EP3818600A1 - Production of press-fit and crimp connections in a vice - Google Patents

Production of press-fit and crimp connections in a vice

Info

Publication number
EP3818600A1
EP3818600A1 EP18742909.7A EP18742909A EP3818600A1 EP 3818600 A1 EP3818600 A1 EP 3818600A1 EP 18742909 A EP18742909 A EP 18742909A EP 3818600 A1 EP3818600 A1 EP 3818600A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
connection
strand
connection element
press
receiving
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18742909.7A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3818600B1 (en
Inventor
Marc Essers
Pascal RABE
Christoph Forstmeier
Christoph GEFFERS
Uwe Reisgen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Original Assignee
Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH filed Critical Lisa Draexlmaier GmbH
Publication of EP3818600A1 publication Critical patent/EP3818600A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3818600B1 publication Critical patent/EP3818600B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections
    • H01R43/0263—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for soldered or welded connections for positioning or holding parts during soldering or welding process
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/02—Soldered or welded connections
    • H01R4/027—Soldered or welded connections comprising means for positioning or holding the parts to be soldered or welded
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R4/00—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation
    • H01R4/10—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation
    • H01R4/18—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping
    • H01R4/187—Electrically-conductive connections between two or more conductive members in direct contact, i.e. touching one another; Means for effecting or maintaining such contact; Electrically-conductive connections having two or more spaced connecting locations for conductors and using contact members penetrating insulation effected solely by twisting, wrapping, bending, crimping, or other permanent deformation by crimping combined with soldering or welding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
    • H01R43/042—Hand tools for crimping
    • H01R43/0421—Hand tools for crimping combined with other functions, e.g. cutting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R43/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors
    • H01R43/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing, assembling, maintaining, or repairing of line connectors or current collectors or for joining electric conductors for forming connections by deformation, e.g. crimping tool
    • H01R43/058—Crimping mandrels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for connecting a strand element to a connecting element using a method for deformation, in particular a crimping method, at least in parts of the manufacturing method, using a vise or vice.
  • the method is used in particular for the connection of a pipe with a terminating or connecting element, or for example the connection of a cable with a cable lug.
  • post-processing may be necessary to completely manufacture the workpiece.
  • This post-processing can include a drilling and / or a welding process.
  • a great deal of pressure is exerted on the crimp connection, so that this crimp connection can be damaged or destroyed and the joining process suffers a significant loss in quality.
  • a system according to the invention which is set up to establish a mechanical connection between a strand element and a connection element, has the following components:
  • a pair of receiving elements each receiving element having an end face with a groove and a shaft.
  • the groove is suitable to accommodate the connection element.
  • the fillet can be designed in such a way that it encloses the connection element at a distance, for example less than 1 mm or less than 0.1 mm. In some embodiments, the fillet may be designed to slightly pinch the connector when the pair of receptacles surround the connector.
  • the groove can be arranged in the middle of the front.
  • the fillet can have a semicircular, oval, triangular or polygonal shape.
  • the shaft can be arranged essentially in the middle of the end face. The shaft can be completely enclosed by the material of the receiving element, but it can also be open, at least partially, on one side.
  • the open side can be designed so that elements of a carriage can be accommodated at this point.
  • the system also has a pair of press inserts.
  • Each press insert has an end face with a groove that extends over the entire narrow side of the end face.
  • the groove of the press inserts has a smaller diameter than the groove of the receiving elements, so that the press insert is suitable for reshaping the connecting element.
  • the press insert is set up in the
  • the Shaft of the connecting element to be arranged.
  • This is designed in such a way that, when the press insert is arranged in the shaft, the fillet of the press insert is essentially flush with the fillet of the receiving element, apart from the different diameters and shapes of the fillets.
  • the press insert can protrude up to 0.2 mm. This has the advantage that the clamping forces are essentially introduced into the workpiece via the press inserts.
  • the combination of receiving element and press insert, or combination of receiving element, press insert and adapter plate is designed in one piece.
  • the receiving elements and the press inserts are arranged in a screw or vice, which depending on the embodiment in vertical and / or horizontal installation can be operated.
  • a vice or vice is usually used to clamp or clamp certain workpieces for machining.
  • the processing of the workpieces is carried out by other machines, such as milling machines.
  • the vice or vice is used for machining, in particular for forming, the workpieces. This is particularly advantageous because it enables standard machine tools, such as a vice or vice, to be used for the production of workpieces, for example a crimp connection. Only the specific forming or crimping tools, such as the receiving elements and the press inserts, have to be used in these standard machine tools.
  • the system can have a clamping bracket.
  • the clamping bracket has an end face with a groove which is suitable for receiving the connection element.
  • the fillet can be designed in such a way that it surrounds the connection element at a distance, for example less than 1 mm or less than 0.5 mm.
  • the fillet can be arranged in the middle of the end face.
  • the fillet can have a semicircular, oval, triangular or polygonal shape.
  • the clamping bracket has a stop, which is arranged on a first side of the clamping bracket. In one embodiment, the stop does not completely close the groove of the clamping bracket, but is suitable for letting a projecting part of the connecting element protrude beyond the connecting element. In one embodiment, the stop is movable.
  • the system picks up the strand element with the connection element, which is arranged at a first end of the strand element, up to the stop and arranges the pair of press inserts around a central region (viewed in the axial direction) of the connection element on.
  • the middle area of the connection element can comprise the middle third, but it can also extend to one end of the connection element.
  • the press inserts and the receiving elements are therefore carried out in pairs so that they can be arranged as symmetrically as possible around the central area of the connecting element and thus achieve a symmetrical and high-quality deformation.
  • more than two press inserts and receiving elements are used in the production.
  • the strand element is a pipe that can be used, for example, for pipe connections in sanitary engineering.
  • the strand element is an electrical line or a bundle of lines, so that the establishment of a mechanical connection simultaneously effects the establishment of an electrical connection.
  • the aforementioned method enables the establishment of an electrical connection with low transition resistance in a relatively simple manner.
  • the strand element consists at least partially of plastics, in particular of thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or of combinations of these materials.
  • the connection element consists at least partially of plastics, in particular of thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or of combinations of these materials.
  • the strand element and / or the connecting element is coated with plastics, with lacquer, with metals, in particular with nickel, tin, zinc, silver. The measures mentioned have the advantageous effect of further improving the conductivity, in particular the transition and total resistance and / or the corrosion resistance, strength properties and / or flow properties of the workpiece produced.
  • the pair of grooves of the press inserts form a hexagon. This is particularly advantageous for cables with a certain thickness that are to be fixed during assembly.
  • the system further comprises a welding tool for the material connection of the strand element and the connection element.
  • a welding tool for the material connection of the strand element and the connection element. This enables a connection of the highest quality, both under mechanical as well as under electrical aspects. In some types of welding machines, welding takes place under high pressure.
  • the axial force used can be, for example, greater than 1 kN, in particular greater than 10 kN.
  • a system according to the invention ensures that a connection of such high quality has been produced by the reshaping, for example by the described crimping process, that the occurring ones are thereby Welding process forces do not lead to breakage or deterioration of the connection.
  • a pressure connection welding process such as spot friction welding, is used as the welding method. This advantageously creates a very compact weld structure.
  • the stop is closed by means of a closing spring. This is particularly advantageous if the stop is part of a machine with which the crimping process is carried out fully automatically or partially automatically; because it can be very simple, e.g. for removal, the workpiece is released and closed again during the manufacturing process.
  • the pair of receiving elements is driven by the jaws or the jaw attachment of a vise or vice. Only one of the jaws can be designed to be movable. This means that large forces can be applied in a reproducible manner during the forming process.
  • At least one side of the vice or vice is integrated in a tool unit which is moved along a slide rod. This enables simple and effective integration into the manufacturing process.
  • the system has a further clamping element which is suitable for receiving the strand element and, in particular, is moved together with the tool unit. This further improves the manufacturing process because it enables or at least simplifies the exact fixing of the workpiece at the beginning of the manufacturing process.
  • a holding device serves as part of the receiving element for receiving the strand element and a correspondingly arranged on the tool unit die is provided for positioning and alignment of the connection element relative to the strand element.
  • the holding device and the correspondingly arranged die are horizontally and / or vertically displaceable relative to one another by means of at least one compensating element.
  • the die has a tensioning hook, which corresponds to a tab of the connection element. is made and thus allows the positioning and alignment of the connection element by means of the movement of the clamping hook.
  • connection element has a tab.
  • the tab can be designed as a screw tab.
  • the tab can have an opening.
  • Such connection elements with tab are required for many applications, for example in industry or automotive engineering.
  • an embodiment of the clamping bracket can be selected, in which the stop does not completely close the groove of the clamping bracket, but which is suitable for projecting the part of the connection element to protrude beyond the connection element.
  • the system has cooling and / or preheating. This can improve process stability and / or tool life.
  • cooling and / or preheating the workpiece can improve the crimping and / or welding properties; for example, the optimum process temperature can be set and maintained for each material combination of strand element and connecting element.
  • the preheating can be used to support the forming, for example in the case of workpieces
  • the invention also encompasses a method for providing a mechanical (force-fitting and, depending on the choice / shape of the press insert at the same time form-fitting) connection between a strand element and a connecting element.
  • Components are used as specified above.
  • the strand element is arranged with the connection element on a stop of a tensioning bracket. After inserting it into the system, the workpiece is arranged at the stop so that the connection element lies directly against the stop. This improves the reproducibility and / or quality of the positioning.
  • a material connection between the strand element and the connecting element is produced by means of a welding tool. This enables a connection of the highest quality, both under mechanical and electrical aspects. The welding of some types of welding tools takes place under high pressure.
  • the axial force used can be greater than 1 kN, in particular greater than 10 kN, for example.
  • the method mentioned ensures that the deformation, for example that described Crimping process, a connection with such high quality was produced that the welding process forces do not lead to a break in the connection.
  • the strand element is arranged in the connection element such that a predefined distance remains between a first end of the strand element and the inside of the end face of the connection element.
  • An expansion, e.g. due to thermal effects, the strand element are compensated during manufacture, so that the strand element does not move in the connection element during manufacture and thus deteriorates the connection.
  • a stop for the strand can also be provided.
  • a pair of press inserts is arranged around a central region of the connection element.
  • the middle area of the connection element can comprise the middle third, but it can also extend to one end of the connection element.
  • connection element and the connection element vertically and / or horizontally relative to one another until there is optimal positioning and alignment of the connection element relative to the strand element.
  • 1a shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a press insert
  • FIG. 1 b shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a receiving element
  • Fig. Lc the schematic representation of an embodiment of a clamping bracket
  • FIG. 2a shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a system which was implemented by means of a vice or vice;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the system with a die and a holding device.
  • FIG. 1a shows the schematic representation of a press insert 300. It is clearly visible that the groove 315 extends over the entire narrow side of the end face 310 of the press insert 300.
  • the groove 315 is designed such that it has a smaller diameter than the groove 215 of the receiving elements 200 (see FIG.
  • the press insert 300 is suitable for shaping the connection element 150 (see FIG. 2a).
  • the groove 315 is designed in the embodiment shown so that when the press insert 300 is used in pairs, it has a hexagonal shape.
  • FIG. 1 b shows the schematic representation of a receiving element 200.
  • the receiving element 200 has a groove 215 on the end face 210. Furthermore, the receiving element 200 has a shaft 230. In the embodiment shown, this is open at the bottom.
  • the receiving element 200 is designed such that when the press insert 300 (see FIG. 1 a) is arranged in the shaft 230, the groove 315 of the press insert 300 is essentially flush with the groove 215 of the receiving element 200, apart from the different diameters and shapes of the throats 215 and 315.
  • the press insert can protrude up to 0.2 mm.
  • 1 c shows the schematic representation of a tensioning bracket 400.
  • the tensioning bracket 400 has a groove 415 on the end face 410 (this facing down in FIG. 1 c).
  • the clamping bracket 400 has a stop 450 on a first side 420.
  • the clamping bracket 400 is designed to be movable. It can be clearly seen that the stop 450, when it is guided downward and closed, does not completely close the groove 415 of the clamping bracket 400, but is suitable for letting a projecting part of the connecting element protrude beyond the connecting element.
  • 2a shows the schematic exploded view of a system 10 according to the invention, which was implemented by means of a vise or vice.
  • the elements press insert 300 and the receiving element 200 are mounted on an adapter plate 290, which is arranged on a slide runway 530.
  • the elements press insert 300 and the receiving element 200 on an adapter plate 290 can also be made in one piece.
  • the adapter plate 290 enables simple assembly on a vice or vice 500. It can be clearly seen that the elements press insert 300, receiving element 200 and adapter plate 290 are arranged in pairs opposite one another.
  • a strand element 100 and a connecting element 150 are arranged in the middle of the system 10.
  • the connection element 150 has a tab 158.
  • the connection element 150 is shown after the deformation and the opening of the system 10; the middle region 155 of the connecting element 150 was pressed into a hexagonal shape by closing the movable element of the vice or vise 500.
  • a vice or vice 500 can exert enormous forces on the workpiece in a calculable way and ensure satisfactory repeatability of the movement sequences and thereby bring about high-quality reshaping.
  • connection element 150 shows a closed vice or vice immediately after the end of the forming process. Only the tab 158 and an upper part of the connection element 150 can be seen. The change in the elements of the screw or clamping stock 500 is clearly visible, in particular in comparison with FIG. 2a.
  • the press insert 300 is covered by the closed receiving element 200.
  • a welding tool 600 (for example based on a spot friction welding tool, a sonotrode, an electrode or a hot stamp) is shown.
  • the welding tool 600 can be used to achieve a cohesive connection of the strand element 100 and the connecting element 150 after the shaping and thus to further improve the quality of the connection.
  • the system 10 is arranged vertically.
  • the receiving element 200 is supported by a spring mechanism floating in the vertical direction on a lower tool unit 550 and can be moved relative to the press insert 300 in the open vice position.
  • the receiving element 200 is designed in such a way that, in addition to the connecting element 150, it also the strand element 100 in a separate recess / mold cavity outside the forming area by means of a die 580 and a shark. device 590 accommodates.
  • the strand element 100 and the connecting element 150 are inserted horizontally into the receiving element 200, the connecting element 150 being fixed as a part of the receiving element 200 via a tensioning bracket 400 and the strand element 100 via a separate tensioning element 540 on the receiving element 200 or on a holding device 590 become.
  • the die 580 for holding and positioning the connecting element 150 is shown in FIG. 3.
  • the holding device 590 and thus the receiving element 200 can be displaced in the vertical and / or horizontal direction relative to the die 580.
  • This enables the connection element 150 to be positioned and held relative to the strand element 100 more easily.
  • This is preferably achieved by means of a compensating element 510, which can be a spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a similar mechanical compensating element.
  • the compensating element 510 is preferably arranged on the lower tool unit 550 below the die 510 and / or below the holding device 590 of the connecting element 200. In the example shown in FIG.
  • the die 580 is held by a plunger-shaped hydraulic compensation element 510 and the holding device 590 of the connection element 200 by means of a spring as a compensation element 510. Furthermore, the die 580 has a tensioning hook 585 which holds the tab 158 of the connection element 150 detected and thus serves to support the positioning of the connection element 150. 3, the receiving element 200 is arranged higher in this insertion position by the spring mechanism than the press insert 300. This has the advantage that the connection element 150 and the strand element 100 tilt or slip on the one that is otherwise opposite the Aufnah meelement 200 protruding relatively narrow press insert 300, the width of which is usually ⁇ 10 mm, is avoided.
  • the figures are merely schematic representations and serve only to explain the invention. The same or equivalent elements are provided with the same reference characters throughout. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
  • connection element 155 middle area of the connection element

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Wire Processing (AREA)
  • Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
  • Automatic Assembly (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for connecting a strand element (100) to a connection element (150) using a re-shaping method, e.g. connecting a cable to a cable lug. The system (10) comprises a pair of receiving elements (200) having a front side (210) with a recess (215) and a hollow section (230). The hollow section (230) is designed to accommodate a press insert (300) having a front side (310) with a recess (315). The receiving elements (200) and the press inserts (300) are arranged in a vice (500). The system (10) also comprises a clamp (400) having a front side (410) with a recess (415), which is suitable for receiving the connection element (150). When a pair of receiving elements (200) is arranged, together with the press insert (300), around a central region (155) of the connection element (150), then a re-shaping connection, e.g. a crimp connection, is produced between the strand element (100) and the connection element (150).

Description

HERSTELLEN VON PRESS- UND CRIMPVERBINDUNGEN IM SPANNSTOCK  MAKING PRESS AND CRIMP CONNECTIONS IN THE VICE
Technisches Gebiet Technical field
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Verbindung eines Strangelements mit einem Anschlusselement unter Verwendung eines Verfahrens zur Verformung, insbesondere eines Crimp-Verfahrens, zumindest in Teilen des Herstellungsverfahrens, unter Verwendung eines Schraub- oder Spannstocks. Das Verfahren wird insbesondere verwendet für die Ver bindung eines Rohres mit einem Abschluss- oder Anschlusselement, oder beispielsweise die Verbindung eines Kabels mit einem Kabelschuh. The present invention relates to a method for connecting a strand element to a connecting element using a method for deformation, in particular a crimping method, at least in parts of the manufacturing method, using a vise or vice. The method is used in particular for the connection of a pipe with a terminating or connecting element, or for example the connection of a cable with a cable lug.
Stand der Technik State of the art
Beim Beispiel der Verbindung eines Kabels mit einem Kabelschuh kann, zur vollständigen Herstellung des Werkstücks, eine Nachbearbeitung erforderlich sein. Diese Nachbearbeitung kann einen Bohr- und/oder einen Schweißvorgang beinhalten. In bestimmten Fällen wird dabei ein großer Druck auf die Crimp-Verbindung ausgeübt, so dass diese Crimp-Verbin- dung beschädigt oder zerstört werden kann und damit das Fügeverfahren deutliche Quali tätseinbußen erleidet. In the example of the connection of a cable to a cable lug, post-processing may be necessary to completely manufacture the workpiece. This post-processing can include a drilling and / or a welding process. In certain cases, a great deal of pressure is exerted on the crimp connection, so that this crimp connection can be damaged or destroyed and the joining process suffers a significant loss in quality.
Beschreibung der Erfindung Description of the invention
Eine Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, unter Einsatz konstruktiv möglichst einfacher Mittel diese Nachteile wenigstens teilweise zu überwinden. It is therefore an object of the invention to overcome these disadvantages at least partially using means that are structurally as simple as possible.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Gegenstände der unabhängigen Ansprüche gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung und den begleitenden Figuren angegeben. Ein erfindungsgemäßes System, das eingerichtet ist, eine mechanische Verbindung zwi schen einem Strangelement und einem Anschlusselement herzustellen, weist folgende Komponenten auf: The object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying figures. A system according to the invention, which is set up to establish a mechanical connection between a strand element and a connection element, has the following components:
Ein Paar von Aufnahmeelementen, von denen jedes Aufnahmeelement eine Stirnseite mit einer Kehlung und einen Schacht aufweist. Die Kehlung ist geeignet, das Anschlusselement aufzunehmen. Dazu kann die Kehlung so ausgelegt sein, dass diese das Anschlusselement mit einem Abstand, beispielsweise mit weniger als 1 mm oder weniger als 0,1 mm, um schließt. In einigen Ausführungsformen kann die Kehlung so ausgelegt sein, dass dadurch eine leichte Quetschung des Anschlusselements erfolgt, wenn das Paar von Aufnahmeele menten das Anschlusselement umschließt. Die Kehlung kann in der Mitte der Stirnseite an geordnet sein. Die Kehlung kann eine halbrunde, eine ovale, eine dreieckige oder eine mehreckige Form aufweisen. Der Schacht kann im Wesentlichen in der Mitte der Stirnseite angeordnet sein. Der Schacht kann vollständig von dem Material des Aufnahmeelements umschlossen sein, er kann aber auch nach einer Seite, zumindest teilweise, geöffnet sein.A pair of receiving elements, each receiving element having an end face with a groove and a shaft. The groove is suitable to accommodate the connection element. For this purpose, the fillet can be designed in such a way that it encloses the connection element at a distance, for example less than 1 mm or less than 0.1 mm. In some embodiments, the fillet may be designed to slightly pinch the connector when the pair of receptacles surround the connector. The groove can be arranged in the middle of the front. The fillet can have a semicircular, oval, triangular or polygonal shape. The shaft can be arranged essentially in the middle of the end face. The shaft can be completely enclosed by the material of the receiving element, but it can also be open, at least partially, on one side.
Die geöffnete Seite kann so ausgelegt sein, dass an dieser Stelle Elemente eines Schlittens aufgenommen werden können. The open side can be designed so that elements of a carriage can be accommodated at this point.
Weiterhin weist das System ein Paar von Presseinsätzen auf. Dabei weist jeder Presseinsatz eine Stirnseite mit einer Kehlung auf, die sich über die gesamte Schmalseite der Stirnseite erstreckt. Die Kehlung der Presseinsätze hat dabei einen geringeren Durchmesser als die Kehlung der Aufnahmeelemente, so dass der Presseinsatz geeignet ist, eine Umformung des Anschlusselements zu bewerkstelligen. Der Presseinsatz ist eingerichtet, in dem The system also has a pair of press inserts. Each press insert has an end face with a groove that extends over the entire narrow side of the end face. The groove of the press inserts has a smaller diameter than the groove of the receiving elements, so that the press insert is suitable for reshaping the connecting element. The press insert is set up in the
Schacht des Anschlusselements angeordnet zu werden. Dies ist so gestaltet, dass, wenn der Presseinsatz in dem Schacht angeordnet ist, die Kehlung des Presseinsatzes im Wesent lichen mit der Kehlung des Aufnahmeelements fluchtet, abgesehen von den unterschied lichen Durchmessern und Formen der Kehlungen. In einer Ausführungsform kann der Press einsatz bis zu 0,2 mm vorstehen. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass damit die Spannkräfte im We sentlichen über die Presseinsätze in das Werkstück eingeleitet werden. In einer Aus führungsform ist die Kombination von Aufnahmeelement und Presseinsatz, oder Kom bination von Aufnahmeelement, Presseinsatz und Adapterplatte, einstückig gestaltet. Shaft of the connecting element to be arranged. This is designed in such a way that, when the press insert is arranged in the shaft, the fillet of the press insert is essentially flush with the fillet of the receiving element, apart from the different diameters and shapes of the fillets. In one embodiment, the press insert can protrude up to 0.2 mm. This has the advantage that the clamping forces are essentially introduced into the workpiece via the press inserts. In one embodiment, the combination of receiving element and press insert, or combination of receiving element, press insert and adapter plate, is designed in one piece.
Die Aufnahmeelemente und die Presseinsätze sind dabei in einem Schraub- oder Spann stock angeordnet, der je nach Ausführungsform in vertikaler und/oder horizontaler Einbaula- ge betrieben werden kann. Dabei wird ein Schraub- oder Spannstock üblicherweise verwen det, um bestimmte Werkstücke für die Bearbeitung einzuspannen oder einzuklemmen. Die Bearbeitung der Werkstücke wird aber von anderen Maschinen, z.B. von Fräsmaschinen, durchgeführt. Bei der vorliegenden Erfindung hingegen wird der Schraub- oder Spannstock für die Bearbeitung, insbesondere für die Umformung, der Werkstücke genutzt. Dies ist ins besondere deshalb vorteilhaft, weil dadurch Standard-Werkzeugmaschinen, wie z.B. ein Schraub- oder Spannstock, für die Herstellung für die Umformung von Werkstücken, bei spielsweise einer Crimpverbindung, verwendet werden können. In diese Standard- Werkzeugmaschinen müssen nur die spezifischen Umformungs- bzw. Crimpwerkzeuge, wie die Aufnahmeelemente und die Presseinsätze, eingesetzt werden. The receiving elements and the press inserts are arranged in a screw or vice, which depending on the embodiment in vertical and / or horizontal installation can be operated. A vice or vice is usually used to clamp or clamp certain workpieces for machining. However, the processing of the workpieces is carried out by other machines, such as milling machines. In the present invention, however, the vice or vice is used for machining, in particular for forming, the workpieces. This is particularly advantageous because it enables standard machine tools, such as a vice or vice, to be used for the production of workpieces, for example a crimp connection. Only the specific forming or crimping tools, such as the receiving elements and the press inserts, have to be used in these standard machine tools.
Weiterhin kann das System einen Spannbügel aufweisen. Der Spannbügel weist eine Stirn seite mit einer Kehlung auf, die geeignet ist, das Anschlusselement aufzunehmen. Dazu kann die Kehlung so ausgelegt sein, dass diese das Anschlusselement mit einem Abstand, beispielsweise mit weniger als 1 mm oder weniger als 0,5 mm, umschließt. Die Kehlung kann in der Mitte der Stirnseite angeordnet sein. Die Kehlung kann eine halbrunde, eine ova le, eine dreieckige oder eine mehreckige Form aufweisen. Weiterhin weist der Spannbügel einen Anschlag auf, der an einer ersten Seite des Spannbügels angeordnet ist. In einer Aus führungsform verschließt der Anschlag die Kehlung des Spannbügels nicht vollständig, son dern ist geeignet, einen vorspringenden Teil des Anschlusselements über das Anschluss element hinausragen zu lassen. In einer Ausführungsform ist der Anschlag beweglich. Furthermore, the system can have a clamping bracket. The clamping bracket has an end face with a groove which is suitable for receiving the connection element. For this purpose, the fillet can be designed in such a way that it surrounds the connection element at a distance, for example less than 1 mm or less than 0.5 mm. The fillet can be arranged in the middle of the end face. The fillet can have a semicircular, oval, triangular or polygonal shape. Furthermore, the clamping bracket has a stop, which is arranged on a first side of the clamping bracket. In one embodiment, the stop does not completely close the groove of the clamping bracket, but is suitable for letting a projecting part of the connecting element protrude beyond the connecting element. In one embodiment, the stop is movable.
Das System nimmt, bei der Herstellung der Verbindung, das Strangelement mit dem An schlusselement, das an einem ersten Ende des Strangelements angeordnet ist, bis zu dem Anschlag auf und ordnet das Paar von Presseinsätzen um einen mittleren Bereich (in Axial richtung gesehen) des Anschlusselements an. Der mittlere Bereich des Anschlusselements kann dabei das mittlere Drittel umfassen, er kann sich aber auch bis zu einem Ende des An schlusselements erstrecken. Die Presseinsätze und die Aufnahmeelemente sind deshalb paarweise ausgeführt, damit diese sich möglichst symmetrisch um den mittleren Bereich des Anschlusselements anordnen können und damit eine symmetrische und qualitativ hochwer tige Umformung erreichen. In einer Ausführungsform werden mehr als je zwei Presseinsätze und Aufnahmeelemente bei der Herstellung verwendet. In einer Ausführungsform ist das Strangelement ein Rohr, das beispielsweise für Rohrver bindungen in der Sanitärtechnik verwendet werden kann. When establishing the connection, the system picks up the strand element with the connection element, which is arranged at a first end of the strand element, up to the stop and arranges the pair of press inserts around a central region (viewed in the axial direction) of the connection element on. The middle area of the connection element can comprise the middle third, but it can also extend to one end of the connection element. The press inserts and the receiving elements are therefore carried out in pairs so that they can be arranged as symmetrically as possible around the central area of the connecting element and thus achieve a symmetrical and high-quality deformation. In one embodiment, more than two press inserts and receiving elements are used in the production. In one embodiment, the strand element is a pipe that can be used, for example, for pipe connections in sanitary engineering.
In einer Ausführungsform ist das Strangelement eine elektrische Leitung oder ein Leitungs bündel, so dass das Herstellen einer mechanischen Verbindung gleichzeitig das Herstellen einer elektrischen Verbindung bewirkt. Dabei ermöglicht das genannte Verfahren auf relativ einfache Weise die Herstellung einer elektrischen Verbindung mit geringem Übergangswi derstand. In one embodiment, the strand element is an electrical line or a bundle of lines, so that the establishment of a mechanical connection simultaneously effects the establishment of an electrical connection. In this case, the aforementioned method enables the establishment of an electrical connection with low transition resistance in a relatively simple manner.
In einer Ausführungsform besteht das Strangelement zumindest teilweise aus Kunststoffen, insbesondere aus Thermoplasten, aus Weichmetallen, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Kupfer oder Aluminium- und/oder Kupferlegierungen, und/oder aus Stahl und/oder aus Kom binationen dieser Materialien. In einer Ausführungsform besteht das Anschlusselement zu mindest teilweise aus Kunststoffen, insbesondere aus Thermoplasten, aus Weichmetallen, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Kupfer oder Aluminium- und/oder Kupferlegierungen, und/oder aus Stahl und/oder aus Kombinationen dieser Materialien besteht. In einer Ausfüh rungsform ist das Strangelement und/oder das Anschlusselement mit Kunststoffen, mit Lack, mit Metallen, insbesondere mit Nickel, Zinn, Zink, Silber, beschichtet. Die genannten Maß nahmen haben den vorteilhaften Effekt, die Leitfähigkeit, insbesondere den Übergangs- und Gesamtwiderstand und/oder die Korrosionsbeständigkeit, Festigkeitseigenschaften und/oder Fließeigenschaften des hergestellten Werkstücks weiter zu verbessern. In one embodiment, the strand element consists at least partially of plastics, in particular of thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or of combinations of these materials. In one embodiment, the connection element consists at least partially of plastics, in particular of thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or of combinations of these materials. In one embodiment, the strand element and / or the connecting element is coated with plastics, with lacquer, with metals, in particular with nickel, tin, zinc, silver. The measures mentioned have the advantageous effect of further improving the conductivity, in particular the transition and total resistance and / or the corrosion resistance, strength properties and / or flow properties of the workpiece produced.
In einer Ausführungsform bildet das Paar von Kehlungen der Presseinsätze ein Sechseck. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft für Kabel mit einer gewissen Dicke, die bei der Montage fixiert werden sollen. In one embodiment, the pair of grooves of the press inserts form a hexagon. This is particularly advantageous for cables with a certain thickness that are to be fixed during assembly.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das System weiterhin ein Schweißwerkzeug zur stoffschlüs sigen Verbindung von dem Strangelement und dem Anschlusselement auf. Dies ermöglicht eine Verbindung mit höchster Qualität, sowohl unter mechanischen als auch unter elektri schen Aspekten. Dabei geschieht das Schweißen bei einigen Typen von Schweißwerk zeugen unter hohen Druck. Die verwendete Axialkraft kann dabei beispielsweise größer als 1 kN, insbesondere größer als 10 kN, sein. Durch ein erfindungsgemäßes System wird ge währleistet, dass durch die Umformung, z.B. durch das geschilderte Crimp-Verfahren, eine Verbindung mit derart hoher Qualität produziert wurde, dass damit die auftretenden Schweißprozesskräfte zu keinem Bruch oder zu keiner Verschlechterung der Verbindung führen. In einer Ausführungsform wird als Schweißverfahren ein Pressverbindungsschweiß prozess, wie z.B. das Punktreibschweißen, verwendet. Dadurch wird vorteilhafterweise ein sehr kompaktes Schweißgefüge geschaffen. In one embodiment, the system further comprises a welding tool for the material connection of the strand element and the connection element. This enables a connection of the highest quality, both under mechanical as well as under electrical aspects. In some types of welding machines, welding takes place under high pressure. The axial force used can be, for example, greater than 1 kN, in particular greater than 10 kN. A system according to the invention ensures that a connection of such high quality has been produced by the reshaping, for example by the described crimping process, that the occurring ones are thereby Welding process forces do not lead to breakage or deterioration of the connection. In one embodiment, a pressure connection welding process, such as spot friction welding, is used as the welding method. This advantageously creates a very compact weld structure.
In einer Ausführungsform wird der Anschlag mittels einer Schließfeder geschlossen. Dies ist insbesondere vorteilhaft, wenn der Anschlag Teil einer Maschine ist, mit der das Crimp-Ver- fahren vollautomatisch oder teilautomatisch durchgeführt wird; denn damit kann sehr einfach, z.B. zur Entnahme, das Werkstück freigegeben werden und beim Herstellungsprozess wie der geschlossen werden. In one embodiment, the stop is closed by means of a closing spring. This is particularly advantageous if the stop is part of a machine with which the crimping process is carried out fully automatically or partially automatically; because it can be very simple, e.g. for removal, the workpiece is released and closed again during the manufacturing process.
In einer Ausführungsform wird das Paar von Aufnahmeelementen durch die Backen oder den Backenaufsatz eines Schraub- oder Spannstocks angetrieben. Dabei kann nur eine der Backen beweglich ausgeführt sein. Damit können auf reproduzierbare Weise große Kräfte bei dem Umformvorgang angewandt werden. In one embodiment, the pair of receiving elements is driven by the jaws or the jaw attachment of a vise or vice. Only one of the jaws can be designed to be movable. This means that large forces can be applied in a reproducible manner during the forming process.
In einer Ausführungsform ist mindestens eine Seite des Schraub- oder Spannstocks in eine Werkzeugeinheit integriert, welche entlang einer Gleitstange bewegt wird. Damit ist eine ein fache und wirkungsvolle Integration in den Herstellungsprozess möglich. In one embodiment, at least one side of the vice or vice is integrated in a tool unit which is moved along a slide rod. This enables simple and effective integration into the manufacturing process.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das System ein weiteres Spannelement auf, welches geeig net ist, das Strangelement aufzunehmen und insbesondere zusammen mit der Werkzeuein- heit bewegt wird. Dies verbessert den Herstellungsprozess weiter, weil damit das exakte Fixieren des Werkstücks zu Beginn des Herstellungsprozesses ermöglicht oder zumindest vereinfacht wird. In one embodiment, the system has a further clamping element which is suitable for receiving the strand element and, in particular, is moved together with the tool unit. This further improves the manufacturing process because it enables or at least simplifies the exact fixing of the workpiece at the beginning of the manufacturing process.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist vorgesehen, dass eine Haltevorrichtung als Teil des Aufnahmeelements zur Aufnahme des Strangelements dient und eine korrespondierend auf der Werkzeugeinheit angeordnete Matrize zur Positionierung und Ausrichtung des An schlusselements relativ zum Strangelement vorgesehen ist. Die Haltevorrichtung und die korrespondierend angeordnete Matrize sind horizontal und/oder vertikal relativ zueinander mittels mindestens eines Ausgleichselements verschiebbar gelagert. Des Weiteren weist die Matrize einen Spannhaken auf, der korrespondierend zu einer Lasche des Anschlussele- ments ausgefertigt ist und damit die Positionierung und Ausrichtung des Anschlusselements mittels der Bewegung des Spannhakens erlaubt. In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that a holding device serves as part of the receiving element for receiving the strand element and a correspondingly arranged on the tool unit die is provided for positioning and alignment of the connection element relative to the strand element. The holding device and the correspondingly arranged die are horizontally and / or vertically displaceable relative to one another by means of at least one compensating element. Furthermore, the die has a tensioning hook, which corresponds to a tab of the connection element. is made and thus allows the positioning and alignment of the connection element by means of the movement of the clamping hook.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das Anschlusselement eine Lasche auf. Die Lasche kann als Schraublasche ausgeführt sein. Die Lasche kann eine Öffnung aufweisen. Derartige An schlusselemente mit Lasche werden für viele Anwendungen, beispielsweise in der Industrie oder Fahrzeugtechnik benötigt. Für diese Art von Anschlusselementen kann eine Ausfüh rungsform des Spannbügels gewählt werden, bei welcher der Anschlag die Kehlung des Spannbügels nicht vollständig verschließt, sondern welcher geeignet ist, einen vorspringen den Teil des Anschlusselements über das Anschlusselement hinausragen zu lassen. In one embodiment, the connection element has a tab. The tab can be designed as a screw tab. The tab can have an opening. Such connection elements with tab are required for many applications, for example in industry or automotive engineering. For this type of connection elements, an embodiment of the clamping bracket can be selected, in which the stop does not completely close the groove of the clamping bracket, but which is suitable for projecting the part of the connection element to protrude beyond the connection element.
In einer Ausführungsform weist das System eine Kühlung und/oder eine Vorwärmung auf. Damit kann die Prozessstabilität und/oder die Werkzeugstandzeit verbessert werden. Darü ber hinaus kann eine Kühlung und/oder eine Vorwärmung des Werkstücks die Crimp- und/oder die Schweißeigenschaften verbessern, beispielsweise kann damit für jede Materi alkombination von Strangelement und Anschlusselement die optimale Prozesstemperatur eingestellt und beibehalten werden. In einer Ausführungsform kann die Vorwärmung für die Unterstützung der Umformung genutzt werden, beispielsweise bei Werkstücken, die In one embodiment, the system has cooling and / or preheating. This can improve process stability and / or tool life. In addition, cooling and / or preheating the workpiece can improve the crimping and / or welding properties; for example, the optimum process temperature can be set and maintained for each material combination of strand element and connecting element. In one embodiment, the preheating can be used to support the forming, for example in the case of workpieces
Thermoplaste aufweisen. Have thermoplastics.
Die Erfindung umfasst auch ein Verfahren zur Fierstellung einer mechanischen (kraft schlüssigen und je nach Wahl/Formgebung des Presseinsatzes zugleich formschlüssigen) Verbindung zwischen einem Strangelement und einem Anschlusselement. Dabei werden Komponenten verwendet, wie sie oben spezifiziert wurden. Gemäß dem Verfahren wird das Strangelement mit dem Anschlusselement an einem Anschlag eines Spannbügels angeord net. Dabei wird das Werkstück nach dem Einlegen in das System so an dem Anschlag an geordnet, dass das Anschlusselement direkt an dem Anschlag anliegt. Dies verbessert die Reproduzierbarkeit und/oder Qualität der Fierstellung. Abschließend wird eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung von dem Strangelement und dem Anschlusselement mittels eines Schweißwerk zeuges erzeugt. Dies ermöglicht eine Verbindung mit höchster Qualität, sowohl unter me chanischen als auch unter elektrischen Aspekten. Dabei geschieht das Schweißen bei eini gen Typen von Schweißwerkzeugen unter hohen Druck. Die verwendete Axialkraft kann da bei beispielsweise größer als 1 kN, insbesondere größer als 10 kN, sein. Durch das genann te Verfahren wird gewährleistet, dass durch die Umformung, z.B. durch das geschilderte Crimp-Verfahren, eine Verbindung mit derart hoher Qualität produziert wurde, dass damit die auftretenden Schweißprozesskräfte zu keinem Bruch der Verbindung führen. The invention also encompasses a method for providing a mechanical (force-fitting and, depending on the choice / shape of the press insert at the same time form-fitting) connection between a strand element and a connecting element. Components are used as specified above. According to the method, the strand element is arranged with the connection element on a stop of a tensioning bracket. After inserting it into the system, the workpiece is arranged at the stop so that the connection element lies directly against the stop. This improves the reproducibility and / or quality of the positioning. Finally, a material connection between the strand element and the connecting element is produced by means of a welding tool. This enables a connection of the highest quality, both under mechanical and electrical aspects. The welding of some types of welding tools takes place under high pressure. The axial force used can be greater than 1 kN, in particular greater than 10 kN, for example. The method mentioned ensures that the deformation, for example that described Crimping process, a connection with such high quality was produced that the welding process forces do not lead to a break in the connection.
In einer Ausführungsform wird das Strangelement so in dem Anschlusselement angeordnet, dass ein vordefinierter Abstand zwischen einem ersten Ende des Strangelements und der Innenseite der Stirnseite des Anschlusselements verbleibt. Damit kann eine Ausdehnung, z.B. aufgrund von thermischen Effekten, des Strangelements bei der Herstellung kompen siert werden, so dass das Strangelement während der Herstellung sich nicht in dem An schlusselement bewegt und damit die Verbindung verschlechtert. In einer Ausführungsform kann auch ein Anschlag für die Litze (das Strangelement) vorgesehen sein. In one embodiment, the strand element is arranged in the connection element such that a predefined distance remains between a first end of the strand element and the inside of the end face of the connection element. An expansion, e.g. due to thermal effects, the strand element are compensated during manufacture, so that the strand element does not move in the connection element during manufacture and thus deteriorates the connection. In one embodiment, a stop for the strand (the strand element) can also be provided.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung des Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, dass ein Paar von Presseinsätzen um einen mittleren Bereich des Anschlusselements angeordnet wird. Der mittlere Bereich des Anschlusselements kann dabei das mittlere Drittel umfassen, er kann sich aber auch bis zu einem Ende des Anschlusselements erstrecken. In an advantageous embodiment of the method it is provided that a pair of press inserts is arranged around a central region of the connection element. The middle area of the connection element can comprise the middle third, but it can also extend to one end of the connection element.
Es hat sich ebenfalls als vorteilhaft erwiesen das Strangelement und das Anschlusselement vertikal und/oder horizontal gegeneinander zu verschieben, bis eine optimale Positionierung und Ausrichtung des Anschlusselements relativ zum Strangelement vorliegt. It has also proven to be advantageous to move the strand element and the connection element vertically and / or horizontally relative to one another until there is optimal positioning and alignment of the connection element relative to the strand element.
Des Weiteren ist erfindungsgemäß vorgesehen, zumindest einen Teil des Systems, des Strangelements und/oder des Anschlusselements während des Umformprozesses und/oder während des nachfolgenden Schweißprozesses zu kühlen und/oder vorzuwärmen. Hierdurch werden zu große Temperaturunterschieden zwischen den einzelnen Komponenten des Sys tems bzw. des Strangelements oder des Anschlusselements während des Crimp- und/oder die Schweißprozesses vermieden und damit die Prozessqualität und die Verbindungseigen schaften zwischen dem Strangelement und dem Anschlusselement verbessert. Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention to cool and / or preheat at least a part of the system, the strand element and / or the connection element during the forming process and / or during the subsequent welding process. This avoids excessive temperature differences between the individual components of the system or the strand element or the connection element during the crimping and / or the welding process and thus improves the process quality and the connection properties between the strand element and the connection element.
Kurze Figurenbeschreibung Brief description of the figures
Nachfolgend wird ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung unter Bezugnahme auf die begleitenden Figuren erläutert. Es zeigen: An advantageous exemplary embodiment of the invention is explained below with reference to the accompanying figures. Show it:
Fig. 1a die schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Presseinsatzes; 1a shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a press insert;
Fig. 1 b die schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Aufnahmeelements; Fig. l c die schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Spannbügels; 1 b shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a receiving element; Fig. Lc, the schematic representation of an embodiment of a clamping bracket;
Fig. 2a die schematische Darstellung einer Ausführungsform eines Systems, das mittels eines Schraub- oder Spannstocks realisiert wurde;  2a shows the schematic representation of an embodiment of a system which was implemented by means of a vice or vice;
Fig. 2b ein geschlossener Schraub- oder Spannstock am Ende des Umformungsprozes ses;  2b shows a closed vice or vice at the end of the forming process;
Fig. 3 die schematische Explosionszeichnung einer Ausführungsform des Systems mit einer Matrize und einer Haltevorrichtung.  Fig. 3 is a schematic exploded view of an embodiment of the system with a die and a holding device.
Fig. 1a zeigt die schematische Darstellung eines Presseinsatzes 300. Dabei ist deutlich sichtbar, dass die Kehlung 315 sich über die gesamte Schmalseite der Stirnseite 310 des Presseinsatzes 300 erstreckt. Die Kehlung 315 ist dabei so ausgelegt, dass sie einen gerin geren Durchmesser aufweist als die Kehlung 215 der Aufnahmeelemente 200 (siehe Fig.FIG. 1a shows the schematic representation of a press insert 300. It is clearly visible that the groove 315 extends over the entire narrow side of the end face 310 of the press insert 300. The groove 315 is designed such that it has a smaller diameter than the groove 215 of the receiving elements 200 (see FIG.
1 b). Dadurch ist der Presseinsatz 300 geeignet, eine Umformung des Anschlusselements 150 (siehe Fig. 2a) zu bewerkstelligen. Die Kehlung 315 ist in der gezeigten Ausführungs form so gestaltet, dass sie, wenn der Presseinsatz 300 paarweise verwendet wird, eine sechseckige Form aufweist. 1 b). As a result, the press insert 300 is suitable for shaping the connection element 150 (see FIG. 2a). The groove 315 is designed in the embodiment shown so that when the press insert 300 is used in pairs, it has a hexagonal shape.
Fig. 1 b zeigt die schematische Darstellung eines Aufnahmeelements 200. Das Aufnahme element 200 weist eine Kehlung 215 auf der Stirnseite 210 auf. Weiterhin weist das Aufnah meelement 200 einen Schacht 230 auf. Dieser ist in der gezeigten Ausführungsform nach unten geöffnet. Das Aufnahmeelement 200 ist so gestaltet, dass, wenn der Presseinsatz 300 (siehe Fig. 1a) in dem Schacht 230 angeordnet ist, die Kehlung 315 des Presseinsatzes 300 im Wesentlichen mit der Kehlung 215 des Aufnahmeelements 200 fluchtet, abgesehen von den unterschiedlichen Durchmessern und Formen der Kehlungen 215 und 315. In einer Aus führungsform kann der Presseinsatz bis zu 0,2 mm vorstehen. 1 b shows the schematic representation of a receiving element 200. The receiving element 200 has a groove 215 on the end face 210. Furthermore, the receiving element 200 has a shaft 230. In the embodiment shown, this is open at the bottom. The receiving element 200 is designed such that when the press insert 300 (see FIG. 1 a) is arranged in the shaft 230, the groove 315 of the press insert 300 is essentially flush with the groove 215 of the receiving element 200, apart from the different diameters and shapes of the throats 215 and 315. In one embodiment, the press insert can protrude up to 0.2 mm.
Fig. 1 c zeigt die schematische Darstellung eines Spannbügels 400. Der Spannbügel 400 weist eine Kehlung 415 auf der Stirnseite 410 (diese auf in Fig. 1 c nach unten) auf. Auf einer ersten Seite 420 weist der Spannbügel 400 einen Anschlag 450 auf. In der gezeigten Aus führungsform ist der Spannbügel 400 beweglich ausgeführt. Es ist deutlich erkennbar, dass der Anschlag 450, wenn er nach unten geführt und geschlossen wird, die Kehlung 415 des Spannbügels 400 nicht vollständig verschließt, sondern geeignet ist, einen vorspringenden Teil des Anschlusselements über das Anschlusselement hinausragen zu lassen. Fig. 2a zeigt die schematische Explosionsdarstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Systems 10, das mittels eines Schraub- oder Spannstocks realisiert wurde. Dabei sind die Elemente Presseinsatz 300 und das Aufnahmeelement 200 auf einer Adapterplatte 290 angebracht, die auf einer Schlittenlaufbahn 530 angeordnet ist. Die Elemente Presseinsatz 300 und das Aufnahmeelement 200 auf einer Adapterplatte 290 können auch einstückig ausgeführt sein. Die Adapterplatte 290 ermöglicht eine einfache Montage an einem Schraubstock oder Spannstock 500. Es ist deutlich erkennbar, dass die Elemente Presseinsatz 300, Aufnahme element 200 und Adapterplatte 290 paarweise gegenüberliegend angeordnet sind. In der Mitte des Systems 10 ist ein Strangelement 100 und ein Anschlusselement 150 angeordnet. Das Anschlusselement 150 weist eine Lasche 158 auf. Das Anschlusselement 150 ist nach dem der Umformung und der Öffnung des Systems 10 gezeigt; dabei wurde der mittlere Be reich 155 des Anschlusselements 150, durch Schließen des beweglichen Elements des Schraub- oder Spannstocks 500, in eine sechseckige Form gepresst. Ein Schraub- oder Spannstock 500 kann dabei in berechenbarer Weise enorme Kräfte auf das Werkstück aus üben und eine zufriedenstellende Wiederholbarkeit der Bewegungsabläufe sicherstellen und dadurch eine Umformung in hoher Qualität bewirken. 1 c shows the schematic representation of a tensioning bracket 400. The tensioning bracket 400 has a groove 415 on the end face 410 (this facing down in FIG. 1 c). The clamping bracket 400 has a stop 450 on a first side 420. In the embodiment shown, the clamping bracket 400 is designed to be movable. It can be clearly seen that the stop 450, when it is guided downward and closed, does not completely close the groove 415 of the clamping bracket 400, but is suitable for letting a projecting part of the connecting element protrude beyond the connecting element. 2a shows the schematic exploded view of a system 10 according to the invention, which was implemented by means of a vise or vice. The elements press insert 300 and the receiving element 200 are mounted on an adapter plate 290, which is arranged on a slide runway 530. The elements press insert 300 and the receiving element 200 on an adapter plate 290 can also be made in one piece. The adapter plate 290 enables simple assembly on a vice or vice 500. It can be clearly seen that the elements press insert 300, receiving element 200 and adapter plate 290 are arranged in pairs opposite one another. A strand element 100 and a connecting element 150 are arranged in the middle of the system 10. The connection element 150 has a tab 158. The connection element 150 is shown after the deformation and the opening of the system 10; the middle region 155 of the connecting element 150 was pressed into a hexagonal shape by closing the movable element of the vice or vise 500. A vice or vice 500 can exert enormous forces on the workpiece in a calculable way and ensure satisfactory repeatability of the movement sequences and thereby bring about high-quality reshaping.
Fig. 2b zeigt einen geschlossenen Schraub- oder Spannstock unmittelbar nach dem Ende des Umformungsprozesses. Dabei ist nur noch die Lasche 158 und ein oberer Teil des An schlusselements 150 erkennbar. Die Veränderung der Elemente des Schraub- oder Spann stocks 500 ist, insbesondere im Vergleich mit Fig. 2a, deutlich sichtbar. Dabei ist der Press einsatz 300 durch das geschlossene Aufnahmeelement 200 verdeckt. Oberhalb des An schlusselements 150 ist ein Schweißwerkzeug 600 (z. B. in Anlehnung an ein Punktreib schweißwerkzeug, einer Sonotrode, einer Elektrode oder eines Heißstempels) dargestellt. Das Schweißwerkzeug 600 kann genutzt werden, um nach der Umformung eine stoffschlüs sige Verbindung von dem Strangelement 100 und dem Anschlusselement 150 zu erreichen und damit die Qualität der Verbindung weiter zu verbessern. 2b shows a closed vice or vice immediately after the end of the forming process. Only the tab 158 and an upper part of the connection element 150 can be seen. The change in the elements of the screw or clamping stock 500 is clearly visible, in particular in comparison with FIG. 2a. The press insert 300 is covered by the closed receiving element 200. Above the connection element 150, a welding tool 600 (for example based on a spot friction welding tool, a sonotrode, an electrode or a hot stamp) is shown. The welding tool 600 can be used to achieve a cohesive connection of the strand element 100 and the connecting element 150 after the shaping and thus to further improve the quality of the connection.
In einer Ausführungsform der Fig. 3 ist das System 10 vertikal angeordnet. Das Aufnahme element 200 ist durch einen Federmechanismus in vertikaler Richtung schwimmend auf ei ner unteren Werkzeugeinheit 550 gelagert und lässt sich in offener Spannstockstellung rela tiv zum Presseinsatz 300 bewegen. Das Aufnahmeelement 200 ist derart gestaltet, dass es neben dem Anschlusselement 150 auch das Strangelement 100 in einer gesonderten Aus nehmung/Formnest außerhalb des Umformbereichs mittels einer Matrize 580 und einer Hai- tevorrichtung 590 aufnimmt. Das Strangelement 100 und das Anschlusselement 150 werden horizontal in das Aufnahmeelement 200 eingelegt, wobei das Anschlusselement 150 über einen Spannbügel 400 und das Strangelement 100 über ein gesondertes Spannelement 540 auf dem Aufnahmeelement 200 bzw. auf einer Haltevorrichtung 590 als Teil des Aufnahme- elements 200 fixiert werden. Darüber hinaus ist die Matrize 580 zur Halterung und Positionie rung des Anschlusselements 150 in der Fig. 3 gezeigt. Die Haltevorrichtung 590 und damit das Aufnahmeelement 200 sind in vertikaler und/oder horizontaler Richtung gegenüber der Matrize 580 verschiebbar. Dies ermöglicht eine leichtere Positionierung und Halterung des Anschlusselements 150 relative zum Strangelement 100. Bevorzugt wird dies durch ein Aus- gleichselement 510 erreicht, das eine Feder, ein hydraulischer Zylinder oder ein ähnliches mechanisches Ausgleichselement sein kann. Das Ausgleichselement 510 ist bevorzugt auf der unteren Werkzeugeinheit 550 unterhalb der Matrize 510 und/oder unterhalb der Haltevor richtung 590 des Anschlusselements 200 angeordnet. Im gezeigten Beispiel der Fig. 3 ist die Matrize 580 durch ein stempelförmiges hydraulisches Ausgleichselement 510 gehalten und die Haltevorrichtung 590 des Anschlusselements 200 mittels einer Feder als Ausgleichsele ment 510. Des Weiteren weist die Matrize 580 einen Spannhaken 585 auf, der die Lasche 158 des Anschlusselements 150 erfasst und damit zur Unterstützung der Positionierung des Anschlusselements 150 dient. Durch die Konzeption gemäß der Fig. 3 ist das Aufnahme element 200 in dieser Einlegeposition durch den Federmechanismus höher angeordnet als der Presseinsatz 300. Dies hat den Vorteil, dass ein Verkippen bzw. Verrutschen des An schlusselements 150 und des Strangelements 100 auf dem sonst gegenüber dem Aufnah meelement 200 hervorstehenden relativ schmalen Presseinsatz 300, dessen Breite in der Regel < 10 mm beträgt, vermieden wird. Die Figuren sind lediglich schematische Darstellungen und dienen nur der Erläuterung der Erfindung. Gleiche oder gleichwirkende Elemente sind durchgängig mit den gleichen Be zugszeichen versehen. BEZUGSZEICHENLISTE In one embodiment of FIG. 3, the system 10 is arranged vertically. The receiving element 200 is supported by a spring mechanism floating in the vertical direction on a lower tool unit 550 and can be moved relative to the press insert 300 in the open vice position. The receiving element 200 is designed in such a way that, in addition to the connecting element 150, it also the strand element 100 in a separate recess / mold cavity outside the forming area by means of a die 580 and a shark. device 590 accommodates. The strand element 100 and the connecting element 150 are inserted horizontally into the receiving element 200, the connecting element 150 being fixed as a part of the receiving element 200 via a tensioning bracket 400 and the strand element 100 via a separate tensioning element 540 on the receiving element 200 or on a holding device 590 become. In addition, the die 580 for holding and positioning the connecting element 150 is shown in FIG. 3. The holding device 590 and thus the receiving element 200 can be displaced in the vertical and / or horizontal direction relative to the die 580. This enables the connection element 150 to be positioned and held relative to the strand element 100 more easily. This is preferably achieved by means of a compensating element 510, which can be a spring, a hydraulic cylinder or a similar mechanical compensating element. The compensating element 510 is preferably arranged on the lower tool unit 550 below the die 510 and / or below the holding device 590 of the connecting element 200. In the example shown in FIG. 3, the die 580 is held by a plunger-shaped hydraulic compensation element 510 and the holding device 590 of the connection element 200 by means of a spring as a compensation element 510. Furthermore, the die 580 has a tensioning hook 585 which holds the tab 158 of the connection element 150 detected and thus serves to support the positioning of the connection element 150. 3, the receiving element 200 is arranged higher in this insertion position by the spring mechanism than the press insert 300. This has the advantage that the connection element 150 and the strand element 100 tilt or slip on the one that is otherwise opposite the Aufnah meelement 200 protruding relatively narrow press insert 300, the width of which is usually <10 mm, is avoided. The figures are merely schematic representations and serve only to explain the invention. The same or equivalent elements are provided with the same reference characters throughout. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
10 System 10 system
100 Rohr, Leitung, Leitungsbündel  100 pipe, line, line bundle
1 10 erstes Ende des Rohrs  1 10 first end of the tube
150 Anschlusselement  150 connecting element
155 mittlerer Bereich des Anschlusselements  155 middle area of the connection element
157 Stirnseite  157 end face
158 Lasche  158 tab
200 Aufnahmeelement  200 receiving element
210 Stirnseite  210 end face
215 Kehlung  215 throat
230 Schacht  230 shaft
290 Adapterplatte  290 adapter plate
300 Presseinsatz  300 press insert
310 Stirnseite  310 end face
315 Kehlung  315 throat
400 Spannbügel  400 clamps
420 erste Seite  420 first page
450 Anschlag  450 stop
460 Schließfeder  460 closing spring
490 weiteres Spannelement  490 further clamping element
500 Schraub- oder Spannstock  500 vices or vice
510 Ausgleichselement  510 compensation element
520 Backen oder Backenaufsatz  520 jaws or jaw attachment
530 Schlittenlaufbahn  530 sledge run
540 Spannelement  540 clamping element
550 Werkzeugeinheit  550 tool unit
560 Kühl- oder Vorwärmsystem  560 cooling or preheating system
570 Gleitstange  570 slide rod
580 Matrize  580 die
585 Spannhaken  585 hooks
590 Haltevorrichtung  590 holding device
600 Schweißwerkzeug  600 welding tools

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE
1. System (10), das eingerichtet ist, eine mechanische Verbindung zwischen einem Strangelement (100) und einem Anschlusselement (150) herzustellen, aufweisend: - ein Paar von Aufnahmeelementen (200), 1. System (10), which is set up to produce a mechanical connection between a strand element (100) and a connection element (150), comprising: a pair of receiving elements (200),
wobei jedes Aufnahmeelement (200) eine Stirnseite (210) mit einer Kehlung (215), die geeignet ist, das Anschlusselement (150) aufzunehmen, und einen Schacht (230) aufweist,  wherein each receiving element (200) has an end face (210) with a groove (215) which is suitable for receiving the connecting element (150) and has a shaft (230),
- ein Paar von Presseinsätzen (300),  - a pair of press inserts (300),
wobei jeder Presseinsatz (300) eine Stirnseite (310) mit einer Kehlung (315) aufweist, die sich über die gesamte Schmalseite der Stirnseite erstreckt, und wobei der Presseinsatz (300) eingerichtet ist, in dem Schacht (230) angeord net zu werden und, wenn der Presseinsatz (300) in dem Schacht (230) ange ordnet ist, die Kehlung (315) des Presseinsatzes (300) im Wesentlichen mit der Kehlung (215) des Aufnahmeelements (200) fluchtet,  wherein each press insert (300) has an end face (310) with a groove (315) which extends over the entire narrow side of the end face, and wherein the press insert (300) is arranged to be arranged in the shaft (230) and If the press insert (300) is arranged in the shaft (230), the groove (315) of the press insert (300) is essentially aligned with the groove (215) of the receiving element (200),
wobei die Aufnahmeelemente (200) und die Presseinsätze (300) in einem Schraub oder Spannstock (500) angeordnet sind,  wherein the receiving elements (200) and the press inserts (300) are arranged in a vice or vice (500),
so dass das System (10)  so the system (10)
das Strangelement (100) mit dem Anschlusselement (150), das an einem ers- ten Ende (1 10) des Strangelements (100) angeordnet ist, und das Paar von Presseinsätzen (300) um einen mittleren Bereich (155) des An schlusselements (150) anordnet.  the strand element (100) with the connection element (150), which is arranged at a first end (110) of the strand element (100), and the pair of press inserts (300) around a central region (155) of the connection element ( 150) arranges.
2. System (10) nach Anspruch 1 , 2. System (10) according to claim 1,
wobei ein Spannbügel (400) mit einer Stirnseite (410), die eine Kehlung (415) auf weist, die geeignet ist, das Anschlusselement (150) aufzunehmen, und einem An schlag (450), der an einer ersten Seite (420) des Spannbügels (400) angeordnet ist. wherein a clamping bracket (400) with an end face (410) having a groove (415) which is suitable for receiving the connection element (150), and a stop (450) on a first side (420) of the Clamping bracket (400) is arranged.
3. System (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, 3. System (10) according to claim 1 or 2,
wobei das Strangelement (100) zumindest teilweise aus Kunststoffen, insbesondere aus Thermoplasten, aus Weichmetallen, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Kupfer oder Aluminium- und/oder Kupferlegierungen, und/oder aus Stahl und/oder aus Kom binationen dieser Materialien besteht,  wherein the strand element (100) consists at least partially of plastics, in particular thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or of combinations of these materials,
das Anschlusselement (150) zumindest teilweise aus Kunststoffen, insbesondere aus Thermoplasten, aus Weichmetallen, insbesondere aus Aluminium oder Kupfer oder Aluminium- und/oder Kupferlegierungen, und/oder aus Stahl und/oder aus Kombina tionen dieser Materialien besteht, und  the connecting element (150) consists at least partially of plastics, in particular of thermoplastics, of soft metals, in particular of aluminum or copper or aluminum and / or copper alloys, and / or of steel and / or combinations of these materials, and
das Strangelement (100) und/oder das Anschlusselement (150) mit Kunststoffen, mit Lack, mit Metallen, insbesondere mit Nickel, Zinn, Zink, Silber, beschichtet ist.  the strand element (100) and / or the connecting element (150) is coated with plastics, with lacquer, with metals, in particular with nickel, tin, zinc, silver.
4. System (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 4. System (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
wobei das Paar der Kehlungen (215) der Presseinsätze (300) ein Vieleck, insbeson dere ein Sechseck, bildet.  wherein the pair of throats (215) of the press inserts (300) forms a polygon, in particular a hexagon.
5. System (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 5. System (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
wobei das System (10) weiterhin ein Schweißwerkzeug (600) zur stoffschlüssigen Verbindung von dem Strangelement (100) und dem Anschlusselement (150) auf weist.  wherein the system (10) further comprises a welding tool (600) for the integral connection of the strand element (100) and the connection element (150).
6. System (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 6. System (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
wobei das Paar von Aufnahmeelementen (200) durch die Backen (520) oder den Ba ckenaufsatz eines Schraub- oder Spannstocks (500) antreibar ist.  wherein the pair of receiving elements (200) can be driven by the jaws (520) or the jaw attachment of a vice or vise (500).
7. System (10) nach Anspruch 6, 7. System (10) according to claim 6,
wobei mindestens eine Backenseite des Schraub- oder Spannstocks (500) in eine Werkzeugeinheit (550) integriert ist, welche entlang einer Gleitstange (570) relativ zu einer zweiten Werkzeugeinheit (550) bewegbar ist. wherein at least one jaw side of the vice or vise (500) is integrated in a tool unit (550) which can be moved along a slide rod (570) relative to a second tool unit (550).
8. System (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 8. System (10) according to one of the preceding claims,
wobei eine Haltevorrichtung (590) als Teil des Aufnahmeelements (200) zur Aufnah me des Strangelements (100) dient und eine korrespondierend auf der Werkzeugein heit (550) angeordnete Matrize (580) zur Positionierung und Ausrichtung des An- Schlusselements (150) relativ zum Strangelement (100) dient.  wherein a holding device (590) serves as part of the receiving element (200) for receiving the strand element (100) and a correspondingly arranged on the tool unit (550) die (580) for positioning and alignment of the connecting element (150) relative to Strand element (100) is used.
9. System (10) nach Anspruch 8, 9. System (10) according to claim 8,
wobei die Haltevorrichtung (590) und die korrespondierend angeordnete Matrize (580) horizontal und/oder vertikal relativ zueinander mittels mindestens eines Aus gleichselements (510) verschiebbar gelagert sind.  wherein the holding device (590) and the correspondingly arranged die (580) are horizontally and / or vertically displaceable relative to one another by means of at least one compensation element (510).
10. System (10) nach einem der Ansprüche 8 oder 9, 10. System (10) according to one of claims 8 or 9,
wobei die Matrize (580) einen Spannhaken (585) korrespondierend zu einer Lasche (158) des Anschlusselements (150) aufweist und damit die Positionierung und Aus richtung des Anschlusselements (150) mittels der Bewegung des Spannhakens (585) erlaubt.  wherein the die (580) has a tensioning hook (585) corresponding to a tab (158) of the connection element (150) and thus allows the positioning and direction of the connection element (150) by means of the movement of the tensioning hook (585).
1 1. System (10) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, 1 1. System (10) according to any one of the preceding claims,
wobei das System (10) weiterhin ein Kühlsystem und/oder ein Vorwärmsystem (560) aufweist, mit welcher zumindest Teile des Systems (10), das Strangelement (100) und/oder das Anschlusselement (150) während des Umformprozesses und/oder wäh rend des nachfolgenden Schweißprozesses gekühlt bzw. gewärmt werden können.  wherein the system (10) further comprises a cooling system and / or a preheating system (560) with which at least parts of the system (10), the strand element (100) and / or the connection element (150) during the forming process and / or during of the subsequent welding process can be cooled or warmed.
12. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer mechanischen Verbindung zwischen einem Strang element (100) und einem Anschlusselement (150) nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, mit den Schritten: 12. A method for producing a mechanical connection between a strand element (100) and a connecting element (150) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps:
- Anordnen des Strangelements (100) mit dem Anschlusselement (150) an einem Anschlag (450) eines Spannbügels (400);  - Arranging the strand element (100) with the connection element (150) on a stop (450) of a clamping bracket (400);
- Anordnen eines Paares von Presseinsätzen (300) um einen mittleren Bereich (155) des Anschlusselements (150); - stoffschlüssiges Verbinden von dem Strangelement (100) und dem Anschlussele ment (150) mittels eines Schweißwerkzeuges (600). - arranging a pair of press inserts (300) around a central region (155) of the connection element (150); - Cohesive connection of the strand element (100) and the connecting element (150) by means of a welding tool (600).
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 122, 13. The method according to claim 122,
wobei das Strangelement (100) so in dem Anschlusselement (150) angeordnet wird, dass ein vordefinierter Abstand zwischen einem ersten Ende (1 10) des Strangele ments (100) und der Innenseite (156) der Stirnseite (157) des Anschlusselements (150) verbleibt.  wherein the strand element (100) is arranged in the connection element (150) such that a predefined distance between a first end (110) of the strand element (100) and the inside (156) of the end face (157) of the connection element (150) remains.
14. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 122 oder 133, 14. The method according to any one of claims 122 or 133,
wobei das Strangelement (100) und das Anschlusselement (150) vertikal und/oder horizontal gegeneinander verschoben werden, bis eine optimale Positionierung und wherein the strand element (100) and the connecting element (150) are displaced vertically and / or horizontally against one another until an optimal positioning and
Ausrichtung des Anschlusselements (150) relativ zum Strangelement (100) vorliegt. Alignment of the connection element (150) relative to the strand element (100) is present.
15. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 122 bis 14, mit dem weiteren Schritt: 15. The method according to any one of claims 122 to 14, with the further step:
- Kühlen bzw. Erwärmen von zumindest einem Teil des Systems (10), des Strang elements (100) und/oder des Anschlusselements (150) während des Umformprozes- ses und/oder während des nachfolgenden Schweißprozesses.  - Cooling or heating of at least a part of the system (10), the strand element (100) and / or the connection element (150) during the forming process and / or during the subsequent welding process.
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EP3818600B1 (en) 2023-02-15
CN112449734B (en) 2022-09-13
US20210273395A1 (en) 2021-09-02
WO2020007383A1 (en) 2020-01-09

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