EP3686430B1 - System und verfahren zum evakuieren eines prozessraums - Google Patents

System und verfahren zum evakuieren eines prozessraums Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3686430B1
EP3686430B1 EP19217906.7A EP19217906A EP3686430B1 EP 3686430 B1 EP3686430 B1 EP 3686430B1 EP 19217906 A EP19217906 A EP 19217906A EP 3686430 B1 EP3686430 B1 EP 3686430B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
line valve
compressor
line
valve
external air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19217906.7A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3686430A1 (de
Inventor
Gunther BERMICH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN Energy Solutions SE
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MAN Energy Solutions SE
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication of EP3686430A1 publication Critical patent/EP3686430A1/de
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/007—Installations or systems with two or more pumps or pump cylinders, wherein the flow-path through the stages can be changed, e.g. from series to parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B23/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B25/00—Multi-stage pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B37/00—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00
    • F04B37/10—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use
    • F04B37/14—Pumps having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B35/00 for special use to obtain high vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/022—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
    • F04B49/03—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/06—Control using electricity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/22—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by means of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C23/00—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C23/001—Combinations of two or more pumps, each being of rotary-piston or oscillating-piston type, specially adapted for elastic fluids; Pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids; Multi-stage pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of similar working principle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C25/00—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids
    • F04C25/02—Adaptations of pumps for special use of pumps for elastic fluids for producing high vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
    • F04D15/0072—Installation or systems with two or more pumps, wherein the flow path through the stages can be changed, e.g. series-parallel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
    • F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
    • F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
    • F04D17/14—Multi-stage pumps with means for changing the flow-path through the stages, e.g. series-parallel, e.g. side-loads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04D27/02—Surge control
    • F04D27/0269—Surge control by changing flow path between different stages or between a plurality of compressors; load distribution between compressors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/01—Pressure before the pump inlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B2205/00—Fluid parameters
    • F04B2205/16—Opening or closing of a valve in a circuit

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a system for evacuating a process space.
  • the invention also relates to a method for evacuating a process space.
  • An example of a system for evacuating a process room is the document JP 2015 102036 , after which two vacuum pumps are used, which can be operated in series or in parallel.
  • the present invention is based on the object of creating a novel system and method for evacuating a process space.
  • the system according to the invention for evacuating a process space has a first compressor which can be coupled to the process space via a first supply line and from which medium removed from the process space can be discharged into the environment via a first drainage line.
  • the system according to the invention for evacuating a process space also has a second compressor which can be coupled to the process space via a second inlet line and from which medium removed from the process space can be discharged into the environment via a second drain line.
  • the system according to the invention for evacuating a process space also has a connecting line connected between the first drain line and the second feed line.
  • a first inlet line valve is integrated into the first inlet line.
  • a second inlet line valve is integrated into the second inlet line.
  • a drain line valve is integrated into the first drain line.
  • a connection line valve is integrated in the connection line.
  • the first compressor and the second compressor can be operated in parallel.
  • the first compressor and the second compressor can be operated in series.
  • the system according to the invention for evacuating a process space does not use vacuum pumps, but rather compressors.
  • the first compressor and the second compressor form a compressor group, and the two compressors can be operated in parallel as well as in series.
  • the compressors are operated in parallel above a pressure limit. When the pressure limit value is reached or not reached, the compressors are operated in series. This allows a relatively large process space to be evacuated to a high negative pressure within a short time.
  • a first external air line valve is integrated into a first external air line leading to the first compressor, a second external air line valve being integrated into a second external air line leading to the second compressor, and the first external air line valve and the second external air line valve depending on the operating conditions of the first compressor and the second compressor are controllable.
  • the external air line valves can be activated depending on the operating conditions of the compressors in order to ensure safe operation of the compressors.
  • the first feed line valve and the second feed line valve can be controlled as a function of the operating conditions of the first compressor and the second compressor.
  • the activation of the two inlet line valves depending on the operating conditions of the two compressors serves to protect electrical machines that are used to drive the compressors.
  • a first pressure sensor is assigned to the first inlet line
  • a second pressure sensor being assigned to the second inlet line
  • the second inlet line valve, the first outlet line valve and the connecting line valve all being controllable as a function of measured values from the two pressure sensors.
  • the pressure sensors can be used to easily and reliably monitor the negative pressure up to which the process space to be evacuated was evacuated. Depending on the measured values of the pressure sensors, it is then possible to switch from parallel operation of the compressors to serial operation of the compressors, for which purpose the valves are then controlled accordingly.
  • the invention relates to a system and a method for evacuating a process space, in particular a process space with a large volume.
  • a large-volume process space should be understood to mean a process space whose volume to be evacuated is in the order of magnitude of more than 10,000 m 3 , in particular more than 20,000 m 3 .
  • Figs. 1 and 2 each show a schematic block diagram of a system 10 for evacuating a process room 11 in two different operating states.
  • the system 10 for evacuating the process space 11 has a first compressor 12 and a second compressor 13.
  • the first compressor 12 is driven by an electric machine 14, which transmits drive power to the first compressor 12 via a transmission 15.
  • the second compressor 13 is also driven by an electric machine 16, which transmits drive power to the second compressor 13 via a transmission 17.
  • the first compressor 12 can be coupled to the process space 11 via a first feed line 18.
  • the second compressor 13 can be coupled to the process space 11 via a second feed line 19.
  • Medium removed from the process space 11 can be discharged from the first compressor 12 via a first discharge line 20 into the environment.
  • the medium removed from the process space 11 can be discharged into the environment via a second discharge line 21.
  • a connecting line 22 is connected between the first discharge line 20, which leads from the first compressor 12 into the environment, and the second inlet line 19, which leads from the process space 11 in the direction of the second compressor 13. Via this connecting line 22, medium can be conducted starting from the first compressor 12 in the direction of the second compressor 13.
  • a first feed line valve 23 is integrated into the first feed line 18.
  • a second feed line valve 24 is integrated into the second feed line 19.
  • a first drain line valve 25 is integrated into the first drain line 20, namely downstream of the branch of the connecting line 22 from the first drain line 20.
  • a connecting line valve 26 is integrated into the connecting line 22.
  • the connecting line 22 branches off from the first drain line 20 upstream of the first drain line valve 25 and opens downstream of the second supply line valve 24 into the second supply line 19 upstream of the second compressor 13.
  • Fig. 1 shows a state of the system 10 in which the two compressors 12, 13 are operated in parallel.
  • the first inlet line valve 23, the second inlet line valve 24 and the first outlet line valve 25 are all open, whereas the connecting line valve 26 is closed.
  • Fig. 2 shows a state of the system 10 in which the two compressors 12 and 13 are operated in series.
  • the first feed line valve 23 and the connecting line valve 26 are both open.
  • the first drain line valve 25 and the second supply line valve 24 are both closed.
  • the system 10 comprises a first external air line 27 leading to the first compressor 12, in which a first external air line valve 28 is integrated.
  • the two external air line valves 28 and 30 can be controlled as a function of the operating conditions of the two compressors 12 and 13.
  • the two inlet line valves 23 and 24 can also be controlled as a function of the operating conditions of the two compressors 12 and 13.
  • the system for evacuating a process room also has pressure sensors.
  • a first pressure sensor 31 is assigned to the first feed line 18 and a second pressure sensor 32 is assigned to the second feed line 19.
  • the pressure that prevails in the first feed line 18 leading to the first compressor 12 can be determined via the first pressure sensor 31.
  • the pressure that prevails in the second feed line 19 leading to the second compressor 13 can be determined via the second pressure sensor 32.
  • the second inlet line valve 24, the first outlet line valve 25 and the connecting line valve 26 can be controlled as a function of the measured values of the two pressure sensors 31 and 32.
  • both compressors 12, 13 are initially operated in parallel up to a pressure limit value. In parallel operation of the two compressors 12, 13 they provide a large suction volume or delivery volume, this parallel operation being maintained during evacuation as long as the pressure in at least one of the two inlet lines 18, 19 is greater than the pressure limit value.
  • the method for evacuating the process space 11 is carried out using the system described above. Then, when both compressors 12, 13 are operated in parallel, the first inlet line valve 23, the second inlet line valve 24 and the first outlet line valve 25 are all opened, whereas the connecting line valve 26 is closed. Then, when the two compressors 12, 13 are operated in series, the first inlet line valve 23 and the connecting line valve 26 are both opened, whereas the second inlet line valve 24 and the first outlet line valve 25 are both closed.
  • the external air line valve 30 integrated in the second external air line 29 is preferably opened in order to mix the medium already passed through the first compressor 12 with external air upstream of the second compressor 13.
  • the second compressor 13 can then be operated at an optimal operating point, on the one hand to lead a sufficiently high flow rate via the second compressor 13 and on the other hand to keep the temperature of the medium carried via the second compressor 13 below a temperature limit value.
  • the following preferably applies: 1.0 V 1.7.
  • V 1.0 applies.
  • the external air line valve 28 is preferably opened to protect the compressor in order to always lead a sufficiently large delivery rate via the compressor 12.
  • the external air line valve 30 is opened in order to always lead a sufficiently large amount of air via the second compressor 13.
  • the feed line valves 23, 24 can be controlled depending on the power consumption of the compressors 12, 13.
  • the first inlet line valve 23 can be closed more strongly in order to provide motor protection for the electrical machine 14.
  • the second feed line valve 24 can be closed more strongly in order to provide motor protection for the electrical machine 16 of the second compressor 13.
  • the compressor protection and the motor protection are advantageous in order to avoid damage to the compressors 12, 13 and the electrical machines 14, 16 during evacuation operation.
  • the process space 11 is initially evacuated up to a pressure limit value in parallel operation of the two compressors 12, 13 (see FIG Fig. 1 ).
  • the parallel operation of the compressors 12, 13 switches to serial operation of the compressors 12, 13 (see Fig. 2 ) changed in order to enable an even greater evacuation of the process space 12.
  • the two compressors 12, 13 can be radial compressors.
  • radial compressors that can provide a flow rate of 1400 m 3 / min.
  • a total delivery rate of 2800 m 3 / min can then be evacuated from the process space 11 by them. This is preferably done until a pressure limit value is reached, which is, for example, -63 kPa.
  • the two compressors are switched from parallel operation to serial operation in order, for example, to evacuate the process space 11 to a pressure of -85 kPa.
  • serial operation of course, a smaller delivery rate is available than in parallel operation.
  • the system according to the invention and the method according to the invention are preferably used for evacuating relatively large process spaces 11 with a volume of more than 10,000 m 3 , in particular more than 20,000 m 3 .
  • process spaces can be, for example, transport tubes with a diameter of more than 2 m and a length of more than 1 km.
  • the two compressors 11, 12 form a compressor group. There can be several such compressor groups and each compressor group can be operated in the manner described above.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)
  • Control Of Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
EP19217906.7A 2019-01-24 2019-12-19 System und verfahren zum evakuieren eines prozessraums Active EP3686430B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102019101769.6A DE102019101769A1 (de) 2019-01-24 2019-01-24 System und Verfahren zum Evakuieren eines Prozessraums

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3686430A1 EP3686430A1 (de) 2020-07-29
EP3686430B1 true EP3686430B1 (de) 2021-07-14

Family

ID=68965830

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19217906.7A Active EP3686430B1 (de) 2019-01-24 2019-12-19 System und verfahren zum evakuieren eines prozessraums

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11473573B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP3686430B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN111502955B (zh)
DE (1) DE102019101769A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20230315134A1 (en) * 2020-08-26 2023-10-05 Tpe Midstream Llc Configurable fluid compression apparatus, control, and associated methods

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8105492U1 (de) * 1981-02-27 1981-08-20 Elektro-Mechanik Gmbh, 5963 Wenden Pneumohydraulisches versorgungsaggregat mit einem leistung erzeugenden motor
DE29719775U1 (de) * 1996-12-11 1998-02-05 SGI-Prozesstechnik GmbH, 63674 Altenstadt Druckwechselanlage zur Gewinnung von Sauerstoff aus der Luft
US7107972B1 (en) * 2004-08-03 2006-09-19 Accessible Technologies, Inc. Multi-phase centrifugal supercharging air induction system
US7179062B1 (en) * 2005-10-21 2007-02-20 Drevitson Kyle C Integrated shop vacuum and air compressor system
GB0525517D0 (en) * 2005-12-15 2006-01-25 Boc Group Plc Apparatus for detecting a flammable atmosphere
GB201005459D0 (en) * 2010-03-31 2010-05-19 Edwards Ltd Vacuum pumping system
DE102010026648B4 (de) * 2010-07-09 2015-12-31 Gea Grasso Gmbh Kälteanlage zur Kühlung eines Containers
JP6078750B2 (ja) * 2013-11-26 2017-02-15 オリオン機械株式会社 吸引システム
CN104405637A (zh) * 2014-12-18 2015-03-11 淄博昊驰泵业有限公司 涡旋真空压缩机
CN106762538B (zh) * 2017-03-29 2019-08-27 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 大型干式机械真空系统中真空泵叠摞布置及更换方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102019101769A1 (de) 2020-07-30
EP3686430A1 (de) 2020-07-29
CN111502955A (zh) 2020-08-07
CN111502955B (zh) 2023-06-06
US11473573B2 (en) 2022-10-18
US20200240405A1 (en) 2020-07-30

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