EP3666863A1 - Procédé de nettoyage des graisses et des huiles de déchets contenant des particules en matière plastique - Google Patents

Procédé de nettoyage des graisses et des huiles de déchets contenant des particules en matière plastique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3666863A1
EP3666863A1 EP18211748.1A EP18211748A EP3666863A1 EP 3666863 A1 EP3666863 A1 EP 3666863A1 EP 18211748 A EP18211748 A EP 18211748A EP 3666863 A1 EP3666863 A1 EP 3666863A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plastic particles
oils
plastic
fats
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18211748.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3666863B2 (fr
EP3666863B1 (fr
Inventor
Martin Ernst
Robert RAUDNER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BDI Holding GmbH
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BDI Holding GmbH
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Publication date
Application filed by BDI Holding GmbH filed Critical BDI Holding GmbH
Priority to EP18211748.1A priority Critical patent/EP3666863B2/fr
Publication of EP3666863A1 publication Critical patent/EP3666863A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3666863B1 publication Critical patent/EP3666863B1/fr
Publication of EP3666863B2 publication Critical patent/EP3666863B2/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
    • C11B3/04—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction with acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/10—Refining fats or fatty oils by adsorption
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
    • C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
    • C11B3/16—Refining fats or fatty oils by mechanical means

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for cleaning waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles, in particular animal fats.
  • Waste materials such as used cooking oils or animal fats have increasingly been used as raw materials for biodiesel production in recent years.
  • animal fat which originates from the recycling of residual and waste materials from the meat industry and subsequently comes from rendering plants ("rendering"), in addition to other solids, such as bone meal, a high proportion of plastic (polyethylene (PE) and related species) Plastics) may be included.
  • PE polyethylene
  • Plastics plastics
  • This plastic material mostly in the form of microparticles, comes from, among other things, packaging that has not been completely separated.
  • a raw material e.g. Animal fat
  • a high proportion of plastic > 50 mg / kg
  • the animal fat is set to a temperature just above its solidification point and mixed with an organic solvent in which only the fat dissolves.
  • the undissolved plastic particles are then removed from the solution by filtration.
  • the US 3,758,533 teaches a process for cleaning greases containing plastic particles, in which the temperature of the grease is adjusted such that it is above the melting point of the starting material but below 95 ° C. in order not to dissolve the polyethylene impurities in the grease, so that these can subsequently be filtered or Centrifugation can be separated. Before separation, 0.5-2% by weight of a particulate material, for example Celite or bleaching earth, can be added as a filter aid.
  • a particulate material for example Celite or bleaching earth
  • precoat filtration is also frequently used, which is associated with high investment and operating costs.
  • the one in the US 4,159,992 The process described in turn requires an organic solvent, which must be removed from the animal fat at the end of the process by means of energy-intensive distillation.
  • the invention attempts to overcome the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, and has as its object to provide a method for cleaning waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles, in particular animal fats, which reduces the content of plastic particles without or achieved with smaller amounts of filter aid than the known methods.
  • the softening temperature of the plastic is the Vicat softening temperature (VST) measured according to method A according to ISO 306, which was introduced as a substitute for the melting point of thermoplastic materials. It describes the temperature at which a circular indenter with a 1 mm 2 cross-section sinks exactly 1 mm deep into the test specimen under a standardized load of 10 N.
  • VST Vicat softening temperature
  • the Vicat softening temperature is standardized, for example, in ISO 306 and ASTM D 1525.
  • the method further comprises the step of adding filter aids to the waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles, before or after the heating step, to produce a mixture of the waste fats and / or oils and the filter aid, wherein the filter aid is removed together with the plastic particles from the liquid waste fats and / or oils in the separating step.
  • animal fat usually contains a proportion of solid impurities, namely the plastic particles which are to be removed or whose proportion is to be reduced by means of the method according to the invention, and other solid particles, such as e.g. Bone fragments (especially "bone meal”), protein residues, etc.
  • the proportion of these solid particles, which are not plastic particles depends on the origin and processing of the starting material and is usually about 0.03% by weight or more, based on the Raw material. These solid particles can achieve the same effect as a filter aid in the process according to the invention.
  • the plastic particles become solid particles that are not plastic particles, i.e. either those that are already present in the raw material or those of the admixed one Filter aid or both, deposited and fixed on it by the subsequent step of cooling.
  • the solid particles with the plastic fixed thereon can then be easily separated from the liquid waste fats and / or oils.
  • the proportion of solid particles that are not plastic particles is too low to achieve the desired or even a cleaning effect.
  • the step of admixing filter aids known to the person skilled in the art such as bleaching earth, for example bentonite, is provided according to the invention. This step can be done before or after the heating step. Good mixing is advantageously ensured, for example by stirring, of waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles and filter aids.
  • the step of admixing filter aids preferably comprises admixing filter aids in an amount of 0.1-1.0% by weight, based on the amount of waste fat and / or oil, such as about 0.2% by weight. 3 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.7 wt%, 0.8 wt% or 0.9 wt%. Compared to conventional bleaching earth defiltration, significantly smaller amounts of filter aids are therefore advantageously required according to the invention.
  • the method according to the invention further comprises a step of holding the waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles or the mixture of the waste fats and / or oils and the filter aid, preferably for 10-25 min, at the temperature above the softening temperature the plastic the plastic particles before the cooling step.
  • plasticized plastic particles This makes it easier for the plasticized plastic particles to contact the solid particles (particles already present in the waste fats and / or oils or filter aids) and to settle on or deposit on them, so that plastic particles can be fixed on them during the cooling step.
  • the method according to the invention also comprises a step of holding the waste fats and / or oils containing plastic particles or the mixture of the waste fats and / or oils and the filter aid, preferably for 10-25 min, at the temperature below the softening temperature the plastic the plastic particles before the step of separating.
  • This step improves the adhesion of the plastic particles to the solids, as a result of which a higher proportion of plastic can be removed from the waste fats and / or oils.
  • the heating step comprises heating to a temperature 130 130 ° C.
  • the cooling step comprises cooling to a temperature ⁇ 100 ° C. This is particularly favorable since the plastic most frequently present as an impurity in animal fats is polyethylene, which, depending on the type, has a softening temperature of approximately 110 ° C. to approximately 135 ° C.
  • the plastic of the plastic particles preferably comprises polyethylene, in particular it consists of it.
  • Polyethylene type polymers are defined according to the analysis method ISO 6656 as impurities which are soluble in boiling perchlorethylene.
  • a preferred embodiment of the method is characterized in that the separation step comprises a centrifugation, in particular a decanting centrifugation.
  • the method further comprises the step of adding water or steam and acid after the step of cooling (or after the step of maintaining below the softening temperature), the acid preferably being selected from phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, methanesulfonic acid or any combination of these.
  • Unsaponifiables are understood to mean in particular sterols, hydrocarbons, carotenoids and tocopherols. These fat components interfere with biodiesel production and should therefore be removed as much as possible from the raw material.
  • the addition step preferably comprises the addition of water or steam in an amount of 5-15% by weight or the addition of acid in an amount of 0.2-1.5% by weight, in each case based on the amount of waste fat and / or oil.
  • the separation step comprises the separation using a 3-phase decanter, an oil, a water and a solid phase being obtained.
  • Animal fat for example for biodiesel production, is usually cleaned of solids and impurities by water washing at high temperature using a 3-phase decanter (three-phase separator).
  • the method according to the invention can advantageously be carried out by decanting centrifugation in a 3-phase decanter.
  • filter aids By adding and stirring in filter aids, if necessary, at temperatures above the softening point of the plastic of the plastic particles, these particles are brought onto the solid particles, which are not plastic particles, and / or the filter aid and are fixed thereon by subsequent cooling below the softening temperature.
  • the solid particles and / or the filter aid are then separated off using the three-phase separator required for the raw washing.
  • the plastic particles can be removed in this way without complex filtration equipment in a simultaneous washing step with a 3-phase decanter required for fat preparation.
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • waste fat and / or oil containing plastic particles referred to as oil phase 1
  • oil phase 1 waste fat and / or oil containing plastic particles
  • tank 2 the oil phase is heated to a temperature which is above the softening temperature of the plastic of the plastic particles.
  • a filter aid 3 for example bleaching earth, can be mixed into the oil phase 1 in order to produce a mixture of the oil phase 1 and the filter aid 3.
  • the heated oil phase 1 or the mixture of the oil phase 1 and the filter aid 3 is advantageously kept in the tank 2 at the temperature above the softening temperature of the plastic of the plastic particles for 10-25 min.
  • the oil phase 1 or the mixture of the oil phase 1 and the filter aid 3 is then conveyed into the tank 4, where it cools to a temperature below the softening temperature.
  • the cooled oil phase 1 or the cooled mixture of the oil phase 1 and the filter aid 3 is preferably left to stand for a time, for example 10-25 min, before water / water vapor 5 and acid 6 are added.
  • the mixture is then separated in a 3-phase decanter 7 into a purified oil phase 8, a water phase 9 and a solid phase 10 containing the plastic particles (optionally together with the filter aid) and other solid particles.
  • Example 1 and Example 2 show that the content of plastic particles by means of the method according to the invention is clear even without the aid of filter aids can be reduced.
  • the addition of filter aids leads to a further reduction, but a much smaller amount of filter aids is required for the end result compared to the known prior art.
  • An animal fat with 342 ppm PE (and 0.08% by weight solid impurities, which are not plastic, based on the animal fat) was mixed with 0.25% by weight filter aid, based on the animal fat, heated to 130 ° C. and after different residence times (5, 10 and 20 minutes) cooled to 90 ° C. After a further residence time of 10 minutes, the mixture was mixed with 10% by weight of water and 0.5% by weight of phosphoric acid, in each case based on the partial fat, and the fat phase was then separated off using a three-phase decanter.
  • the fat phases obtained had the following PE content: 5 minutes dwell time: 80 ppm PE (77% reduction) 10 minutes dwell time: 66 ppm PE (81%) reduction) 20 minutes dwell time: 35 ppm PE (90% reduction)

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
EP18211748.1A 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 Procédé de nettoyage des graisses et des huiles de déchets contenant des particules en matière plastique Active EP3666863B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18211748.1A EP3666863B2 (fr) 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 Procédé de nettoyage des graisses et des huiles de déchets contenant des particules en matière plastique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18211748.1A EP3666863B2 (fr) 2018-12-11 2018-12-11 Procédé de nettoyage des graisses et des huiles de déchets contenant des particules en matière plastique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3666863A1 true EP3666863A1 (fr) 2020-06-17
EP3666863B1 EP3666863B1 (fr) 2021-07-14
EP3666863B2 EP3666863B2 (fr) 2024-10-16

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3758533A (en) 1970-06-04 1973-09-11 Colgate Palmolive Co Treatment of tallow and like fatty materials
US4159992A (en) 1978-07-03 1979-07-03 The Badger Company, Inc. Removal of plastic polymer fines from tallow
WO2018060305A1 (fr) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Neste Oyj Traitement de l'eau d'une matière lipidique

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PT3011041T (pt) 2013-06-19 2020-05-20 Argent Energy Uk Ltd Composição de biodiesel e processos e produtos relacionados

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3758533A (en) 1970-06-04 1973-09-11 Colgate Palmolive Co Treatment of tallow and like fatty materials
US4159992A (en) 1978-07-03 1979-07-03 The Badger Company, Inc. Removal of plastic polymer fines from tallow
WO2018060305A1 (fr) * 2016-09-30 2018-04-05 Neste Oyj Traitement de l'eau d'une matière lipidique

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EP3666863B2 (fr) 2024-10-16
EP3666863B1 (fr) 2021-07-14

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