EP3806127B1 - Steuersystem und verfahren für einen elektromechanischen schütz einer leistungsschaltung - Google Patents

Steuersystem und verfahren für einen elektromechanischen schütz einer leistungsschaltung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3806127B1
EP3806127B1 EP19382882.9A EP19382882A EP3806127B1 EP 3806127 B1 EP3806127 B1 EP 3806127B1 EP 19382882 A EP19382882 A EP 19382882A EP 3806127 B1 EP3806127 B1 EP 3806127B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
voltage
output voltage
power circuit
power supply
fbk
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EP19382882.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3806127A1 (de
Inventor
Enric SALA MASIP
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Fico Triad SA
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Fico Triad SA
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Priority to EP19382882.9A priority Critical patent/EP3806127B1/de
Priority to CN202011071984.4A priority patent/CN112631362A/zh
Publication of EP3806127A1 publication Critical patent/EP3806127A1/de
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/02—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay
    • H01H47/04—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for modifying the operation of the relay for holding armature in attracted position, e.g. when initial energising circuit is interrupted; for maintaining armature in attracted position, e.g. with reduced energising current
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/625—Regulating voltage or current wherein it is irrelevant whether the variable actually regulated is ac or dc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H47/22—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current for supplying energising current for relay coil
    • H01H47/32—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device
    • H01H47/325—Energising current supplied by semiconductor device by switching regulator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H47/00—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current
    • H01H2047/009—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the relay and designed to obtain desired operating characteristics or to provide energising current with self learning features, e.g. measuring the attracting current for a relay and memorising it

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a control system and a method for an electromechanical contactor of a power circuit which results in a reduction in power consumption in the coils of said electromechanical contactor.
  • Electromechanical contactors are used in many applications, for instance, in electric vehicles.
  • electromechanical contactors are typically used. Such electromechanical contactors comprise two parts, a contact and a coil.
  • the contact can be moved to one direction that produces the connection (ON) of the power circuit or it can be moved in an opposite direction to produce the disconnection (OFF) of the power circuit.
  • the coil is a kind of electromagnet that produces a mechanical force to move the contact.
  • the mechanical coupling between the coil and the contact is provided by an internal shaft and a spring.
  • the coil In the disconnected (OFF) state, the coil is not energized, and the shaft is moved or maintained in the disconnection position due to the spring force. In the connected (ON) state, the coil is energized, and the applied force overcomes the force of the spring that moves the contact to the connected position.
  • the contactor when the contactor is in the ON state, i.e., connected to the power circuit, the coil requires power to be applied.
  • Energy saving is especially relevant when contactors must remain in an ON state for a long period of time as, for example, in electric vehicle applications.
  • the magnetic circuit In the OFF state, the magnetic circuit is open.
  • a strong force named as "pick-up” force, must be applied to start the shaft movement. After displacement, the magnetic circuit remains closed and it is no longer necessary to apply such a strong force to keep the contact in the closed position, named as "holding" force.
  • a power supply is used to provide the energy to the contactor coils.
  • a low voltage (i.e. 12 Vdc) power supply is used in many applications.
  • the low voltage power supply is often implemented by a kind of DC power converter (i.e. buck, boost, sepic, or other topologies) providing a fixed, stabilized constant voltage in order to drive the contactor coils to prevent possible voltage fluctuations from closing the contactor when it should not.
  • a kind of DC power converter i.e. buck, boost, sepic, or other topologies
  • the contactor is built with two internal coils, one optimized for the "pick-up” conditions, and, another optimized for the "holding” conditions.
  • An electronic circuit switches the coils when necessary to economize. This solution is expensive due to the dual coil and the switching circuit.
  • resistor voltage dividers As can be seen in figure 1 .
  • some resistors (10) are electrically connected in series with the coil (2).
  • the resistors (10) are by-passed with a switching circuit (11).
  • Resistors (10) are power resistors in order to stand to be in series with the coil (2) and to resist the intensity that would circulate through them.
  • part of the power dissipation is transferred to the resistors (10), decreasing the efficiency of the economization.
  • this type of resistors (10) dissipate heat to the surrounding electronics, which is not convenient, and they also need space to be located.
  • Pulse Width Modulation PWM
  • the coil (2) is driven at 100% of the voltage, thus applying high power.
  • the coil (2) is driven to a reduced duty cycle (i.e. 50%) to reduce to average energy applied to the coil (2). This is implemented by the PWM, driving ON and OFF at high speed.
  • EMC electromagnetic interference
  • EP1009006 A1 disclosing a command mechanism for opening or closing of a circuit breaker having a microprocessor controlling a switch in series with a coil.
  • the microprocessor compares the command level against thresholds.
  • a first voltage is compared with a first and second level, distinct from a lower level controlling the coil during the command phase for a predetermined time.
  • the present invention is a control system and a method for an electromechanical contactor of a power circuit that reduces power consumption, thus economizing energy.
  • the invention is based on a voltage regulated power supply.
  • known electromechanical contactors of a power circuit comprise:
  • the control system also comprises a regulated power supply.
  • the regulated power supply is connectable to the coil and is configured to provide a constant regulated output voltage V OUT to the coil.
  • the regulated power supply is configured to modify the provided output voltage V OUT when the feedback voltage V FBK received by the power supply differs from a reference voltage V REF .
  • the control system further comprises a controller adapted to be connected to the regulated power supply.
  • the controller is configured to vary the relationship k between the output voltage V OUT and the feedback voltage V FBK from at least a first relationship k 1 to a second relationship k 2 , being k 2 > k 1 . Accordingly, the regulated power supply varies the provided output voltage V OUT between at least a first output voltage V OUT1 and a second lower output voltage V OUT2 for reducing power consumption of the coil.
  • the feedback voltage V FBK received by the regulated power supply also varies from a first feedback voltage V FBK1 to a second feedback voltage V FBK2 . Said variation occurs while the output voltage V OUT remains the same, as it is not varied, being the first initial output voltage V OUT1 for both feedbacks voltages.
  • the second feedback voltage V FBK2 is greater than V FBK1 . Said second feedback voltage V FBK2 differs from the reference voltage V REF and an error exists.
  • the regulated power supply receives for the first initial output voltage V OUT1 a second feedback voltage V FBK2 different from the reference voltage V REF Therefore, the regulated power supply initiates a regulation iterative process modifying the output voltage V OUT until the received feedback voltage V FBK is equal to the reference voltage V REF and thus the error is zero.
  • V REF V FBK
  • V OUT has been modified to a second out voltage V OUT2 , according to the relationship k 1 /k 2 .
  • the control system of the invention makes use of the existing power supply, specifically a regulated power supply adapted to provide a constant output voltage V OUT .
  • the control system is therefore able to make the power supply to switch between, for instance, two different voltage settings, a first and a second output voltages V OUT by providing the power supply with a different relationship k between the output voltage V OUT and the feedback voltage V FBK .
  • the regulation cycle is performed by the regulated power supply itself and therefore it has the advantage that the invention can be applied on an existing regulated power supply.
  • the controller is configured to provide:
  • the power supply comprises a voltage regulator configured to make the power supply to provide the constant output voltage V OUT to the coil.
  • the voltage regulator comprises:
  • the control method comprising the step of providing a regulated power supply connectable to the coil.
  • the method additionally comprises the step of providing a controller, the controller varying the relationship k between the output voltage V OUT and the feedback voltage V FBK from at least a first relationship k 1 to a second relationship k 2 , being k 2 > k 1 , such that the regulated power supply varies the provided output voltage V OUT from at least a first output voltage V OUT1 to a second lower output voltage V OUT2 for reducing power consumption of the coil.
  • the feedback voltage V FBK received by the regulated power supply also varies from a first feedback voltage V FBK1 to a second feedback voltage V FBK2 .
  • said variation occurs while the output voltage V OUT remains the same, as it is not varied, being the first initial output voltage V OUT1 for both feedbacks voltages.
  • the second feedback voltage V FBK2 will be greater than V FBK1 .
  • Said second feedback voltage V FBK2 differs from the reference voltage V REF and an error exists and, therefore, the regulated power supply initiates an iterative process to provide a constant output voltage V OUT .
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram of a control system of an electromechanical contactor according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the control system comprises:
  • the controller (4) is configured to act over the relationship k, in turn, this modifying the feedback voltage V FBK value.
  • the controller (4) is configured to switch between the first relationship k 1 and the second relationship k 2 after a fixed period of time.
  • the controller (4) will provide a first relationship k 1 during the pick-up stage and a second relationship k 2 during the holding stage.
  • the output voltage V OUT can be modified by applying different values to the relationship k.
  • the regulated power supply (3) will provide a different voltage if the feedback voltage V FBK received differs from the reference voltage V REF .
  • the system is stable with the following conditions:
  • the electromechanical contactor has an actuation time to close the contact (1), for instance 50 ms, the controller (4) waits for a longer time, for instance 300 ms, to provide a different relationship k.
  • the controller (4) provides a relationship k 2 > k 1 .
  • the controller (4) drives the switch (5), but the energy applied to the contactor-coil (1, 2) would be reduced.
  • the output voltage V OUT will be half the voltage of V REF , i.e., 6 Vdc.
  • the feedback voltage V FBK is considered to be between 0 V and 1 V.
  • FIG 4 an embodiment of the implementation of an electric circuit of the electromechanical contactor of the invention is depicted in which how the relationship k is implemented is shown.
  • control system comprises a voltage divider connected to the output of the regulated power supply (3) comprising a set of resistors (R3, R4, R5) located in series.
  • the set of resistors (R3, R4, R5) located in parallel with the coil (2).
  • the controller (4) is configured to switch on and off one of the resistors, resistor R3, so that the relationship between the feedback voltage V FBK and the output voltage V OUT , i.e., k, can be varied by the controller (4).
  • the voltage of (R4 + R3) / (R5 + R4 +R3) x V OUT is the feedback voltage V FBK provided to the regulated power supply (3), wherein R3 could be 0 or R3.
  • figure 4 discloses an implementation of the claimed system.
  • the output voltage V OUT is measured by a combination of resistors R3, R4, R5 acting as voltage dividers and the measurement is sent to the voltage regulator (6) of the power supply (3) through the feedback connection.
  • two stable output voltages may be provided, one depending on R4/(R4+R5) and another depending on (R3+R4)/(R3+R4+R5).
  • Said resistors are therefore outside the main circuit of the coil (2) activation, and are small polarization resistors, negligible in cost and they do not produce additional heat and need little space.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Relay Circuits (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung, wobei der elektromechanische Schütz Folgendes umfasst:
    • einen Kontakt (1), der zwischen zwei Positionen beweglich ist:
    - eine offene Stellung, in der der Kontakt (1) die Unterbrechung der Leistungsschaltung bewirkt, und
    - eine geschlossene Position, in der Kontakt (1) die Verbindung der Leistungsschaltung herstellt,
    • eine Spule (2), die in mechanischer Verbindung mit dem Kontakt (1) steht und so konfiguriert ist, dass sie den Kontakt (1) zwischen der offenen und der geschlossenen Position antreibt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuersystem Folgendes umfasst:
    eine geregelte Stromversorgung (3), die mit der Spule (2) verbunden werden kann, wobei die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie eine konstante geregelte Ausgangsspannung VOUT an die Spule (2) liefert und eine Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK empfängt, die eine Beziehung k zur Ausgangsspannung VOUT hat, VFBK = VOUT * k,
    das Steuersystem ferner eine Steuerung (4) umfasst, wobei die Steuerung (4) konfiguriert ist, um die Beziehung k zwischen der Ausgangsspannung VOUT und der Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK von mindestens einer ersten Beziehung k1 zu einer zweiten Beziehung k2 zu variieren, wobei k2>k1 ist, so dass die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) die bereitgestellte Ausgangsspannung VOUT von mindestens einer ersten Ausgangsspannung VOUT1 zu einer zweiten niedrigeren Ausgangsspannung VOUT2 variiert, um den Stromverbrauch der Spule (2) zu reduzieren.
  2. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 1,
    wobei die geschlossene Position des Kontakts (1) zwei Stufen umfasst, eine erste Aufnahmestufe, in der sich der Kontakt (1) zu bewegen beginnt, um die Leistungsschaltung zu schließen, und eine zweite Haltestufe, in der der Kontakt (1) geschlossen ist, wobei die Leistungsschaltung verbunden ist, wobei die Steuerung (4) konfiguriert ist, um Folgendes bereitzustellen:
    - die erste Beziehung k1 in der Aufnahmestufe des Kontakts (1), so dass die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie die erste Ausgangsspannung VOUT, bereitstellt, und
    - die zweite Beziehung k2 in der Aufnahmestufe des Kontakts (1), so dass die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie die zweite Ausgangsspannung VOUT2 bereitstellt.
  3. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) einen Spannungsregler (6) umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) die konstante Ausgangsspannung VOUT für die Spule (2) bereitstellt.
  4. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 3, wobei der Spannungsregler (6) ferner Folgendes umfasst:
    - Mittel zum Empfangen der Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK,
    - Mittel zum Vergleichen der empfangenen Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK mit der Referenzspannung VREF,
    - Mittel, um die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) zu veranlassen, die bereitgestellte Ausgangsspannung VOUT zu variieren, wenn die empfangene Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK von der Referenzspannung VREF abweicht, so dass eine konstante Ausgangsspannung VOUT für die Spule (2) bereitgestellt wird.
  5. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei das Steuersystem einen Spannungsteiler umfasst, der mit dem Ausgang der geregelten Leistungsversorgung (3) verbunden ist und eine Rückkopplung für diese (3) bereitstellt.
  6. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 5, wobei der Spannungsteiler einen Satz von Widerständen (R3, R4, R5) umfasst, die in Reihe angeordnet sind, wobei der Satz von Widerständen (R3, R4, R5) parallel zur Spule (2) angeordnet ist, wobei die Steuerung (4) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie mindestens einen der Widerstände R3 ein- und ausschaltet, um die Beziehung k zwischen der Ausgangsspannung VOUT und der Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK zu variieren.
  7. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 6, wobei das Steuerungssystem ferner einen Transistor Q2 umfasst, der so konfiguriert ist, dass er mit einem der Widerstände (R3) und mit der Steuerung (4) verbunden ist, wobei die Steuerung (4) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie den Widerstand (R3) durch den Transistor Q2 übersteuert.
  8. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 6
    oder 7, wobei die Spannung des Widerstands R3 und R4 die Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK IST, die für die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) bereitgestellt wird.
  9. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach einem der
    den vorhergehenden Anspruch, wobei die Steuerung (4) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie nach einer festen Zeitspanne ab der Verbindung der Leistungsschaltung zwischen der ersten k1 und der zweiten k2 Beziehung umschaltet.
  10. Steuersystem für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei der Spannungsregler ein Gleichstromleistungswandler ist.
  11. Steuerverfahren für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung, wobei der elektromechanische Schütz Folgendes umfasst:
    • einen Kontakt (1), der zwischen zwei Positionen beweglich ist:
    - eine offene Position, in der der Kontakt (1) die Trennung der Leistungsschaltung bewirkt, und
    - eine geschlossene Position, in der der Kontakt (1) die Verbindung der Leistungsschaltung herstellt,
    • eine Spule (2), die in mechanischer Verbindung mit dem Kontakt (1) steht und so konfiguriert ist, dass sie den Kontakt (1) zwischen der offenen und der geschlossenen Position antreibt,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Steuerverfahren Folgendes umfasst:
    den Schritt des Bereitstellens einer geregelten Stromversorgung (3), die mit der Spule (2) verbunden werden kann, wobei die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) so konfiguriert ist, dass sie eine konstante geregelte Ausgangsspannung VOUT für die Spule (2) bereitstellt und eine Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK empfängt, die in einem Verhältnis k zu der Ausgangsspannung VOUT steht, VFBK = VOUT * k,
    wobei das Verfahren den Schritt des Bereitstellens einer Steuerung (4) umfasst, wobei die Steuerung (4) die Beziehung k zwischen der Ausgangsspannung VOUT und der Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK von mindestens einer ersten Beziehung k1 zu einer zweiten Beziehung k2 variiert, wobei k2>k1 ist, so dass die geregelte Stromversorgung (3) die bereitgestellte Ausgangsspannung VOUT von mindestens einer ersten Ausgangsspannung VOUT1 zu einer zweiten niedrigeren Ausgangsspannung VOUT2 die Verringerung des Stromverbrauchs der Spule (2) variiert.
  12. Steuerverfahren für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 11, wobei es den Schritt des Hinzufügens eines Spannungsteilers, der mit dem Ausgang der geregelten Leistungsversorgung (3) verbunden ist, und des Bereitstellens einer Rückkopplung zu dieser (3) umfasst.
  13. Steuerverfahren für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 12, wobei der Spannungsteiler einen Satz von Widerständen (R3, R4, R5) umfasst, die in Reihe angeordnet sind, wobei der Satz von Widerständen (R3, R4, R5) parallel zur Spule (2) angeordnet ist, wobei die Steuerung (4) mindestens einen der Widerstände R3 ein- und ausschaltet, um die Beziehung k zwischen der Ausgangsspannung VOUT und der Rückkopplungsspannung VFBK zu variieren.
  14. - Steuerverfahren für einen elektromechanischen Schütz einer Leistungsschaltung nach Anspruch 13, wobei das Steuerverfahren ferner den Schritt des Hinzufügens eines Transistors Q2 umfasst, der mit einem der 15 Widerstände (R3) und mit der Steuerung (4) verbunden ist, wobei das Steuerverfahren den Schritt umfasst, dass die Steuerung (4) den Widerstand (R3) über den Transistor Q2 übersteuert.
EP19382882.9A 2019-10-08 2019-10-08 Steuersystem und verfahren für einen elektromechanischen schütz einer leistungsschaltung Active EP3806127B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19382882.9A EP3806127B1 (de) 2019-10-08 2019-10-08 Steuersystem und verfahren für einen elektromechanischen schütz einer leistungsschaltung
CN202011071984.4A CN112631362A (zh) 2019-10-08 2020-10-09 用于功率电路的机电接触器的控制系统和控制方法

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19382882.9A EP3806127B1 (de) 2019-10-08 2019-10-08 Steuersystem und verfahren für einen elektromechanischen schütz einer leistungsschaltung

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EP3806127B1 true EP3806127B1 (de) 2023-06-14

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3047488A1 (de) * 1980-12-17 1982-07-22 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Elektronische schaltungsanordnung fuer ein elektromagnetisches schaltgeraet
FR2786920B1 (fr) * 1998-12-07 2001-01-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sa Dispositif de commande standard d'un electro-aimant d'ouverture ou de fermeture d'un disjoncteur
CN2893904Y (zh) * 2005-12-01 2007-04-25 华为技术有限公司 一种节能继电器驱动电路装置
WO2015177919A1 (ja) * 2014-05-23 2015-11-26 三菱電機株式会社 電磁石駆動装置
CN106952781B (zh) * 2017-04-18 2019-03-12 福州大学 一种采用双反馈系数控制策略的智能接触器控制模块
CN107768196B (zh) * 2017-11-30 2019-08-20 惠州市蓝微新源技术有限公司 一种可降低继电器功耗的控制系统
CN209232673U (zh) * 2019-02-28 2019-08-09 杭州萤石软件有限公司 一种继电器控制电路

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