EP3653690B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3653690B1
EP3653690B1 EP18460065.8A EP18460065A EP3653690B1 EP 3653690 B1 EP3653690 B1 EP 3653690B1 EP 18460065 A EP18460065 A EP 18460065A EP 3653690 B1 EP3653690 B1 EP 3653690B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
candle
combustible material
wick
combustible
flat element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18460065.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3653690A1 (fr
Inventor
Magdalena Puzio
Zygmunt Szczepaniak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mueller Fabryka Swiec SA
Original Assignee
Mueller Fabryka Swiec SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mueller Fabryka Swiec SA filed Critical Mueller Fabryka Swiec SA
Priority to PL18460065.8T priority Critical patent/PL3653690T3/pl
Priority to EP18460065.8A priority patent/EP3653690B1/fr
Publication of EP3653690A1 publication Critical patent/EP3653690A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3653690B1 publication Critical patent/EP3653690B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/02—Apparatus for preparation thereof
    • C11C5/021—Apparatus for preparation thereof by compressing solid materials in a mould without heating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11C—FATTY ACIDS FROM FATS, OILS OR WAXES; CANDLES; FATS, OILS OR FATTY ACIDS BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF FATS, OILS, OR FATTY ACIDS OBTAINED THEREFROM
    • C11C5/00—Candles
    • C11C5/02—Apparatus for preparation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the method of manufacturing a combustible candle intended for lighting purposes and/or for decorative or fragrance purposes.
  • a combustible candle is a source of light and usually solid fuel formed into a three-dimensional object, for example into a cylindrical shape with different degrees of slenderness, is used for its manufacture. Inside the object, usually across its entire length, a wick is typically placed centrally.
  • candles were made from beeswax or animal fats.
  • the raw material for making candles is most often paraffin or stearin. More and more often fragrances and/or colouring agents are added to the combustible material used to make candles.
  • the candle contains a plate which is arranged in the area of the base of the candle.
  • the plate has a surface which is not larger than the base of the candle, wherein the shape of the plate corresponds to the shape of the surface of the candle, in particular the plate and the base of the candle are round.
  • the candle in this known solution is arranged on a fuel layer on the base of the candle.
  • the plate of the candle is an aluminium plate in this known solution.
  • Another solution known from patent specification PL 215068 , discloses a method for manufacturing a block candle by filling a mould with liquid combustible material.
  • the mould is cooled to a temperature of 6°C to 20°C before the liquid combustible material is poured, and then the heated combustible material heated to a temperature of 30° to 55°, in the form of a dense liquid, is poured into the mould. Then, the raw material undergoes a pressing operation.
  • prilled wax particles are coated by tumbling and rubbing the particles in a mixture with a scenting and/or a colouring agent in a flexible container, either by hand kneading or with a mechanical agitator.
  • Liquid carriers compatible with the wax particles are included in the colouring and scenting agents to facilitate absorption of the agents into the combustible material particles.
  • a candle is subsequently formed by moulding the coated particles under pressure into a candle with a central wick into either a freestanding form or pressed into a surrounding container.
  • Another solution known from the utility model DE 20 2016 000545 concerns a method of manufacturing a safe candle consisting of a wick and provided with a base that constitutes a fire barrier.
  • the barrier is a layer made of a combustion-resistant material and contains an embossed recess.
  • the embossed recess in the combustion-resistant material layer protects the burning wick from contact with the surface.
  • Another solution known from DE 10 2012 201085 shows a method of manufacturing a candle using reverse compression and a wick guide.
  • the tip of the wick is bent and sunk in a combustible material above the base of the candle essentially horizontally, which makes the burning wick to extinguish above the base of the candle, which reduces the fire hazard during the burning phase of the candle.
  • Another known solution is presented in patent specification EP 0265976 .
  • This known solution provides a composition of matter, which is suitable for manufacturing candles by extruding, which is based on stearic or palmitic acid.
  • the matter comprises 0.2-10% of a crystal modifier and optionally 0.5-15% of another, as to carbon chain length adjacent, natural fatty acid or such fatty acid derivative.
  • the stearic/palmitic acid according to this known solution, is a mixture of stearic acid and palmitic acid in the weight range of 20:80 - 80:20.
  • the crystal modifier is of the ester type and is derived from a polyol with 2-4 hydroxyl groups and higher fatty acid and/or dimeric fatty acid.
  • a candle which is formed of combustible material in the form of wax and has a wick.
  • the candle body may be contained in a jar or container formed of non-combustible material.
  • the candle has a bottom adapted to rest on a flat surface.
  • a thermal barrier disc of thermally insulating material is secured to the bottom of the candle for insulating the surface from the candle.
  • the thermal barrier in this known solution is a disc of cork that is coextensive with the bottom of the candle or jar and is secured to the bottom of the candle by a pressure-sensitive adhesive.
  • a layer candle made of the granulated product is provided with the outer hardened layer.
  • the candle inside is filled with the loose granulated product.
  • the method of layer candle manufacturing consists in the preliminary heating of the outer layer of the candle and its further forming in the process of pressing.
  • the problem with the use of candles is the stage of burning out the remains of the candle.
  • the problem of heat transfer to the base does not exist due to the layer of unburned and unmelted combustible material separating the flame from the base of the candle.
  • this layer gradually disappears, and the candle flame reaches the base, the temperature at the base of the candle increases rapidly and in extreme cases this state of the burning candle can lead to the ignition of the surface on which the candle is placed.
  • the invention solves this problem by designing a manufacturing technology during which, in a single pressure operation of solidifying the combustible material of the candle, known from the prior art, the base of the candle is additionally equipped with a profiled element of non-combustible material, which is formed in the same operation of solidifying the combustible material of this candle.
  • the solution according to the invention made it possible to solve the problem of combining a separate process of pressure solidification of the combustible material and a separate process of profiling the profiled element of non-combustible material. This made it possible, according to the invention, to carry out both processes in one technological operation.
  • the method of manufacturing a combustible candle consists in that a candle wick is soaked in combustible material and then at least one soaked wick arranged in a guide is inserted into at least one hydraulic press seat, where the interior of said hydraulic press seat is in the shape of a candle turned upside down.
  • the press seat is then filled with the shredded combustible material, and then a press punch is inserted into the press seat at a pressure of 20 bar to 300 bar and a candle of the combustible material with the wick inside the combustible material is formed under pressure for a period of 0,025 seconds to 20 seconds.
  • the method according to the invention is characterised in that after filling the press seat with the combustible material and before inserting the punch into the press seat to form a candle, a flat element of non-combustible material with a thickness of 0.03 mm to 0.75 mm is placed on the surface of the combustible material which, after the manufacture of the candle, forms the base of the candle.
  • the shape of the flat element of non-combustible material is adapted to the shape of the candle base and fits into the opening of the press seat.
  • at least one embossment into the interior of the candle is formed in said flat element of non-combustible material.
  • a metal plate is used as the flat element of non-combustible material, wherein the press punch cooperating with the metal plate comprises on the working surface at least one embossment towards the interior of the candle.
  • a flat element of non-combustible material may be metal mesh.
  • non-combustible fabric mesh is preferably used as a flat element of non-combustible material.
  • the combustible material is subjected to granulation in a rotary drum drier at a temperature of 44°C to 70°C before being inserted into the seat.
  • a layer of non-combustible material which may be in the form of a plate or mesh, is attached under pressure.
  • the layer is of such thickness that due to the operation of the press punch it is formed in the same operation in the manner described above.
  • the press punch contains a central embossment, which in the pressure operation of solidifying the combustible material of the candle, forms a central embossment in said non-combustible layer, which eliminates the thermal contact between the tip of the burning wick and the surface.
  • the wick burns out only to the embossment of said plate, under which there is an air gap, and goes out naturally.
  • the combustible material around the embossment remains unburned, because the candle wick does not reach there.
  • the candle structure described thus solves the problem of securing the surface of the candle against fire and against the negative effects of the prolonged influence of increased temperature on the surface. Additional embossments in the form of circumferential channels and/or protrusions around the central embossment catching the tip of the burning wick are also preferable in the case where the wick tip could move beyond the outline of the non-combustible layer, if the candle burns on an uneven base. In a number of cases, users burn candles on decorations arranged by themselves, often in conditions of incorrect levelling of the candle.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 show a press seat 1 for manufacturing a combustible candle for explaining the method of manufacturing a combustible candle according to the invention.
  • multi-cavity moulds are used for this purpose, where in one technological process as many candles are made as there are seats in this type of a mould.
  • the press seat 1 comprises a cylindrical portion 2 closed from the bottom by a conical portion 3 with a seat bottom 4.
  • the press seat 1 also comprises a candle wick 6 guide 5.
  • the wick 6 guide 5 is usually a tube through which subsequent sections of the wick 6 are taken out of a reel not shown in the figures as the next formed candles are removed from the seat 1, after subsequent pressing operations.
  • Fig. 1 shows the press seat 1 filled with granulated combustible material 7.
  • the upper surface of the granulated combustible material 7 is prepared for laying a flat element 8 of non-combustible material on it.
  • the combustible material is subjected in this embodiment to a known granulation process in a rotary drum dryer at a temperature of 57°C before being inserted into the seat 1.
  • loose combustible material 7 is used to fill the press seat 1.
  • the combustible material 7 is granulated paraffin with a pour point of 56°C to 60°C, for example with a pour point of 58°C.
  • the combustible material 7 may be microwaxes with a pour point of 56°C to 60°C, vegetable or animal fats with an iodine value from 0.025 to 70, preferably from 1 to 30, palm and/or soy and/or rapeseed and/or sunflower fats, fat derivatives in the form of fatty acids and palmitic and/or stearic acid fatty alcohols, or fatty alcohols, e.g. cetyl alcohol.
  • the candle wick 6 in this embodiment has the form - known from the prior art - of a cotton string with a diameter of 2 mm .
  • the wick 6 may be in the form of a string partly or entirely made of artificial fibres or cellulose fibres with diameters ranging from 0.5 mm to 7 mm.
  • the candle wick 6 is soaked in combustible material before being put into the guide 5.
  • Fig. 2 shows the seat 1 with the combustible material 7 arranged in the seat 1 and covered with the flat element 8 of non-combustible material.
  • the flat element 8 is a 0.5 mm thick aluminium metal plate. The plate has a shape corresponding to the shape of the charging opening of the seat 1 and fits into the opening.
  • the flat element 8 is arranged on the surface of the combustible material 7, i.e. on the surface of the base of the future combustible candle. This is shown in Fig. 2 .
  • Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show that the flat element 8 of non-combustible material forms the basis of the future combustible candle.
  • the above-mentioned Fig. 2 also shows a press punch 9, ready to start the pressing operation of the combustible material 7 of the candle, along with the flat element 8 of combustible material arranged on the surface of the combustible material.
  • the press punch 9 comprises a central embossment 10 on the working surface, in the symmetry axis of the future candle.
  • the press seat 1 in this embodiment is cylindrical, with a conically shaped top of the future candle and a flat base of the future candle.
  • the candle wick 6 is positioned in this embodiment in the axis of symmetry of the cylindrical candle seat 1. In other embodiments, the dimensional proportions of the candle may be different, but typically the wick 6 is positioned in the symmetry axis of the combustible candle.
  • Fig. 3 shows the candle seat 1 after removal of the punch 9, after the pressure forming operation of the candle.
  • the flat element 8 in the form of an aluminium plate was connected with the candle base by pressing and at the same time in the same operation in this element 8 in the form of a plate an embossment 11 was formed.
  • the finished candle can be removed from the mould upwards by pulling the next section of the wick 6 behind it in the guide 5 to produce another candle in the next technological cycle in the same seat 1.
  • the finished candle 13, after cutting off the excess wick 6, is shown in a cross-section in Fig. 4 .
  • the candle 13 in this figure is shown in the working position placed on the base, with the conical portion ended with the wick 6 directed upwards.
  • an embossment 11 in the flat element 8 of non-combustible material was made.
  • the embossment 11 has a round shape in this embodiment.
  • the embossment 11 provides an air gap under the candle base, which protects against direct contact of the burning out wick 6 with the surface on which the candle 13 is placed.
  • the embossment 11 may have a different shape, according to the shape of the punch 9 embossment 10.
  • the punch 9 may be provided with other forms on a working surface, shaping other forms of embossments of the flat element 8.
  • Fig. 5 shows an example of a candle 13, where the round, flat aluminium element 8 comprises on the surface around the central embossment 11, an additional circumferential embossment 12, which additionally protects from overheating or from fire other fragments of the surface on which the candle 13 can be placed.
  • the circumferential embossment 12 additionally prevents the burning out wick 6 from moving to the circumferential edge of the candle 13, which can occur in the liquid combustible material near the bottom of the burning out candle 13 when placed on a sloping surface.
  • the punch 9 may have other forms of embossments on the working surface, including, for example, radial embossments or combinations of circumferential and radial embossments.
  • Such combinations of embossments can also prevent the situation when the candle 13 placed diagonally causes the burning end of the wick to flow down from the central embossment 11 towards the edge of the candle base during the burning out phase.
  • the described combinations of embossments stop the flowing burning wick 6 and prevent unfavourable temperature phenomena at the contact with the surface of the outer zones of the candle 13 base.
  • the finished candle 13 can be subjected to further technological operations, such as coating with an outer coloured layer.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fats And Perfumes (AREA)

Claims (4)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible consistant à ce qu'une mèche (6) de la bougie est imbibée de la matière combustible (7) et enusite la mèche imbibée (6) placée dans un guidage (5) est insérée dans un siège de la presse hyradulique (1) où l'intérieur dudit siège (1) de la presse hydraulique a la forme d'une bougie retournée sens dessus dessous (1), et puis le siège (1) de la presse est rempli d'un matériau combustible broyé (7), et le matériau combustible (7), avant d'être inséré dans le siège (1) est soumis à la granulation à une température de 44° à 70°, et puis après le remplissage du siège (1) de la presse du matériau combustible (7), avant l'insértion du poinçon (9) au siège de la presse pour former une bougie, sur la surface du matériau combustible (7) est placé un élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible d'une épaisseur de 0,03 mm à 0,75 mm, et la forme dudit élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible est adaptée à la forme de la base de la bougie (13) et s'ajuste à l'ouverture de la siège (1) de la presse, et le poinçon (9) de la presse est inséré au siège (1) de la presse sous une pression de 20 bars à 300 bars et pendant une durée de 0,025 secondes à 20 secondes est formée sous pression la bougie (13) en matériau combustible (7) avec une mèche (6) à l'intérieur de ce matériau combustible (7) et puis du siège de la presse est retirée une bougie (13) formée,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pendant la même opération de formage par pression de la bougie, au moins un gaufrage (11) à l'intérieur de la bougie (13) est formé dans ledit élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible, et est utilisé le poinçon presse (9) coopérant avec la plaque qui comprend au moins un gaufrage central (10) sur la surface de travail vers l'intérieur de la bougie (13).
  2. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'une plaque en métal est utilisée comme un élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible.
  3. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu' une maille en métal est utilisée comme un élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible.
  4. Procédé de fabrication selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu' une maille en tissu incombustible est utilisée comme un élément plat (8) en matériau incombustible.
EP18460065.8A 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible Active EP3653690B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL18460065.8T PL3653690T3 (pl) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 Sposób wytwarzania świecy palnej
EP18460065.8A EP3653690B1 (fr) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18460065.8A EP3653690B1 (fr) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3653690A1 EP3653690A1 (fr) 2020-05-20
EP3653690B1 true EP3653690B1 (fr) 2024-02-14

Family

ID=65003175

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18460065.8A Active EP3653690B1 (fr) 2018-11-15 2018-11-15 Procédé de fabrication d'une bougie combustible

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3653690B1 (fr)
PL (1) PL3653690T3 (fr)

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB682019A (en) * 1950-05-18 1952-11-05 Price S Patent Candle Company Improvements in and relating to the manufacture of candles and like articles
US3702495A (en) * 1970-09-08 1972-11-14 Hallmark Cards Method of producing compression molded candles
US4614625A (en) 1983-02-28 1986-09-30 Lumi-Lite Candle Company, Inc. Method of imparting color and/or fragrance to candle wax and candle formed therefrom
ES2014464B3 (es) 1986-09-25 1990-07-16 Unilever Nv Composicion de acidos adecuada para moldear velas a presion.
US20040197722A1 (en) 2003-04-01 2004-10-07 Hudnall Jeffrey Paul Candle
DE102006007864A1 (de) 2006-02-02 2006-10-12 Gebr. Müller Kerzenfabrik AG Kerze umfassend einen Docht, ein Brennmaterial und einen Kerzenteller
AU2013200048B2 (en) * 2006-02-02 2015-08-13 Gebr. Muller Kerzenfabrik Ag Candle comprising a wick, a fuel and a candle dish
PL214728B1 (pl) 2010-04-21 2013-09-30 Korona Spolka Akcyjna Sposób wytwarzania swiecy warstwowej i swieca warstwowa wytworzona tym sposobem
PL215068B1 (pl) 2010-05-27 2013-10-31 Korona Spolka Akcyjna Sposób wytwarzania swiecy blokowej
DE102012201085A1 (de) * 2012-01-25 2013-07-25 Gala-Kerzen GmbH Verfahren zur maschinellen Herstellung einer selbstverlöschenden Kerze sowie selbstverlöschende Kerze
DE202016000545U1 (de) * 2016-01-29 2016-04-21 Herbert Klewe Kerze sowie Durchbrandsperre für eine Kerze

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PL3653690T3 (pl) 2024-05-20
EP3653690A1 (fr) 2020-05-20

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