EP3824243A1 - Passage en matériau de fixation métallique à faible risque de défaillance - Google Patents

Passage en matériau de fixation métallique à faible risque de défaillance

Info

Publication number
EP3824243A1
EP3824243A1 EP19742164.7A EP19742164A EP3824243A1 EP 3824243 A1 EP3824243 A1 EP 3824243A1 EP 19742164 A EP19742164 A EP 19742164A EP 3824243 A1 EP3824243 A1 EP 3824243A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metal pin
metal
base body
fixing material
stainless steel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19742164.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3824243B1 (fr
Inventor
Thomas Pfeiffer
Helmut Hartl
Reinhard Ranftl
Ondrej ROUSEK
Susumu Nishiwaki
Robert Hettler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schott AG
Original Assignee
Schott AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schott AG filed Critical Schott AG
Priority to EP21161856.6A priority Critical patent/EP3851786B1/fr
Publication of EP3824243A1 publication Critical patent/EP3824243A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3824243B1 publication Critical patent/EP3824243B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/36—Seals between parts of vessels; Seals for leading-in conductors; Leading-in conductors
    • H01J61/366—Seals for leading-in conductors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/11—Initiators therefor characterised by the material used, e.g. for initiator case or electric leads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/025—Other specific inorganic materials not covered by A61L27/04 - A61L27/12
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/04—Metals or alloys
    • A61L27/047—Other specific metals or alloys not covered by A61L27/042 - A61L27/045 or A61L27/06
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/04—Metals or alloys
    • A61L27/06—Titanium or titanium alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L27/00—Materials for grafts or prostheses or for coating grafts or prostheses
    • A61L27/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L27/10—Ceramics or glasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/026—Ceramic or ceramic-like structures, e.g. glasses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/028—Other inorganic materials not covered by A61L31/022 - A61L31/026
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
    • A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
    • A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
    • A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
    • A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
    • A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
    • A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
    • A61N1/3752—Details of casing-lead connections
    • A61N1/3754—Feedthroughs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R22/00—Safety belts or body harnesses in vehicles
    • B60R22/34—Belt retractors, e.g. reels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/02—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing by fusing glass directly to metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/103—Mounting initiator heads in initiators; Sealing-plugs
    • F42B3/107—Sealing-plugs characterised by the material used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B3/00—Blasting cartridges, i.e. case and explosive
    • F42B3/10—Initiators therefor
    • F42B3/195—Manufacture
    • F42B3/198—Manufacture of electric initiator heads e.g., testing, machines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/26—Lead-in insulators; Lead-through insulators
    • H01B17/30—Sealing
    • H01B17/303—Sealing of leads to lead-through insulators
    • H01B17/305—Sealing of leads to lead-through insulators by embedding in glass or ceramic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/186—Sealing members characterised by the disposition of the sealing members
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/183—Sealing members
    • H01M50/19—Sealing members characterised by the material
    • H01M50/191—Inorganic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
    • H01R13/02—Contact members
    • H01R13/03—Contact members characterised by the material, e.g. plating, or coating materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R24/00—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure
    • H01R24/38—Two-part coupling devices, or either of their cooperating parts, characterised by their overall structure having concentrically or coaxially arranged contacts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R21/00—Arrangements or fittings on vehicles for protecting or preventing injuries to occupants or pedestrians in case of accidents or other traffic risks
    • B60R21/02—Occupant safety arrangements or fittings, e.g. crash pads
    • B60R21/16—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags
    • B60R21/26—Inflatable occupant restraints or confinements designed to inflate upon impact or impending impact, e.g. air bags characterised by the inflation fluid source or means to control inflation fluid flow
    • B60R2021/26029—Ignitors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a metal fixing material feedthrough, particularly preferred for devices which can be exposed to high pressures
  • Personal protection devices such as igniters for airbags or belt tensioners, with at least one metal pin which is melted into a fixing material, preferably a glass or glass ceramic material.
  • Metal fixation feedthroughs are known in various designs from the prior art.
  • Metal fixation feedthroughs include vacuum tight
  • the metals act as electrical conductors.
  • Glass material are introduced, wherein the glass material is melted into an outer metal part of the so-called base body, which is formed from an annular or plate-shaped element.
  • Ignition devices for example, are considered to be preferred applications of such metal fixing material bushings. These are used, among other things, for airbags or belt tensioners in motor vehicles.
  • the metal fixing material bushings are part of the ignition device.
  • the entire ignition device includes, in addition to the metal fixing material feedthrough, an ignition bridge, the explosives and a metal cover that covers the
  • Ignition mechanism tightly encloses. Either one or two or more than two metallic pins can be passed through the bushing. at In a particularly preferred embodiment with a metallic pin, the housing is grounded, in a preferred two-pole embodiment the ground is on one of the pins.
  • the base body is produced from a strip material with a thickness in the range between 1 mm and 5 mm, preferably 1.5 mm and 3.5 mm, in particular between 1.8 mm and 3.0 mm, very particularly preferably between 2.0 mm to 2.6 mm, the openings through the entire thickness of the
  • Base body D driven by means of the stamping process.
  • the basic body is generally also called header.
  • a base body, into which a conductor is glassed, is hermetically sealed in a housing by welding, soldering, pressing, crimping or shrinking
  • the housing part and / or the base body preferably the one in
  • essentially ring-shaped base bodies comprise a metal, in particular a light metal, such as titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, a magnesium alloy, an aluminum alloy, aluminum, AlSiC, but also steel, stainless steel or stainless steel.
  • a light metal such as titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, a magnesium alloy, an aluminum alloy, aluminum, AlSiC, but also steel, stainless steel or stainless steel.
  • the metal pin in the fixing material is let in, in particular glass, over the entire thickness D of the base body, which lies in the above-mentioned area in the through hole punched into the base body.
  • the glazing is done by first inserting the metal pin into the fixing material,
  • Fixing material for example shrinking the glass plug.
  • Fixing material there is a pressure glazing after cooling, in particular a hermetically sealed pressure glazing.
  • hermetically sealed means that the helium leak rate is less than 1 10 8 mbar l / sec.
  • a disadvantage is that with one
  • Stamping from a strip material creates a proportion of material waste.
  • DE 10 2006 056 077 A1 shows a pyrotechnic protective device, in particular for an airbag or belt tensioner, with a through opening in a base body, the through opening being introduced into the base body by punching.
  • the through opening into which at least one metal pin is introduced is in most cases arranged off-center. Eccentric through openings can have disadvantages in rational series production.
  • Post-processing for example assembly, enables.
  • the pin materials disclosed in WO 2012/110 245 A1, in particular NiFe tend to, for example, in the rational series production in automated production systems and / or in the further processing of the metal fixing material feedthroughs an igniter and / or the mounting of the end product, for example when it is pushed onto a plug, to bend and, in extreme cases, even to break through, so that, for example, undesirable rejects can be generated.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and to provide a metal fixing material feedthrough with a conductor, which is characterized in that it can be produced in rational series production with a lower reject rate and / or that they can be assembled more securely, for example when the end product is pushed onto or into a plug.
  • this object is achieved in that, in the case of a metal fixing material feedthrough with at least one metal pin, the at least one metal pin consists at least in its core area of a stainless steel according to EN 10020, the metal pin being characterized in that the stainless steel is chosen such that the metal pin converted to the standard dimension of a metal pin diameter of 1.00 ⁇ 0.03 mm and a metal pin length of 11.68 ⁇ 0.2 mm, a maximum elastic deflection of less than 0.13 mm, preferably less than 0.15 mm, preferably less than 0.18 mm, in particular less than 0.20 mm, very particularly preferably less than 0.21 mm.
  • the maximum elastic deflection is very preferably in the range from 0.01 to 0.26 mm.
  • elastic bending is understood to mean a bending of the metal pin, under which the metal pin at least essentially returns to its original shape when the mechanical load ceases to exist. At least essentially no plastic is found
  • the metal pin length denotes the protrusion of the metal pin measured from the bottom of the glazing and is therefore independent of the length of the
  • Glazing and / or the header thickness Glazing and / or the header thickness.
  • Base body is melted in a glassy or glass-ceramic material
  • the metal pin is heated during glazing, usually to temperatures of 600 ° C and more, especially 650 ° C and more. Then it is cooled down again.
  • the stainless steel of the metal pin is in the cooled state after heating, after heating, one speaks generally of an annealed state or "annealed" in English.
  • the material properties of the annealed stainless steel differ greatly from those of the raw state, i.e. of the non-annealed condition.
  • the metal pin can be a solid material or a solid material with a coating. If it is a metal pin with a coating, the core area of the metal pin denotes the solid material, that is
  • the invention has the advantage that the stainless steel pin is characterized by low bendability, especially in the annealed condition. This means that a greater mechanical load is required to plastically deform it than is the case with a nickel-iron pin previously used.
  • the stainless steel pin remains elastically deformable. This benefits the manufacturing process, among other things, because in
  • the standard load test is designed in such a way that a metal pin with the dimensions 1.00, 0.03 mm and a metal pin length of 11, 68 ⁇ 0.02 is subjected to the mechanical load mentioned perpendicular to the pin axis and the deflection is measured, in particular up to the limit Wmax at which the elastic deflection limit is reached. If the metal pin has other dimensions, a corresponding metal pin must be produced in the dimensioning of the standard load test or the deflection calculated accordingly.
  • the metal pin according to the invention is selected such that the mechanical load of 0.25% (strain) of the at least one metal pin corresponds to a tension of more than 450 MPa, preferably more than 480 MPa or more than 500 MPa, particularly preferably from 450 MPa to 700 MPa.
  • Glass material of the through opening is more than 250 N, in particular from 250 N to 400 N, preferably 300 N to 380 N. It is assumed that this is due to the fact that the glazed and thus the annealed stainless steel Metal pin is so hard that it can withstand the pressure of the pressure glazing better. In other words and to put it simply, when the base body cools down to the glass body in the manner described above
  • the pressure continues through the glass body and presses on the metal pin. If this is soft, it can yield to this pressure, so that the clamping effect in the glass body is weaker than in the case of a harder metal pin.
  • the clamping effect is an important aspect for the pull-out force.
  • the stainless steel metal pin is in one
  • Glazed base body wherein the base body can also consist of a metal, in particular steel, stainless steel, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, a magnesium alloy, an aluminum alloy, aluminum or AISIC.
  • a metal in particular steel, stainless steel, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, a magnesium alloy, an aluminum alloy, aluminum or AISIC.
  • Material class used as for the material of the metal pin in particular the metal pin arranged in the fixing material, i.e. Stainless steel metal pin and stainless steel base body or titanium metal pin and titanium or titanium alloy base body or vice versa, etc.
  • the inventors have recognized that the choice of the same material class can suppress possible electrochemical corrosion, which is advantageous for production processes, in particular which can be cleaning and / or galvanic coating, but can also contribute to the long-term stability of the end product, for example an igniter.
  • the stainless steel of the at least one metal pin (5) is an alloyed stainless steel according to EN 10020, particularly preferably one
  • the stainless steel is preferably selected from the group of
  • Martensitic stainless steels are also possible.
  • the glassy or glass-ceramic fixing material has a thermal expansion coefficient ci Gias at one
  • Tg of the fixing material in particular the glass and / or glass ceramic material, in the range 4-10 6 1 / K to 10.6 - 10 6 1 / K.
  • This position of thermal expansion is advantageous in particular in combination with the aforementioned position of thermal expansion of the stainless steel.
  • Expansion coefficient ac round body which is at least 2 -10 6 1 / K, preferably 10 - 10 6 1 / K larger than the thermal expansion coefficient ci Gias
  • Fixing material preferably ac round body is in the range 1 1 - 10 6 1 / K to 18 - 10 6 1 / K.
  • Fixing material preferably ac round body is in the range 1 1 - 10 6 1 / K to 18 - 10 6 1 / K.
  • the stainless steel for the metal pin can advantageously be selected from the group of ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel or precipitation hardened
  • Stainless steels can be selected. Ferritic stainless steel is particularly preferred since it can be manufactured particularly efficiently and / or particularly efficiently
  • the at least one metal pin has at least one bending point.
  • the metal pin is preferably bent such that there is an axial offset S of the area of the metal pin in the through opening and of the connection area at its opposite end.
  • a bent metal pin in particular an S-shaped bent metal pin, has the advantage that, in the case of the stainless steels according to the invention, it can provide a kind of spring function as the material for the metal pin when it is mounted on a connector, which function, when pushed onto the connector, increases the probability of Damage to the connector system is reduced, for example pressing metal sleeves out of plastic holders.
  • mechanical stress peaks are kept from the glass material of the bushing.
  • the bent metal pin is more difficult to produce with the stainless steels according to the invention than with the previously used NiFe steels, since the bending takes place after annealing and the annealed stainless steel, as can be seen from the strength values described, can only be plastically deformed with greater effort.
  • the metal fixing material feedthrough preferably has at least one further metal pin which is connected to the base body in an electrically conductive manner, in particular by means of a solder connection or a welded connection.
  • Base body can be dispensed with.
  • the metal pin which is electrically conductively connected to the base body, consists at least in its core area of a non-stainless steel, in particular of NiFe, and is connected to the base body by means of a welded connection.
  • This metal pin is advantageously present in the non-annealed state, at least away from the area of the welded connection that was heated during welding.
  • This choice of material has the advantage that the non-stainless steel is mechanically stronger as described than the annealed stainless steel. This embodiment thus has the best mechanical strength values. However, it is more complex to produce the welded connection than to solder the second metal pin to the base body.
  • the further metal pin likewise has at least one bending point.
  • the further metal pin is preferably bent such that there is an axial offset of the area of the metal pin connected to the base body and of the connection area at its opposite end.
  • the at least one metal pin glazed into the through opening and / or the metal pin electrically conductively connected to the base body advantageously has a nickel coating.
  • The is preferably
  • Nickel coating at least in the area of the glazing and / or in the area of the head surface of the metal pin in the glazing and / or in the area of the electrically conductive connection to the base body.
  • a gold layer can also be provided. The gold layer is particularly advantageously located at least in regions on the nickel layer.
  • the glazed metal pin in an area which is provided with a gold layer on at least areas of the nickel layer, in particular in the connection area at the end of the metal pin,
  • the metal pin electrically conductively connected to the base body in a region which is provided with a gold layer on at least regions of the nickel layer, in particular in the connection region at the end of the metal pin,
  • Solder material is connected to the base body.
  • the at least one metal pin glazed in the through opening and / or the metal pin electrically conductively connected to the base body is preferably coated at least in regions with gold.
  • the gold layer is preferably at least in the connection area and / or electrically conductive with the
  • connection area is in particular the area into which the metal pin is inserted into, for example, a plug system and / or where it is contacted with contacts of a plug system.
  • the metal pin is designed such that it is in the annealed state in a test system with the
  • Metal pin length L of 1 1, 68 mm breaks when loaded vertically at the end point L at a force F max , where F max is more than 2.2 N.
  • the metal pin can also be designed in such a way that in the annealed state it is applied in a test system with the metal pin length L of 11.68 mm when it is applied vertically
  • W max is elastically deformable at the end point L up to a maximum deflection W max , W max being more than 0.15 mm, in particular from 0.15 mm to 0.4 mm. W max thus denotes the limit of the elastic deformation.
  • a real metal pin has dimensions other than those mentioned as the test system, it is produced for comparison in the dimensions of the test system and / or its measurement results are converted in such a way that they correspond to the dimensions of the test system.
  • the metal pin made of stainless steel according to the invention After glazing and heating to 600 ° C. or 650 ° C., the metal pin made of stainless steel according to the invention has a much higher stiffness than a NiFe pin. This is due to the high NiFe
  • Metal fixing material feedthroughs with metal pins made of stainless steel are characterized by a very high mechanical stability of the metal pin.
  • the high mechanical stability prevents bending, in particular permanent or plastic bending of the metal pin during assembly and
  • the use of stainless steel as the pin material ensures that the mechanical stability compared to pins made, for example, of a NiFe material is greatly increased.
  • the metal pin according to the invention in a metal fixing material feed-through for igniters of airbags and belt tensioners is characterized in that it unexpectedly has a very high pull-out force of more than 250 N, in particular 250 N to 400 N, preferably 300 N to 380 N having. This was surprising for the person skilled in the art, since the thermal expansion coefficient of the pins made of a stainless steel is in the range from 11.0 10 6 / K to 13.5-10 6 / K at 650 ° C.
  • the stainless steel of the at least one metal pin is selected from the group of stainless steels whose transition point between elastic and plastic deformation in the annealed state is less than 50% below the transition point between elastic and plastic
  • Deformation is in its raw state.
  • Such a selection ensures that the metal pin, after it has been introduced into the fixing material, in particular into the glass material and inserted into the opening of the base body of the metal fixing material bushing, when the base body is subsequently heated to at least 600 ° C. or 650 ° C. not softened in such a way that the metal pin becomes plastically deformable in the event of occasional mechanical loads. Too much reduction in
  • Metal pins would lead to the stiffness of the metal pin and thus the mechanical stability being considerably reduced.
  • the transition point from elastic to plastic behavior in a raw ferritic stainless steel is at a stress of 600 MPa and to 500 MPa by heating to 600 ° C in the stress-strain diagram decreases, the transition point for NiFe drops from 700 MPa by heating to 600 ° C to 300 MPa in the stress-strain diagram.
  • the NiFe steels are quite mechanically more stable in the unannealed condition than the stainless steels according to the invention. In the annealed condition, however, the stainless steels are mechanically more resilient, especially elastically deformable up to higher loads.
  • stainless steel as a pin material compared to conventional materials such as NiFe is that in combination with a base made of stainless steel with connected bridge wire or when covered with electrically conductive films, there is practically no galvanic corrosion. This is on it
  • the aim is an absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical potentials of the metal pin, in particular the glass-in metal pin, and the base body up to a maximum of 0.3 V. That is, the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical
  • the base body is advantageously in the range from 0 to 0.3 V. This means that there is practically no galvanic corrosion. If, on the other hand, a NiFe pin is used, electrons migrate from the NiFe pin to the material of the base body, for example made of austenitic stainless steel, and galvanic corrosion occurs. When using, for example, ferritic stainless steel as Material for the metal pin is the electrical potential of metal pin and the base body made of austenitic stainless steel practically the same size and galvanic corrosion does not occur in contrast to a NiFe pin.
  • the selection of the materials for the base body and / or metal pin is advantageously based on the
  • materials for the selection of the base body and / or the at least one metal pin are advantageous, in particular the metal pin located in the fixing material, in particular stainless steels, the absolute amount of the electrochemical potential against sea water being at most 0.36 V, i.e. accordingly in a range from 0 to 0.36 V.
  • Base body have an at most small electrochemical potential difference, you can a metal fixing material bushing for igniters of airbags and / or pretensioners with at least one metal pin, which is in a
  • the top of the bushing is defined as the side of an ignition bridge to be attached and the bottom is defined as the side of the electrical Connections, ie the side of the metal fixing material feedthrough from which the metal pins protrude.
  • At least one metal pin and the base body have essentially the same electrochemical potential, so that when a water film is absorbed on the water surface when installed
  • the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical potential is preferably from
  • the base body has, for example, a potential of 0.07 V, the metal pin of 0.02 V, so that the difference is 0.05 V and therefore there is virtually no electron flow via the ignition bridge from the metal pin to the base body and / or via conductive films ,
  • the Cr content in the stainless steel is in the range from 10 percent by weight to 30 percent by weight, preferably 15 percent by weight to 25 percent by weight. For example, with a share of 20
  • Weight percent chromium has a very low linear expansion coefficient of approximately 10 -10 6 / K at 0 to 40 ° C.
  • the low coefficient of expansion at 40 ° C also correlates with a low coefficient of expansion at the glazing temperature, usually 600 ° C or 650 ° C.
  • the metal pin made of stainless steel is provided with a Ni layer and / or a gold layer at least in some areas as described.
  • the nickel layer can also be provided below the gold layer. Direct gold plating of the stainless steel is also possible without an intermediate nickel layer.
  • the metal fixing material feedthrough comprises a particularly stable metal pin if the metal pin is designed in such a way that, in the annealed state, it breaks in a test system with the metal pin length L of 11.68 mm when loaded vertically at the end point L at a force F max , where F max is more than 2.2 N and / or wherein the metal pin is designed such that in the post-heated state in a test system with the metal pin length L of 11.68 mm when applied vertically at the end point L with a maximum deflection W max breaks, the W max being more than 0.15 mm, in particular from 0.15 mm to 0.4 mm.
  • Such a stable metal pin is formed in particular if stainless steel, in particular stainless steel containing chrome, is used as the material for the metal pin.
  • Pressure glass bushings for example for use in airbag detonators, because the thermal expansion coefficient of these steels with 1 1, 0 to 13.5 10 6 / K at 650 ° C is significantly higher than the expansion coefficient of the glass, which is in the range 10.6 to 6.1 10 6 / K lies.
  • the inventors have
  • Pressure glazing usually perpendicular to the inner wall of the Through opening on the vitreous. It is an essential factor for the pull-out forces of the vitreous body from the base body.
  • a high joint pressure is made available if sufficient pressure preload is applied to the glass from the base body as the outer conductor.
  • the resulting joint pressure between the glass and the inner conductor occurs when the bushing cools down after melting. Is this joint pressure clearly positive, i.e. greater than 30 MPa or greater than 50 MPa, in particular greater than 100 MPa, the transition between glass and metal remains, i. H. the transition from glass to metal pin is closed and therefore tight, although the
  • Coefficient of expansion of the metal pin is greater than that of the glass.
  • the joint pressure depends directly on the difference in elongation between glass and the surrounding metal. Furthermore, dependencies on the geometry are also conceivable. Particularly advantageously, the area of the base body outside the through opening must be larger than the area of the
  • the joint pressure is a surface pressure.
  • the joint pressure expresses the force with which a first body presses on a second one per unit area.
  • the coefficient of expansion ac body being higher than the coefficient of expansion of the glass ci Gias.
  • the coefficient of expansion of the metal pin O metal pin is selected such that the coefficient of expansion of the metal pin is 1.1 times greater than the coefficient of expansion ci Gias of the glass.
  • the coefficient of expansion is in the range from 1.1 to 2
  • the base body consists of a nickel-free, rust-free, chemically resistant steel (stainless steel).
  • the base body which can also be an outer conductor, is an austenitic stainless steel, which is characterized by good weldability.
  • the metal pin of the metal fixing material feedthrough is not straight, but is curved.
  • the fixing material of the metal fixing material feedthrough is a glass or glass ceramic material.
  • Glass materials ci Gias is in the range 4-10 6 / K to 10.6 - 10 6 / K, preferably 6.1 10 6 / K to 10.6 10 6 / K.
  • the base body of the metal fixing material feedthrough into which the metal pin is glazed comprises an opening as described, for example, in EP 1 813 906 A1, EP 1 455 160 A1 or EP 2 431 703 A1
  • One possibility is a cold forming process as laid down in EP 2 431 703 A1, the opening being made in the base body by stamping.
  • the material of the base body is selected so that the expansion coefficient ac mnd body is greater than that of the
  • Another aspect of the invention is to provide a metal fixing material feedthrough, in particular for igniters of airbags and / or belt tensioners, in which galvanic corrosion occurs only to a small extent. This aspect is solved in that the at least one metal pin and the
  • Main body of the implementation consist of a compatible combination of materials, such that an anode and / or cathode reaction on the top of the main body does not occur or only occurs to a small extent when the ignition bridge is installed or when the top side is covered with a conductive film.
  • Base body have an electrochemical potential and the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical potentials of metal pin and
  • Base body is at most 0.3 V.
  • the electrochemical potentials of the metal pin and the base body are preferably essentially the same. In particular, the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical lies
  • the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical potential of the metal pin and / or the base body with respect to sea water is preferably at most 0 , 36 V and lies
  • the at least one metal pin (5) consists in particular at least in its core area and the base body, at least on its upper side, made of a stainless steel according to EN 10020.
  • the stainless steel of the metal pin and the base body are selected such that the stainless steel of the metal pin and the base body form a passivation film on their surface, preferably over an absorbed water film.
  • the at least one metal pin consists at least in its
  • Core area made of stainless steel according to EN 10020, its thermal Expansion coefficient ciMetaiirad at a temperature of 650 ° C in the range of 9 to 15, preferably from 1 1, 0 10 6 / K to 14.0-10 6 / K, preferably 1 1, 5 10 6 / K to 14.0- 10 6 1 / K or 1 1 10 _6 / K to 13.5 10 6 1 / K, particularly preferably 1 1, 5 10 6 / K to 12.5 ⁇ 10 6 1 / K.
  • the glassy or glass-ceramic fixing material preferably has one
  • the base body has a thermal one
  • Expansion coefficient ac mnd body which is at least 2 ⁇ 10 6 1 / K, preferably 10 10 6 1 / K higher than the thermal expansion coefficient ci Gias of the glass, preferably in the range 1 1 ⁇ 10 6 1 / K to 18 10 6 1 / K.
  • the stainless steel of the at least one metal pin (5) is
  • an alloyed stainless steel according to EN 10020 particularly preferably a chromium-containing stainless steel, particularly preferably the stainless steel is selected from the group of ferritic stainless steels and / or
  • the pull-out force of the metal pin from the glass material of the through opening (11) is advantageously more than 250 N, in particular from 250 N to 400 N, preferably 300 N to 380 N.
  • the base body consists of a metal, in particular steel, stainless steel, stainless steel, titanium, a titanium alloy, magnesium, one
  • the base body very particularly preferably consists at least essentially of stainless steel of types 316, 317, 302, 304, 321, 317, 430, 410 and / or 416.
  • the metal pin includes, in particular, converted to
  • Standard dimensioning of a metal pin diameter of 1, 00 ⁇ 0.03 mm and a metal pin length of 1 1, 68 ⁇ 0.2 mm a maximum elastic deflection W max of less than 0.13 mm, preferably less than 0.15 mm, particularly preferably less than 0.18 mm or less than 0.20 mm, very particularly preferably less than 0.24 mm, in particular in the range 0.01 up to 0.26 mm.
  • the metal pin which is electrically conductively connected to the base body, consists in particular at least in its core area of a non-stainless steel, in particular of NiFe, and this metal pin by means of a
  • Welded connection is connected to the base body.
  • the at least one metal pin (5) glazed in the through opening and / or the one with the
  • Base body of electrically conductive metal pin (6) is coated with nickel.
  • the nickel layer is preferably present in areas of the metal pins,
  • the glazed metal pin in an area which is provided with a gold layer on at least areas of the nickel layer, in particular in the connection area at the end of the metal pin,
  • the metal pin electrically conductively connected to the base body in a region which is provided with a gold layer on at least regions of the nickel layer, in particular in the connection region at the end of the metal pin,
  • Solder material is connected to the base body.
  • the at least one metal pin glazed in the through opening and / or the metal pin electrically conductive with the base body is coated with gold.
  • The is preferably
  • Gold layer at least in the connection area of the metal pin and / or the metal pin electrically conductively connected to the base body, which is opposite the end of the respective metal pin located in and / or on the base body.
  • Fig. 2 Experimental setup to determine the bending stiffness
  • Fig. 4 Stress / strain curve for NiFe and stainless steel (AISI 430) heated and not heated
  • Fig. 5 housing component in plan view with opening and metal pin glassed in the opening
  • Fig. 8 Chromium and nickel equivalents for stainless steels
  • Fig. 9 Head of a metal fixing material feedthrough with bridging wire
  • Fig. 11 Electrochemical potentials of a selection of materials
  • FIG. 1 a illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a metal fixing material feed-through 1 using an axial section, preferably for use in an igniter or ignition device of an airbag or other
  • the metal fixing material feedthrough includes, without limitation, two metal pins 5, 6, which are designed as metal pins according to the invention and comprise a stainless steel as the material of the metal pin.
  • the metal fixing material feedthrough has a base body 1, to which one of the two mutually parallel metal pins 5 and 6 is electrically connected in this embodiment.
  • the two metal pins 5 and 6 are arranged parallel to one another. One acts as a conductor, while the second is connected to ground.
  • the first metal pin 5 acts as a conductor and the metal pin 6 as a ground pin.
  • the ground pin 6 is electrically conductively connected to the base body 1, for example by a solder connection 7 using a solder material.
  • the width of the two metal pins is usually in the range 0.98 to 1.05 mm, advantageously 1.0 mm.
  • At least one of the metal pins is guided through the base body 1.
  • the metal pin 5 is part of its length in a fixing material 10, in particular one of a Glass melt cooled melted glass plug.
  • the metal pin 5 projects at least on one side beyond the end face of the glass plug 10, usually on the underside of the base body, and closes in the
  • Melting can be arranged in the through opening 4 such that it initially projects beyond the base body 1. After melting or potting, a grinding of the metal pin 5 and possibly. of
  • the melting of the metal pin into the glass material and the glass material into the base body usually takes place at temperatures of 600 ° C or 650 ° C and more, depending on the glass material used. Due to the higher thermal expansion coefficient of the material of the base body of öc round body ⁇ 18.3 10 6 / K compared to the glass material with aci asmateriai in the range 4 10 6 / K to 10.6 10 6 / K, the base body exerts pressure after cooling on the fixing material, especially the glass material, and it becomes a
  • the ground pin 6 is in the case shown directly on the back of the
  • Base body 1 is fastened, for example, by means of solder material 7. It is usually metallic solder material.
  • the ground pin 6, like the glassed-in metal pin 5, can also consist of a stainless steel, preferably a stainless steel containing Cr, according to the invention.
  • the base body 1 can be designed as a stamped part. A stamped part is present if at least the through opening 4, preferably also the end geometry of the base body 1, is produced by stamping. According to one embodiment, the one describing the outer contour can also be
  • the stamped part can either be used further in the geometry as it exists after the stamping process or in a further working step, which is preferably direct
  • the through opening 10 provided for receiving and fixing the metal pin 5 by means of the glass plug 10 is produced by a punching-out process in the form of a hole. Subsequently, the metal pin 5 on the back 11 of the base body 1 of the metal fixing material feedthrough is inserted together with the glass plug 10 into the through opening 4 and the metal body containing the glass plug 10 and the metal pin 5 is heated to approximately 600 ° C., so that after one Cooling process shrinks the metal and so a positive connection between glass plug 10 with metal pin 5 and
  • Base body 1 is formed, also called pressure glazing. Because of the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the base body 1 and the glass material of the glass plug 10, this pressure glazing can be used.
  • the base body 1 can be designed such that the ratio between the Thickness of the base body 1 and the maximum extent of the through opening 4 perpendicular to the axial direction of the through opening 4 is in the range between 0.5 to 2.5 inclusive.
  • Through opening 4 can be developed, which are not based on glass materials.
  • FIG. 1 a shows the installation of a metal fixing material feedthrough in an igniter component, for example an airbag igniter.
  • the detonator component comprises a detonator cap 2 which detonates the explosive 25 for the detonator component, i. receives the airbag detonator.
  • the explosive 25 is triggered by an electrical pulse from the bridge wire 9.
  • the bridging wire 9 connects the glassed-in metal pin 5 to the base body 1 lying on the ground. As a rule, the bridging wire 9 lies on the surface of the base body 1 and / or the fixing material 10, contrary to the drawing, which shows the bridging wire 9 schematically and for clarification ,
  • Leads metal pin The offset is chosen so that the metal pins of the metal fixing material feedthrough e.g. can be introduced into connector systems.
  • the two metal pins 5, 6 are arranged and / or bent such that in the overall view a central arrangement of both metal pins 5, 6
  • FIG. 1 b shows a section of the metal fixing material bushing inserted into the detonator cap 2, comprising the base body 1 with the metal pins 5, 6.
  • the ground pin 6 also has a bending point 60, so that there is an axial offset of the area of the metal pin connected to the base body 1 and its connection area at the opposite end.
  • the bridge wire 9 between base body 1 and metal pin 5 can be clearly seen in FIG. 1 b.
  • the base body according to FIG. 1 b is a cold-formed base body according to EP 2431703 A1 with a Clearing area 17.
  • the opening 10 is also punched out of the cold-formed base body after the clipping area 17 has been introduced, as in EP 2431703 A1.
  • Figure 2 shows a measurement order or a test system for determining the
  • 400 denotes the wall into which the pin is clamped, 300 the pin with the length L and 301 the end point of the metal pin in the unloaded state.
  • the bent, ie the loaded pin is designated by 310 and the end point of the bent pin by 302.
  • the difference between the end points 301 and 302 denotes the maximum deflection W max.
  • the force on the metal pin is only:
  • the stainless steel pin in contrast to the NiFe 47 pin, which softens much more, is significantly more resistant to bending.
  • the stainless steel thus provides a material that allows a metal pin to be designed in such a way that it can be used in the post-heated, i.e. annealed condition in one
  • Deflection W max in the test system mentioned is advantageously more than 0.15 mm, in particular in the range from 0.15 mm to 0.3 mm and / or 0.4 mm.
  • FIGS. 3a and 3b show the difference in the expansion coefficients in conventional bushings and in the bushing according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3a shows the expansion coefficients in the case of conventional metal fixing material feedthroughs.
  • CTE (Fl) denotes the
  • the coefficient of expansion of the base body (CTE (Fl)) is significantly greater than the coefficient of expansion (CTE (G)) of the fixing material, in particular the glass.
  • the expansion coefficient CTE (Fl) of the base body is in the range of 18.3 * 10 6 / K in the case of austenitic stainless steel as the material of the base body.
  • CTE (G) Glass material
  • ci gias Glass material
  • Figure 3b shows the expansion coefficients in an inventive
  • the expansion coefficient of the metal pin (CTE (P)) is lower than that of the base body (CTE (Fl)), but higher than the expansion coefficient CTE (G) of the fixing material. While the stainless steels have expansion coefficients in the range 1 1, 0 to 13.5 * 10 6 / K, the expansion coefficient is
  • Fixing material for example the glass usually only in the range 4 * 10 6 / K to 10.6 * 10 6 / K, in particular 6.1 * 10 6 / K to 10.6 * 10 6 / K and thus below the coefficient of expansion of the metal pin , although thus the
  • Expansion coefficient of the metal pin is greater than that of the
  • Glass material contrary to the state of the art as shown in Figure 3a, can also be provided for the metal pin according to the invention made of stainless steel with a Metaiis m> dci as a sufficient tightness and a pressure glazing if a positive joint pressure from the base body with the expansion coefficient ac mnd body or CTE (Fl) is exerted on the glass.
  • ac mnd body or CTE (Fl) With a high joint pressure that is exerted by the base body on the glass material and the metal pin, the transition between glass and metal, in particular the transition from glass to metal pin, remains sealed and tightness is ensured. In particular, hermetic tightness can also be achieved.
  • a sufficient High joint pressure can advantageously be achieved if the area of the base body minus the area of the
  • Through opening corresponds to at least 1.2 times the area of the through opening.
  • FIG. 4 shows the stress (strain) - strain (stra in) curve for a stainless steel pin according to the invention and, in comparison, a NiFe pin (NiFe 47).
  • the NiFe pin loses a lot of strength compared to the stainless steel pin (AISI430), in particular that made of a ferritic stainless steel, after heating, for example to 650 ° C., as is necessary for the glazing Stability and is weakened.
  • the transition point from elastic deformation to plastic deformation at approximately 0.25% elongation only shifts from a stress of approximately 600 MPa for the raw material to 500 MPa for the annealed material, ie the stress at the transition point only drops by about 20%.
  • the transition point from elastic to plastic deformation when heated in the case of the NiFe metal pin at approximately 0.25% elongation shifts from a stress of 700 MPa to 200 MPa, ie
  • the transition point of the raw material is 3.5 times higher than that of the annealed one
  • FIG. 5 shows a top view of a housing component, the housing component comprising an opening 1000 into which a pin 1020 is glassed in a glass material 1010. Also shown in FIG. 5 is the joint pressure P1 of the glass material on the metal pin 1020 and the joint pressure P2 of the base body or
  • Base body or housing component are stamped on the glass. This is achieved in particular if the geometry rule described above is observed.
  • FIG. 6 shows that, surprisingly, in the case of a stainless steel pin compared to a previously used metal pin made of nickel-containing iron material (NiFe 47) up to 50% greater pull-out forces can be achieved by using a stainless steel material.
  • NiFe 47 nickel-containing iron material
  • the metal pin according to the invention made of a stainless steel material, in particular ferritic stainless steel. This is particularly surprising since, as stated, the position of the thermal expansion coefficient for the
  • Stainless steel pen are rather unfavorable.
  • pull-out forces of 331.2 N are achieved without a nickel coating, and pull-out forces of 358.1 N with a nickel coating
  • Pull-out forces for stainless steel AISI 430 There the pull-out force is 317.5 N without a nickel coating and 327.3 N with a nickel coating.
  • the metal pins made of stainless steel are not only characterized by a higher mechanical strength than conventional NiFe pins, but also by higher pull-out forces. It can be assumed that the improved pull-out forces of the metal pin made of stainless steel are due to the fact that the material of the metal pin remains harder than that of the NiFe pin after heating, so that the stainless steel corresponds to the joint pressure that the header transfers to the metal pin via the glass. can oppose more force and, so to speak, less indentation.
  • nickel plating on one or the metal pins means that the metal pins can be easily contacted.
  • FIG. 7 shows the effect of the chromium content of the stainless steel on the thermal expansion coefficient a or CTE (P) of stainless steel, as used in the metal pin.
  • the linear thermal expansion coefficient of is given 0-40 ° C in ppm / ° C, ie * 10 6 / K, for a chromium content of 0-60 percent by weight.
  • a thermal expansion coefficient of 9.9 * 10 6 / K is achieved for a chromium content of approximately 20 percent by weight for a stainless steel AISI 443.
  • the CTE depends on the chromium content.
  • a local minimum of the CTE is reached at approximately 20% by weight of chromium.
  • Chromium content is in the range around the local minimum of the CTE, in particular in the range from 10 weight percent chromium content to 30 weight percent, particularly advantageously from 14 weight percent to 28 weight percent chromium content.
  • the stainless steels SUS430, AISI443 and SUFI446 are in this range and can be used particularly advantageously as the material of the metal pin. The same applies to AISI 446 and AISI 430.
  • FIG. 8 shows the chromium and nickel equivalent for martensitic and austinitic stainless steels.
  • the chromium equivalent which takes chromium and the proportion of molybdenum as well as silicon and niobium into account, is given for both martensitic stainless steels and ferritic stainless steels.
  • the chromium equivalent is in the range of 10 to 30 percent by weight, in particular 12 percent by weight to 28 percent by weight. Particularly advantageous areas in the sense of the invention are marked by broken lines in FIG.
  • a stainless steel according to the invention comprises or is a chromium-alloyed steel or has a chromium equivalent, the chromium equivalent being% Cr +% Mo + 1, 5 * % Si + 0.5 * % Nb.
  • Chromium equivalent is usually a measure of the total of ferrite-forming elements of an austenitic stainless steel alloy, based on the empirical formula of Schaeffler and DeLong. Particularly preferred areas of the chromium equivalents are the areas outlined in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 9 shows the head part of a metal fixing material feedthrough according to the invention
  • FIGS. 10a to 10b the diagram of the electrochemical reactions in the area of the metal fixing material feedthrough due to different electrochemical potentials in the prior art and according to the invention.
  • FIG. 9 first shows the head part of a glass-metal fixing material feedthrough according to the invention, as shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b.
  • a conductive film for example a water film 200, can form on the surface of the base body 1, so that when the electrochemical potential of the base body and the metal pin differs, an electron flow from the metal pin to the mass, here the
  • the electrically conductive film 200 can be any electrically conductive film.
  • the electrons flow over the bridging wire 9 from the head of the metal pin 500 to the base body 501 or possibly. in the other direction, depending on the potential difference.
  • the base body and metal pin are generally a non-conductive fixing material, preferably a glass or glass ceramic material.
  • Glass ceramic material in which the metallic conductor is glazed is designated by 10.
  • the metal pin that passes through the opening carries the
  • FIG. 10a shows the flow of electrons from the metal pin to the base body due to different electrochemical potentials. This corresponds to the state of the art.
  • the difference in the electrochemical potential of metal pins made of a non-stainless steel, in particular NiFe, and base body in the prior art was more than 0.3 V. Because of this difference in
  • the electron flow from the metal pin to the base body takes place via the bridging wire 9 or even via the electrically conductive film 200, in particular if the latter becomes more and more basic as the reaction proceeds.
  • the increasing basicity of film 200 can increase corrosion attack on the metals and even the glass material.
  • the layer 5110 on the base body made of stainless steel is one
  • NiFe as the pin material it was observed that a local cell can form between this passivation layer 5110 and the metal pin made of non-stainless steel, in particular that made of NiFe.
  • the electrochemical potential difference between NiFe as pin material and e.g. AISI 304L as the material of the base body is 0.38 V. This can lead to electrochemical corrosion.
  • the metal pin can corrode in the prior art, this is no longer possible or at least strongly suppressed according to the invention, since the metal pin in the region 500 has essentially the same electrochemical potential as the base body with the reference number 501. As in Figure 10b shown, then there is no electron flow from the metal pin to the base body, even if the base body and metal pin are provided with an electrically conductive film 200, in particular a water film.
  • the base body and in particular the metal pin are formed on stainless steel
  • Passivation layers that may contain oxygen but do not further oxidize. Likewise, there is no water film that becomes increasingly basic.
  • the absolute amount of the electrochemical potential difference is 0.02 V.
  • electrochemical corrosion attacks are at least very strongly suppressed.
  • the absolute amount of the difference in the electrochemical potential of the base body and the stainless steel pin is preferably the same
  • Component according to the invention only from 0.3 V to 0.0 V, advantageously 0.1 V to 0.0 V, particularly advantageously 0.05 V to 0.0 V.
  • FIG. 11 shows the position of the electrochemical potentials of a selection of possible materials, in particular stainless steels for the metal pin or pins and / or also for the base body. As described, it comes to
  • Manufacturing process of the base body an aspect, especially if it is punched out or cold formed.
  • a portion of copper can be advantageous for cold-formed bodies.
  • stainless steel in Figure 11 the materials listed as stainless steel in Figure 11 are particularly advantageous. These are the stainless steel types (AISI) 316, 317, 302, 304, 321, 317, 430, 410 and / or 416 0.4 V, advantageously less than 0.36 V, which, as described, is a good measure of the resistance to galvanic corrosion attack for the whole
  • the invention thus for the first time specifies a metal fixing material feedthrough which is characterized on the one hand by a higher mechanical stability, in particular when the metal pins are bent and / or higher pull-out forces of the metal pins, and advantageously also by a lower level

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Insertion Pins And Rivets (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Air Bags (AREA)
  • Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un passage en matériau de fixation métallique pour allumeurs d'airbags et/ou tendeurs de ceinture dotés d'au moins une tige métallique, qui est fondue dans une ouverture de passage d'un corps de base dans un matériau de fixation vitreux ou vitrocéramique et le métal est à l'état post-chauffé, une interface étant prévue entre le matériau de fixation et la broche métallique et une autre interface étant prévue entre le matériau de fixation et la surface intérieure de l'ouverture de passage du corps de base, caractérisé en ce que ladite tige métallique contient un acier inoxydable au moins dans sa zone centrale, de préférence un acier inoxydable contenant du chrome, l'acier inoxydable comportant un coefficient de dilatation thermique α de la tige métallique.
EP19742164.7A 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Passage en matériau de fixation métallique à faible risque de défaillance Active EP3824243B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21161856.6A EP3851786B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Traversée à métal et matériau de fixation avec faible susceptibilité à la rupture

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018005733.0A DE102018005733B4 (de) 2018-07-20 2018-07-20 Glas-Metall-Durchführung
PCT/EP2019/068960 WO2020016153A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Passage en matériau de fixation métallique à faible risque de défaillance

Related Child Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21161856.6A Division EP3851786B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Traversée à métal et matériau de fixation avec faible susceptibilité à la rupture
EP21161856.6A Division-Into EP3851786B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Traversée à métal et matériau de fixation avec faible susceptibilité à la rupture

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3824243A1 true EP3824243A1 (fr) 2021-05-26
EP3824243B1 EP3824243B1 (fr) 2023-12-13

Family

ID=66589282

Family Applications (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21193032.6A Pending EP3932476A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-05-16 Traversée verre métal
EP19174825.0A Active EP3597267B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-05-16 Traversée en verre et en métal
EP21161856.6A Active EP3851786B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Traversée à métal et matériau de fixation avec faible susceptibilité à la rupture
EP19742164.7A Active EP3824243B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Passage en matériau de fixation métallique à faible risque de défaillance

Family Applications Before (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP21193032.6A Pending EP3932476A1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-05-16 Traversée verre métal
EP19174825.0A Active EP3597267B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-05-16 Traversée en verre et en métal
EP21161856.6A Active EP3851786B1 (fr) 2018-07-20 2019-07-15 Traversée à métal et matériau de fixation avec faible susceptibilité à la rupture

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (3) US11217440B2 (fr)
EP (4) EP3932476A1 (fr)
JP (5) JP2021529924A (fr)
KR (1) KR102676058B1 (fr)
CN (3) CN112469956A (fr)
DE (2) DE102018005733B4 (fr)
MX (1) MX2021000600A (fr)
WO (1) WO2020016153A1 (fr)

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DE102018005733B4 (de) * 2018-07-20 2021-01-14 Schott Ag Glas-Metall-Durchführung
DE102020107224A1 (de) * 2020-03-17 2021-09-23 Schott Ag Elektrische Einrichtung

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6861765B2 (ja) 2021-04-21
DE102018005733A1 (de) 2020-01-23
EP3851786B1 (fr) 2023-08-30
CN110732044B (zh) 2022-09-27
MX2021000600A (es) 2021-04-13
CN115282348A (zh) 2022-11-04
EP3932476A1 (fr) 2022-01-05
JP7453302B2 (ja) 2024-03-19
JP7144566B2 (ja) 2022-09-29
WO2020016153A1 (fr) 2020-01-23
US20220059337A1 (en) 2022-02-24
JP2020032174A (ja) 2020-03-05
EP3597267B1 (fr) 2021-10-20
JP2021100654A (ja) 2021-07-08
US11728156B2 (en) 2023-08-15
CN112469956A (zh) 2021-03-09
JP2022177163A (ja) 2022-11-30
EP3824243B1 (fr) 2023-12-13
US20200027715A1 (en) 2020-01-23
JP2021529924A (ja) 2021-11-04
KR20210032932A (ko) 2021-03-25
EP3597267A1 (fr) 2020-01-22
US11217440B2 (en) 2022-01-04
US11205569B2 (en) 2021-12-21
US20210043439A1 (en) 2021-02-11
JP2024026748A (ja) 2024-02-28
US20210140745A1 (en) 2021-05-13
KR102676058B1 (ko) 2024-06-18
DE202019005450U1 (de) 2020-09-10
CN115282348B (zh) 2024-03-29
EP3851786A1 (fr) 2021-07-21
CN110732044A (zh) 2020-01-31
DE102018005733B4 (de) 2021-01-14

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