction planes of the two half-shells. This makes it possible to hide the welds on the edges of the chassis, thus improving the aesthetics of the latter. In addition, during the operations of grinding and polishing the welds, the coating of the two main faces of the frame remains intact and therefore does not require an expensive rework operation for the deposition of a new anti-corrosion layer and a new finishing layer. The fact of gluing the insulation and making the welds on the edges of the frame makes it possible to obtain an improved estheticism of the door at little cost.

An opening frame is obtained by a process comprising one or more of the preceding characteristics. This makes it possible to produce an opening such as a door, for example, comprising all of the aforementioned characteristics.

A fixed frame is obtained by a method comprising one or more of the preceding characteristics. This makes it possible to provide a homogeneity of the frames and an improved aesthetic appearance for, for example, the same building comprising fixed frames and opening frames.

This description, given by way of non-limiting example, will make it easier to understand how the invention can be implemented with reference to the appended drawings in which:

Brief description of the figures

• The figure 1 shows a plan view of an opening frame according to the invention.
• The figure 2 shows a side view of the opening frame according to figure 1 .
• The figure 3 shows a top view of the opening frame according to the figure 1 .
• The figure 4 is a plan view of the interior facing (INT) after cutting out the reservations and before folding for the production of an opening frame according to the figure 1 .
• The figure 5 is an enlarged view of the detail Z according to the figure 4 .
• The figure 6 is a view according to figure 4 of the interior facing (INT), after folding.
• The figure 7 is a plan view of the exterior cladding (EXT), after cutting and before folding.
• The figure 8 is a view according to figure 7 of the exterior facing (EXT), after folding.
• The figure 9 is a sectional view along line AA of the figures 6 and 8 , respectively of the interior (INT) and exterior (EXT) facings, before assembly, by an interposed insulation.
• The figure 10 is a sectional view along line BB of the figures 6 and 8 , respectively of the interior (INT) and exterior (EXT) facings, before assembly, by an interposed insulation.
• The figure 11 is a sectional view along line AA of the figures 6 and 8 , respectively of the interior (INT) and exterior (EXT) facings, after assembly, by an interposed insulation.
• The figure 12 is a sectional view along line BB of the figures 6 and 8 , respectively of the interior (INT) and exterior (EXT) facings, before assembly, by an interposed insulation.
• The figure 13 shows a plan view of a fixed frame according to the invention.
• The figure 14 shows a top view of the fixed frame according to figure 13 .
• The figure 15 shows a side view of the opening frame according to figure 13 .

detailed description

Frame 1 generally designated on the figure 1 is an opening frame designated in the remainder of the description by the term “door” cited by way of example, on which operating accessories (not shown) are attached.
The door 1 is formed by two complementary half-shells 2, 3, respectively interior INT and exterior EXT, monobloc, arranged vis-à-vis and held against each other by fixing means, delimiting between them a closed volume space "V".
According to the invention, the two complementary half-shells 2, 3 include the reservations for the operating accessories.
Advantageously, the volume space contains an insulating material 4. Preferably, the insulating material 4 enclosed in the volume space “V” is cork.
According to the method of making such a door 1, each of the two half-shells 2,3 forming it is obtained distinctly from the other from a flat metal sheet corresponding to its own developed, on which are successively performed a cutting operation, by laser or by punching, reservations 117-124 of the accessories of operation, then a folding operation, preferably but optionally at an angle between 70 ° and 110 °, preferably but optionally at an angle of about 90 ° from its side edges inwards, then brought into contact with each other by interlocking to define the volume space “V”. The opening 1 being glazed, the half-shells 2, 3 comprise at least one opening A, A ', B, B' called clear window, delimited on each of the developed by lines formed of micro-breaks 101-108 in view of their subsequent cuts. Beyond the lines of the micro-breaks 101 -108, are made on one of the shells of the tracks 109-116 according to fold lines, preferably but optionally at an angle between 70 ° and 110 °, preferably but optionally at an angle of about 90 ° towards the inside of the edges of the window clear AB, so as to produce a rebate therein.
The insulating material 4 enclosed in the volumetric space "V" formed by the two half-shells 2, 3 has its faces facing the internal faces of the two half-shells 2, 3 glued.
In this way, the blank flat metal sheet can be pre-lacquered and protected by a peelable plastic film, on the face of the flat metal sheet which must constitute one of the visible faces of the door, which allows all the folding operations, and this makes it possible to deliver, at the end of the process, facings ready to be assembled without degreasing, without complex painting operations and without handling.

According to another embodiment, the two half-shells 2, 3 are interconnected by peripheral welds at their peripheral junction planes g, u-r, s-h, t.

The operations for producing a frame such as a door according to the aforementioned method are for example the following:

I - Cutting operation

• réalisation par découpe laser des micro attaches 101,102,103,104, délimitant le clair de vitre « A » et 105,106,107,108 du clair de vitre « B » ;
• réalisation par découpe laser des chenilles 109,110,111,112 du clair de vitre « A » et 113,114,115,116 du clair de vitre « B » ;
• réalisation par découpe laser de réservations 142 tel que des lumières permettant à travers celles-ci de souder dans une étape ultérieure des pièces de tôle de forte épaisseur (non représentées ici) destinées à supporter les moyens de rotation de l'ouvrant 1 (non représentés ici);
• réalisation par découpe laser des réservations 121 et 122 permettant le passage et la fixation de contreplaques de ventouses électromagnétiques, éléments du verrouillage de l'ouvrant ;
• réalisation par perçage des réservations 123 et 124 pour la fixation d'une poignée (non représentée) ;
• réalisation par découpe laser des réservations 117,118,119,120 sur l'un des côtés des clairs de vitre « A » et « B » pour permettant l'accès ultérieur à l'intérieur de l'ouvrant aux moyens de fixation d'une poignée et de contreplaques de ventouses électromagnétiques
• réalisation par découpe laser des amorces de pliage 133,134,135,136 et 137,138,139,140 autour des clairs de vitre « A » et « B ».

Cutting operation on the interior half-shell 2 INT:

• realization by laser cutting of micro fasteners 101,102,103,104, delimiting the window clear "A" and 105,106,107,108 of the window clear "B";
• production by laser cutting of the tracks 109,110,111,112 of the window clear "A" and 113,114,115,116 of the window clear "B";
• production by laser cutting of reservations 142 such as lights allowing through them to weld in a later step pieces of very thick sheet metal (not shown here) intended to support the means of rotation of the opening 1 (not shown here);
• realization by laser cutting of the reservations 121 and 122 allowing the passage and the fixing of counterplates of electromagnetic suction cups, elements of the locking of the opening;
• making reservations 123 and 124 by drilling for fixing a handle (not shown);
• realization by laser cutting of reservations 117,118,119,120 on one of the sides of the clear windows "A" and "B" to allow subsequent access inside the opening to the means for fixing a handle and counterplates. electromagnetic cups
• production by laser cutting of the folding initiators 133,134,135,136 and 137,138,139,140 around the clears of the window "A" and "B".

• réalisation par découpe laser des micro attaches 125,126,127,128 délimitant le clair de vitre « A' » et 129,130,131,132 du clair de vitre « B' » ;
• réalisation par découpe laser de réservations 143 tel que des lumières permettant à travers celles-ci de souder dans une étape ultérieure des pièces de tôle de forte épaisseur (non représentées ici) destinées à supporter les moyens de rotation de l'ouvrant 1 (non représentés ici);
• réalisation par perçage des réservations 133 et 134 pour la fixation de la poignée (non représentée) correspondant aux réservations 123 et 124 de la demi coque intérieure (INT).

Cutting operation on the outer half-shell 3 EXT:

• production by laser cutting of micro fasteners 125,126,127,128 delimiting the window clear “A '” and 129,130,131,132 of the window clear “B'”;
• production by laser cutting of reservations 143 such as lights allowing through them to weld in a later step pieces of very thick sheet metal (not shown here) intended to support the means of rotation of the opening 1 (not shown here);
• realization by drilling of the reservations 133 and 134 for fixing the handle (not shown) corresponding to the reservations 123 and 124 of the inner half-shell (INT).

• élimination par découpe des micro-attaches 101,102,103,104 et 105,106,107,108 des panneaux correspondant aux clairs de vitre « A » et « B » de la demi-coque intérieure INT ;
• élimination par découpe laser des micro attaches 125,126,127,128 et 129,130,131,132 correspondant aux clairs de vitre « A' » et « B' » de la demi-coque extérieure EXT.

Cutting operation on the 2 inner (INT) and 3 outer (EXT) half-shells:

• elimination by cutting of the micro-fasteners 101,102,103,104 and 105,106,107,108 of the panels corresponding to the clear glass “A” and “B” of the interior half-shell INT;
• elimination by laser cutting of micro fasteners 125,126,127,128 and 129,130,131,132 corresponding to the clear glass “A '” and “B'” of the external half-shell EXT.

II - Folding operation, always directed inwards, that is to say opposite the face of the flat metal sheet which must constitute one of the visible faces of the door

• pliage à 90° des parties périphériques a,b,c,d ;
• pliage à 90° de la partie « e » autour de la ligne « f » ;
• contre-pliage g,h,i à 90° des parties b,c,d ;
• pliage à 90° des parties k,l,m,n entourant le clair de vitre « A » et k',l',m',n' entourant le clair de vitre « B ».

Folding operation on the inner half-shell 2 INT:

• 90 ° bending of the peripheral parts a, b, c, d;
• 90 ° folding of part "e" around line "f";
• counter-folding g, h, i at 90 ° of parts b, c, d;
• bending at 90 ° of the parts k, l, m, n surrounding the window clear "A" and k ', l', m ', n' surrounding the window clear "B".

• pliage successif à 90° des parties périphériques o,p,q,r ;
• contre-pliage s,t,u à 90° des parties o,p,q.

Folding operation on the outer half-shell 3 EXT:

• successive 90 ° bending of the peripheral parts o, p, q, r;
• counter-folding s, t, u at 90 ° of the parts o, p, q.

III - Assembly operation

• On assemble les demi-coques 2 et 3 réunies fixement par l'intermédiaire de la colle.
• L'encollage peut se faire également en deux étapes, face après face. Il y a alors une première étape d'encollage entre l'isolant 4 et une première demi-coque, suivi par un temps de séchage, puis par une deuxième étape d'encollage entre l'isolant 4 et la seconde demi-coque.
• Optionnellement, on soude des plans de jonction périphériques g,u-r,s-h,t des demi-coques 2 et 3.
• Montage des accessoires.

- We have in the volume space “V”, around the clears of panes “AA'-BB '”, half-shells 2 and 3, the insulation 4, in this case cork, after gluing on its faces , preferably on the faces opposite the faces of the two half-shells.

• The half-shells 2 and 3 are assembled together fixedly by means of the glue.
• The gluing can also be done in two stages, face after face. There is then a first gluing step between the insulation 4 and a first half-shell, followed by a drying time, then by a second gluing step between the insulation 4 and the second half-shell.
• Optionally, peripheral junction planes g, ur, sh, t of the half-shells 2 and 3 are welded.
• Mounting of accessories.

• Moins de pièces mises en œuvre, donc moins de reprises, et conséquemment plus économique.
• Intégration directe au découpage laser des réservations pour les accessoires.
• Repérage des pièces par marquage laser (évite les erreurs d'identification des pièces).
• Possibilité d'intégrer des décors par découpe laser.
• Plus de robustesse car deux coques monobloc.
• Moins de reprises anti-corrosion car moins de soudures dans le cas de parements soudés.
• Pas de reprises anti-corrosion dans le cas de parements collés.
• Intégration d'isolants entre les deux parements par collage direct à la colle polyuréthane.
• Temps de mise en œuvre considérablement réduit de par le process automatisé de découpe et pliage - plus économique.
• Conception des portes selon des dimensions standards pour maximiser la répétabilité.
• Programmation paramétrique de la machine permettant d'évoluer automatiquement vers des dimensions sur mesures.
• Possibilité de fabriquer les portes avec des tôles de différentes épaisseurs (1mm - 1,2mm - 1,5mm - 2mm), et différentes matières (acier brut, acier électrozingué, acier inoxydable, cuivre, laiton, etc.).
• Possibilité de travailler la tôle peinte directement d'origine.
• Possibilité de faire varier l'épaisseur du châssis avec ce concept pour permettre l'adjonction d'isolant plus épais, donc plus performant, ainsi que des vitrages isolants plus épais également.
• Intégration d'un isolant - liège expansé - ayant les caractéristiques suivantes :
  • Bonne stabilité dimensionnelle : tenue au flambage - résistance à la déformation, dilatation, flexion.
  • Bonne tenue à la compression : tenue aux agressions extérieures : effraction - vandalisme.
  • Excellent isolant thermique et phonique.
  • Excellent isolant vibratoire : non propagation des vibrations dans un châssis et limitation des phénomènes de caisse de résonnance dus aux fermetures et claquements dans le cas de châssis ouvrants.
  • Absorbe les vibrations et les bruits générés par le claquement des électro-aimants dans le cas d'une utilisation pour la réalisation d'un châssis ouvrant.
  • Limitation de la propagation de la flamme en cas d'incendie.
  • Ne dégage pas de toxicité en se consumant.
  • Résiste à l'eau et empêche les phénomènes de condensation à l'intérieur des portes et de par le fait de corrosion.
  • Mise en œuvre de cet isolant aisée car découpage très facile.
  • Collage de cet isolant facile.
  • Très léger, ne pénalise pas le poids du châssis, et plus particulièrement dans le cas de la fermeture de châssis ouvrants, ce qui préserve les organes de fermeture comme les ferme-portes hydrauliques.
  • Imputrescible, hydrofuge.
  • Amélioration de l'étanchéité
  • ne gonfle pas sous atmosphère humide.
  • Bonne tenue aux brouillards salins.
  • 100% recyclable, biodégradable, très longue tenue dans le temps.
  • Bonne résistance aux parasites, aux acides, aux rongeurs.

A frame designed in this way has the following advantages:

• Fewer parts used, therefore fewer rework, and consequently more economical.
• Direct integration into laser cutting of reservations for accessories.
• Parts identification by laser marking (avoids part identification errors).
• Possibility of integrating decorations by laser cutting.
• More robustness because two one-piece shells.
• Fewer anti-corrosion repairs because fewer welds in the case of welded facings.
• No anti-corrosion repairs in the case of glued facings.
• Integration of insulation between the two facings by direct bonding with polyurethane glue.
• Significantly reduced set-up time due to the automated cutting and folding process - more economical.
• Design of doors to standard dimensions to maximize repeatability.
• Parametric programming of the machine allowing to evolve automatically towards custom dimensions.
• Possibility of manufacturing the doors with sheets of different thicknesses (1mm - 1.2mm - 1.5mm - 2mm), and different materials (raw steel, electro-galvanized steel, stainless steel, copper, brass, etc.).
• Possibility of working the painted sheet directly from the origin.
• Possibility of varying the thickness of the frame with this concept to allow the addition of thicker insulation, therefore more efficient, as well as thicker insulating glazing as well.
• Integration of an insulation - expanded cork - with the following characteristics:
  • Good dimensional stability: resistance to buckling - resistance to deformation, expansion, bending.
  • Good compression resistance: resistance to external aggressions: break-in - vandalism.
  • Excellent thermal and sound insulation.
  • Excellent vibration insulator: no propagation of vibrations in a chassis and limitation of sound box phenomena due to closures and slamming in the case of opening frames.
  • Absorbs vibrations and noises generated by the slamming of electromagnets when used for the realization of an opening frame.
  • Limitation of flame spread in the event of fire.
  • Does not emit toxicity when consumed.
  • Water resistant and prevents condensation phenomena inside the doors and due to corrosion.
  • This insulation is easy to use because it is very easy to cut.
  • Bonding of this easy insulator.
  • Very light, does not penalize the weight of the frame, and more particularly in the case of the closing of opening frames, which preserves the closing devices such as hydraulic door closers.
  • Rot-proof, water-repellent.
  • Improved sealing
  • does not swell in a humid atmosphere.
  • Good resistance to saline mists.
  • 100% recyclable, biodegradable, very long lasting.
  • Good resistance to parasites, acids, rodents.

According to another embodiment, a fixed frame 1 'as illustrated in the figures 13 to 15 can be made in the same way as the opening frame 1 of the figure 1 . The operating accessories are then retaining screws [numbers to be added] intended to hook the frame 1 'to the rest of the peripheral structure to the frame 1'. These accessories require reservations in the form of lights 141 to be made during the steps preceding the folding of the metal sheet, instead of the step of making reservations for the opening frames 1 as described above.

In the example shown on figures 13 to 15 , reservations 141 are lights and are on the inner shell 2 INT.

Claims (10)

Method for producing a frame (1) comprising reservations intended for mounting operating accessories, the frame (1) being formed by two complementary half-shells (2, 3), respectively interior (INT) and exterior ( EXT), monobloc, arranged vis-à-vis and held against each other by fixing means, delimiting between them a closed volume space (V), characterized in that the method comprises the following steps: ∘ from a flat metal sheet of a clean developed of each of the two half-shells (2,3) cutting out the reservations (117-124) of the operating accessories; ∘ Folding the lateral edges of the development of each of the half-shells towards the inside, ∘ Assembly of the two half-shells by bringing the folded side edges of the two half-shells (2, 3) into contact by interlocking to define the volume space (V), with prior to contacting and interlocking the half-shells ( 2, 3), placed in the volume space (V) of cork forming an insulating material (4). Process for producing a frame (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the cork forming an insulating material (4) is a treated cork known under the name of expanded cork. Method for producing a frame (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the lateral edges of the developed of each of the half-shells are bent at an angle of between 70 ° and 110 °. Method for producing a frame (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said frame (1) has an opening (AA'-BB ') called clear window and in that, after the cutting step and before the folding step, the method comprises a step of producing on the developed of each of the two half-shells lines of micro-breaks (101-108) delimiting the opening (AB) called clear window and reservations. Method for producing a frame (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the faces of the insulating material (4) enclosed in the volumetric space (V) formed by the two half-shells (2, 3) are assembled against facing faces of the two half-shells (2, 3) by gluing. Method for producing a frame (1) according to one of claims 4 to 5, characterized in that , beyond the lines of the micro-breaks (101-108), are produced on one of the halves. shells of the tracks (109-116) along fold lines towards the inside of the edges of the window clear (AB), so as to produce a rebate. Method for producing a frame (1) according to claim 63, characterized in that the step of folding the caterpillars is carried out at an angle of between 70 ° and 110 ° towards the inside of the edges of the window clear ( AB). Method for producing a frame (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the two half-shells (2, 3) are connected to each other by peripheral welds at the level of peripheral junction planes (g, ur, sh, t) of the two half-shells (2, 3). Opening frame (1), characterized in that it is obtained by a process according to one of claims 1 to 8. Fixed frame (1) characterized in that it is obtained by a process according to one of claims 1 to 8.

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