EP3833877A1 - Ventilateur - Google Patents

Ventilateur

Info

Publication number
EP3833877A1
EP3833877A1 EP20720347.2A EP20720347A EP3833877A1 EP 3833877 A1 EP3833877 A1 EP 3833877A1 EP 20720347 A EP20720347 A EP 20720347A EP 3833877 A1 EP3833877 A1 EP 3833877A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
volume flow
measuring wheel
flow measuring
impeller
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
EP20720347.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Frieder Loercher
Alexander Herold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ziehl Abegg SE
Original Assignee
Ziehl Abegg SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ziehl Abegg SE filed Critical Ziehl Abegg SE
Publication of EP3833877A1 publication Critical patent/EP3833877A1/fr
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G01F1/103—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission with radiation as transfer means to the indicating device, e.g. light transmission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/16—Centrifugal pumps for displacing without appreciable compression
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D19/00—Axial-flow pumps
    • F04D19/002—Axial flow fans
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • F04D25/0606—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump
    • F04D25/0666—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven the electric motor being specially adapted for integration in the pump a sensor is integrated into the pump/motor design
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/26—Rotors specially for elastic fluids
    • F04D29/28—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/281—Rotors specially for elastic fluids for centrifugal or helico-centrifugal pumps for radial-flow or helico-centrifugal pumps for fans or blowers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4213—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps suction ports
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/4206—Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/4226—Fan casings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40—Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
    • F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
    • F04D29/526—Details of the casing section radially opposing blade tips
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G01F1/11—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission with mechanical coupling to the indicating device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G01F1/115—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission with magnetic or electromagnetic coupling to the indicating device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G01F1/12—Adjusting, correcting, or compensating means therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/05—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects
    • G01F1/10—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by using mechanical effects using rotating vanes with axial admission
    • G01F1/12—Adjusting, correcting, or compensating means therefor
    • G01F1/125—Adjusting, correcting, or compensating means therefor with electric, electro-mechanical or electronic means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/66—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters
    • G01F1/666—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow by measuring frequency, phase shift or propagation time of electromagnetic or other waves, e.g. using ultrasonic flowmeters by detecting noise and sounds generated by the flowing fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/82—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted using a driven wheel as impeller and one or more other wheels or moving elements which are angularly restrained by a resilient member, e.g. spring member as the measuring device
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/845—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8454—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits rotating or rotatingly suspended measuring conduits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/86—Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure
    • G01F1/90—Indirect mass flowmeters, e.g. measuring volume flow and density, temperature or pressure with positive-displacement meter or turbine meter to determine the volume flow
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
    • F24F2110/30—Velocity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fan, in particular an axial fan and preferably a backward curved radial fan.
  • a fan in particular an axial fan and preferably a backward curved radial fan.
  • Such a fan has an impeller equipped with blades, which is driven by an electric motor.
  • an electric motor for the purpose of regulating such a fan, there is a need to determine the volume flow during operation of the fan. So far, this has only been done on the basis of electrical data (in particular the current drawn) from the electric motor.
  • electrical data in particular the current drawn
  • the volume flow cannot be calculated clearly.
  • the volume flow calculation with the aid of differential pressure measurements is also known from practice. This is complex and associated with excessive inaccuracies for many applications.
  • the volume flow rate is often determined via the shaft torque. Otherwise, the volume flow is determined by measuring the differential pressure or using a vane anemometer, often on the downstream side of the fan. For this, reference is made to WO 2018/036802 A1.
  • the measurements and determinations of the air volume flow known from practice are on the one hand complex and on the other hand imprecise. They are therefore only suitable to a limited extent as the basis for fan control (constant volume flow control).
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of designing and developing a fan of the generic type in such a way that it is possible to determine the volume flow while the fan is in operation using simple technical means. Using such a volume flow determination, it should be possible to create a simple control mechanism for the fan. In addition, the fan of the invention should differ from competitive union products.
  • a device for determining the air flow when the impeller is rotating is then assigned to the fan. This device comprises a volume flow measuring wheel arranged in the air flow, which is arranged on the inflow side in front of the impeller. The air volume flow is calculated or derived from the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel is arranged approximately coaxially to the impeller axis, which simplifies the storage of the volume flow measuring wheel.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel is mounted on a structure arranged on the inflow side in front of the impeller, in particular in front of an inlet nozzle.
  • this structure is a functional component of the fan, for example a protective grille or an inflow grille. Existing functional components of the fan can thus be used without any further design effort.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel is a rotating wheel. Accordingly, it is rotatably mounted on a shaft, preferably on an optionally extended shaft of the motor.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel extends across the flow cross section in the inflow area of the fan, the outer radius of the volume flow measuring wheel in an advantageous embodiment being less than 75% of the maximum radius of the assigned flow cross section.
  • the signal from the volume flow measuring wheel is important, from which the measured values are derived.
  • the signal from the volume flow measuring wheel can be generated by means of electrical and / or magnetic and / or acoustic and / or vibration-related sensors / sensors. Inductive measurements, measurements with a Hall sensor, optical measurements, acoustic measurements or even vibration measurements can be used. Accordingly, magnetic and / or light-reflecting and / or electrical components are arranged on / in the volume flow measuring wheel and / or on / in the rotor of the motor and / or on / in an inlet nozzle of the fan. With the aid of the sensors additionally provided here, interactions between the components of the fan, in particular the motor and the sensors, can be used.
  • Physical quantities or composite quantities can be determined to determine the air volume flow.
  • the interaction of the rotor magnets with an electrical element on the volume flow measuring wheel can be used.
  • the optical access between the stator and the volume flow measuring wheel through openings on the rotor can also be used.
  • Optical accesses between the stator of the motor and the volume flow meter can also be used.
  • electrical signals can be transmitted via electrically conductive components, for example via the shaft of the motor / volume flow measuring wheel.
  • the acoustic signature of the volume flow meter can be measured and used as well. In particular, acoustic phenomena / signatures resulting from interactions with the impeller or its blades can also be used.
  • Magnetic and / or light-reflecting and / or electrical components that are part of the device for determining the air flow can be advantageously on or in the volume flow measuring wheel, on or in the rotor of the motor and / or on or in an inlet nozzle of the fan and / or be arranged on a structure arranged on the inflow side in front of the impeller. According to the above explanations, interactions between the components of the fan and the elements mentioned above can be used to obtain physical quantities or composite quantities for determining the air flow.
  • the air volume flow is determined without the influence of the speed of the impeller or taking into account a correction factor which at least rudimentarily takes into account the speed of the impeller.
  • the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel can also be determined directly with reference to a reference system from the signals from the volume flow rate measuring wheel.
  • the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel relative to the speed of the impeller of the fan can be determined from the signals of the volume flow measuring wheel.
  • the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel can be determined from the signals of the volume flow measuring wheel as the sum of the speed of the impeller and the relative speed between the impeller and the volume flow measuring wheel. A reliable determination of the air volume flow is essential.
  • the hardware components of the device for determining the air flow are preferably assigned to the motor or integrated into the motor independently of the impeller. Consequently, the device for determining the air volume flow does not require any additional installation space.
  • the volume flow meter uses the space already available on the inlet side and can be used positively to promote the flow and reduce noise.
  • the hardware components of the device for determining the air flow are essentially assigned to the inflow-side structure in front of the impeller or are integrated into it, independently of the impeller. grated. Consequently, the device for determining the air volume flow does not require any additional installation space.
  • the volume flow meter uses the space already available on the inlet side and can be used positively to promote the flow and reduce noise.
  • the volume flow meter integrated in the structure on the inflow side can, if required, be used in a modular fashion for fans, regardless of their impeller. With different impellers, inlet nozzles, guide devices or installation situations, different calibration values can advantageously be stored and used for determining the volume flow depending on the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel and, if applicable, the impeller.
  • the signals and the measurement data of the volume flow measuring wheel resulting therefrom, in particular the air flow determined from the signals and measurement data, are fed to a control of the fan.
  • This regulation can serve in particular to maintain a predetermined or predeterminable volume flow. This also applies in particular to changing operating conditions.
  • a regulating mechanism is created with simple means.
  • Fig. 1 in an axial plan view from the inflow side from an exemplary embodiment of a fan with inventive volume flow measuring wheel, which extends almost over the entire radial loading area of the flow cross-section
  • Fig. 2 in an axial plan view from the inflow side from an exemplary embodiment of a fan with inventive volume flow measuring wheel, which extends only over a radially inner portion of the flow cross-section
  • FIG. 3 seen from the side and in section on a plane through the fan axis, the fan with a volume flow measuring wheel according to Figure 2,
  • Fig. 5 in a perspective view, seen obliquely from the inflow side, a further embodiment of a volume flow measuring wheel, which has a strongly curved course of its wings or their inflow edges,
  • FIG. 7 shows, in a perspective view at an angle from the inflow side, a fan with an inflow grille according to FIG. 6, and FIG.
  • Figure 1 shows an axial plan view and seen from the inflow side from an exemplary embodiment of a fan 1 with volume flow measuring wheel 2.
  • the volume The flow measuring wheel 2 extends almost over the entire radial area of the flow cross section of the inflow nozzle 5, for example at its narrowest point.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 essentially consists of a hub 7 and blades 6 attached to it.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 13 by means of a bearing 19 (see FIG. 3).
  • the shaft 13 rotates with the speed of rotation of the rotor 11 of the motor 4 or the impeller 3 of the fan 1. It is an elongated shaft of the motor 4. Due to the bearing with the lowest possible frictional torque (ball bearings, slide bearings, etc.) ) the volume flow measuring wheel 2 can rotate freely and independently of the shaft 13 and its rotational movement.
  • the speed of rotation of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is a well-suited indicator of the air volume flow which enters the fan impeller 3 through the inlet nozzle 5, i.e. the air volume flow that is conveyed by the fan 1. In order to determine the volume flow, the speed of rotation of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 must be determined.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in an axial plan view and viewed from the inflow side, a further exemplary embodiment of a fan 1 with a volume flow measuring wheel 2.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 extends only over a radially inner portion of the flow cross section of the inflow nozzle 5.
  • the accuracy of the air volume flow determination can be slightly reduced compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is more compact, cheaper to manufacture and brings less interference into the air flowing through a stream nozzle 5, which can have advantages in terms of the noise generated and the efficiency.
  • the blades 6 of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 are designed in a special way, so that, as a result of the air volume flow, there is a suitable, for example, the delivery rate sets the proportional speed of the volume flow rate measuring wheel 2.
  • the proportionality constant of this ratio can be controlled by the design of the wing 6 ge.
  • the wings 6 advantageously have a cross-section similar to that of a wing in aircraft.
  • the rear edge of the wings 6 is advantageously thin, if possible ⁇ 1 mm.
  • the blades 6 are advantageously twisted, that is, the blade angle varies over the radius, so the distance to the fan axis.
  • the inflow edge has a more rounded shape, without kinks and edges. At the radially outer end, the wings 6 taper freely.
  • the blades 6 essentially have a course along a radial beam as viewed from the fan axis, which means that the bending load and deformation during operation as a result of the rotational speeds remains low.
  • the radially outer end of the blades of the volume flow measuring wheel can also be designed in a special way in other embodiments, for example similar to that of a winglet or tapering to a point.
  • the blades of a volume flow measuring wheel can also be designed like loops or connected to one another in pairs in a radially outer area.
  • Figure 3 shows from the side and in section on a plane through the fan axis, the fan 1 with a volume flow measuring wheel 2 according to Figure 2.
  • the fan impeller 3 which consists essentially of a hub ring 10, a cover ring 8 and extending therebetween There are blades 9, driven by a motor 4.
  • the fan impeller 3 is fastened to the rotor 11 of the motor 4 by means of a fastening device 15.
  • the motor 4 is an external rotor motor, built up from the rotor 11, which is arranged radially essentially outside the stator 12. An air gap 21 is formed between rotor 11 and stator 12.
  • a shaft 13 is formed in the area of the fan axis, which is fixedly connected to the rotor 11 and which extends partly within the stator 12. It is rotatably connected to the stator 12 via the bearings 18.
  • the stator 12 has, inter alia, a receiving space 17 for electronic components. Permanent magnets, which are not explicitly shown, are present in the radially outer region of the rotor 11.
  • the shaft 13 extends on the side facing the stator 12 beyond the rotor 11, in the area of the inlet nozzle 5.
  • the volume flow meter 2 with respect to the Shaft 13 attached to rotate freely.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 can assume a rotational speed independent of the rotational speed of the rotor 11 of the motor 4.
  • the speed of rotation of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is defined by the air volume flow that enters the impeller 3 from the right through the inlet nozzle 5 and is conveyed by the fan as a result of its speed of rotation. It is measured by a sensor system and used to determine the air volume flow. It can be seen that in the embodiment, the volume flow measuring wheel 2 extends only over a radially inner sub-area of the flow surface of the inlet nozzle 5.
  • FIG. 4 shows from the side and in section on a plane through the fan axis the fan 1 with a volume flow measuring wheel 2 according to FIG. 1.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 with its blades 6 extends radially almost over the entire flow surface of the inlet nozzle 5, which leads to an even more precise detection of the air volume flow. This is especially true if there are disturbed, asymmetrical inflow conditions.
  • such a volume flow measuring wheel 2 is also larger, more agile to manufacture and leads to major disturbances that are superimposed on the inflow and which can lead to increased acoustics and reduced levels of effectiveness.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 has a rotational speed relative to the rotor 11 of the motor 4 during operation.
  • the speed relative to the rotor 11 can be determined and added to the speed of rotation of the rotor 11, or the The speed of rotation of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 can be determined directly with regard to the system at rest, for example with regard to the stator 12.
  • Optical accessibility between the stator 12 and the blades 6 of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 can be implemented, for example, via openings 14 on the rotor 11.
  • the openings 14 also have the function of enabling a flow of cooling air through the air gap 21 towards the inflow area of the fan impeller 3.
  • provisions can be provided on one or more blades 6 of the volume flow measuring wheel 2, for example reflectors, permanent magnets or electrical components such as coils or Hall sensors.
  • An alternating magnetic field which occurs on the volume flow measuring wheel 2 as a result of the relative speed to the rotor 11 provided with permanent magnets can be used.
  • Sensors or signal transmitters such as permanent magnets, acoustic signal transmitters or light-emitting diodes can also be attached to stationary parts (stator 12 or inlet nozzle 5).
  • the sensor signals can be processed and further used in electronics, which are advantageously installed in the receiving area 17.
  • FIG. 5 shows in a perspective view, seen at an angle from the inflow side, a further embodiment of a volume flow measuring wheel 2. It has a hub 7 with a receiving area 20 for bearings and vanes 6 which are connected to the hub 7 at a transition 25.
  • the transition 25 is rounded in order to have good strength.
  • the vanes 6 have inflow edges 23 which, viewed in the flow direction, lie at the front of the vanes 6, and outflow edges 24, which, seen in the flow direction, lie at the rear of the vanes 6.
  • the wings 6 in the exemplary embodiment and their inflow edges 23 and their outflow edges 24 are strongly curved.
  • an inner part 32 of the inflow edges 23 is optimized and suitable for a more axially parallel inflow and an outer part 33 is optimized or suitable for a more radial inflow, for example towards the axis.
  • the inflow edge 23 or the wing 6 is strongly curved.
  • receiving areas 22 are formed for one magnet each.
  • the magnets are used to record the speed in conjunction with a sensor located opposite the magnets during operation, advantageously a Hall sensor.
  • the magnets can be cast in, glued in, pressed in or otherwise attached to one or more wings 6. Overall, it is advantageous to have at least two magnets evenly distributed over the circumference in order to avoid an excessive unbalance of the volume flow measuring wheel 2.
  • FIG. 6 shows, in a perspective view, seen obliquely from the outflow side, the volume flow measuring wheel 2 according to FIG. 5 with an inflow grille 26 on which it is attached and supported.
  • An inflow grille 26 is attached in front of an inlet nozzle 5 of a fan 1 in accordance with the illustration in FIG.
  • a different type of support structure can also be used for a volume flow meter 2 as long as it does not significantly impair the inflow to the inlet nozzle 5, for example a contact protection grille or a support structure.
  • the inflow grille 26 according to the embodiment shown is fastened to the fastening provisions 27 on the fan 1 or a nozzle 5 or a nozzle plate 29 (see FIG. 8).
  • the conveying medium flows through the inflow grille 26 through flow openings 28 which are designed so that the losses during the flow are low.
  • the inflow grille 26 can even increase the efficiency of the fan and reduce the noise emission by equalizing the inflow conditions.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is rotatably mounted on the inflow grille 26 in the area of the fan axis, which roughly coincides with the axis of the inflow grille 26, within the inflow grille 26, i.e. in the flow direction after the inflow grille 26 the inflow grille 26 connected axis 34, which is integrated or attached to the inflow grille 26.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 rotates relative to the inflow grille 26, and by measuring its speed, the delivery volume flow can be determined with good accuracy during operation.
  • the equalization of the inflow through the inflow grille 26 also has an advantageous effect on the accuracy and the temporal stability of the volume flow measurement, in particular in the case of asymmetrical or turbulent inflows.
  • the inflow edges 23 of the blades 6 of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 are facing the inflow grille 26 and follow the inner contour of the inflow grille 26 at a distance. a large part of the area flowed through, for example at least 90%.
  • the inflow grille 26 has a more radial flow in a radially outer region and an axial flow in a radially inner region.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 with its inner part 32 and the outer part 33, as already described for FIG. 5, is well adapted to this flow pattern.
  • FIG. 7 shows a perspective view obliquely from the inflow side of the fan 1 with an inflow grille 26 according to FIG. 6.
  • the inflow grille 26 is fastened to fastening devices 27 on the fan 1, here on the nozzle plate 29, for example by means of screws (not shown).
  • An inlet nozzle 5 is integrated or attached to the nozzle plate 29 (see FIG. 8), which cannot be seen in FIG. 7 because of the inflow grille 26.
  • the to flow grille 26 has a closed central area 30, which is good for it suitable to mount a volume flow measuring wheel there, namely on the inside of the inflow grille 26, which is not visible here.
  • the entire conveying medium volume flow passes through the inflow grille 26. In a radially outer area, more towards the nozzle plate 26, the inlet speeds are more radially directed. In an area closer to the axis or the central area, the entry speeds are oriented more axially.
  • FIG. 8 shows in a perspective view and in section on a plane through the axis of rotation of the impeller 3 the fan 1 according to FIG. 7.
  • the illustration clearly shows the volume flow measuring wheel 2 and its mounting on the inflow grille 26.
  • the central area 30 of the inflow grille 26 is over a receiving area 31 an axis 34 for mounting the volume flow measuring wheel 2 fixedly and approximately coaxially to the axis of the impeller 3.
  • the receiving area 31 can be integrated in one piece into the inflow grille 26 or, for example, can be clipped or glued onto the inflow grille 26 as a separate part.
  • the axis 34 can be cast, glued, pressed or the like in the receiving area 31.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is mounted on the axle 34 by means of bearings.
  • the bearings are used on the volume flow measuring wheel 2 in receptacles 20 provided for this purpose within the hub 7.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 can thereby rotate freely with respect to the inflow grille 26 and independently of the rotor 11 of the motor 4, which drives the impeller 3 of the fan 1.
  • the impeller 3 of the fan 1 is attached to the rotor 11 of the motor 4 with a fastening device 15, which here is a circular sheet metal that is cast into the impeller 3 and pressed onto the rotor 11.
  • a fastening device 15 which here is a circular sheet metal that is cast into the impeller 3 and pressed onto the rotor 11.
  • the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is mounted here on an axis 34 which is also in operation with the fan. This is advantageous in particular for low bearing friction, since the volume flow measuring wheel 2 advantageously rotates considerably more slowly over wide operating ranges than the rotor 11 or the impeller 3 on which the volume flow measuring wheel 2 according to FIGS. 1 to 4 is mounted. Another advantage of the embodiment according to FIGS.
  • volume flow measuring wheel is further away from the impeller 3 with its blades 9 and thus the interaction between the impeller 3 and blades 9 and volume flow measuring wheel 2 in the form of a speed or operating point dependency is lower. This enables a more precise determination of the volume flow of the conveyed medium without taking the impeller speed into account.
  • the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel during operation can be determined, for example, as described above.
  • one or more magnets are attached or integrated on the volume flow measuring wheel 2, or the volume flow measuring wheel 2 is magnetized in some form (see FIG. 5).
  • a sensor for example a Hall sensor, must be attached to a stationary part opposite the rotational path of the magnets, which determines the speed of the volume flow measuring wheel 2 in interaction with the magnets.
  • Such a sensor can, for example, advantageously be integrated into the inflow grille 26 or attached to the inflow grille 26 or on the inside of the nozzle plate 29 or the inlet nozzle 5. It can also advantageously be attached to a suitable carrier part in the area of the fastening devices 27 (see FIG. 7) the inflow grille 26 are attached.
  • the fan 1 can comprise other components, not shown.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un ventilateur, en particulier un ventilateur axial et de préférence un ventilateur radial courbé vers l'arrière, comprenant une roue pourvue d'ailes, un moteur électrique permettant de faire tourner la roue et un dispositif permettant de déterminer le flux d'air lorsque la roue tourne. Le dispositif de détermination du flux d'air présente une roue de mesure de flux volumique agencée dans le flux d'air et agencée côté admission de flux en amont de la roue. Le flux volumique d'air est calculé ou dérivé à partir du nombre de rotations de la roue de mesure de flux volumique.
EP20720347.2A 2019-04-09 2020-03-09 Ventilateur Pending EP3833877A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019205041.7A DE102019205041A1 (de) 2019-04-09 2019-04-09 Ventilator
PCT/DE2020/200015 WO2020207542A1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2020-03-09 Ventilateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3833877A1 true EP3833877A1 (fr) 2021-06-16

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP20720347.2A Pending EP3833877A1 (fr) 2019-04-09 2020-03-09 Ventilateur

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US11768090B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3833877A1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2022527371A (fr)
CN (1) CN113924419A (fr)
DE (1) DE102019205041A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2020207542A1 (fr)

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FR1360823A (fr) * 1963-04-03 1964-05-15 Charbonnages De France Anémomètre
BE785256A (fr) * 1972-06-22 1972-10-16 Cooper Thomas G Dispositif pour le controle de la vitesse d'un fluide et la determination d'une vitesse predeterminee.
IT1131277B (it) 1980-06-05 1986-06-18 Steril Spa Procedimento ed apparecchio per mantenere costante la velocita' di un flusso d'aria di un ambiente
NL194355C (nl) * 1988-05-06 2002-01-04 Indolec B V Ventilator.
SE500539C2 (sv) * 1991-06-12 1994-07-11 Flaekt Ab Sätt och anordning för bestämning av genomströmningsflödet i en ventilationsanläggning med en frisugande fläkt
US6923072B2 (en) 2002-02-21 2005-08-02 Carrier Corporation Method and device for measuring airflows through HVAC grilles
DE102005059336A1 (de) 2005-12-07 2007-06-14 Herrmann, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. Anordnung zur Bestimmung der Menge des durch eine Rohrleitung strömenden Mediums
CN103452887B (zh) * 2013-09-18 2016-03-02 常州快克锡焊股份有限公司 流量检测传感器及带有该传感器的烟雾净化过滤系统
DE102015103594B3 (de) * 2015-03-11 2016-03-31 Hoval Aktiengesellschaft Lüftungsgerät und Verfahren zur dezentralen Raumlüftung
CN105332937A (zh) * 2015-11-01 2016-02-17 叶露微 一种水平轴环流扇风量测量装置
DE102016115615A1 (de) 2016-08-23 2018-03-01 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Radialgebläse mit Flügelrad
MX2019009997A (es) * 2017-02-23 2020-01-14 Minetek Invest Pty Ltd Sistema y metodo para ventilacion por conducto.
DE102017209291A1 (de) 2017-06-01 2018-12-06 Ziehl-Abegg Se Ventilator und Vorleitgitter für einen Ventilator
DE102017120652A1 (de) * 2017-09-07 2019-03-07 Ebm-Papst Mulfingen Gmbh & Co. Kg Ventilator mit integrierter Volumenstromregelung
CN208155367U (zh) * 2018-05-07 2018-11-27 西安中科恒境环保科技有限公司 一种风量检测装置及出风口设备
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CN109443455B (zh) * 2018-11-06 2024-03-05 中国农业大学 风机通风量测试装置及其测试方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN113924419A (zh) 2022-01-11
DE102019205041A1 (de) 2020-10-15
JP2022527371A (ja) 2022-06-01
WO2020207542A1 (fr) 2020-10-15
US11768090B2 (en) 2023-09-26
US20220397121A1 (en) 2022-12-15

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