EP3717553A1 - Pesu-partikelschäume für anwendungen im luftfahrt-interieur - Google Patents

Pesu-partikelschäume für anwendungen im luftfahrt-interieur

Info

Publication number
EP3717553A1
EP3717553A1 EP18800669.6A EP18800669A EP3717553A1 EP 3717553 A1 EP3717553 A1 EP 3717553A1 EP 18800669 A EP18800669 A EP 18800669A EP 3717553 A1 EP3717553 A1 EP 3717553A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pesu
particle foam
weight
foamed
foam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18800669.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Trassl
Denis HOLLEYN
Kay Bernhard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Evonik Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Evonik Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Operations GmbH filed Critical Evonik Operations GmbH
Publication of EP3717553A1 publication Critical patent/EP3717553A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

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    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
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    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/16—Making expandable particles
    • C08J9/18—Making expandable particles by impregnating polymer particles with the blowing agent
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    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/16—Unsaturated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/18—Binary blends of expanding agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2207/00—Foams characterised by their intended use
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2381/00—Characterised by the use of macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing sulfur with or without nitrogen, oxygen, or carbon only; Polysulfones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2381/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones

Definitions

  • PESU particle foams for applications in the aviation interior are PESU particle foams for applications in the aviation interior
  • Polymer foams based on polyethersulfone (PESU) fulfill the aviation requirements of the aviation industry. Especially the requirements of the fire behavior, the media resistance and the mechanics make a big difference here
  • suitable polymer foams are produced as semi-finished products.
  • Post-processing to moldings is uneconomical in terms of time and material utilization, such as e.g. due to large amounts of cut waste.
  • the invention solves this problem by the fact that the material suitable in principle can be processed into particle foam moldings. These moldings can be produced without reworking in short cycle times and thus economically. Furthermore, this opens up new possibilities of functional integration, such as by direct foaming of inserts, etc., and in terms of creative freedom.
  • PESU poly (oxy-1,4-phenylsulfonyl-1,4-phenyl)
  • porous membranes of such blends are described, for example, in EP 0 764 461.
  • Such membranes are made by casting from an aqueous polymer composition.
  • Foams made of PPSU or PES are known in principle, although not in mixture with each other. So in L. Sorrentino were: "Polymeric foams from high-performance
  • Blends containing either PPSU or PSE are known as it were, though information in the art is rare. Thus, both polymers are especially useful as a minor component, e.g. described in PS foams to affect the properties in these commodity materials. Foams containing PPSU or PES as the main component are only to be found in a few descriptions, such as the following:
  • WO 2015/097058 describes foams based on PPSU or PES containing at least 10% by weight of a polyolefin.
  • the phase-separating polyolefin acts primarily as a nucleating agent. In this case, more uniform pores are achieved, but without the flame retardancy or mechanical properties, such as
  • Foams a good combination of applicability at high temperatures, good mechanical properties, in particular with respect to the elongation at break and at least sufficient for many applications in the field of vehicle and aircraft construction
  • the foam should have a high resistance to various liquid, acidic, basic or hydrophobic liquids and to emulsions. Furthermore, from the composition to be developed by a variety of methods and with a wide range of three-dimensional shapes of the foam should be feasible and in the production of the final component as little or no waste as possible.
  • compositions for the production of temperature-resistant, flame-retardant show m materials for use in lightweight construction, especially in the aerospace industry, shipbuilding, automotive or rail vehicle.
  • This composition according to the invention for the production of foams is characterized in that it is a PESU particle foam having a glass transition temperature between 180 and 215 ° C. as foamed PESU and in which the mean cell diameter of the particle foam is less than 1000 ⁇ m, preferably less than 500 miti, more preferably less than 250 gm.
  • a cell is understood to be the region in a particle foam which is defined by foaming a single particle. This is particularly surprising since the actual glass transition temperature of the PESU is 225 ° C.
  • the material sample is held for at least 2 min at this temperature. Thereafter, it is again cooled to a temperature which is at least 20 ° C below the lowest to be determined glass transition or melting temperature, the cooling rate should be a maximum of 20 ° C / min, preferably a maximum of 10 ° C / min. After a further waiting time of a few minutes, the actual measurement takes place, in which the sample is heated to at least 20 ° C. above the highest melting or glass transition temperature at a heating rate of generally 10 ° C./min or less.
  • the composition according to the invention for the production of the PESU preferably consists of 80 to 99.5% by weight of PESU. Furthermore, this composition has 0.5 to 10% by weight, preferably 1 to 9% by weight of a blowing agent. In addition, among other things 0 to 10 wt%, preferably 1 to 5 wt% additives may be included.
  • the additives may in particular be flame retardant additives, plasticizers, pigments, UV stabilizers, nucleating agents, impact modifiers, adhesion promoters, rheology modifiers, chain extenders, fibers and / or nanoparticles.
  • phosphorus compounds in particular phosphates, phosphines or phosphites are used.
  • Suitable UV stabilizers or UV absorbers are generally known to the person skilled in the art.
  • HALS compounds Tiuvine or triazoles.
  • the impact modifiers used are generally polymer particles comprising an elastomer or soft phase. These are often core (shell) shell particles, with an outer shell that is as a maximum weakly crosslinked and as a pure polymer would have at least minimal miscibility with the blend of PES and PPSU.
  • all known pigments can be used as pigments.
  • the influence on the foaming process - as with all other additives used in larger amounts of more than 0.1% by weight - should be investigated. This is feasible for the skilled person with relatively little effort.
  • Suitable plasticizers, rheology modifiers and chain extenders are generally known to the person skilled in the art from the production of films, membranes or molded parts from PES, PPSU or blends of these two and can accordingly be applied to the
  • Preparation of a foam are transferred from the composition of the invention.
  • the fibers are usually known fiber materials, the one
  • Polymer composition can be added.
  • the fibers are PES, PPSU or blend fibers, the latter being PSE and PPSU.
  • the nanoparticles which can be present, for example, as tubes, flakes, rods, spheres or in other known forms, are generally inorganic materials. These can take on different functions in the finished foam. Thus, these particles partially act as nucleating agents during foaming. Furthermore, the particles can influence the mechanical properties as well as the (gas) diffusion properties of the foam. Furthermore, the particles additionally contribute to the low flammability.
  • phase-separating polymers can also be added as nucleating agents.
  • the polymers described are separated from the others in the consideration of the composition
  • Nucleating agents as these primarily affect the mechanical properties of the foam, the melt viscosity of the composition and thus the
  • the additives may optionally also contain up to 9% by weight of a second polymer component for adjusting the physical properties.
  • the additional polymers may be, for example, polyamides, polyolefins, in particular PP, PEEK, polyesters, in particular PET, other sulfur-based polymers, such as, for example, PSU, polyetherimides or polymethacrylimide.
  • blowing agent is relatively free and determined for the skilled person in particular by the chosen foaming method and the foaming temperature. Suitable for example
  • Alcohol e.g. Isopranol or butanol, ketones, such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, alkanes, such as iso- or n-butane, pentane, hexane, heptane or octane, alkenes, such as pentene, hexene, heptene or octene, CO2, N2, water , Ethers, such as diethyl ether, aldehydes, such as Formaldehyde or propanal, fluorinated (chlorinated) hydrocarbons, chemical blowing agents or mixtures of several of these substances.
  • ketones such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone
  • alkanes such as iso- or n-butane
  • pentane such as iso- or n-butane
  • pentane such as iso- or n-butane
  • the chemical blowing agents are less or non-volatile substances that are chemically decomposed under the foaming conditions and thereby the actual
  • Form blowing agent A very simple example of this is tert-butanol, which is under
  • Foaming conditions isobutene and water forms.
  • Further examples are NaHCO 3, citric acid or their derivatives, azodicarbonamide (ADC) or compounds thereof,
  • TSH Toluenesulfonylhydrazine
  • OBSH oxybis (benzosulfohydrozide)
  • 5-phenyltetrazole 5-PT
  • the PESU particle foam according to the invention has a tensile strength according to IS01926 greater than 0.5 MPa, an elongation at break according to IS01926 between 8 and 12%, a shear modulus according to ASTM C273 at room temperature greater than 8 MPa, a shear strength according to ASTM C273 at room temperature greater than 0.45 MPa , a pressure module according to ISO 844 at room temperature greater than 13 MPa and a compressive strength to ISO 844 at room temperature greater than 0.4 MPa.
  • a tensile strength according to IS01926 greater than 0.5 MPa an elongation at break according to IS01926 between 8 and 12%
  • a shear modulus according to ASTM C273 at room temperature greater than 8 MPa a shear strength according to ASTM C273 at room temperature greater than 0.45 MPa
  • a pressure module according to ISO 844 at room temperature greater than 13 MPa and a compressive strength to ISO 844 at room temperature greater than 0.4 MPa.
  • Aircraft's important fire safety regulations or fire characteristics according to FAR 25.852 is applicable.
  • the foams according to the invention preferably have a degree of foaming which constitutes a reduction of the density in relation to the pure blend of between 1 and 98%, preferably between 50 and 97%, particularly preferably between 70 and 95%.
  • the foam has a density between 20 and 1000 kg / m 3 , preferably 40 and 250 kg / m 3 .
  • PESU particle foam and process for its preparation are part of the present invention.
  • a composition consisting of 80 to 99.5% by weight of PESU, 0.5 to 10% by weight of blowing agent and 0 to 10% by weight of additives by means of an extruder
  • Perforated plate processed into a foamed granules The temperatures between feed zone and screw tip are in a range between 180 and 380 ° C. In most cases, there is no uniform temperature over this distance, but, for example, a gradient with increasing temperature in the conveying direction of the polymer melt.
  • the temperature of the perforated plate is between 300 and 350 ° C and the melt temperature when exiting through the perforated plate between 200 and 360 ° C.
  • the loading with the propellant takes place in the extruder.
  • the granules then foam on leaving the perforated plate.
  • the granules thus foamed are then preferably further foamed to form a particle foam.
  • the composition may be passed into an underwater granulator upon exiting the extruder. This is designed so with respect to a combination of temperature and pressure that foaming is prevented. This procedure results in a granulate laden with propellant, which can later be foamed by renewed energy supply to the desired density and / or can be further processed under optional shaping to form a particle foam workpiece.
  • a composition consisting of 90 to 100% by weight of PESU and 0 to 10% by weight of additives is also initially processed into granules by means of an extruder with perforated plate, but not loaded with a blowing agent.
  • the temperatures, which are again not necessarily uniform, between the feed zone and the screw tip are in the range between 180 and 380.degree.
  • the temperature of the perforated plate between 300 and 350 ° C and the melt temperature at the exit through the perforated plate between 200 and 360 ° C.
  • the granules are then loaded in an autoclave with a propellant so that it contains between 0.5 and 10 wt% propellant.
  • the propellant loaded granules can then be foamed by relaxing and / or by heating to a temperature of about 200 ° C to a particle foam.
  • Polymer compositions are known, in particular with respect to methods for
  • thermoplastic foams are applicable to the present composition.
  • the composition may be foamed at a temperature between 150 and 250 ° C and a pressure between 0.1 and 2 bar.
  • the actual foaming takes place, if not in connection to the extrusion, at a temperature between 180 and 230 ° C in a normal pressure atmosphere.
  • a composition still without propellant, in an autoclave at a temperature e.g. between 20 and 120 ° C and a pressure e.g. between 30 and 100 bar applied to the propellant and then foamed by lowering the pressure and raising the temperature to the foaming temperature in the autoclave.
  • a pressure e.g. between 30 and 100 bar applied to the propellant and then foamed by lowering the pressure and raising the temperature to the foaming temperature in the autoclave.
  • Welded means that by heating the components, an adhesion between the materials, e.g. by partially filling open pores on the foam surface with cover material.
  • the cover material can be wood, metals, decorative films, composite materials, prepregs or other known materials.
  • the produced particle foam can alternatively in the presence of a
  • Covering material are foamed so that it is connected to this by means of gluing or welding.
  • the PESU can alternatively also be discharged from the extruder into an optionally heated mold, optionally containing cover materials. This is under molding to a
  • Foamed particle foam or a composite material Foamed particle foam or a composite material.
  • Composition are discharged at the exit from the extruder in a foam injection device. In this device is then foamed directly under shaping.
  • the particle foams or composite materials can be provided with inlets during foaming and / or channels can be incorporated into the particle foam.
  • foams of the invention or the foams produced by the process according to the invention find particular in the construction of space or
  • Aircraft especially in their interior use. That can do that
  • Particle foams produced by the process of the invention or not, as well as the composite materials realized therefrom include. Especially because of the heavy
  • Flammability foams of the invention can also be installed in the interior of these vehicles.
  • the HT foams produced according to the invention can be further processed into foam moldings or foam core composite materials.
  • foam moldings or foam core composite materials may in particular be used in series production, e.g. for bodywork or interior trim in the automotive industry, interior parts in
  • Rail vehicle or shipbuilding in the aerospace industry, in mechanical engineering, at the manufacture of sports equipment, in furniture construction or in the construction of wind turbines.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
EP18800669.6A 2017-11-27 2018-11-19 Pesu-partikelschäume für anwendungen im luftfahrt-interieur Withdrawn EP3717553A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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EP17203688 2017-11-27
PCT/EP2018/081689 WO2019101667A1 (de) 2017-11-27 2018-11-19 Pesu-partikelschäume für anwendungen im luftfahrt-interieur

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AU (1) AU2018371107A1 (ko)
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CA (1) CA3083553A1 (ko)
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AU2021328002A1 (en) * 2020-08-18 2023-05-04 Evonik Operations Gmbh Production of high temperature polymer based pellets by underwater pelletization at elevated water temperature to produce (rigid) bead foams

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WO2019101667A1 (de) 2019-05-31
KR20200084898A (ko) 2020-07-13
MA49867A1 (fr) 2020-12-31
AU2018371107A1 (en) 2020-07-09
MX2020005297A (es) 2020-08-13
TW201925295A (zh) 2019-07-01
US20210095092A1 (en) 2021-04-01
ZA202003832B (en) 2022-03-30
IL274859A (en) 2020-07-30
CA3083553A1 (en) 2019-05-31
JP2021504523A (ja) 2021-02-15
BR112020010372A2 (pt) 2020-10-20

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