EP3699942B1 - Einschaltsystem einer vakuumschaltröhre - Google Patents

Einschaltsystem einer vakuumschaltröhre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3699942B1
EP3699942B1 EP19215176.9A EP19215176A EP3699942B1 EP 3699942 B1 EP3699942 B1 EP 3699942B1 EP 19215176 A EP19215176 A EP 19215176A EP 3699942 B1 EP3699942 B1 EP 3699942B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
coil
circuit
movable electrode
core
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19215176.9A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3699942A1 (de
Inventor
Mathieu BONO
Eloïse BONJEAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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Schneider Electric Industries SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H01H33/6661—Combination with other type of switch, e.g. for load break switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/666—Operating arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
    • H01H33/664—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings
    • H01H33/6647—Contacts; Arc-extinguishing means, e.g. arcing rings having fixed middle contact and two movable contacts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
    • H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H7/00—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts
    • H01H7/08—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts with timing by mechanical speed-control devices
    • H01H7/10—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts with timing by mechanical speed-control devices by escapement
    • H01H7/12—Devices for introducing a predetermined time delay between the initiation of the switching operation and the opening or closing of the contacts with timing by mechanical speed-control devices by escapement mechanical

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a system for actuating a vacuum interrupter for the purpose of opening an electrical circuit in an electrical device of medium voltage or high voltage, that is to say an apparatus operating at a voltage greater than 1000V.
  • the invention also relates to an electrical device comprising such an actuation system for at least one of its phases.
  • the term electrical device interchangeably includes several types of devices such as a switch, a circuit breaker, a contactor, a fuse switch, a recloser, a disconnector, etc.
  • a medium voltage or high voltage electrical device of the type described in the document EP2182536 comprises a vacuum interrupter which is placed not in the main circuit comprising the main switch of one phase of the apparatus, but in a parallel branch of this main switch. When the main switch is closed, therefore, no current flows into the vacuum interrupter. This is only requested during an opening operation of the main circuit, with the aid of a main switch opening mechanism which first makes it possible to switch the current from the main circuit to the bypass, this allows the main switch to be opened while the current is flowing fully through the vacuum interrupter. This is then opened in turn by the opening mechanism.
  • the vacuum interrupter receives a current only during the opening phase of the main phase circuit, and not when the main switch is closed.
  • the bulb is not stressed during a closing operation of the main circuit and it does not have to withstand any short-circuit current either, in particular when the electrical appliance is a switch. It just needs to be able to withstand a transient recovery voltage TTR (or Transient Recovery Voltage - TRV) after the power is cut in the main circuit.
  • TTR Transient Recovery Voltage - TRV
  • the vacuum interrupter can advantageously be simplified and made of a much smaller size compared to a conventional architecture in which the vacuum interrupter would be placed in the main circuit of the electrical apparatus.
  • the opening mechanism which makes it possible to switch the current from the main circuit to the bypass and then to open the vacuum interrupter placed in the bypass must be very precise and reproducible to ensure on the one hand that, for each phase, the vacuum interrupter is only opened correctly once the main switch is already sufficiently open so as not to risk an electric arc on the main switch by re-ignition or re-ignition under the effect of voltage TTR, and on the other hand that the vacuum interrupters of the different phases of the device are open simultaneously.
  • the document EP3300097 already describes such an opening mechanism. It comprises in particular a device for driving the mobile electrode of the vacuum interrupter.
  • This drive device is actuated by the movable contact of the main switch using a movable paddle.
  • the drive device then drives the movable electrode to the open position, via an adjusting nut to precisely adjust the movement of the movable electrode.
  • This training device however comprises a certain number of small mechanical parts which require precise adjustments to obtain good reproducibility of the system.
  • one of the challenges of such an actuation system is to achieve performance in accordance with the standards in force for the devices concerned.
  • Another issue is to minimize the number of requests for the vacuum interrupter.
  • the vacuum interrupter should preferably open only if there is really an active load in the main circuit and that the current exceeds the breaking capacity of the main moving contact. This also avoids opening the vacuum interrupter systematically at each opening movement even in the absence of main current, which advantageously reduces its use and further simplifies its design.
  • WO 2016/169826 A1 describes a system for actuating a vacuum interrupter of an electrical appliance according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • One of the aims of the invention is therefore to find a simple, reliable and economical system which, on the one hand, makes it possible to avoid the constraints of precise mechanical adjustments of the parts involved in the opening of a vacuum interrupter placed in bypass. of a main circuit of an electrical appliance, and which on the other hand makes it possible to minimize the number of openings of the vacuum interrupter by opening only if necessary, that is to say only if the current flowing in the main circuit of the electrical appliance is greater than a predetermined threshold, corresponding for example to the breaking capacity of the main contact.
  • the core drives the movable electrode towards the open position when the current passes through the coil for at least a predetermined time.
  • the core is mechanically linked to the mobile electrode by means of a buffer device.
  • the buffer device comprises a pusher connected to the core and cooperating with a drive part connected to the movable electrode.
  • the pusher drives the drive part after having first made a distance D between the pusher and one side of the drive part. Said predetermined duration is determined by the distance D.
  • the actuation system comprises an electronic circuit placed as a bypass from the coil and comprising an electronic switch, so that the electronic switch is in the closed position and bypasses the coil as long as the value of the current flowing through the coil. electronic circuit does not reach the predetermined threshold.
  • the actuation system also comprises a short-circuit device which short-circuits the coil on itself when the vacuum interrupter is in the open position.
  • the invention also describes an electrical device comprising at least one main phase switch and a vacuum interrupter placed bypassing the main phase switch, and comprising such a system for actuating the vacuum interrupter.
  • the device preferably comprises a vacuum interrupter bypassing each main switch and therefore a system for actuating the bulb. empty for each phase.
  • the figure 1 shows a switch circuit of a phase of an electrical appliance comprising a main circuit 10, a main fixed contact 12 and a main movable contact 14 (also called the movable knife 14 below).
  • the switch circuit also comprises a branch circuit 11 which is connected in parallel with the main circuit 10, between an upstream connection point 15 and a branch contact 13.
  • This branch circuit 11 comprises a vacuum interrupter 20 having a fixed electrode 21 conductive (also called fixed rod) and a movable conductive electrode 22 (also called movable rod).
  • the movable knife 14 In the closed position of the main circuit 10, the movable knife 14 is in contact only with the main contact 12 and allows current to flow through the main circuit. No current therefore passes through the branch circuit 11.
  • the opening movement of the main circuit 10 takes place in several successive stages. During a first step, the movable knife 14 comes into contact with the bypass contact 13 while also remaining in contact with the main contact 12, as indicated in figure 2 . Then in a following step, the movable knife 14 separates from the main contact 12 and remains in contact with the bypass contact 13, as indicated in the figures 3 and 4 . Then in a last step, to reach the open position of the main circuit 10, the movable knife 14 also separates from the bypass contact 13, as shown in figure 5 .
  • the switch circuit could also include an earthing contact (not shown in the figures) that the movable knife 14 would reach at the end of the open position.
  • the electrode 22 of the vacuum interrupter 20 is movable along a longitudinal axis X between a closed position in which the two electrodes 21, 22 are in contact with each other and an open position in which the two electrodes 21 , 22 are separated.
  • the fixed electrode 21 is connected with the upstream connection point 15.
  • the vacuum interrupter 20 also comprises a return spring (not shown in the figures) to effect the closing movement of the ampoule, c 'that is to say return the movable electrode 22 to its closed position.
  • the vacuum interrupter actuation system comprises an electromagnet having an excitation coil 30 surrounding a metallic movable core 31 which is actuated when a current passes through the coil 30.
  • the coil 30 is connected to it. '' one side to the bypass contact 13 and the other side to the movable electrode 22 at a so-called intermediate connection point 24 (see figure 2 ).
  • the coil 30 receives current if the vacuum interrupter is in the closed position and if the movable knife 14 is in contact with the bypass contact 13.
  • the core moves along the longitudinal axis X in the direction of the opening of the vacuum interrupter 20.
  • a return spring (not shown in the figures) returns the core 31 to an initial rest position.
  • the movable core 31 of the electromagnet is mechanically linked to the movable electrode 22, such that it drives the movable electrode 22 towards the open position when a sufficient current flows in the coil 30.
  • this mechanical connection is made by means of a buffer device 25 which is designed so that the core 31 effectively drives the movable electrode 22 only when a sufficient current, greater than a predetermined threshold, has flowed in the coil 30 for a predetermined duration, so as to confer sufficient kinetic energy on the mobile core.
  • the intermediate connection point 24 is located between the mobile electrode 22 and this buffer device 25.
  • the conductor which connects the intermediate connection point 24 to the coil 30 can be flexible to facilitate the movement of the mobile electrode 22.
  • the buffer device is of mechanical design and comprises a pusher 26 connected to the core 31 and a drive part 27 connected to the movable electrode 22 which cooperates with the pusher 26.
  • the drive part 27 is for example rectangular in shape. and comprises a first transverse side 28 and a second transverse side 29 opposite, forming a space in which is housed one end of the pusher 26.
  • the first transverse side 28 is connected to the movable electrode 22.
  • the second transverse side 29 is recessed in its middle to allow the pusher 26 to slide along the longitudinal axis X relative to the part 27.
  • the buffer device is of electronic design and comprises an electronic circuit 33 in parallel with the coil 30 connected for example between the bypass contact 13 and the intermediate connection point 24.
  • This electronic circuit 33 controls the power supply to the coil.
  • coil 30 because it comprises an electronic switch, for example of the thyristor type, which makes it possible to shunt coil 30 or not, depending on whether the electronic switch is closed or open.
  • the electronic circuit switch 33 When the main circuit of the device is closed, the electronic circuit switch 33 is closed and the coil 30 is therefore bypassed, because its impedance is higher. Thus, during the opening movement of the main circuit 10, the bypass current which begins to flow in the bypass circuit will mainly flow directly in the electronic circuit 33, without passing through the coil 30.
  • the electronic circuit 33 detects that the value of the bypass current reaches a predetermined sufficient threshold, it commands the opening of its electronic switch.
  • the coil 30 is then supplied, which will make it possible to drive the core 31 and to open the vacuum interrupter 20.
  • the electronic circuit 33 is designed to supply the coil 30, via an opening command of its. electronic switch, only when a certain sufficient current value is reached. It can also wait for current to flow through the branch circuit. for a sufficiently long period of time thus allowing switching in the branch circuit.
  • the electronic circuit switch 33 will then return to its closed position only once the final position of the opening movement of the main circuit has been reached.
  • the electronic circuit 33 can be either self-powered, powered during switching and therefore be normally closed, or alternatively be powered by an external source.

Landscapes

  • High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)

Claims (9)

  1. Betätigungssystem einer Vakuumröhre (20) einer elektrischen Vorrichtung, wobei die Vakuumröhre als Abzweigung eines Hauptschaltkreises (10) einer Phase der elektrischen Vorrichtung angeschlossen ist und eine bewegliche Elektrode (22) und eine feste Elektrode (21) umfasst, wobei die bewegliche Elektrode zwischen einer geschlossenen Position, in der die zwei Elektroden miteinander in Kontakt stehen, und einer offenen Position, in der die zwei Elektroden getrennt sind, beweglich ist, das Betätigungssystem umfassend
    - einen Abzweigungskontakt (13), der bei einer Öffnungsbewegung der elektrischen Vorrichtung mit einem beweglichen Kontakt (14) des Hauptschaltkreises (10) angeschlossen ist,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Betätigungssystem Folgendes umfasst:
    - einen Elektromagneten, dessen Spule (30) zwischen der beweglichen Elektrode (22) und dem Abzweigungskontakt (13) angeschlossen ist, und dessen Kern (31) mechanisch mit der beweglichen Elektrode (22) verbunden ist, so dass der Kern (31) die bewegliche Elektrode (22) nur dann zur offenen Position antreibt, wenn der Wert des Stroms, der die Spule (30) durchfließt, eine vorbestimmte Schwelle erreicht.
  2. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (31) die bewegliche Elektrode (22) zur offenen Position antreibt, wenn der Strom die Spule (30) während wenigstens einer vorbestimmten Dauer durchfließt.
  3. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kern (31) durch eine Puffereinrichtung (25) mechanisch mit der beweglichen Elektrode (22) verbunden ist.
  4. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Puffereinrichtung (25) einen Drücker (26) umfasst, der mit dem Kern (31) verbunden ist und mit einem Antriebsteil (27) zusammenwirkt, das mit der beweglichen Elektrode (22) verbunden ist.
  5. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass während der Öffnungsbewegung der elektrischen Vorrichtung der Drücker (26) das Antriebsteil (27) antreibt, nachdem er zuvor eine Strecke (D) zwischen dem Drücker (26) und einer Seite (29) des Antriebsteils (27) zurückgelegt hat.
  6. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorbestimmte Dauer von der Strecke (D) bestimmt ist.
  7. Betätigungssystem nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen elektronischen Schaltkreis (33) umfasst, der als Abzweigung der Spule (30) platziert ist und einen elektronischen Schalter umfasst, so dass sich der elektronische Schalter in der geschlossenen Position befindet und die Spule (30) shuntet, solange der Wert des Stroms, der den elektronischen Schaltkreis (33) durchfließt, nicht die vorbestimmte Schwelle erreicht.
  8. Betätigungssystem nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es ebenfalls eine Kurzschlussvorrichtung aufweist, die die Spule (30) mit sich selbst kurzschließt, wenn sich die Vakuumröhre (20) in der offenen Position befindet.
  9. Elektrische Vorrichtung, die mit einem Phasenhauptschalter und einer Vakuumröhre, die als Abzweigung des Phasenhauptschalters platziert ist, versehen ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die elektrische Vorrichtung ein Betätigungssystem der Vakuumröhre nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche aufweist.
EP19215176.9A 2019-02-25 2019-12-11 Einschaltsystem einer vakuumschaltröhre Active EP3699942B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1901870A FR3093226B1 (fr) 2019-02-25 2019-02-25 Système d'actionnement pour une ampoule à vide

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3699942A1 EP3699942A1 (de) 2020-08-26
EP3699942B1 true EP3699942B1 (de) 2021-06-16

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19215176.9A Active EP3699942B1 (de) 2019-02-25 2019-12-11 Einschaltsystem einer vakuumschaltröhre

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US (1) US10916393B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3699942B1 (de)
CN (1) CN111613478A (de)
FR (1) FR3093226B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3121267A1 (fr) 2021-03-24 2022-09-30 Schneider Electric Industries Sas Système de coupure d’un appareil électrique

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH312401A (de) * 1953-03-25 1955-12-31 Fkg Ag Verfahren zur Schaffung günstiger Ausschaltbedingungen für einen elektrischen Schalter
DE4015979C2 (de) * 1990-05-18 1998-04-30 Sachsenwerk Ag Schalterkombination für Lastschaltanlagen
JP2002124158A (ja) * 2000-10-16 2002-04-26 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 開閉装置
WO2007108063A1 (ja) * 2006-03-17 2007-09-27 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha 状態把握装置およびこの状態把握装置を備えた開閉制御装置
FR2937786B1 (fr) 2008-10-29 2010-12-24 Areva T & D Sa Interrupteur de courant sur une ligne electrique comprenant une ampoule a vide
FR2946180B1 (fr) * 2009-05-26 2012-12-14 Areva T & D Sa Dispositif d'accrochage et de verrouillage interne a un interrupteur ou a un disjoncteur.
US9837229B2 (en) * 2011-06-24 2017-12-05 Tavrida Electric Holding Ag Method and apparatus for controlling circuit breaker operation
DE102011078659B3 (de) * 2011-07-05 2012-11-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Antrieb für ein Schaltgerät
US9905348B2 (en) * 2013-03-13 2018-02-27 Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Electromagnetic operating device
DE102015106178A1 (de) 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 Maschinenfabrik Reinhausen Gmbh Laststufenschalter
FR3056823B1 (fr) 2016-09-23 2018-10-12 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Systeme d'actionnement d'une ampoule a vide

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN111613478A (zh) 2020-09-01
EP3699942A1 (de) 2020-08-26
FR3093226A1 (fr) 2020-08-28
US10916393B2 (en) 2021-02-09
FR3093226B1 (fr) 2021-01-22
US20200273646A1 (en) 2020-08-27

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