EP3647499B1 - Concrete structure - Google Patents

Concrete structure Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3647499B1
EP3647499B1 EP19203200.1A EP19203200A EP3647499B1 EP 3647499 B1 EP3647499 B1 EP 3647499B1 EP 19203200 A EP19203200 A EP 19203200A EP 3647499 B1 EP3647499 B1 EP 3647499B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
blocks
concrete structure
inlets
recesses
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP19203200.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3647499A1 (en
Inventor
Francisco Javier Vidal Cavero
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Individual
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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/06—Moles; Piers; Quays; Quay walls; Groynes; Breakwaters ; Wave dissipating walls; Quay equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/025—Retaining or protecting walls made up of similar modular elements stacked without mortar
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D29/00—Independent underground or underwater structures; Retaining walls
    • E02D29/02—Retaining or protecting walls
    • E02D29/0258—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features
    • E02D29/0266—Retaining or protecting walls characterised by constructional features made up of preformed elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/28—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid
    • E04B2/30—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls
    • E04B2/32—Walls having cavities between, but not in, the elements; Walls of elements each consisting of two or more parts kept in distance by means of spacers, all parts being solid using elements having specially designed means for stabilising the position; Spacers for cavity walls by interlocking of projections or inserts with indentations, e.g. of tongues, grooves, dovetails
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14—Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0215—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions
    • E04B2002/0217—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with separate protrusions of prismatic shape

Definitions

  • This implementation process presents a series of disadvantages, such as that its construction requires the use of heavy machinery as a backhoe, normally caterpillar backhoes and which, by way of an articulated arm provided with a dipper or "claw", the irregular rocks are handled, with the added drawback that if work on asphalt surface is necessary, impairments are caused in the rolling surfaces and disturbances are created affecting road traffic on numerous occasions due to the implementation and/or repair work.
  • the blocks should be selected and their ideal placement should be sought and, equally, as they are placed during the implementation of the retaining wall, they should be stabilised. This requires the help of another operator to align and fit the riprap stones with the resulting risk to the safety of this operator, a risk which increases while the riprap is increasing in height.
  • the selected stone should be collected, the machine moved to the proximity of the wall and the stone placed in the best position, stabilised by a second operator, if applicable, and said operations, in which all or a large part of the passage surface of the traffic is avoided, in the case where the wall is being produced on a slope of a road, have to be carried out again. This is a serious drawback affecting the traffic.
  • a retaining wall block for use to construct a wall.
  • This block has a front surface, a rear surface and a pair of opposite side surfaces defining four vertical edges. It also has a top surface and a bottom surface.
  • Each of the side surfaces is V-shaped and projects outwardly when seen in top or bottom plan view, thereby giving a general truncated diamond-shaped to the top and bottom surfaces of the block.
  • Each of the opposite side surfaces is provided with two integral clippable wings. Each clippable wing projects outwardly from the corresponding side surface so as to extend laterally at least as far away as the corresponding side surface. In use, the wings may be kept or cut depending on the shape selected for the wall to be erected.
  • Document DE102005050456A1 relates to a support wall inclined towards a backfill of the soil, made of individual shaped stones arranged in layers one above the other.
  • the stones of adjacent layers each engage with one another in a form-fitting manner in the region of the upper sides and lower sides of the shaped blocks.
  • the top sides and bottom sides are designed in such a way that individual layers are transverse to an imaginary longitudinal axis of the supporting wall and can be moved in the corresponding direction.
  • WO0153612A1 describes a moulded brick made of concrete. Said brick is especially used to produce a supporting wall which is inclined in relation to the normal against an earth backing.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing said moulded brick and a mould which can be used during the implementation of said method.
  • the upper and lower sides of the moulded bricks are provided with at least two respective bearing surfaces which are progressively offset in relation to each other and run parallel to each other. Said bearing surfaces engage with the bearing surfaces in relation to each other and run parallel to each other and engage with the bearing surfaces of a neighbouring moulded brick.
  • a concrete structure is described in this specification which may or may not be reinforced and/or with fibres.
  • the concrete structure according to claim 1 comprises at least one concrete block with a parallelepipedic configuration that includes two opposing bases, two first opposing lateral faces and two second opposing lateral faces.
  • the block includes inlets located at the ends of the first lateral face which is opposed to the first lateral face which includes the second sections of the recesses.
  • the block comprises inlets with blind holes located in its frontal face which delimits the depth of the inlets.
  • the recesses of the block are delimited by a bottom and two lateral faces converging towards said bottom such that this described configuration facilitates the removal of the block during its manufacture.
  • the two inlets of the block are located at the same distance, taking as a reference one of the bases of said block.
  • the two inlets of the block are located at the same centred distance, taking as a reference the two bases of said block.
  • the reinforced concrete block has dimensions of 2 m x 1 m x 0.5 m; wherein the first lateral faces have greater dimensions than the second lateral faces and wherein the bases have greater dimensions than the first and second lateral faces. With the described dimensions, the concrete block has a weight of around 2200 kg.
  • the reinforced concrete structure comprises at least one horizontal alignment of blocks connected together which are in contact through pairs of their second opposing lateral faces which are parallel to the imaginary central plane, wherein each pair of adjacent blocks, if desired, can be joined by means of an anchoring device.
  • a reinforced concrete structure comprising at least two horizontal alignments of blocks stacked in an orderly manner on top of one another staggered with or without setback can be configured to obtain the gradient or gradients desired.
  • the anchoring device comprises threaded elements, a plate with through holes and nuts.
  • the threaded elements are fixed to the block by means of solutions involving a chemical stud, resins, anchoring bolts etc., being inserted into the lateral blind holes of the blocks.
  • the plate is housed in a hollow formed by each pair of adjacent inlets of the blocks and the nuts thread in end portions of the threaded elements.
  • one part of the end portions of the threaded elements is introduced in the through holes of the plate such that, once the anchoring device is installed, the nuts form a stop on the plate and are housed inside the hollow formed by each pair of adjacent inlets.
  • Each concrete block in its application will settle in a horizontal plane on its base or lateral face equipped with the pair of recesses, the block being able to adopt a horizontal laying down position or a vertical position such that the face or contiguous base pair thereof also equipped with recesses remains in the vertical position, the pair of recesses in the manner of a channel facilitating the drainage of the water.
  • the concrete blocks settle on a horizontal floor plane on the lateral face provided with the pairs of parallel recesses, while the lateral pair face of each block opposed to the lateral face with the parallel recesses, said lateral pair face is arranged in a free upper horizontal plane that includes the adjacent inlets, to be able to fix the blocks by means of the corresponding anchoring devices.
  • the pair of parallel recesses located in a base and in a contiguous lateral face of the concrete block are implemented in a symmetrical position with respect to the central transversal plane of the concrete block as previously referred to such.
  • the handling of the block is facilitated by means of the pair of claws with which the conventional lifting carts or equivalent means are equipped.
  • the reinforced concrete block has preferred measures of 2 m ⁇ 1 m ⁇ 0.5 m and has a weight of approximately 2200 kg
  • the manufacture of each one of them comprises approximately 1 m 3 of concrete, the quantity of concrete material required for shaping the retaining walls to be implemented can be very easily calculated.
  • the described concrete block has as an essential application in accordance with its settling face or settling base equipped with the pair of parallel recesses, the implementation of retaining walls or as a separator and protector element, mainly in the improvements or reshaping of different traffic routes, and, similarly, has other different applications such as a delimiter element or closure element and protection of streets or other spaces.
  • the concrete structure according to claim 1, reinforced or not comprises at least one reinforced concrete block 1 which has a general parallelepipedic shape that includes two opposing bases 1a, 1b, two larger first opposing lateral faces 1c, 1d; and two smaller second opposing lateral faces 1e, 1f; wherein the two bases 1a, 1b have greater dimensions than the four lateral faces 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f; and wherein in one embodiment of the invention the concrete block 1 is supported in a horizontal position on a support surface (foundation, sill, prepared natural terrain, etc.) by means of one of the bases 1a; without discarding the support on any of the four lateral faces 1c, 1d, 1e, 1f.
  • a support surface foundation, sill, prepared natural terrain, etc.
  • the base 1a and the first contiguous lateral face 1d include a pair of recesses 2, 3 such that according to the view of Figure 1 , said pair of recesses 2 and 3 are located in their lower level, corresponding to the base 1a, and in their rear frontal level, corresponding to the first lateral face 1d.
  • the recesses 2, 3 comprise first sections located on the base 1a and second sections located on the first lateral face 1d; wherein the first and second sections merge coinciding with a common edge of the base 1a and the first lateral face 1d.
  • Said recesses 2, 3 are located with a symmetric distribution with respect to an imaginary central plane 10 which is parallel to the second lateral faces 1e, 1f of the block 1.
  • Said inlets 4, 5 interrupt the continuity of frontal edges in which the second lateral faces 1e, 1f and the first lateral face 1c, which is opposed to the first lateral face 1d that includes the second sections of the pair of recesses 2, 3, merge.
  • the inlets 4, 5 are located in a central part, taking as a reference the thickness of the block 1 when it is supported on its base 1a.
  • blind holes are included on frontal faces of the inlets 4, 5.
  • the pair of parallel recesses 2 and 3 are formed at a distance which allows the positioning of the claws of a lifting cart or similar element, with the aim of allowing the handling thereof by means of said claws in a simple, reliable manner with complete security, during its collection and its positioning when creating a retaining wall or similar by means of various, reinforced or not, concrete blocks 1.
  • the concrete blocks 1 are connected and placed until the desired height is reached, such that during their positioning, the adjacent inlets 4 and 5 of two consecutive blocks 1 are connected and flush with one another, as it is observed for example in Figure 8 ; wherein said blocks 1 are in contact with one another by way of their smaller second lateral faces 1e, 1f.
  • the concrete blocks 1 connected to one another can be joined together.
  • threaded elements 6 bolts or threaded rods
  • plates 7 with through holes and nuts 8 wherein said plates 7 are housed in hollows defined by pairs of adjacent inlets 4 and 5.
  • the threaded elements 6 are kept together in the corresponding blind holes by means of studs of chemical material, a resin or equivalent system and in the joining to the plates 7 which are fixed by means of nuts 8 coupled to end portions of the threaded elements 6 which pass through the through holes of said plates 7, with the possibility of including reinforcements formed by jam nuts not represented in the figures.
  • the retaining walls can be finished by their laterals in a tiered shape or vertical manner, in which case the horizontal rows or alignments of concrete blocks 1 are finished (those rows, as required) by half concrete block to obtain the desired finish at their end laterals.
  • the concrete blocks 1 can have a smooth finish on all the faces or bases thereof, or can have, on their visible faces or bases, different finishes which facilitate their integration into the surroundings, as is represented in Figure 12 such that the visible face of the set of the retaining wall has the desired finish.
  • some concrete blocks 1, in addition to the visible lateral faces or bases thereof with different finishes, are also topped with identical finish, on one of the laterals, allowing their positioning in one or another of the end sides of the retaining wall, obtaining a wall lateral finish identical to its visible frontal face.
  • the concrete blocks 1 can be used for multiple uses and thus reference can be made to its use as a means of signalling and/or provisional protection in the implementation, repair, modification or regulation in traffic routes, streets, squares, etc.
  • the concrete blocks 1 will settle on their larger first lateral face 1d that includes the recesses 2, 3 adopting a vertical positioning of the blocks 1 such that, in relation to the first sections of the recesses 2 and 3 of the base 1a arranged in a vertical position, anchoring means will be placed, such as double T-shaped profiles 9 by means of which the concrete blocks 1 are secured from possible impacts, improving their action as a protection element; all of which as shown in Figures 10 and 11 .
  • the double T-shaped profiles 9 are located within the first sections of the recesses 2, 3 at the same time as end parts of said double T-shaped profiles 9 are spiked in the ground.
  • the implementation of the reinforced concrete block 1 as described provides very different advantages, and thus, firstly the materialisation of the blocks 1 can be carried out by means of using the concrete residue from mixer trucks left over from constructions and which, conventionally, is discarded, which represents economic savings and an environmental benefit.
  • the capacity of the transport means is optimised, since the blocks can be connected and stacked, encompassing the entire loading space and in the execution of the unloading operations and obtaining the retaining wall, since they can be carried out, as indicated, by means of lifting carts or boom trucks, without the need to use additional machinery with caterpillar roller means. Impairments in the road are avoided and it can be carried out faster and with less intervention in the normal road traffic.
  • the main advantage of the invention is the security obtained by the structure of the block 1 since it allows its stacking when forming the corresponding retaining wall in a completely stable manner without the need to have an operator stabilise the blocks 1 as the wall is being constructed, with the risk that would be involved therewith.
  • the block 1 of the invention significant optimisation is achieved in the time and the cost of the operations of transport, unloading and implementation of the blocks 1 to construct the wall.
  • the blocks comprise a parallelepipedic configuration, they can also exhibit other prismatic configurations, such as for example a cubic configuration in which the blocks have the eight faces identical.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
EP19203200.1A 2018-10-31 2019-10-15 Concrete structure Active EP3647499B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES201831663U ES1223839Y (es) 2018-10-31 2018-10-31 Estructura de hormigon

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3647499A1 EP3647499A1 (en) 2020-05-06
EP3647499B1 true EP3647499B1 (en) 2023-05-03

Family

ID=65033673

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19203200.1A Active EP3647499B1 (en) 2018-10-31 2019-10-15 Concrete structure

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3647499B1 (fi)
DK (1) DK3647499T3 (fi)
ES (2) ES1223839Y (fi)
FI (1) FI3647499T3 (fi)
PT (1) PT3647499T (fi)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4993206A (en) * 1989-02-03 1991-02-19 National Concrete Masonry Association Interlocking building units and walls constructed thereby
DE4131423A1 (de) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-25 Sf Vollverbundstein Bausatz aus beton-formsteinen sowie eine hieraus erstellte schwergewichts-stuetzmauer
DE10002390A1 (de) * 2000-01-20 2001-07-26 Sf Koop Gmbh Beton Konzepte Formstein aus Beton, Form und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Formsteins
CA2438565A1 (en) * 2003-08-27 2005-02-27 Angelo Risi Retaining wall block with clippable wings
DE102005050456A1 (de) * 2005-10-19 2007-04-26 Sf-Kooperation Gmbh Beton-Konzepte Stützwand

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3647499T (pt) 2023-07-25
FI3647499T3 (fi) 2023-07-27
EP3647499A1 (en) 2020-05-06
ES1223839U (es) 2019-01-28
DK3647499T3 (en) 2023-08-07
ES1223839Y (es) 2019-04-22
ES2951695T3 (es) 2023-10-24

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