EP3768482A2 - Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensions - Google Patents
Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensionsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3768482A2 EP3768482A2 EP19717190.3A EP19717190A EP3768482A2 EP 3768482 A2 EP3768482 A2 EP 3768482A2 EP 19717190 A EP19717190 A EP 19717190A EP 3768482 A2 EP3768482 A2 EP 3768482A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- fibrous material
- ribbons
- ribbon
- width
- thickness
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 25
- 239000011165 3D composite Substances 0.000 title claims description 4
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 88
- 239000004970 Chain extender Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 187
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 187
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 149
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 claims description 89
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 76
- 238000011955 best available control technology Methods 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229920006012 semi-aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001652 poly(etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 25
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 cyclic anhydride Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004734 Polyphenylene sulfide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920000069 polyphenylene sulfide Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004954 Polyphthalamide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920006375 polyphtalamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004953 Aliphatic polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000299 Nylon 12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920006152 PA1010 Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003231 aliphatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002493 poly(chlorotrifluoroethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005023 polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea group Chemical group NC(=O)N XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000571 Nylon 11 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920003189 Nylon 4,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000305 Nylon 6,10 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000572 Nylon 6/12 Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006260 polyaryletherketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006123 polyhexamethylene isophthalamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920012287 polyphenylene sulfone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920013730 reactive polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000106 Liquid crystal polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004977 Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002614 Polyether block amide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006396 polyamide 1012 Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000198134 Agave sisalana Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012766 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012765 Cannabis sativa ssp. sativa var. spontanea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 101000576320 Homo sapiens Max-binding protein MNT Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000006240 Linum usitatissimum Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000004431 Linum usitatissimum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000393 Nylon 6/6T Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006121 Polyxylylene adipamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006125 amorphous polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009120 camo Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000005607 chanvre indien Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011487 hemp Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- VPRUMANMDWQMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylethane boronic acid Chemical compound OB(O)CCC1=CC=CC=C1 VPRUMANMDWQMNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920006139 poly(hexamethylene adipamide-co-hexamethylene terephthalamide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims 3
- KCOPAESEGCGTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxazol-4-one Chemical compound O=C1COC=N1 KCOPAESEGCGTKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- FBXGQDUVJBKEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4h-oxazin-3-one Chemical compound O=C1CC=CON1 FBXGQDUVJBKEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 31
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 31
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 26
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 11
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 RLSSMJSEOOYNOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004093 laser heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002396 Polyurea Polymers 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920006397 acrylic thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001660 poly(etherketone-etherketoneketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001174 sulfone group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012963 UV stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XZAHJRZBUWYCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1(CN)CCCCC1 XZAHJRZBUWYCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006231 aramid fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012965 benzophenone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- AIXMJTYHQHQJLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N chembl210858 Chemical compound O1C(CC(=O)OC)CC(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)=N1 AIXMJTYHQHQJLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004427 diamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012757 flame retardant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004811 fluoropolymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006017 homo-polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010191 image analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004611 light stabiliser Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002557 mineral fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002667 nucleating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003918 potentiometric titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006135 semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006126 semicrystalline polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001542 size-exclusion chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003017 thermal stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006345 thermoplastic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
- B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
- B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
- B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
- B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
- B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/50—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC]
- B29C70/504—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of indefinite length, e.g. prepregs, sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or cross moulding compounds [XMC] using rollers or pressure bands
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/263—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer having non-uniform thickness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/14—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts, e.g. denser near its faces
- B32B5/145—Variation across the thickness of the layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
- B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
- C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
- C08J5/243—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using carbon fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/003—PET, i.e. poylethylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/006—PBT, i.e. polybutylene terephthalate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2077/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2101/00—Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
- B29K2101/12—Thermoplastic materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0872—Prepregs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
- B29K2105/122—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles microfibres or nanofibers
- B29K2105/124—Nanofibers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
- B29K2307/04—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2507/00—Use of elements other than metals as filler
- B29K2507/04—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/07—Parts immersed or impregnated in a matrix
- B32B2305/076—Prepregs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2377/00—Characterised by the use of polyamides obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic amide link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
- Y10T428/24942—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including components having same physical characteristic in differing degree
- Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
- Y10T428/24967—Absolute thicknesses specified
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sheet of impregnated fibrous material comprising N unit ribbons of fibrous material (x) in the form of continuous, superimposed and / or contiguous fibers, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, and at least one thermoplastic polymer .
- the invention also relates to a method of manufacturing the fibrous material impregnated in the form of a sheet with a reduced manufacturing cost and a high manufacturing speed.
- the invention also relates to the use of the fibrous material impregnated in the form of a sheet for the manufacture of composite parts in three dimensions.
- thermoplastic resin The manufacture of fibrous materials impregnated with a thermoplastic polymer or a mixture of thermoplastic polymers also denoted by thermoplastic resin, can be carried out by passing the fibers, continuously, in a melt of thermoplastic polymer containing an organic solvent such as benzophenone, or in an aqueous dispersion as described in application EP0324680, by passing the fibers continuously in a fluidized bed, or by spraying the fibers continuously, in particular electrostatically, or in the melted process, in particular by pultrusion as described in the application US 2014/0005331 A1.
- This allows a shaping of these impregnated fibrous materials in the form of strip or calibrated strips (tapes) used to make composite materials.
- the impregnated fibrous materials are used in the manufacture of structural parts in order to lighten them while maintaining mechanical strength comparable to that obtained for structural steel parts and / or by evacuating electrostatic charges and / or ensuring thermal and / or chemical protection.
- Such impregnated fibrous materials are particularly intended for the production of lightweight composite materials for the manufacture of mechanical parts having a three-dimensional structure and having properties of good mechanical strength, thermal and capable of discharging electrostatic charges, that is to say to say properties compatible with the manufacture of parts in particular in the fields of mechanics, aeronautics and nautical, automobile, energy, construction (buildings), health and medical, sports and recreation, furniture and street furniture and electronics.
- the composite materials are used for the production of three-dimensional (3D) parts, the production of these composite materials can be done by a known method of depositing robotic assisted tape (AFP method of the acronym "Automatic Fiber Placement" for example).
- fibrous material means an assembly of reinforcing unit fibers. After impregnation with the resin, it is in the form of a unitary ribbon.
- unitary ribbon means a strip which is a semi-product of small thickness, not calibrated in width and thickness, and composed of a single strand of fibers, or a thin slab composed of one or more strands of fibers, calibrated in thickness and width.
- the ribbon has a thickness less than or equal to 150 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m.
- the said ribbons are then superimposed and / or contiguous in the form of plies which is calibrated in thickness but not necessarily in width.
- calibrated sheet When it is calibrated in thickness and in width, it is then called calibrated sheet.
- Fibers that can be used in the composition of the fibrous materials may have different linear or titling or "tex" grammages and / or be different in number in the locks.
- the most conventionally used locks are composed of 600 to 4800 tex for glass fibers and 3000 (3K), 6000 (6K), 12000 (12K), 24000 (24K), 48000 (48K), 50,000 ( 50K) or 400,000 (400K) fibers for carbon fibers.
- the carbon fibers generally have a diameter close to 7-8 pm and the glass fibers have a diameter of about 13, 15, 17 or 20 pm, for example.
- the present invention thus relates to a sheet of fibrous material (x) impregnated (s) comprising N unit ribbons of fibrous material (x) superimposed and / or contiguous, said N unit ribbons adhering to each other and being capable of overlapping at least partially, said unit ribbons of fibrous material (x) comprising continuous fibers impregnated with at least one thermoplastic polymer, and optionally a chain extender, characterized in that said ply has a cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the fibers, S, substantially equal to the sum of the surface, in transverse section perpendicular to the fiber axis, of each initial unitary ribbon, called S th , S th being equal to N x I x Ep, where I represents the average width of a ribbon, Ep the average thickness of a ribbon, N being from 2 to 2000, the average thickness of each unit ribbon being less than or equal to 150 ⁇ m, preferably less than or equal to 10Opm, in particular from 10 to 1OOpm.
- the polyarylsulfides in particular the polyphenylene sulfides (PPS) are excluded from the definition of the thermoplastic polymer.
- PPS polyphenylene sulfides
- the adhesion is carried out without external binder or external compound of glue type but only by melting the polymer present in each ribbon.
- the ribbons can not therefore be just placed on top of each other or next to each other without adhesion with each other.
- said N unit ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially means that said unit ribbons, etc. may not be perfectly joined edge to edge and a ribbon may thus overlap the neighboring ribbon. This can also mean that for example two ribbons are joined to each other and a third ribbon is not superimposed 100% on one of said two ribbons and overlaps the two said ribbons.
- the expression "said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially” can also mean that a unitary ribbon of a layer overlaps a unitary ribbon of ribbon. a lower layer;
- up to 50% of the surface of a ribbon may overlap at least one other ribbon.
- up to 40% preferably up to 30%, more preferably up to 20%, even more preferentially up to 10%, in particular up to 5% of the surface of a ribbon may overlap with least another ribbon.
- substantially equal to the sum of the area, in transverse section perpendicular to the fiber axis, of each initial unitary strip means that the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the fiber axis, S, of said sheet is equal to the theoretical surface S th +/- 25%, in particular S th +/- 10%, in particular S th +/- 5% and in particular S th +/- 2%, preferably S th - 5%, even more preferred S th -10% and S th -25%.
- This difference comes from the presence of porosity at the interface of the ribbons after assembly to form said web or, conversely, from the reduction of the residual porosity of each ribbon during the assembly operation.
- S th therefore corresponds to the theoretical cross-sectional area perpendicular to the axis of the fibers of the web.
- the width of the web corresponds to an average width and the thickness of the web corresponds to an average thickness, that is to say, a width and an average thickness over the entire length of the web. This means that the width and thickness may vary along the web.
- the sheet of impregnated fibrous material is non-flexible.
- the web is not able to conform to a complex shape at room temperature and that it can do so only beyond the tg of the resin and preferably beyond the tf, when resin is semi-crystalline Tf of the resin.
- the tablecloth has no drapability.
- said unitary ribbon is thin and consists of a strip, the average thickness being less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
- the means of verifying that the average thickness is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m is to make measurements on statistically representative samples of the strip by non-destructive measuring means.
- the width of the strip corresponds to an average width and the thickness of the strip corresponds to an average thickness, that is to say, a width and an average thickness over the entire length of the strip.
- the means for verifying that the average thickness is less than 100 ⁇ m over the entire length of the strip is to make measurements on statistically representative samples of the strip by non-destructive measuring means.
- non-calibrated width strip means that the width of the strip is not constant, the width may be equal to I +/- 20%, in particular I +/- 15%, in particular I +/- 10 where I is the average width.
- strip of ungauged thickness means that the thickness of the strip is not constant over its entire length, the thickness possibly being equal to e +/- 20%, in particular e +/- 15%, in particular e +/- 10% where e represents the average thickness.
- non-calibrated width and non-calibrated thickness respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 20% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 20% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 20% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 15% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 20% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 10% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 15% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 20% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 10% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 20% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 15% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 15% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 10% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 15% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 15% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 10% of the thickness. average.
- non-calibrated width and “non-calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 10% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 10% of the thickness. average.
- said unitary tape consists of a "thin tape", with an average thickness less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular between 10 and 100 ⁇ m.
- the means of verifying that the average thickness is less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m is to make measurements on statistically representative samples of the thin tape by non-destructive measuring means.
- the thickness of the thin tape corresponds to an average thickness, i.e., an average thickness over the entire length of the thin tape. This means that the thickness can vary along the thin tape but that on average the thickness is less than or equal to 100pm.
- the means of verifying that the average thickness is less than 100 ⁇ m over the entire length of the thin tape is to make measurements on statistically representative samples of the thin tape by nondestructive measuring means.
- the width of the thin tape is calibrated and therefore constant over the entire length of the thin tape.
- the thickness corresponds to the average thickness, that is to say, an average thickness over the entire length of the sheet. This means that the thickness may vary along the web.
- the width corresponds to the average width over the entire length of the ply.
- the width of the ply is constant over the entire length of the ply.
- calibrated width means that the width of the thin slab or of the calibrated sheet is constant over its entire length, the width possibly being equal to I +/- 5%, in particular I +/- 2% where I represents the average width.
- calibrated thickness means that the thickness of the thin slab or of the ply, calibrated or not, is constant over its entire length, and the thickness may be equal to e +/- 5%, in particular the thickness. thickness being equal to e +/- 2% where e represents the average thickness.
- the terms “calibrated width” and “calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 5% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 5% of the average thickness.
- the terms "calibrated width” and “calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 5% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 2%.
- the terms “calibrated width” and “calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 2% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 5% of the average thickness.
- the terms "calibrated width” and “calibrated thickness” respectively mean that the width is equal to I +/- 2% of the average width and the thickness is equal to e +/- 2% of the average thickness.
- substantially equal means that the area, S, in transverse section perpendicular to the axis of the fibers, of said sheet is equal to the sum of the cross-sectional area of each initial unit ribbon, S th +/- 25%, in particular S th +/- 10%, in particular S th +/- 5% and in particular S th +/- 2%, so preferred S th - 5%, even more preferred Sth -10% and Sth -25%.
- N is from 2 to 2000 means at least:
- either two unitary ribbons are joined together to form a ply having an average thickness of a unitary ribbon and an average width substantially equal to the average width of two unit ribbons,
- either two unitary ribbons are superimposed to form a ply having an average thickness substantially equal to the thickness of two unit ribbons and an average width substantially equal to the average width of a unitary ribbon,
- either the two unitary ribbons are partially superimposed to form a sheet having a variable average thickness substantially comprised between the average thickness of a unitary ribbon and the average thickness of two unitary ribbons and an average width substantially comprised between the average width. a unitary ribbon and the average width of two contiguous unit ribbons.
- either the unit ribbons are joined together to form a band having an average thickness of a unitary ribbon and an average width substantially equal to the average width of the unit ribbons,
- either the unit ribbons are superimposed to form a strip having an average thickness substantially equal to the average thickness of the unit ribbons and an average width substantially equal to the average width of a unitary ribbon,
- the average thickness of the ply can be constant over the entire width of the ply but it can also be variable over the width of said ply depending on the calender used at final to give the form and the total number of overlapping and contiguous ribbons is equal to N between 2 and 2000.
- the web may have an average width greater or less than or equal to the sum of the average widths of the N contiguous unit ribbons and an average thickness greater or less than or equal to the sum of the average thicknesses of the N superimposed unit ribbons because both the joining and the superposition can either reduce the porosity of each ribbon if it presents or create porosity between the contiguous or superimposed ribbons.
- the porosity rate of each impregnated unit ribbon is less than 10%, in particular less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
- the porosity rate of said sheet of impregnated fibrous material is less than 10%, especially less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
- the porosity rate of each impregnated unit ribbon is less than 10%, in particular less than 5%, in particular less than 2%, and the porosity rate of said sheet of impregnated fibrous material is less than 10%, in particular less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
- the porosity rate of said initial ribbon has a porosity of 5 to 10% and the porosity rate of said web is less than 5%.
- the porosity rate of said initial ribbon has a porosity of 2 to 5% and the porosity rate of said web is less than 2%.
- the appearance of said web is thus improved with respect to the initial appearance of the unit ribbons.
- Said sheet of fibrous material comprises N ribbons in its width and Nep ribbon in its thickness, N, each unit ribbon comprising a number of
- fibers especially carbon, chosen from a multiple of 3000 or 50000 fibers.
- each unitary ribbon comprises a number of carbon fibers chosen from m ⁇ 12K fibers, n ⁇ 24K fibers, px 48K, q ⁇ 50K fibers and w ⁇ 400K, m being from 1 to 40, in particular 1 to 4, n being comprised of 1 to 20, q being from 1 to 10, p being from 1 to 10, in particular 1 and w is equal to 1.
- the thickness of the sheet may be constant over the entire width of the sheet, that is to say that in the case of an assembly of ribbons all having the same thickness, the number of ribbons Nep in the thickness is the same in every point of the tablecloth.
- the thickness of the ply can be variable, in particular according to the width of said ply, that is to say that in the case of ribbons all having the same thickness, the number of ribbons Nep in the thickness is different depending on the position considered in the width of said sheet.
- the total number of ribbons N is from 2 to 2000.
- Said N strips of said sheet of impregnated fibrous material as defined above consist of identical or different fibrous materials, in particular identical.
- said N ribbons of said sheet of impregnated fibrous material as defined above consist of identical fibrous materials.
- the N ribbons have an average average thickness and an average unit width
- the average thickness of the ply e is equal to Nep x er
- Nep being the average number of ribbons in the thickness
- er being the same.
- the average thickness of a unit ribbon, and the average width of the web 1 being equal to Nl x Ir, Nl being the average number of ribbons in the width and Ir being the average width of a unit ribbon.
- the surface of the ply, S, in transverse section perpendicular to the axis of the fibers is equal to the theoretical surface of the ply, Sth, in transverse section perpendicular to the axis of the fibers: there is thus maintaining the porosity ratio between the average calculated on the N ribbons before assembly and on the final ply resulting from the assembly;
- the porosities may, for example, have evolved from a position passing, for example, "internal" porosities at each ribbon (ie at the heart of each ribbon) to "external" porosities resulting from the creation of porosity during assembly, the whole with isoporosity overall or other possible case, the porosity "internal" to each ribbon has not evolved during the assembly of the ribbons and the "external" porosity after assembly is negligible.
- the average thickness and the average width of the N unit ribbons is identical, the average thickness of the ply is less than Nep x er, Nep being the average number of ribbons in the thickness, being the average thickness of a unitary ribbon and the average width of the web 1 being less than Nl x Ir, where N is the average number of ribbons in the width and Ir is the average width of a unit ribbon.
- the ply may have a constant average thickness over its entire width or have a different thickness depending on the position considered in the width of the ply.
- the average thickness and the average width of the N unit ribbons is identical, the average thickness of the ply e is greater than Nep x er, Nep being the average number of ribbons in the thickness, where er is the average thickness of a unitary ribbon and the average width of the web is greater than Nl x Ir, with Nl being the average number of ribbons in the width and Ir being the average width of a unitary ribbon.
- porosity between the strips after assembly and the sheet may have a constant average thickness over its entire width or have a different thickness depending on the position considered in the width of the sheet.
- the N ribbons of the impregnated fibrous material web are superposed, the number of ribbons in the width N1 being equal to 1 and the number of ribbons in the Nep thickness being from 2 to 2000. In this embodiment, there is therefore only one ribbon width and from 2 to 2000 ribbons in thickness.
- the N ribbons of the impregnated fibrous material web are contiguous, the number of ribbons in the thickness Nep being equal to 1 and the number of ribbons in the NI width ranging from 2 to 2000.
- the N ribbons of the impregnated fibrous material web, defined above, are superposed and contiguous.
- the thickness and / or the average width of the N unit ribbons is different, the average thickness of the sheet being equal to Nep x the average thickness of each unit strip and the average width of the strip. ply being equal to Nl x the average width of each unitary ribbon.
- the thickness of said impregnated fibrous material web defined above, consisting of said N superposed and / or contiguous ribbons, is variable over its width.
- the thickness of said sheet of impregnated fibrous material defined above, consisting of said N superposed and / or contiguous tapes, is constant over its entire width.
- the volume ratio of the fibers of the various plies defined above is constant in at least 70% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said ply, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, especially in at least 80% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous to said web, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, in particular in at least 90% of the volume of each N strips of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said sheet, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, more particularly in at least 95% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said sheet, said N ribbons being able to overlap at least partially.
- the level of fibers is from 45 to 65% by volume, preferably from 50 to 60% by volume, in particular from 54 to 60% for each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said sheet, said N ribbons being at least partially overlap with said web of fibrous material.
- the volume fiber ratio of the various plies defined above is constant in at least 70% of the volume of each N fibrous material ribbons superimposed and / or contiguous with said ply, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping with each other. less partially, especially in at least 80% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous to said sheet, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, in particular in at least 90% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said ply, said N ribbons being capable of at least partially overlapping, more particularly in at least 95% of the volume of each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said ply , said N ribbons being able to overlap at least partially and fiber content is 45 to 65% by volume, preferably 50 to 60% in flight ume, in particular from 54 to 60% for each N ribbons of fibrous material superimposed and / or contiguous with said ply, said N ribbons being capable of
- said N ribbon (s) of fibrous material of the fibrous material web defined above consist of the same or at least one thermoplastic polymer.
- each ribbon is made of the same polymer but that the polymer of each ribbon may be a polymer blend, for example PEKK and PEI.
- said at least one thermoplastic polymer of said N ribbon (s) assembled and / or the bond of fibrous material may be different provided that the polymers constituting superimposed and / or contiguous ribbons, said N ribbons being may overlap at least partially, be compatible or partially miscible.
- said web of fibrous material defined above is composed of Nep overlapping ribbons and NI contiguous ribbons, the number of ribbons in the thickness Nep being from 1 to 4 and the number of ribbons in the width NI. being from 1 to 94.
- the number of ribbons in the thickness Nep superimposed is the same for all NI ribbons and the average thickness is constant over the entire width of said ply.
- Said sheet is therefore composed of a single width and two or four strips of thickness.
- Said sheet is thus constituted of a single thickness over the entire width of the 24 or 32 ribbons.
- said sheet of fibrous material as defined above has a cross-sectional area dimension represented by respectively an average width and an average thickness chosen from: 300 mm ⁇ 2 mm; 200 mm x 2 mm, 150 mm x 2 mm; 100 mm x 2 mm; 596.9 x 1 mm; 393.7mm x 1mm; 292 mm x 1 mm; 200 mm x 1 mm; 150 mm x 1 mm; 100 mm x 1 mm; 15mm x 0.25mm, 15mm x 0.225mm, 14mm x 0.265mm, 14mm x 0.240mm, 12.7mm x 0.265mm, 12.7mm x 0.189mm, 596.9mm x 0.12mm mm; 393.7mm x 0.12mm; 292.1 mm x 0.12mm.
- the present invention relates to the use of a sheet of fibrous material as defined above, for the manufacture of composite parts in three dimensions, by automatic removal of said sheets by means of a robot.
- said manufacture of said composite parts relates to the fields of transport, in particular automobile, oil and gas, in particular offshore, gas storage, aeronautical, nautical, railway; renewable energy, in particular wind turbine, tidal turbine, energy storage devices, solar panels; thermal protection panels; sports and recreation, health and medical and electronics.
- the present invention relates to a three-dimensional composite part, characterized in that it results from the use of at least one sheet of impregnated fibrous material as defined above.
- the present invention relates to a process for preparing a sheet of fibrous material as defined above, characterized in that it comprises a step of superposition and / or joining of said tapes of fibrous material as defined above, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially.
- the superposition and / or joining step is performed by at least one of the following systems:
- said at least one heating system is selected from an infrared lamp, a UV lamp, convection heating, microwave heating, laser heating, and high frequency heating (H F).
- the process defined above is characterized in that it further comprises a preliminary step of heating a fibrous material pre-impregnated with thermoplastic polymer and optionally a chain extender, and finalizing the impregnation to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a ribbon in the form of a strip having an average thickness less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, and optionally a step of shaping and calibrating the wick or said parallel locks of said impregnated fibrous material to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a thin tape-like ribbon having an average thickness of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m.
- the process defined above is characterized in that it further comprises a preliminary step of pre-impregnation of a fibrous material, in particular by powder deposition, by melting, in particular by pultrusion, by extrusion at the head of a thermoplastic polymer melt and optionally a chain extender, by continuously passing the fibers in an aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic polymer powder and optionally a chain extender, or aqueous dispersion of thermoplastic polymer particles and optionally a chain extender, or aqueous emulsion or suspension of thermoplastic polymer, by fluidized bed, equipped or not with at least one docking (E '), by nozzle spray or dry spray in a tank, equipped or not with at least one docking (E ') to obtain a preimpregnated fibrous material.
- a preliminary step of pre-impregnation of a fibrous material in particular by powder deposition, by melting, in particular by pultrusion, by extrusion at the head of a thermoplastic polymer melt
- the method defined above is characterized in that it further comprises a step of shaping the sheet by means of at least one optionally heated notched calender.
- the method defined above is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
- a fibrous material in particular by powder deposition, by melting, in particular by pultrusion, by extrusion at the head of the molten polymer, by continuous passage of the fibers in an aqueous dispersion of polymer powder or dispersion aqueous polymer particles or aqueous polymer emulsion or suspension, by fluidized bed, equipped or not with at least one nozzle (E '), by spray nozzle or gun spray in a tank, with or without minus one (E ') to obtain a preimpregnated fibrous material,
- an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a ribbon in the form of a strip having an average thickness of less than or equal to 100 microns, in particular of 1 micron at 1 OOprn,
- an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a slab tape having an average thickness of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 1 Opm to 1 OOprn.
- N ribbons of fibrous materials said N ribbons being able to overlap at least partially, by at least one of the following systems: 1) heating said ribbon by at least one heating system and then passing said ribbon on at least one rack equipped with a heating system and then passing on a heating radiator,
- the process as defined above is characterized in that it is carried out at a speed of at least 10 m / min, in particular at least 20 m / min, preferably at least 30 m / min.
- Steps i), ii) and iii) are described in more detail below in the "Method of preparing the tapes, especially in the form of strip and thin tape".
- Step iv) is described in more detail in the section "Process for preparing ribbon ribbons"
- Thermoplastic, or thermoplastic polymer is understood to mean a material that is generally solid at ambient temperature, that can be semi-crystalline or amorphous, and that softens during an increase in temperature, in particular after passing its glass transition temperature (Tg). and flows at a higher temperature when it is amorphous, or can present a blunt fusion at the passage of its so-called melting temperature (Tf) when it is semi-crystalline, and which becomes solid again during a decrease in temperature below its crystallization temperature (for a semi-crystalline) and below its glass transition temperature (for an amorphous).
- Tg glass transition temperature
- Tf melting temperature
- Tg and Tf are determined by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) according to standard 1 1357-2: 2013 and 1 1357-3: 2013 respectively.
- thermoplastic polymer As regards the polymer constituting the impregnating matrix of the fibrous material, it is advantageously a thermoplastic polymer or a mixture of polymers thermoplastics.
- This polymer or mixture of thermoplastic polymers can be ground in powder form so that it can be used in a device such as a tank, in particular in a fluidized bed or in an aqueous dispersion.
- the device in the form of a tank, in particular in a fluidized bed, can be open or closed.
- the polyarylsulfides in particular the polyphenylene sulfides (PPS), are excluded from the definition of the polymer constituting the matrix for impregnating the fibrous material.
- thermoplastic polymer or thermoplastic polymer blend further comprises carbonaceous fillers, in particular carbon black or carbon nanofillers, preferably chosen from graphenes, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibrils or their mixtures.
- carbonaceous fillers in particular carbon black or carbon nanofillers, preferably chosen from graphenes, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibrils or their mixtures.
- said thermoplastic polymer comprises at least one additive, especially chosen from a catalyst, an antioxidant, a thermal stabilizer, a UV stabilizer, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, a filler, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent , a chain extender and a dye, an electrical conductive agent, a thermal conductive agent or a mixture thereof.
- a catalyst an antioxidant, a thermal stabilizer, a UV stabilizer, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, a filler, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a nucleating agent , a chain extender and a dye, an electrical conductive agent, a thermal conductive agent or a mixture thereof.
- said additive is chosen from a flame retardant agent, an electrical conductive agent and a thermal conductive agent.
- thermoplastic polymer or thermoplastic polymer blend may further comprise liquid crystal polymers or cyclized poly (butylene terephthalate), or mixtures containing them, such as the CBT100 resin marketed by CYCLICS CORPORATION.
- liquid crystal polymers or cyclized poly (butylene terephthalate), or mixtures containing them such as the CBT100 resin marketed by CYCLICS CORPORATION.
- thermoplastic polymers forming part of the impregnation matrix of the fibrous material can be chosen from:
- PA aliphatic, cycloaliphatic polyamides
- PPAs polyphthalamides
- polyureas in particular aromatic
- PAEK poly(aryl ether ketones)
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PAEKK poly (aryletherketoneketones)
- PEKK polyetherketoneketone
- polyarylsulfides in particular polyphenylene sulfides (PPS),
- polyarylsulphones in particular polyphenylene sulphones (PPSU),
- polystylenes in particular polypropylene (PP);
- PLA polylactic acid
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- thermoplastic polymers entering in the constitution of the matrix of impregnation of the fibrous material can be chosen among:
- PA aliphatic, cycloaliphatic polyamides
- PPAs polyphthalamides
- polyureas in particular aromatic
- polymers and copolymers of the family of acrylics such as polyacrylates, and more particularly polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) or its derivatives
- PAEK poly(aryl ether ketones)
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- PAEKK poly (aryletherketoneketones)
- PEKK polyetherketoneketone
- polyarylsulphones in particular polyphenylene sulphones (PPSU),
- polystylenes in particular polypropylene (PP);
- PLA polylactic acid
- PVA polyvinyl alcohol
- PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- PCTFE polychlorotrifluoroethylene
- the proportion by weight of polymer P1 and P2 is from 1 -99% to 99-1%.
- thermoplastic polymer is a mixture
- pre-impregnation process uses a dry powder
- this mixture is in the form of a powder obtained either by "dry blend” before introduction into the pre-impregnation tank or by “dry blend” made directly in the tank or by grinding a compound previously made extruder.
- this mixture is composed of a powder obtained by "dry blend", before introduction into the tank or directly into the tank, and this mixture of two polymers P1 and P2 is a mixture of PEKK and PEI.
- the PEKK / PEI mixture is from 90-10% to 60-40% by weight, in particular from 90-10% to 70-30% by weight.
- the thermoplastic polymer may be the non-reactive final polymer that will impregnate the fibrous material or a reactive prepolymer, which will also impregnate the fibrous material, but is capable of reacting on itself or with another prepolymer, depending on the end of the chain.
- said prepolymer after pre-impregnation, or with a chain extender and in particular during heating at a heating calender to lead to said non-reactive final polymer, or else to a partially polymerized reactive thermoplastic prepolymer, optionally with said chain extender, and having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of from 500 to 10,000, preferably from 4,000 to 8,000.
- Said partially polymerized reactive thermoplastic prepolymer is capable of leading to said non-reactive final polymer by heat-dependent heating. the Tg and / or Tf of the polymer used.
- non-reactive polymer means that the molecular weight is no longer likely to change significantly, that is to say that its number-average molecular weight (Mn) changes by less than 50% when it is put into operation. and therefore corresponds to the final polyamide polymer of the thermoplastic matrix.
- reactive polymer means that the molecular weight of said reactive polymer will change during the implementation by reaction of prepolymers reactive with each other by condensation, substitution or with a chain extender by polyaddition and without elimination of volatile by-products to lead to the final polyamide polymer (non-reactive) of the thermoplastic matrix.
- said prepolymer may comprise or consist of at least one reactive (polyamide) prepolymer carrying on the same chain (ie on the same prepolymer), two terminal functions X 'and Y' functions respectively coreactive with each other by condensation, more particularly with X 'and Y' being amine and carboxy or carboxy and amine respectively.
- said at least one reactive thermoplastic prepolymer may be partially polymerized, optionally with said chain extender, and has a number-average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 500 to 10,000, preferably from 4000 to 8000.
- said prepolymer may comprise or consist of at least two polyamide prepolymers which are reactive with one another and each carrying two identical terminal functions X 'or Y' (identical for the same prepolymer and different between the two prepolymers), said function X 'of a prepolymer that can react only with said function Y' of the other prepolymer, in particular by condensation, more particularly with X 'and Y' being amine and carboxy or carboxy and amine respectively.
- said at least one reactive thermoplastic prepolymer may be partially polymerized, optionally with said chain extender, and has a number average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 500 to 10,000, preferably from 4000 to 8000.
- said prepolymer may comprise or consist of at least one prepolymer of said thermoplastic polyamide polymer carrying n terminal functional functions X, chosen from: -NH 2, -CO 2 H and -OH, preferably NH 2 and -CO 2 H with wherein n is 1 to 3, preferably 1 to 2, more preferably 1 or 2, more particularly 2 and at least one Y-A'-Y chain extender, with A 'being a hydrocarbon biradical carrying 2 terminal reactive functions.
- said at least one reactive thermoplastic prepolymer may be partially polymerized, optionally with said chain extender, and has a number average molecular weight (Mn) ranging from 500 to 10,000, preferably from 4000 to 8000.
- the number-average molecular weight Mn of said final polymer of the thermoplastic matrix is preferably in a range from 10,000 to 40,000, preferably from 12,000 to 30,000. These Mn values may correspond to inherent viscosities greater than or equal to 0.8 such as determined in m-cresol according to ISO 307: 2007 but changing the solvent (use of m-cresol in place of sulfuric acid and the temperature being 20 ° C).
- Said reactive prepolymers according to the two options mentioned above have a number-average molecular weight Mn ranging from 500 to 10,000, preferably from 1,000 to 6,000, in particular from 2,500 to 6,000.
- Mn are determined in particular by the calculation from the rate of terminal functions determined by potentiometric titration in solution and the functionality of said prepolymers. Mn masses can also be determined by size exclusion chromatography or by NMR.
- polyamides The nomenclature used to define polyamides is described in ISO 1874-1: 201 1 "Plastics - Polyamide (PA) materials for molding and extrusion - Part 1: Designation", especially on page 3 (Tables 1 and 2) and is well known to those skilled in the art.
- the polyamide may be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide or a mixture thereof.
- the prepolymers constituting the matrix are chosen from polyamides (PA), in particular chosen from aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides, and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides) optionally modified with urea units, and their copolymers, polymethyl methacrylate (PPMA) and its copolymers, polyetherimides (PEI), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), PVDF, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) Poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK), fluorinated polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- PA polyamides
- PA polyamides
- PPMA polymethyl methacrylate
- PEI polyetherimides
- PPS polyphenylene sulfide
- PPSU polyphenylene sulfone
- PVDF polyetherketoneketone
- PEKK polyetherketoneketone
- the prepolymers constituting the matrix are chosen from polyamides (PA), in particular chosen from aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides, and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides) optionally modified with urea units, and their copolymers, polymethyl methacrylate (PPMA) and its copolymers, polyetherimides (PEI), polyphenylene sulfone (PPSU), PVDF, polyetherketoneketone (PEKK), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), fluorinated polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- PA polyamides
- PA polyamides
- PPSU polymethyl methacrylate
- PEI polyetherimides
- PPSU polyphenylene sulfone
- PVDF polyetherketoneketone
- PEKK polyetherketoneketone
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- fluorinated polymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF).
- VDF content must be greater than 80% by weight, or even better 90% by weight, to ensure good mechanical and chemical resistance to the structural part, especially when subjected to thermal and chemical stresses.
- the comonomer may be a fluorinated monomer such as, for example, vinyl fluoride.
- PAEK PolyArylEtherKetone
- PEK poly ether ketones
- PEEK poly ether ether ketone
- polyethylene glycol are advantageously used according to the invention.
- PEKK Poly (ether ketone ether ketone ketone) PEKEKK or PA high temperature glass transition Tg).
- thermoplastic polymer is an amorphous polymer whose glass transition temperature is such that Tg> 80 ° C., in particular> 100 ° C., in particular > 120 ° C., in particular> 140 ° C., or a semicrystalline polymer whose melting temperature Tf> 150 ° C.
- said at least one thermoplastic prepolymer is selected from polyamides, PEKK, PEI and a mixture of PEKK and PEI.
- said polyamide is chosen from aliphatic polyamides, cycloaliphatic polyamides and semi-aromatic polyamides (polyphthalamides).
- said aliphatic polyamide prepolymer is chosen from:
- polyamide 6 PA-6
- polyamide 11 PA-11
- polyamide 12 PA-12
- polyamide 66 PA-66
- polyamide 46 PA-46
- polyamide 610 PA-610
- polyamide 612 PA-612
- polyamide 1010 PA-1010
- PA-1012 polyamide 1 1/1010 and polyamide 12/1010, or a mixture of them or a copolyamide thereof
- block copolymers in particular polyamide / polyether (PEBA)
- said semi-aromatic polyamide is a semi-aromatic polyamide, optionally modified with urea units, in particular an MXD6 PA and an MXD10 PA or a semi-aromatic polyamide of formula X / YAr, as described in EP1505099, in particular a semi-aromatic polyamide of formula A / XT in which A is chosen from a unit obtained from at least one amino acid, at least one unit obtained from a lactam and at least one unit corresponding to the formula (diamine)
- XT denotes a unit obtained from the polycondensation of a diamine in Cx and terephthalic acid, with x representing the number of carbon atoms of the diamine in Cx, x being between 6 and 36, advantageously between 9 and 18, in particular a polyamide of formula A / 6T, A / 9T, A / 10T or A / 1 1 T, A being as defined above, in particular a polyamide PA 6 / 6T, a PA 66 / 6T, a PA 6I / 6T, a PA MPMDT / 6T, a PA PA1 1 / 10T, a PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, a PA MXDT / 10T, a PA MPMDT / 10T, a PA BACT / 10T, a PA BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA BACT / 10T / 6T.
- T is terephthalic acid
- MXD is m-xylylene diamine
- MPMD is methylpentamethylene diamine
- BAC is bis (aminomethyl) cyclohexane.
- said polyamide is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 6T / 10T, PA PA MXDT / 10T, PA MPMDT / 10T, PA BACT / 10T, PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 1 / MPMDT / 1 OT, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, a PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T.
- fibers of constitution of said fibrous material they are in particular continuous fibers of mineral, organic or vegetable origin in the form of locks.
- each unitary ribbon comprises a number of fibers, in particular carbon, chosen from a multiple of 3000 or 50000 fibers.
- each unitary ribbon comprising a number of carbon fibers chosen from m ⁇ 12000 fibers, n ⁇ 24000 fibers and ⁇ 50000 fibers, 270 000 fibers or 400 000 fibers, m being from 1 to 40, in particular 1 to 4, n being from 1 to 20 and p being from 1 to 10, in particular 1.
- the grammage for fiberglass is greater than or equal to 1200 Tex, in particular greater than or equal to 2400 Tex, greater than or equal to 4800 Tex.
- fibers of mineral origin mention may be made of carbon fibers, glass fibers, basalt or basalt-based fibers, silica fibers, or silicon carbide fibers, for example.
- thermoplastic or thermosetting polymer-based fibers such as semi-aromatic polyamide fibers, aramid fibers or polyolefin fibers, for example.
- they are based on amorphous thermoplastic polymer and have a glass transition temperature Tg greater than the Tg of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture of constitution of the pre-impregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or greater than the Tf of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture of constitution of the pre-impregnation matrix when the latter is semi-crystalline.
- thermoplastic polymers are based on semi-crystalline thermoplastic polymer and have a melting temperature Tf greater than the Tg of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture of constitution of the pre-impregnation matrix when the latter is amorphous, or greater than the Tf of the polymer or thermoplastic polymer mixture of constitution of the pre-impregnation matrix when the latter is semi-crystalline.
- Tf melting temperature
- the organic fibers constituting the fibrous material during impregnation with the thermoplastic matrix of the final composite there is no risk of fusion for the organic fibers constituting the fibrous material during impregnation with the thermoplastic matrix of the final composite.
- the fibers of vegetable origin mention may be made of natural fibers based on flax, hemp, lignin, bamboo, silk, especially spider, sisal, and other cellulosic fibers, in particular viscose fibers.
- These plant-based fibers can be used pure, treated or coated with a coating layer, in order to facilitate the adhesion and impre
- constituent fibers can be used alone or in mixtures.
- organic fibers can be mixed with the mineral fibers to be pre-impregnated with thermoplastic polymer and form the preimpregnated fibrous material.
- the fibrous material is constituted by continuous fibers of carbon, glass or silicon carbide or their mixture, in particular carbon fibers. It is used in the form of a lock or several locks.
- the polymer or mixture of thermoplastic impregnating polymers is distributed uniformly and homogeneously around the fibers.
- the thermoplastic impregnating polymer must be distributed as homogeneously as possible within the fibers in order to obtain a minimum of porosities, ie a minimum of voids between the fibers.
- porosities in this type of material can act as points of concentration of stress, when placed under tensile stress, for example, and which then form fracture initiation points of the impregnated fibrous material. and mechanically weaken it.
- a homogeneous distribution of the polymer or polymer mixture thus improves the mechanical strength and the homogeneity of the composite material formed from these impregnated fibrous materials.
- the level of fibers in said preimpregnated fibrous material is 45 to 65% by volume, preferably 50 to 60% by volume, especially 54 to 60% by volume.
- the measurement of the impregnation rate can be carried out by image analysis (use of microscope or camera or digital camera, in particular), a cross section of the ribbon, by dividing the surface of the tape impregnated with the polymer. by the total surface of the product (surface impregnated plus surface of the porosities).
- image analysis use of microscope or camera or digital camera, in particular
- a cross section of the ribbon by dividing the surface of the tape impregnated with the polymer. by the total surface of the product (surface impregnated plus surface of the porosities).
- the porosity of said impregnated fibrous material is less than 10%, especially less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
- the porosity rate is greater than 0% but lower than the rates mentioned above.
- the porosity rate corresponds to the closed porosity rate and can be determined either by electron microscopy or as the relative difference between the theoretical density and the experimental density of said impregnated fibrous material as described in the Examples section of the present invention.
- Ribbons of fibrous material impregnated in the form of strip or thin tape, especially monolayer, can be prepared respectively in two or three steps:
- said at least one heating system is selected from an infrared lamp, a UV lamp, a convection heater, a microwave heating a laser heating, and a high frequency heating (H F).
- the first pre-impregnation step for obtaining a preimpregnated fibrous material may be carried out according to the techniques well known to those skilled in the art and in particular chosen from those described above.
- the squeeze may be a concave, convex or cylindrical compression roll, in particular it is cylindrical.
- FIG. 1 shows an example of a vessel provided with a jig
- FIG. 2 shows an example of a vessel comprising a fluidized bed in which the jig is a cylindrical compression roller.
- the same tank can be used without the presence of a fluidized bed and equipped with a spray gun.
- the pre-impregnation may also be carried out with a system as defined above in which one or more bays (E ") is (are) present upstream of said system, in particular before the tank in which the pre-impregnation is performed.
- the pre-impregnation stage can be carried out by melting, in particular by pultrusion.
- the melt pre-impregnation techniques are well known to those skilled in the art and are described in the references above.
- the pre-impregnation stage is carried out in particular by extrusion at the angle head of the polymer matrix and passage of said wick or said wicks in this square head then passage in a heated die, the crosshead being optionally provided with fixed or rotary jams on which the wick scrolls thus causing a development of said wick permitting pre-impregnation of said wick.
- the pre-impregnation may in particular be carried out as described in US 2014/0005331 A1 with the difference that the supply of resin is carried out on both sides of said wick and that there is no contact surface eliminating a part of the resin on one of the two surfaces.
- the pre-impregnation step is carried out by a high speed melt, that is to say with a running speed of said wick or said wicks greater than or equal to 5 m / min, in particular greater than 9 m. / min.
- the pre-impregnation stage may be carried out in a fluidized bed.
- This system describes the use of a vessel comprising a fluidized bed to perform the pre-impregnation step and can be used in the context of the invention.
- the tank comprising the fluidized bed is provided with at least one piece of docking (E ') ( Figure 1) which can be a compression roller (Figure 2)).
- docking (E ') By part of docking (E '), it is meant any system on which the wick to the possibility of scrolling in the tank.
- the docking piece (E ') can have any shape from the moment the wick can scroll on it.
- FIG. 1 An example of a loading part (E '), without restricting the invention to it, is detailed in FIG.
- parts (E) and (E ') can be identical or different in terms of material or shape and its characteristics (diameter, length, width, height ... depending on the form).
- the pre-impregnation step of the fibrous material is carried out by passing one or more wicks in a continuous pre-impregnation device, comprising a tank (10) provided with at least one mating piece (E ') and comprising a fluidized bed (12) of powder of said polymer matrix.
- the powder of said polymer or polymer matrix is suspended in a gas G (air for example) introduced into the tank and circulating in the tank (10) through a hopper (1 1).
- the wick (s) are circulated in this fluidized bed (12).
- the tank may have any shape, in particular cylindrical or parallelepipedal, in particular a rectangular parallelepiped or a cube, advantageously a rectangular parallelepiped.
- the tank (10) can be an open or closed tank.
- the tank is closed, it is then equipped with a sealing system so that the powder of said polymer matrix can not leave said tank.
- thermoplastic polymer matrix is in powder form, in particular in suspension in a gas, in particular air, but can not be in dispersion in a solvent or in water.
- wick prepreg is unwound from a reel device under the traction generated by cylinders (not shown).
- Each reel is provided with a brake (not shown) so as to apply tension to each fiber strand.
- a brake not shown
- an alignment module allows to arrange the fiber locks parallel to each other. In this way the fiber locks can not be in contact with each other, which makes it possible to avoid mechanical degradation of the fibers by friction between them.
- the fiber wick or the parallel fiber locks then pass into a tank (10), in particular comprising a fluidized bed (12), provided with a loading piece (E ') which is a compression roll (24). in the case of Figure 2.
- the fiber lock or the parallel fiber locks then spring (ent) from the tank after pre-impregnation after possible control of the residence time in the powder.
- the term "residence time in the powder” means the time during which the wick is in contact with said powder in the fluidized bed.
- an optional de-sizing step can be performed before the fibrous material passes into the vessel.
- the vessel used comprises a fluidized bed with a booster and said pre-impregnation stage is carried out with simultaneous expansion of said wick or said wicks between the inlet and the outlet of the vessel comprising said fluidized bed.
- tank inlet corresponds to the vertical tangent of the edge of the vessel which comprises the fluidized bed.
- outlet of the tank corresponds to the vertical tangent of the other edge of the vessel which comprises the fluidized bed.
- the transverse spread or width of the wick increases between the inlet of the vessel comprising the fluidized bed and the outlet of the vessel comprising the fluidized bed and thus allows improved pre-impregnation of the fibrous material.
- At least one docking (E '), in particular a cylindrical compression roller, in the pre-impregnation stage thus allows an improved pre-impregnation compared with the methods of the prior art.
- compression roll means that the wicking bit rests partially or completely on the surface of said compression roller, which induces the development of said wick.
- said at least one compression roller is of cylindrical shape and the percentage of development of said wick or said wicks between the inlet and the outlet of the tank of said fluidized bed is from 1% to 1000%, preferably 100%. % to 800% preferably 200% to 800%, preferably 400% to 800%.
- the percentage of bloom is equal to the ratio of the final width of the lock to the initial width of the lock multiplied by 100.
- the diameter of said at least one compression roller is from 3 mm to 500 mm, preferably from 10 mm to 100 mm, in particular from 20 mm to 60 mm.
- the compression roller is cylindrical and not grooved and in particular is metallic.
- the mating piece (E ') is at least one compression roll
- a single compression roll is present in the fluidized bed and said pre-impregnation is carried out at the angle CM formed by said wick or said wicks between the inlet of said compression roller and the vertical tangent to said compression roller.
- the angle CM formed by said wick or said wicks between the inlet of said compression roller and the vertical tangent to said compression roller allows the formation of an area in which the powder will concentrate thus leading to a "wedge effect" which with the simultaneous development of the wick by said compression roller allows a pre- impregnation over a larger width of wick and therefore improved pre-impregnation compared to the techniques of the improved prior art.
- the angle is from 0 to 89 °, preferably 5 ° to 85, preferably from 5 ° to 45 °, preferably 5 ° to 30 °.
- An angle value of 0 ° corresponds to a vertical fiber. It is obvious that the height of the cylindrical compression roller is adjustable thus allowing to position the fiber vertically.
- the inlet edge of the tank (23a) is equipped with a roller, in particular a cylindrical and rotary roller, on which said wick or said wicks runs, thus leading to a development prior to the pre-impregnation.
- the angle is as defined above.
- the volume diameter D90 of the thermoplastic polymer powder particles is 30 to 500 ⁇ m, preferably 80 to 300 ⁇ m.
- the volume diameter D10 of the thermoplastic polymer powder particles is from 5 to 200 ⁇ m, advantageously from 15 to 100 ⁇ m.
- the volume diameter of the thermoplastic polymer powder particles is included in the D90 / D10 ratio, ie between 1.5 to 50, advantageously from 2 to 10.
- the average diameter D50 by volume of the thermoplastic polymer powder particles is from 10 to 300 ⁇ m, especially from 30 to 200 ⁇ m, more particularly from 45 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the volume diameters of the particles are defined according to ISO 9276: 2014.
- the "D50” corresponds to the average diameter by volume, ie the value of the particle size which divides the particle population examined in exactly two parts.
- the "D90” corresponds to the value at 90% of the cumulative curve of the particle size distribution in volume.
- the "D10" corresponds to the corresponds to the size of 10% of the particle volume.
- two, three or more rollers may be present in the fluidized bed.
- the step of pre-impregnating the fibrous material may also be carried out by passing one or more wicks in a continuous projection pre-impregnation device, comprising a vessel, comprising one or more nozzles or one or more gun (s) projecting the polymer powder onto the fibrous material at the roll inlet.
- a continuous projection pre-impregnation device comprising a vessel, comprising one or more nozzles or one or more gun (s) projecting the polymer powder onto the fibrous material at the roll inlet.
- the polymer (s) or polymer powder is projected into the tank by means of nozzle (s) or gun (s) at the part of the binder including the compression roller (input) on said fibrous material.
- the wick or wicks are circulated in this tank.
- An example without being limited to it with a gun is shown in Figure 3.
- two, three or more rollers may be present each provided with a pistol.
- Second step heating the preimpregnated fibrous material and finalizing the impregnation.
- the pre-impregnation step can therefore be carried out by any means provided or not with at least one docking (E ').
- the presence of the docking allows the development of the wick and promotes pre-impregnation.
- the presence of this docking is not essential from the moment when a heating system provided with at least one piece of docking (E) is present after the pre-impregnation stage to finalize the impregnation.
- the term "docking piece (E)" means any system on which the wick has the ability to scroll.
- the docking piece (E) can have any shape from the moment the wick can scroll on. It can be fixed or rotating.
- the heating system is any system that emits heat or emits radiation that may heat the docking member (E). It can be selected from an infrared lamp, a UV lamp, a convection heater, a microwave heating a laser heating, and a High Frequency (HF) heating.
- HF High Frequency
- the engaging piece (E) is therefore conductive or absorbs radiation emitted by heat.
- heat-conducting bartack (E) means that the bartack (E) is made of a material capable of absorbing and conducting heat.
- It can also be a heating system with high frequency waves, microwaves or lasers.
- the docking piece is non-conductive of heat or does not absorb the radiation emitted by heat.
- non-heat-conductive (E) -center means that the bartack (E) is made of a material incapable of absorbing and conducting heat.
- Said at least one docking piece (E) is located or included in the environment of the heating system, that is to say, it is not outside the heating system.
- said heating system overcomes said at least one mating piece (E).
- the heating system is at a height sufficient for the polymer present on the wick to melt but without degrading said polymer.
- said heating system comprises either only said at least one mating piece (E) but may also comprise a portion of the wick, outside said mooring system (E), said wick portion being located before and / or after said docking system (E).
- FIG. 4 A representation of a heating system and three jams (E), corresponding to R'i, R ' 2 and R' 3 , is shown in Figure 4, without being limited in any way to it.
- the heating system shown in Figure 4 is a horizontal system. However, the heating system (s) can be arranged vertically with also vertical scrolling of the wick through the jams.
- this heating step makes it possible to complete the impregnation of the wick carried out beforehand during the pre-impregnation stage and in particular to obtain a homogeneous and core impregnation.
- homogeneous means that the impregnation is uniform and that there is no dry fiber, that is to say, not impregnated, and that there is not the opposite of zone of pure resin without fiber in at least 95% of the volume of the ribbon of impregnated fibrous material. Indeed, regardless of the system used for the pre-impregnation step, a first blooming occurs during this step, especially if the pre-impregnation step is performed with the use of parts (E ') , such as in a fluidized bed with at least one docking as described above.
- a first development of the wick occurs at the level of said compression rollers corresponding to the wedge pieces (E ') with "wedge effect" due to the partial or total movement of said wick on said piece (s) of (E ') and a second expansion occurs during the heating step, at the level of said compression rollers corresponding to the parts (E) because of partial or total scrolling of said wick on said part ( s) (E).
- the heating system can be separated in two and thus consists of two heating systems, a first heating system before said parts (E) and a second heating system comprising said parts. It is obvious that the distance between the two heating systems is then sufficient for the polymer to remain in the melting state.
- the two heating systems may be of the same nature or of a different nature and of identical or different power.
- This second expansion is preceded during the passage of the wick in the heating system, before its partial or total scrolling on the said room (s) of docking (E), a retraction of the wick due to the merger polymer on said wick.
- This second bloom combined with the melting of said polymer matrix by the heating system and the retraction of the wick make it possible to homogenise the pre-impregnation and thus finalize the impregnation and thus to have an impregnation at heart and to have a high level of fibers by volume, especially constant in at least 70% of the volume of the ribbon, in particular in at least 80% of the volume of the ribbon, in particular in at least 90% of the volume of the ribbon, more particularly in at least 95% ribbon volume, as well as decrease porosity.
- a wick of width h before pre-impregnation thus has a width l 2 > h after pre-impregnation and a width l 3 ⁇ l 2 > h after melting of the polymer and retraction of said fibrous material pre-impregnated with said molten polymer.
- the development of the second fibrous material comprising said molten polymer results in a material having a width l 4 approximately equal to 2 and having a mean thickness less than or equal to 100 .mu.m.
- the impregnated fibrous material then constitutes a ribbon in the form of a strip of medium width and thickness that is not calibrated.
- the percentage of expansion during the heating step between the inlet of the first compression roller R'i and the outlet of the last compression roller R ' is approximately 0 to 300%, in particular 0 at 50%.
- the different bloomings during the heating step combined with the melting of the thermoplastic polymer and the shrinkage of the wick during said heating step make it possible to obtain a level of impregnated fibers after the heating step of 45 to 65. % by volume, preferably from 50 to 60% by volume, in particular from 54 to 60% (fiber content which can not be attained by conventional melt techniques), the fiber content by volume and the distribution of the fibers being substantially identical on average on both sides of the median plane of the fibrous material along the entire length of said fibrous material, thus leading to the production of a fibrous material, in particular a monolayer material.
- the average thickness e 4 is dependent on the level of impregnated fibers, the average thickness being in particular less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m for an impregnated fiber content of between 45% and 65% by volume.
- the heating of the preimpregnated fibrous material made without passing through the jams (E) makes it possible to obtain ribbons with an average thickness greater than 100 ⁇ m but less than 150 ⁇ m.
- the porosity rate in said impregnated fibrous material is less than 10%, especially less than 5%, in particular less than 2%.
- Step of formatting and calibration obtaining the thin tape
- a step of shaping the wick or said parallel wicks and calibration of said impregnated fibrous material when it takes place is performed after output of the second heating system.
- This step can be carried out directly after leaving the second heating system and in this case the speed of travel of the wick is identical in the second and third heating systems or in a delayed manner, which means that the speed of movement of the wick can be different between the second and the third heating system.
- This step can be performed according to one of the following embodiments: 1) passing a strip on one or more of the tweaks (as defined for (E)) of which at least one notch is notched (gorged), the average width of said strip being lower than the notched (or gorged).
- At least one of said restraints is located under a third heating system, in particular IR, microwave or high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or parallel strip stack) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1.8kW.
- a third heating system in particular IR, microwave or high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or parallel strip stack) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1.8kW.
- said at least one notched roll (41) is located first and is outside the third heating system (45).
- a second notched lug (44) is present at the outlet of the third heating system and out of the said third heating system.
- the diameter of the notched socketing (s) (41) and (44) is from 12 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 12 mm to 30 mm.
- the diameter of the or not serrated (s) (s) (42) and (43) is from 10 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 10 mm to 30 mm.
- the strip After passing under the third heating system, the strip is shaped to the width of the notched housing at the outlet of the third heating system passes at level of heating radiators (46) connected in series equipped with an IR of 1 kW each and whose delivered power is flexible, out of the third heating system, to obtain the thin tape thickness less than 100pm.
- Figure 7 (with a single coil used and after passing through the IR2) describes an embodiment without being limited thereto.
- Notched clutches can also be of the same or different diameter as are the notched clutches.
- Said interferences are located under a third heating system, in particular IR, microwave, high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or stack of parallel strips) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1, 8kW.
- a third heating system in particular IR, microwave, high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or stack of parallel strips) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1, 8kW.
- said at least one notched roll is located first.
- the passage on the first toothed notch reduces the width of the strip below the width of the notched groove.
- a second notched lug is present at the outlet of the third heating system with a throat width greater than the width of the strip.
- the strip shaped to the width of the notched nock at the outlet of the third heating system passes at series heat radiators equipped with a IR of 1 kW each, out of the third heating system, to get the thin tape of thickness less than 100pm.
- a calendering system with pressure and roll gap management as described in WO 2015/121583 can be used in both embodiments.
- the docking is in particular a fixed or rotating notched roller, or even counter-rotating, in particular fixed to gather the said impregnated fibrous material to the right width.
- the notched roller may also have rounded edges at the side contacts with the docking to avoid damaging the thin edge edge fibers.
- the term "rounded edges" means that the bottom of the screen is concave or convex.
- the fibrous material impregnated after passing over the calender system then constitutes a tape in the form of a thin tape having a final average width of less than U.
- the first embodiment of the shaping and calibration step is preferred.
- Said thin slice has an average thickness of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m for an impregnated fiber content ranging from 45% to 65% by volume.
- said thin slice has a final average width less than L and an average thickness of 10pm to 100pm for an impregnated fiber content of 45% to 65% by volume.
- the process according to the invention is carried out at a speed of at least 10 m / min, in particular at least 20 m / min, in particular at least 30 m / min.
- said at least two strips are superimposed and / or contiguous while passing over one or more interferences (as defined for (E)) of which at least one notch is notched (grooved).
- At least one of said restraints is located under a third heating system, in particular IR, microwave, high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or stack of parallel strips) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1.8kW.
- a third heating system in particular IR, microwave, high frequency or laser, in particular IR power (for each strip or stack of parallel strips) between 0.1W and 10kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 6kW, more preferably between 0.1 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 3kW, more preferably between 0.6 and 1.8kW.
- a first toothed groove (gorged) to the desired size allows the superposition and / or joining to the desired size off the third heating system.
- the strips superimposed and / or contiguous to the desired size then pass on at least not notched docking under said third heating system and then on a second notched dock also under said third heating system.
- two notched notches are present under said third heating system.
- the strips superimposed and / or contiguous and shaped to the width of the notched dock at the outlet of the third heating system pass at the level of serially mounted heat calenders equipped with an IR of 1 kW each with adjustable power (as a percentage of the maximum power), outside the third heating system, to obtain the water table.
- the first notched roller of the first variant is also placed under the third heating system.
- said at least two strips pass over at least one optionally notched bay, provided with a heating system and then passing at series heat radiators equipped with an IR of 1 kW each power adjustable (as a percentage of the maximum power), out of the third heating system, to get the tablecloth.
- the crunches or notches used in the first, second and third variants have the following characteristics:
- the diameter of the notched socketing (s) (41) and (44) is from 12 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 12 mm to 30 mm.
- the diameter of the or not serrated (s) (s) (42) and (43) is from 10 mm to 50 mm, in particular from 10 mm to 30 mm.
- said at least two strips are heated by at least one heating system and then passed to series heat radiators equipped with an IR of 1 kW each power adjustable (as a percentage of the maximum power) outside the third heating system, to obtain the tablecloth.
- said at least two strips are heated and passed through a hot die passed before passing at series heat radiators equipped with an IR of 1 kW each power adjustable (as a percentage of the maximum power), off the third heating system, to get the tablecloth.
- Said at least two superposed and / or contiguous strips are then subjected to one of the five variants of the first embodiment described above.
- the heating system with or without booster is at a temperature which is higher than the Tf of the polymer.
- the heating radiators mounted in series are at a temperature between Tg and Tf of the polymer, advantageously from Tg +50 ° C to Tg + 80 ° C, as determined according to ISO 1 1357-2 2013.
- the fibrous material is chosen from carbon fiber and fiberglass.
- the fibrous material is carbon fiber and each unit ribbon comprising a number of carbon fibers selected from m ⁇ 12000 fibers, n ⁇ 24000 fibers and px 50000 fibers, m being from 1 to 40, in particular 1 to 4, n being from 1 to 20 and p being from 1 to 10, in particular 1.
- thermoplastic polymer used to impregnate the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer used for impregnating the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1/1 OT, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, a PA MXDT / 10T, a PA MPMDT / 10T, a PA BACT / 10T, a PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, a PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the fibrous material is fiberglass and the grammage for the fiberglass is greater than or equal to 1200 T ex, especially greater than or equal to 2400 T ex, greater than or equal to 4800 Tex.
- thermoplastic polymer used to impregnate the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer used to impregnate the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, a PA MXDT / 10T, MPMDT / 10T PA, PA BACT / 10T, PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the pre-impregnation of the carbon fiber fibrous material is carried out by fluidized bed and then a step of heating and finalizing the impregnation to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a ribbon in the form of a strip having a lower average thickness. or equal to 100pm, in particular from 10pm to 100pm, said heating step being immediately subsequent to the pre-impregnation stage.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a ribbon strip form used to impregnate the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a ribbon in the form of a strip used for impregnating the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, one PA MXDT / 10T, one PA MPMDT / 10T, one PA BACT / 10T, one PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, one PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the superposition and / or joining of N ribbons of fibrous materials in the form of strapping, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, is performed by heating said tape by at least one heating system and then passing said ribbon on at least one notched netting provided with a heating system and then passing on a heating calender.
- the pre-impregnation of the fibrous material made of carbon fiber is carried out by fluidized bed and then a step of heating, finalizing the impregnation and shaping and calibration to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a ribbon under thin slab form having an average thickness of less than or equal to 100 ⁇ m, in particular from 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, said heating step being immediately consecutive to the pre-impregnation stage.
- the superposition and / or joining of N ribbons of fibrous materials in the form of a thin tape, said N ribbons being able to overlap at least partially is carried out by heating said tape by at least one heating system and then passing said tape on at least one notched landing equipped with a heating system and then passing on a heating grille.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a tape in the form of thin tape used to impregnate the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a tape in the form of a thin tape used to impregnate the carbon fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, one PA MXDT / 10T, one PA MPMDT / 10T, one PA BACT / 10T, one PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, one PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the pre-impregnation of the fibrous fiberglass material is carried out by fluidized bed and then a step of heating and finalizing the impregnation to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a ribbon in the form of a strip having a lower average thickness. or equal to 100pm, in particular from 10pm to 100pm, said heating step being immediately subsequent to the pre-impregnation stage.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a ribbon strip form used to impregnate the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a ribbon in the form of a strip used for impregnating the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, one PA MXDT / 10T, one PA MPMDT / 10T, one PA BACT / 10T, one PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, one PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the superposition and / or joining of N ribbons of fibrous materials in strip form, said N ribbons being capable of overlapping at least partially, is carried out by heating said ribbon by at least one heating system and then passing said ribbon over to minus a rack equipped with a heating system and then passing on a heating radiator.
- the pre-impregnation of the fibrous fiberglass material is carried out by fluidized bed and then a step of heating and finalizing the impregnation to obtain an impregnated fibrous material consisting of a tape in the form of thin tape having an average thickness less than or equal to 100pm, in particular from 10pm to 100pm, said heating step being immediately consecutive to the pre-impregnation stage.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a thin tape tape used to impregnate the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide.
- thermoplastic polymer constituting a tape in the form of a thin tape used for impregnating the glass fiber is a semi-aromatic polyamide chosen from PA MPMDT / 6T, PA PA1 1 / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT, PA 1 1 / 6T / 10T, one PA MXDT / 10T, one PA MPMDT / 10T, one PA BACT / 10T, one PA BACT / 6T, PA BACT / 10T / 6T, one PA 1 1 / BACT / 6T, PA 1 1 / MPMDT / 10T, PA 1 1 / BACT / 10T, PA 1 1 / MXDT / 10T, PEEK, PEKK and PEI or a mixture thereof.
- the superposition and / or joining of N ribbons of fibrous materials in the form of a thin tape, said N ribbons being able to overlap at least partially is carried out by heating said tape by at least one heating system and then passing said tape on at least one mounting provided with a heating system and then passing on a heating radiator.
- FIG. 1 details a tank (10) comprising a fluidized bed (12) with a height-adjustable bartack (22).
- the edge of the tank inlet is equipped with a rotating roller 23a on which the wick 21a runs and the edge of the tank outlet is equipped with a rotary roller 23b on which the wick 21b runs.
- Figure 2 shows a single-roll embodiment with a vessel (10) comprising a fluidized bed (12) in which a single cylindrical compression roll (24) is present and showing the angle ⁇ 1.
- the arrows at the fiber indicate the direction of travel of the fiber.
- Fig. 3 shows a single-pressurized embodiment with a tub (30) including a powder spraying gun (31) in which a single cylindrical compression roll (33) is present and showing the angle a "i.
- Figure 4 shows a diagram of a single heating system for heating the preimpregnated fibrous material and finalizing the impregnation with three rollers for finalizing the impregnation.
- the method according to WO 2015/121583 leads to a fibrous material which is too thick (181 ⁇ m) and lacks homogeneity in several places of the impregnated wick as well as a high porosity and poor distribution of the fibers.
- the diameter of a fiber is 7 ⁇ m.
- the diameter of a fiber is 7 ⁇ m.
- the strip obtained has a mean thickness of less than 88 ⁇ m with a fiber content by volume of 55%.
- Figure 7 shows an embodiment (40) of the superposition of three strips (obtained Figure 6), shaped to 12.7 mm to obtain a sheet 12.7 mm wide.
- This embodiment comprises the passage in parallel of three fibrous materials in the second heating system and then superposition of the three strips at the level of the first serrated notch (41) (diameter 13 mm, 12.7 mm groove) excluding infrared (45 ( IR3)), followed by two notched notches (42) and (43) (diameter 20 mm) and notched notch (44) (diameter 13 mm, groove 12.7 mm) under IR (45) and heat calenders (46). ) mounted in series equipped with an IR of 1 kW each and whose power is flexible.
- the diameter of a fiber is 7 ⁇ m.
- the strip obtained has an average thickness of 63 ⁇ m lower with a fiber content by volume of 55%.
- the diameter of a fiber is 7 ⁇ m.
- the strip obtained has an average thickness of 63 ⁇ m lower with a fiber content by volume of 55%.
- the diameter of a fiber is 7 ⁇ m.
- the strip obtained has an average thickness of 63 ⁇ m lower with a fiber content by volume of 55%.
- Fibrous material SGL carbon fiber, 50K monolayer impregnated with BACT / 10T
- the rollers are 54 cm apart (distance between the central axis of the first roll and the central axis of the last roll)
- Step of heating the preimpregnated fibrous material and finalizing the impregnation Step of heating the preimpregnated fibrous material and finalizing the impregnation.
- the heating system used is that described in FIG. 4 but with eight cylindrical rollers R '1 to R' s fixed with a diameter of 8 mm.
- the speed of advancement of the wick is 10 m / min
- the infrared used has a total power of 25 kW, the height between the infrared and the upper roller is 4 cm and the height between the infrared and the lower rollers is 9 cm.
- angles a'i to a ' 8 are identical and 25 °.
- the height h is 20 mm
- the length I is 1000 mm
- the eight rolls are each 43 mm apart.
- Figure 6 shows the impregnated fibrous material obtained (strip) which has a thickness of 88 ⁇ m.
- the fibrous material obtained is a monolayer material which has a homogeneity of impregnation and a low porosity with a very good distribution of the fibers.
- FIG. 7 details this step.
- a first notched nock (41) (diameter 13 mm, 12.7 mm throat) out of infra red (45 (IR3))
- the three superimposed straps pass on two non-notched jacks (42) and (43) (diameter 20 mm) then a notched jig (44) (diameter 13 mm, groove 12.7 mm) under IR (45) and finally through heated calanders (46) mounted in series equipped with an IR of 1 kW each.
- the resulting ply has a width of 12.7 mm and a thickness of 250 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 The same procedure as for Example 1 is used for the preparation of the strips and the superposition of the strips. Notched clutches have a 12.4 mm groove.
- the resulting ply has a width of 12.4 mm and a thickness of 189 ⁇ m for a basis weight of 194 g / m 2 of carbon fiber.
- Example 2 The same procedure as for Example 1 is used for the preparation of the strips and the superposition of the strips. Notched clutches have a 12.4 mm groove. The resulting ply has a width of 12.4 mm and a thickness of 189 ⁇ m for a basis weight of 194 g / m 2 of carbon fiber.
- Example 2 The same procedure as for Example 1 is used for the preparation of the strips and the superposition of the strips. Notched clutches have a 12.4 mm groove.
- the resulting ply has a width of 12.4 mm and a thickness of 189 ⁇ m for a basis weight of 194 g / m 2 of carbon fiber.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Robotics (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1852552A FR3079163B1 (fr) | 2018-03-23 | 2018-03-23 | Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensions |
PCT/FR2019/050621 WO2019180371A2 (fr) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-03-19 | Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3768482A2 true EP3768482A2 (fr) | 2021-01-27 |
Family
ID=63637948
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP19717190.3A Pending EP3768482A2 (fr) | 2018-03-23 | 2019-03-19 | Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensions |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11571839B2 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP3768482A2 (fr) |
JP (2) | JP2021518283A (fr) |
KR (1) | KR20200133765A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN111918756A (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3079163B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2019180371A2 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3121627B1 (fr) * | 2021-04-07 | 2023-12-29 | Arkema France | Structure multicouche pour le transport ou le stockage de l’hydrogene |
Family Cites Families (34)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2579133B1 (fr) | 1985-03-25 | 1987-09-25 | Atochem | Materiau composite polymere thermoplastique renforce de fibres, son procede de fabrication |
FR2613661B1 (fr) | 1987-04-09 | 1989-10-06 | Atochem | Procede de fabrication de profiles de resine thermoplastique renforces de fibres continues, appareillage pour leur obtention |
FR2625705B1 (fr) | 1988-01-11 | 1990-04-27 | Arjomari Prioux | Feuille de materiau thermoplastique renforce et son procede de preparation |
FR2648957B1 (fr) | 1989-06-22 | 1991-11-15 | France Etat Armement | Materiau composite a caracteristiques modulables par preimpregnation d'une fibre continue |
US5128199A (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1992-07-07 | Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University | Method for fiber coating with particles |
US5057338A (en) * | 1990-05-16 | 1991-10-15 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Process for application of powder particles to filamentary materials |
US5936861A (en) * | 1997-08-15 | 1999-08-10 | Nanotek Instruments, Inc. | Apparatus and process for producing fiber reinforced composite objects |
JP3876276B2 (ja) | 2001-12-21 | 2007-01-31 | 福井県 | 熱可塑性樹脂プリプレグシート材の製造装置及びその製造方法 |
US20030175520A1 (en) * | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-18 | Grutta James T. | Formed composite structural members and methods and apparatus for making the same |
FR2858626B1 (fr) | 2003-08-05 | 2005-10-07 | Atofina | Polyamides semi aromatiques souple a faible reprise en humidite |
JP2008514458A (ja) * | 2004-09-24 | 2008-05-08 | 伊藤忠商事株式会社 | 薄肉プライラミネート |
JP5250986B2 (ja) * | 2007-03-20 | 2013-07-31 | 東レ株式会社 | プリプレグおよび繊維強化複合材料 |
ES2624694T3 (es) | 2007-03-20 | 2017-07-17 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Material de moldeo, preimpregnado, material compuesto reforzado con fibras y proceso para la producción de un material de base de moldeo reforzado con fibras |
RU2572892C2 (ru) * | 2010-06-11 | 2016-01-20 | ТИКОНА ЭлЭлСи | Конструктивный элемент, изготовленный из сплошного линейного профиля |
EP2589475B1 (fr) * | 2010-06-30 | 2020-06-17 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Procédé et appareil pour la production d'un préimprégné en forme de feuille |
FR2967371B1 (fr) | 2010-11-17 | 2014-04-25 | Arkema France | Procede de fabrication de materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermodurcissable |
CN102858879B (zh) | 2011-04-12 | 2013-12-04 | 三菱瓦斯化学株式会社 | 聚酰胺树脂系复合材料及其制造方法 |
CN103608386B (zh) | 2011-06-24 | 2015-09-30 | 东丽株式会社 | 成型材料和使用其的成型方法、成型材料的制造方法以及纤维强化复合材料的制造方法 |
JP5589974B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-24 | 2014-09-17 | 東レ株式会社 | 繊維強化複合材料の製造方法 |
FR2981653B1 (fr) | 2011-10-25 | 2014-08-22 | Arkema France | Materiau composite thermoplastique renforce de fibres synthetiques et procede de fabrication |
CN108192278B (zh) | 2011-12-09 | 2020-12-29 | 提克纳有限责任公司 | 不对称纤维增强聚合物带材 |
JP2013203941A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd | 炭素繊維プリプレグ、炭素繊維プリプレグテープ、炭素繊維強化複合材料、ならびに炭素繊維強化複合材料を用いた自動車用部品 |
PL2810983T3 (pl) * | 2013-06-06 | 2016-06-30 | Ems Patent Ag | Poliamidowe masy formierskie, wzmacniane włóknami szklanymi, zabezpieczone przed działaniem płomieni |
FR3017329B1 (fr) | 2014-02-13 | 2016-07-29 | Arkema France | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique en lit fluidise |
FR3019828B1 (fr) * | 2014-04-15 | 2020-09-18 | Arkema France | Composition et procede pour materiau composite avec impregnation par composition reactive d'un prepolymere polyamide et d'un allongeur de chaine diepoxyde |
CN106459436B (zh) | 2014-04-24 | 2020-04-14 | 帝人株式会社 | 具有端表面的碳纤维强化树脂加工制品及其制造方法 |
JP6286301B2 (ja) | 2014-06-30 | 2018-02-28 | サンコロナ小田株式会社 | 一方向性繊維強化テープ状複合材の製造方法、製造装置及び当該テープ状複合材を使用したランダムシートの製造方法 |
JP6638131B2 (ja) | 2014-07-08 | 2020-01-29 | 福井県 | 擬似等方補強シート材及びその製造方法 |
FR3027546B1 (fr) | 2014-10-24 | 2017-07-21 | Porcher Ind | Meches poudrees par procede electrostatique |
EP3095901B1 (fr) * | 2015-05-20 | 2023-01-18 | Tape Weaving Sweden AB | Tissu tissé sans espace composé de chaînes et de trames en forme de bandes |
JP6535218B2 (ja) | 2015-05-22 | 2019-06-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | テープ状プリプレグ及び繊維強化成形体 |
FR3039554B1 (fr) * | 2015-07-29 | 2018-12-07 | Arkema France | Procede pour materiau fibreux pre-impregne par un polymere thermoplastique a l'aide d'un polymere a cristaux liquides |
FR3053696B1 (fr) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-07-06 | Arkema France | Composition de polyamide semi-cristallin de haute temperature de transition vitreuse pour materiau composite, son procede de fabrication et ses utilisations |
FR3067961B1 (fr) | 2017-06-22 | 2020-11-06 | Arkema France | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux impregne de polymere thermoplastique |
-
2018
- 2018-03-23 FR FR1852552A patent/FR3079163B1/fr active Active
-
2019
- 2019-03-19 WO PCT/FR2019/050621 patent/WO2019180371A2/fr active Application Filing
- 2019-03-19 US US17/040,307 patent/US11571839B2/en active Active
- 2019-03-19 CN CN201980021493.8A patent/CN111918756A/zh active Pending
- 2019-03-19 EP EP19717190.3A patent/EP3768482A2/fr active Pending
- 2019-03-19 KR KR1020207029728A patent/KR20200133765A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2019-03-19 JP JP2020549763A patent/JP2021518283A/ja active Pending
-
2024
- 2024-02-13 JP JP2024019236A patent/JP2024069200A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20200133765A (ko) | 2020-11-30 |
US11571839B2 (en) | 2023-02-07 |
JP2021518283A (ja) | 2021-08-02 |
FR3079163B1 (fr) | 2021-10-15 |
WO2019180371A3 (fr) | 2019-12-05 |
JP2024069200A (ja) | 2024-05-21 |
WO2019180371A2 (fr) | 2019-09-26 |
FR3079163A1 (fr) | 2019-09-27 |
CN111918756A (zh) | 2020-11-10 |
US20210086403A1 (en) | 2021-03-25 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP3393738B1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau fibreux pré-imprégné de polymère thermoplastique en lit fluidise | |
EP3418323B1 (fr) | Materiau fibreux impregne de polymere thermoplastique | |
EP3418019B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux impregne de polymere thermoplastique | |
EP3558612B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique sous forme de poudre | |
EP3418014B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux impregne de polymere thermoplastique | |
WO2018115738A1 (fr) | Procédé de fabrication d'un matériau fibreux pré-imprégné de polymère thermoplastique sous forme de poudre sèche | |
EP3558614A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux pre-impregne de polymere thermoplastique par projection | |
EP3887115B1 (fr) | Procede d'impregnation d'un materiau fibreux en lit fluidise interpenetre | |
EP3670130B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication d'un materiau fibreux impregne de polymere thermoplastique | |
WO2019180370A1 (fr) | MATERIAU FIBREUX IMPREGNE DE POLYMERE THERMOPLASTIQUE D'EPAISSEUR INFERIEURE OU EGALE A 100µM ET SON PROCEDE DE PREPARATION | |
WO2019180371A2 (fr) | Nappe de materiau fibreux impregne, son procede de fabrication et son utilisation pour la fabrication de pieces composites en trois dimensions |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20200924 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20230918 |