EP3694786A1 - Élément structurel, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structurel et son utilisation - Google Patents

Élément structurel, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structurel et son utilisation

Info

Publication number
EP3694786A1
EP3694786A1 EP18866995.6A EP18866995A EP3694786A1 EP 3694786 A1 EP3694786 A1 EP 3694786A1 EP 18866995 A EP18866995 A EP 18866995A EP 3694786 A1 EP3694786 A1 EP 3694786A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
structural element
stiffening structure
plate
plate surfaces
stiffeners
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18866995.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3694786A4 (fr
Inventor
Veikko Olkkonen
Ville IMMONEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kompopat Oy
Original Assignee
Kompopat Oy
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kompopat Oy filed Critical Kompopat Oy
Publication of EP3694786A1 publication Critical patent/EP3694786A1/fr
Publication of EP3694786A4 publication Critical patent/EP3694786A4/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/38—Details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/003—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/0032—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of a single element
    • B65D19/0036—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces
    • B65D19/004—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces the base surface being made of a single element forming discontinuous or non-planar contact surfaces and each contact surface having a discrete foot-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D16/00—Producing articles with corrugations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D19/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D19/0004—Rigid pallets without side walls
    • B65D19/0006—Rigid pallets without side walls the load supporting surface being made of a single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/026—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or slabs of plastic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/12—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with wooden beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
    • E04B5/02—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units
    • E04B5/14—Load-carrying floor structures formed substantially of prefabricated units with beams or girders laid in two directions
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/24—Elements for building-up floors, ceilings, roofs, arches, or beams
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
    • E04C2/32—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material
    • E04C2/326—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure formed of corrugated or otherwise indented sheet-like material; composed of such layers with or without layers of flat sheet-like material with corrugations, incisions or reliefs in more than one direction of the element
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00034—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00014—Materials for the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00039—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00069—Plastic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00009—Materials
    • B65D2519/00049—Materials for the base surface
    • B65D2519/00074—Agglomerates, i.e. different materials mixed together
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00263—Overall construction of the pallet
    • B65D2519/00268—Overall construction of the pallet made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00283—Overall construction of the load supporting surface
    • B65D2519/00288—Overall construction of the load supporting surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00318—Overall construction of the base surface made of one piece
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00313—Overall construction of the base surface
    • B65D2519/00328—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base
    • B65D2519/00338—Overall construction of the base surface shape of the contact surface of the base contact surface having a discrete foot-like shape
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00258—Overall construction
    • B65D2519/00398—Overall construction reinforcements
    • B65D2519/00402—Integral, e.g. ribs
    • B65D2519/00407—Integral, e.g. ribs on the load supporting surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/008—Drainage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D2519/00—Pallets or like platforms, with or without side walls, for supporting loads to be lifted or lowered
    • B65D2519/00004—Details relating to pallets
    • B65D2519/00736—Details
    • B65D2519/00935—Details with special means for nesting or stacking
    • B65D2519/0094—Details with special means for nesting or stacking nestable

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a structural element as defined in claim 1, to a method for manufacturing a structural element as defined in claim 12, and to the use thereof as defined in claim 14.
  • Transport platforms and loading pallets are typically formed from wood, paperboard or plastic. Transport platforms made from plastic are typically formed by injection moulding.
  • various structural elements are known for use for ex ⁇ ample as wall or floor structures.
  • An object of the invention is to disclose a new type of structural element. Further, an object of the invention is to disclose a structural element hav ⁇ ing improved stiffness characteristics relative to weight. Another object of the invention is to disclose a transport platform having good stiffness character ⁇ istics. One further object of the invention is to dis ⁇ close a new way of using waste and recycled material as a product.
  • the structural element, the method for manu ⁇ facturing a structural element, and the use thereof according to the invention are characterized by the features disclosed in the claims.
  • the structural element is based on the fea ⁇ ture of comprising a stiffening structure in at least two different cross-sectional shapes selected to be such that the stiffness of the structural element will be optimized, by configuring the locations of the parts of the stiffening structure with respect to the bending axis in such a way that the second moment of area of the product will be maximized at each inspect ⁇ ed cross-sectional point as well as in the stiffening structure.
  • the parts of the stiffening structure refer to the components belonging to the structure, as well as to the variously-shaped parts of the structure.
  • the structural element comprises a stiffening structure comprising an upper plane, a low- er plane, and a predetermined height configured ac ⁇ cording to the intended use between the upper and lower planes
  • the stiffening structure comprising stiff- eners preferably extending in at least two directions, e.g. in substantially longitudinal and transverse di- rections, in a 2-dimensional plane such as in the di ⁇ rection of the upper and lower planes, so as to form a predetermined pattern, preferably a regular pattern, between the upper and lower planes in the structure, for example as seen from the upper plane towards the lower plane of the stiffening structure.
  • the structural element and the stiffening structure com ⁇ prise plate-like parts arranged between the stiffeners to form plate surfaces that are substantially perpen ⁇ dicular relative to the stiffeners.
  • the plate-like parts, such as first plate surfaces, are arranged in the height direction of the stiffening structure at least above or below its mean height.
  • the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts, such as second plate surfac- es, between the stiffeners are arranged on the oppo ⁇ site side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the above-mentioned plate surfaces, such as the first plate surfaces, in the rest of the stiffening structure in order to in ⁇ crease stiffness relative to the weight of the struc- tural element.
  • the structural element comprises at least two parts of the stiffening structure where the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts, e.g.
  • the structural element is mono- lithic, and is formed from one part.
  • the structural element refers to a flat, a pallet-type or suchlike element compris ⁇ ing an upper surface, a lower surface, and a specific height between the upper and lower surfaces.
  • the structural element is described as being arranged in a horizontal plane and comprising an upper surface, a lower surface, and a specific height between the upper and lower surfaces.
  • the structural element is also arrangeable to another plane or position, e.g. to a vertical plane, such as to a vertical position, to suit the intended use.
  • the structural element comprises at least the stiffening structure, its upper plane forming the upper surface of the structural element and its lower plane forming the lower surface of the structural element.
  • the stiffening structure may also have a flat, a pallet- type or suchlike shape.
  • the upper plane of the stiff ⁇ ening structure may be open, covered, partly open, or partly covered.
  • the lower plane of the stiffening structure may be open, covered, partly open, or partly covered.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the structur- al element may be open, covered, partly open, or part ⁇ ly covered.
  • the structural element may comprise vari ⁇ ous perforations, holes, weakenings, or other corre ⁇ sponding structural configurations.
  • the structural element comprises legs.
  • the structural element may comprise other parts, e.g. a deck plate or a base plate.
  • the upper or lower surface of the structural element may be covered with a separate deck or base plate.
  • the structural element may have any shape and any height, depending on the intended use.
  • the stiffening structure has a specific length and width as well as a specific height, and it comprises a predetermined pattern.
  • the stiffening structure may have any shape.
  • no filling material is arranged between the stiffeners of the stiffening structure.
  • the upper and lower planes of the stiffening structure are spaced from each other, and the height of the stiffening structure is configured accord ⁇ ing to the intended use.
  • the upper and lower surfaces of the structural element are spaced from each other, due to the stiffening structure.
  • the stiffener refers to any style of stiffener that may be used in providing a de ⁇ sired stiffening structure.
  • the stiffener is arranged in the stiffening structure in the direc ⁇ tion of height.
  • the stiffener is flat, and it has substantially the same height as the stiffening structure.
  • the dimensions of the stiffener, such as length, width and thickness may vary.
  • the stiffeners preferably form the pattern of the stiffen ⁇ ing structure.
  • the predetermined pattern re-fers to any pattern, preferably a 2-dimensional pat ⁇ tern, such as a grid-type pattern, a grid pattern, a pattern formed by circles, a honeycomb pattern or a corresponding pattern.
  • a 2-dimensional pat ⁇ tern such as a grid-type pattern, a grid pattern, a pattern formed by circles, a honeycomb pattern or a corresponding pattern.
  • the pattern may be any other pattern suited to the intended use.
  • the stiffening structure com- prises substantially longitudinal and lateral stiffeners in order to form a grid-type or a honeycomb-type pattern in the structure of the stiffening structure between the upper and lower planes of the stiffening structure.
  • the stiffeners are substantially straight longitudinal and lateral stiffeners.
  • the stiffeners are arranged to cross each other so as to form a lattice-shaped stiffening structure.
  • the stiffeners of the stiff ⁇ ening structure are arranged in the vertical direction and the plate-like parts are arranged in the horizontal direction in the structural element, when the structural element lies in the specified horizontal plane.
  • the material strengths may be opti ⁇ mized in the vertical and horizontal planes.
  • the plate-like parts arranged between the stiffeners may be parts with any thick ⁇ ness.
  • the thickness of the plate ⁇ like parts at different locations of the structural element may vary.
  • the plate-like parts at different locations of the structural element have substantially the same thickness.
  • the material strength of the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts that are subject to tension is greater than the material strength of the plate surfaces that are subject to pressing.
  • the structural element com ⁇ prises first and second plate surfaces in the stiffen ⁇ ing structure.
  • the plate surfaces arranged between the stiffeners, such as the first and second plate surfaces are substantially perpendicular relative to the stiffeners, e.g. to the surface of the stiffeners.
  • the plate sur ⁇ faces arranged between the stiffeners, such as the first plate surfaces are arranged at a substantially different height, such as in a different horizontal plane relative to height, than the plate surfaces formed in part of the stiffening structure, such as the second plate surfaces.
  • the first and second plate surfaces are spaced from each other in different horizontal planes.
  • the first plate surfaces are arranged, in the height di ⁇ rection of the stiffening structure, at least above the mean height between the stiffeners, and the second plate surfaces are arranged below the mean height.
  • the first plate surfaces are arranged, in the height direction of the stiffening structure, at least below the mean height between the stiffeners, and the second plate surfaces are arranged above the mean height.
  • the mean height is the so-called neutral axis. It is advantageous that the first and second plate surfaces lie on different sides of the mean height, i.e. the neutral axis, in the height direction of the stiffening structure.
  • the first and second plate surfaces are spaced from each other and lie on different sides of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure.
  • the spacing of the first and second plate surfaces from the neutral axis may be asymmetrical. Alternatively the spacing of the first and second plate surfaces from the neutral axis may be symmetrical. The spacing between the first and second plate surfaces may vary depending on the intended use. Also the spacing of the first and second plate surfaces from the neutral axis may vary depending on the intended use.
  • the plate surface may be arranged right in con- nection or at the same height with the upper or lower plane of the stiffening structure. In one embodiment the plate surface may be arranged at a distance from the upper or lower plane of the stiffening structure. In one embodiment the plate surface may be arranged at a distance from the mean height, i.e.
  • the neutral ax ⁇ is, in the height direction of the stiffening struc ⁇ ture.
  • the stiffness of the stiffening structure may be significantly in ⁇ creased relative to the weight of the structural ele ⁇ ment.
  • the high stiffness and high second moment of ar ⁇ ea are provided with a combination of the stiffeners and the plate surfaces at different heights.
  • At least part of the upper surface of the structural element is a planar surface.
  • at least one plate-like part is ar ⁇ ranged over the stiffening structure in order to form a planar surface.
  • at least one plate ⁇ like part is arranged in connection with the upper plane of the stiffening structure between the stiffeners in order to form a planar surface.
  • At least part of the lower surface of the structural element is a planar surface.
  • at least one plate-like part is ar ⁇ ranged under the stiffening structure in order to form a planar surface.
  • at least one plate ⁇ like part is arranged in connection with the lower plane of the stiffening structure between the stiffeners in order to form a planar surface.
  • the structural element comprises more than one parts of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts be ⁇ tween the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiff ⁇ ening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure.
  • the struc- tural element comprises at least two parts of the stiff ⁇ ening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure.
  • the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure may be positioned in any location of the structural element, depending on the intended use.
  • the number of the first and second plate surfaces in the structural element may vary.
  • Al ⁇ so the number of the parts of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the oppo ⁇ site side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure relative to the parts of the rest of the stiffening structure may vary .
  • the structural element com- prises at least one attachment point and/or leg.
  • the structural element comprises at least two legs arranged in connection with the structural element to extend to a distance from the lower surface of the structural element.
  • the structural element comprises two legs, for example elongated legs, arranged to extend substantially along the length or width of the structural element at its lower surface.
  • the structural element comprises at least four legs, for example square or circular legs, arranged substantially at the cor ⁇ ners of the structural element at its lower surface.
  • the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the oppo ⁇ site side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure is arranged be ⁇ tween or in connection with the attachment points and/or legs of the structural element in order to im ⁇ prove the stiffness and thereby also the carrying ca- pacity of the structural element.
  • the structural element comprises at least two attachment points and/or legs between or in connection with which is arranged the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiff ⁇ ening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure.
  • the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiff ⁇ ening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure, preferably when the struc- tural element comprises at least four legs.
  • At least one of the edges of the structural element is provided with the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure.
  • all of the edges of the structural element are provided with the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure, preferably in a way to surround the structural ele- ment .
  • the ratio of stiffness to the weight of the element is optimized by taking the in ⁇ tended use of the structural element into account.
  • the lightness of the structural element is achieved by the pattern of the stiffening structure and by the ratio of stiffeners to plate surfaces.
  • a good stiffness may be achieved 3-dimensionally, i.e. in the directions of length, width and height.
  • the upper surface of the structural element may be provided with a deck part in order to obtain a continuous planar surface at the surface of the structural element.
  • the lower surface of the structural element may be provided with a base part in order to obtain a continuous surface at the base of the structural element.
  • the deck part and/or base part is a separate part.
  • the structural element com- prises a plate surface on the side of the lower sur ⁇ face, and the plate surface on the side of the lower surface of the structural element is provided with at least one hole or opening for removing moisture or a liquid substance.
  • the opening may be any opening, hole, groove, lead-through or the like, through which a liquid or moisture is removable from the structural element .
  • the plate surface preferably any of the plate surfaces, e.g. the first or sec- ond plate surface, between the stiffeners is provided with at least one hole or opening for removing moisture or a liquid substance.
  • the structural element is substan ⁇ tially monolithic, preferably the structural element is formed from one part.
  • a monolithic structural element is formed by means of a mould, in one embodiment at least one mould, in order to manufacture the structural element as defined above.
  • the structural element is formed using a 1-piece mould, such as an open mould, e.g. with utilizing pressure.
  • the structural element is formed using a 2-piece mould, such as a 2-sided mould, comprising a lower part and an upper part of the mould, preferably with no other moving parts.
  • the structural element is formed using any suitable mould.
  • the structural element is formed using a mould and pressure.
  • the structural element is formed using a mould and positive pressure.
  • the structural element is formed using a mould and negative pressure.
  • the structural element is manufactured without using a core or a corresponding separate part of the mould.
  • the structural element is formed using a mould with a shaping method selected from a group comprising pressing, compression, mould forming, rotation moulding, injection moulding, 3D printing, other suitable shaping method or their combination.
  • the structural element is formed by a meth ⁇ od based on compression.
  • the struc ⁇ tural element is formed by a moulding method, e.g. by rotation moulding, injection moulding or other suitable moulding method.
  • the structural ele ⁇ ment is formed with no moving parts by injection moulding or other moulding method.
  • the structural element is formed by 3D printing.
  • the structural element may be manufactured us ⁇ ing any suitable mould and shaping method by which a monolithic structural element may be provided.
  • the structural element may be formed from any material suited for the intended use, such as from a predetermined material.
  • the structural ele ⁇ ment is formed from available waste or recycled materi ⁇ al.
  • the material comprises one or more material components.
  • the material comprises at least polymer material.
  • the material comprises at least fibre material, e.g. organic fibre material.
  • the material comprises at least polymer material and fibre materi ⁇ al.
  • the fibre material may be wood, wood-based material, textile, insulation wool, gypsum, synthetic fibre, mineral fibre, nanofiber, microfiber, glass fibre, carbon fibre, other corresponding fibre or their combinations.
  • the structural el ⁇ ement is formed from waste or recycled material compris ⁇ ing at least fibre material comprising at least wood, wood-based material, textile, insulation wool, gypsum, synthetic fibre, mineral fibre, nanofiber, microfiber, glass fibre, carbon fibre or their combinations.
  • the structural element is formed from waste or recycled material comprising at least polymer material and fibre material comprising at least wood, wood- based material, textile, insulation wool, gypsum, syn ⁇ thetic fibre, mineral fibre, nanofiber, microfiber, glass fibre, carbon fibre or their combinations.
  • the structural element may also include other material components besides waste or recycled material.
  • the structural element may also be formed from material also comprising large particles.
  • the source materi ⁇ al partly contains particles that are so large that some of the particles extend, in the finished struc- ture, from one edge of a stiffener's rib or other critical point to its other edge or nearly over the full thickness of that point, it significantly weakens the entire structure in the prior art structural con- figurations, such that the stiffness and strength of the structure are not sufficient.
  • a large parti ⁇ cle settles, in a way described above, at a stiffen- er' s rib or other critical point in a part of the structure that is subject to tension under load, it destroys the load carrying capacity of the structure. Thanks to the structural configuration according to the invention, this problem does not occur with the structure according to the invention.
  • the entire struc- tural element i.e. each part of the structural ele ⁇ ment, is formed from the same material.
  • support material, a support element or other additional element that may be different material than the rest of the structural element may be arranged in connection with, e.g. inside, the structural element in connection with the manufacture of the structural element.
  • a device or identifier fa ⁇ cilitating the monitoring of the structural element e.g. a RFID tag, may be arranged in connection with the structural element, e.g. inside the structural el ⁇ ement .
  • the structural element according to the in ⁇ vention may be used in various applications, and espe ⁇ cially in applications where it is necessary to achieve good stiffness relative to the weight of the structural element.
  • the structural element is used as a transport platform, a loading pallet, a wall structure, a floor structure, a deck structure in ships, a cargo bed in vehicles, a struc- ture in railroad cars, or in another structure requir ⁇ ing lightness and stiffness.
  • the structural element is used as a transport platform.
  • the transport platform may be any platform used for transport, a loading pal ⁇ let or the like.
  • the structural ele- ment is a transport platform comprising at least two legs arranged in connection with the structural ele ⁇ ment to extend to a distance from the lower surface of the structural element and spaced from each other.
  • the transport platform comprises two legs, for example elongated and parallel legs, ar ⁇ ranged to extend substantially along the length or width of the transport platform at the lower surface of the transport platform.
  • the transport platform comprises at least four legs, for example square or circular legs, arranged substantial ⁇ ly at the corners of the transport platform at the lower surface of the transport platform.
  • the transport platform comprises at least three legs arranged to extend substantially along the length or width of the transport platform at the lower surface of the transport platform, or arranged substan ⁇ tially at the corners of the transport platform at the lower surface of the transport platform in a triangu ⁇ lar platform.
  • the legs are an essen- tial part of the structural element.
  • the legs are arranged in connection with the stiffening structure, preferably as part of a monolithic stiffening structure.
  • the legs may be open and/or closed.
  • the legs are at least partly open, e.g. from the top, and hollow.
  • the legs are open, at least from the base, and hollow.
  • the legs are hollow.
  • the legs are open from the top, and at least one opening or hole is arranged at the base of the legs for removing moisture or a liquid substance. In one embodiment the legs are closed from the top and the base, and are filled with raw material. In one embodi ⁇ ment, in the part of the stiffening structure between the legs, the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the oppo- site side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure, preferably when the transport platform comprises at least four legs.
  • the plate sur ⁇ faces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure, when the transport platform comprises two legs.
  • the part of the stiffening structure in which the plate surfaces formed by the plate-like parts between the stiffeners are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiffening structure than the plate surfaces in the rest of the stiffening structure is arranged between or in connection with the legs of the transport platform for criticality of the carrying ca ⁇ pacity.
  • the transport platform is a loading pallet comprising a pallet part formed by the stiffening structure, and at least four pallet legs that may have any shape and may preferably be part of the stiffening structure.
  • the transport platform may have any shape, as seen from the top, e.g. a square, a triangle, a parallelogram, a rectangular parallelogram, or other suitable geometrical shape.
  • the pallet legs are arranged substantially at the corners and/or edges of the loading pallet.
  • a light structural element e.g. a transport platform or a structural part, having a good strength may be provided by means of the invention.
  • im- proved energy efficiency will be achieved in connec ⁇ tion with logistics.
  • the sec ⁇ ond moment of area of the structural element may be modified in a controlled and optimized way at various cross-sectional points of the element to achieve a maximal strength for the entire structure.
  • the structural configuration according to the invention also allows the use of a non-homogeneous source mate ⁇ rial, even if it contains large particles, without losing strength and stiffness in the structure. As a result, a good strength and stiffness may be obtained for the structure under all conditions by means of the invention, irrespective of the composition or particle size of the source material. Thanks to the invention, a durable and strong structure is provided also when using a weaker-quality source material compared to the prior art structures. In addition, the structural ele ⁇ ment may be crushed at the end of its life cycle, and the material may be reused. Thus, the structural ele ⁇ ment according to the invention is very ecological.
  • the structural element according to the in- vention may be manufactured cost-efficiently using ex ⁇ isting equipment.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates one structural element ac- cording to the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional illustration of the structural element according to Fig. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • Fig. 1 illustrates a structural element (1) used as a transport platform or a loading pallet.
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional illustration of the structural element.
  • the structural element (1) is a transport platform comprising a pallet part and legs.
  • the pallet part comprises a stiffening structure (2) .
  • the stiff ⁇ ening structure (2) is a structure comprising an upper plane (11), a lower plane (12), and a specific height between the upper and lower planes.
  • the stiffening structure comprises stiffeners (4) that are flat stiffeners arranged in a vertical plane, e.g. in the xz- and yz-directions , extending longitudinally and laterally in the stiffening structure so as to form a grid-type pattern between the upper (11) and lower planes (12) of the stiffening structure.
  • the stiffeners may be stiffened relative to each other, and the stiffeners are not able to tilt.
  • the stiffening structure comprises plate-like parts (3) arranged be ⁇ tween the stiffeners (4) to form first plate surfaces (10,10a) that are substantially perpendicular relative to the stiffeners.
  • the plate surfaces (10) are ar- ranged in a horizontal plane, e.g. in the xy- direction, substantially in the direction of the upper (11) and lower planes (12) of the stiffening struc ⁇ ture.
  • the first plate surfaces (10a) are arranged in the height direction of the stiffening structure above its mean height, i.e. the neutral axis.
  • second plate surfaces (10,10b) formed by the plate-like parts (3) between the stiffeners (4) are arranged on the opposite side of, i.e. below, the mean height, i.e. the neutral ax ⁇ is, in the height direction of the stiffening struc- ture than the first plate surfaces (10a) in order to increase stiffness relative to the weight of the structural element.
  • the first (10a) and second (10b) plate surfaces are spaced from each other in different horizontal planes. In the pallet part of Fig. 1 and 2 the first plate surfaces (10a) practically form a pla ⁇ nar surface in connection with the upper plane (11) of the stiffening structure (2) .
  • the low ⁇ er plane (12) of the stiffening structure is open.
  • the second plate surfaces (10b) practically form a planar surface in connection with the lower plane (12) of the stiffening structure (2) .
  • the upper plane (11) of the stiffening structure is open.
  • the transport platform comprises six legs (5) in the form of a truncated, tapering cone, arranged in connection with the stiffening structure (2) to extend to a distance from a lower surface (8) of the transport platform, and spaced from each other.
  • Four of the legs are arranged at the corners of the transport platform at the lower surface of the transport platform, and two of the legs are arranged in the middle of the long sides of the transport plat ⁇ form.
  • the legs are open from the top, and holes are arranged at the base of the legs for removing moisture or a liquid substance.
  • edge parts (6) delimiting the edge of the transport platform are provided with the parts (9) of the stiff ⁇ ening structure in which the second plate surfaces (10b) formed by the plate-like parts (3) between the stiffeners (4) are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height direction of the stiff- ening structure (2) than the first plate surfaces (10a) in the rest of the stiffening structure (2) .
  • Holes may be arranged at the base of the parts (9) of the stiffening structure in which the second plate surfaces (10b) formed by the plate-like parts (3) between the stiffeners (4) are arranged on the opposite side of the mean height in the height di ⁇ rection of the stiffening structure (2) than the first plate surfaces (10a) in the rest of the stiffening structure (2), i.e. at the planar surface on the side of the lower surface (8) of the transport platform, for removing moisture or a liquid substance.
  • a corresponding structure without the legs may be used, for example, as a floor or wall struc ⁇ ture .
  • the structural element (1) illustrated in Fig. 1 and 2 is formed from waste and recycled materi ⁇ al comprising polymer-based material and fibre-based material.
  • the fibre-based material comprises at least wood, wood-based material, textile, insulation wool, gypsum, synthetic fibre, mineral fibre, nanofiber, mi- crofiber, glass fibre, carbon fibre or their combina ⁇ tions.
  • the structural element is entirely formed from the same material.
  • the monolithic structural element (1) illus ⁇ trated in Fig. 1 and 2 is formed in one work stage us ⁇ ing a 2-piece mould comprising lower and upper parts of the mould without other moving parts in the mould. A core or a corresponding separate part of the mould is not used in the manufacture of the structural ele ⁇ ment.
  • the structural element is formed by a compres ⁇ sion-based method.
  • the structural ele ⁇ ment may be formed by pressing, a moulding method or 3D printing, or by other suitable method.
  • the structural element according to the invention is suitable, as different embodiments, for use in a variety of applications. Further, the structural element according to the invention may be formed from a variety of materials and, as different embodiments, is suitable to be manufactured with a variety of meth ⁇ ods .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pallets (AREA)
  • Panels For Use In Building Construction (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un élément structurel, l'élément structurel (1) comprenant une structure de raidissement (2) comprenant un plan supérieur (11), un plan inférieur (12), et une hauteur prédéterminée entre les plans supérieur et inférieur, ainsi que des raidisseurs (4) pour former un motif prédéterminé dans la structure entre les plans supérieur et inférieur, et des parties de type plaque (3) disposées entre les raidisseurs (4) pour former des surfaces de plaque (10, 10a) qui sont sensiblement perpendiculaires par rapport aux raidisseurs, disposées dans la direction de hauteur de la structure de raidissement (2) au moins au-dessus ou au-dessous de sa hauteur moyenne, et au moins dans la partie (9) de la structure de raidissement, des surfaces de plaque (10, 10b) formées par les parties de type plaque (3) entre les raidisseurs (4) sont disposées sur le côté de la hauteur moyenne dans la direction de hauteur de la structure de raidissement (2) opposé auxdites surfaces de plaque (10, 10a) dans le reste de la structure de raidissement (2) afin d'augmenter la rigidité par rapport au poids de l'élément structurel. L'invention concerne également un procédé de fabrication de l'élément structurel et l'utilisation de l'élément structurel.
EP18866995.6A 2017-10-09 2018-10-09 Élément structurel, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structurel et son utilisation Withdrawn EP3694786A4 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20175880A FI20175880A1 (fi) 2017-10-09 2017-10-09 Rakenne-elementti, menetelmä sen valmistamiseksi ja käyttö
PCT/FI2018/050722 WO2019073118A1 (fr) 2017-10-09 2018-10-09 Élément structurel, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structurel et son utilisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3694786A1 true EP3694786A1 (fr) 2020-08-19
EP3694786A4 EP3694786A4 (fr) 2021-06-30

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EP18866995.6A Withdrawn EP3694786A4 (fr) 2017-10-09 2018-10-09 Élément structurel, procédé de fabrication d'un élément structurel et son utilisation

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Country Link
EP (1) EP3694786A4 (fr)
FI (1) FI20175880A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2019073118A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110067333B (zh) * 2019-05-13 2020-11-27 中州装备制造股份有限公司 刚性梁架及其制作方法和刚性结构体
NO346684B1 (no) 2019-08-15 2022-11-21 Bewi Norplasta As Transportpall

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL8200960A (nl) * 1982-03-09 1983-10-03 Stamicarbon Kunststofpallet.
DE8220041U1 (de) * 1982-07-14 1982-08-26 Paul Craemer GmbH, 4836 Herzebrock Vierwege-Kunststoffpalette
JPS6018930U (ja) * 1983-07-18 1985-02-08 三甲株式会社 合成樹脂製パレツト
US6216609B1 (en) * 1998-09-15 2001-04-17 Menasha Corporation Structural channel pallet
WO2001027404A1 (fr) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-19 Xyleco, Inc. Systemes porteurs de charge
AU2006203742A1 (en) * 2005-09-09 2007-03-29 Rehrig Pacific Company Pallet
US8522694B2 (en) * 2008-06-20 2013-09-03 Oria Collapsibles, Llc Structural supporting pallet construction with improved perimeter impact absorbing capabilities
DE102008058238A1 (de) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-27 Aks Kunststoff Systeme Gmbh & Co.Kg Kunststoffpalette
LV14157B (lv) * 2010-03-16 2010-06-20 Gatis Pizics Lietā plastmasas viengabala transporta palete
DE102011003999A1 (de) * 2011-02-11 2012-08-16 PAKI Logistics GmbH Palette
GB2530237B (en) * 2014-06-04 2021-09-22 Gridesic Holdings Ltd Structural element

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Publication number Publication date
WO2019073118A1 (fr) 2019-04-18
EP3694786A4 (fr) 2021-06-30
FI20175880A1 (fi) 2019-04-10

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