EP3642581A1 - Thermometer mit verbesserter ansprechzeit - Google Patents
Thermometer mit verbesserter ansprechzeitInfo
- Publication number
- EP3642581A1 EP3642581A1 EP18723519.7A EP18723519A EP3642581A1 EP 3642581 A1 EP3642581 A1 EP 3642581A1 EP 18723519 A EP18723519 A EP 18723519A EP 3642581 A1 EP3642581 A1 EP 3642581A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- sensor head
- sensor
- filler material
- gas
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/02—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using thermoelectric elements, e.g. thermocouples
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/08—Protective devices, e.g. casings
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K1/00—Details of thermometers not specially adapted for particular types of thermometer
- G01K1/16—Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element
- G01K1/18—Special arrangements for conducting heat from the object to the sensitive element for reducing thermal inertia
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K7/00—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements
- G01K7/16—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements
- G01K7/18—Measuring temperature based on the use of electric or magnetic elements directly sensitive to heat ; Power supply therefor, e.g. using thermoelectric elements using resistive elements the element being a linear resistance, e.g. platinum resistance thermometer
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C1/00—Details
- H01C1/02—Housing; Enclosing; Embedding; Filling the housing or enclosure
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C17/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing resistors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/008—Thermistors
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing a
- Device for determining and / or monitoring the temperature of a medium, and to a corresponding device.
- thermometers which use the expansion of a liquid, a gas or a solid having a known coefficient of expansion for measuring the temperature, or also those which relate the electrical conductivity of a material with the temperature, such as when using resistance elements or thermocouples .
- radiation thermometers in particular pyrometers, are used to determine the temperature of a substance whose thermal radiation is utilized. The respectively
- a temperature sensor in the form of a so-called thin-film sensor, in particular a Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD)
- RTD Resistance Temperature Detector
- a conductor provided with connection wires and applied to a carrier substrate
- Sensor element for use wherein the back of the carrier substrate is usually coated metallic.
- sensor elements are so-called
- Resistance elements which are given for example by platinum elements, used, inter alia, under the names PT10, PT100, and PT1000 are also commercially available.
- the resistance elements are often by means of a soldering process within a sensor head, such as a probe tip, and in particular on the inner bottom of a z. B. made of stainless steel sleeve introduced. Corresponding thermometers are manufactured and distributed by the applicant, for example under the name Quicksens.
- soldering a so-called SMD soldering is performed in many cases, in which first a solder is applied to a first component and then a second component is placed and soldered by heating with the first component.
- a solder plate a defined quantity of solder in the solid state
- solder plate a defined quantity of solder in the solid state
- the solder joint has a great influence on the thermal properties of the
- Thermometers in particular on the thermal coupling between
- thermometers in which the resistance element is soldered to the sensor head, numerous thermometers have become known in which the resistance element is soldered to the sensor head.
- Temperature sensors are enclosed and / or encapsulated, in particular in
- Ceramic powders such as magnesium oxide (MgO) or aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or in a, in particular curing, Keramikverguss. Also such as magnesium oxide (MgO) or aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or in a, in particular curing, Keramikverguss. Also such as magnesium oxide (MgO) or aluminum oxide (Al2O3), or in a, in particular curing, Keramikverguss. Also such
- Thermometers are manufactured and distributed by the Applicant, and bear, for example, the name Strongsens.
- the capsule or potting serves to fix the temperature sensors.
- the temperature sensors for example, the Applicant, and bear, for example, the name Strongsens.
- thermometer Even at high temperatures, esp. At temperatures of about up to 600 ° C, from each other and from the housing of the sensor head, in particular a probe tip isolated.
- a method for producing a thus configured thermometer is for example from the published patent application
- DE02329239A1 has become known.
- predeterminable amounts of a first and a second component of a potting compound are introduced into a casting mold, in particular a sensor tip. Subsequently, the tip of the probe is shaken and / or put into vibration with a predeterminable frequency.
- thermometers in which the temperature sensor is soldered to the sensor head, have particularly good response times for a reaction to a change in the temperature of a medium.
- Corresponding thermometers are disadvantageous, however, not suitable for use for the measurement of high temperatures, in particular temperatures T> 200 ° C. They also show in comparison to
- Thermometers in which the temperature sensor is enclosed and / or encapsulated, a significantly reduced mechanical stability.
- the present invention is based on the object
- thermometers with enclosed and / or encapsulated
- the heat conduction within the sensor head in particular the heat conduction from the Bewandung of the sensor head to the temperature sensor depends crucially on the density of the filling material within the sensor head from - there is a
- Sensor element to a temperature sensor comprising at least one
- Temperature-sensitive element and at least one connecting wire for, in particular electrical, contacting the element may be a resistance element, in particular a platinum element.
- a further advantageous embodiment includes that a vacuum with a pressure of less than 10-1 mbar, preferably less than 10 "2 mbar, and particularly preferably less than 10 " 3 mbar is generated.
- the at least one filling material is a powdery material.
- a powder-shaped material can be particularly easily in a sensor head, which is usually designed in the form of a cylindrical sleeve fill. By using a powder, it can be ensured, in particular, that substantially all intermediate spaces between the inner walls of the sensor head and the sensor element arranged at least partially within the sensor head are filled with filling material. The powdery filler material is often further compressed after filling the sensor head within it. For this purpose, various familiar to the expert
- thermo conductivity of the respective material depends, inter alia, on its density or its solids content.
- a further embodiment includes that at least a first and a second filler material are introduced into the sensor head.
- first and second filler materials are incorporated into the sensor head in the form of a mixture. It is also conceivable, however, that the first and second filling material are also introduced successively into the sensor head. In this case, in particular, a first subregion of the inner volume with the first filling material and a second subregion of the inner volume with the second filling material can be filled.
- a first subregion of the inner volume with the first filling material and a second subregion of the inner volume with the second filling material can be filled.
- the first material is used to fix at least one component of the sensor element and the second material of the heat conduction within the sensor head.
- a further preferred embodiment of the method provides that the sensor head shaken and / or is set into vibrations with a predetermined frequency. This can thus happen during the filling of the at least one filling material so also after the filling. On the one hand, this embodiment ensures a uniform filling of the respective inner volume of the sensor head to be filled.
- a gas is introduced into the sensor head after the introduction of the filling material.
- the gas is preferably a gas having a thermal conductivity of> 0.05 W / (mK), for example helium.
- thermometer is filled.
- the additional filling with a corresponding gas, the response time of the thermometer can be further improved.
- the object is also achieved by a device for determining and / or monitoring a process variable of a medium, comprising a sensor element arranged in a sensor head, which device is produced according to one of the described methods.
- the sensor head comprises a, in particular cylindrical, jacket element, and a, in particular circular, bottom element.
- Embodiments are mutatis mutandis also applicable to the device according to the invention and vice versa.
- thermometer with encapsulated
- FIG. 2 shows a schematic drawing for the course of a method according to the invention
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the thermal conductivity of different materials as a function of their density
- FIG. 3 shows a diagram of the thermal conductivity of different materials as a function of their density
- Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the additional effect by filling the
- thermometer 1 shows a schematic illustration of a thermometer 1 with a protective tube 2 and an electronics unit 4 according to the prior art.
- the portion of the protective tube 2 facing the respective medium 5 is also referred to as the sensor head 3.
- An inner volume V of the sensor head 3 is filled with a filling material 6.
- a temperature sensor 7 is arranged in the inner volume V of the sensor head 3, which in the embodiment shown, a temperature-sensitive element 8, here in the form of a resistive element, and two connecting wires 9a, 9b for electrical
- Contacting with the electronic unit 5 includes.
- the temperature-sensitive element 8 and a subsection of the connecting wires 9a, 9b of the temperature sensor 7 are enclosed and / or encapsulated by the filling material 6 within the internal volume V of the sensor head 3. This leads to a particularly high mechanical stability and vibration resistance of the thermometer 1.
- thermometer 1 in which at least one component of the temperature sensor 7, in this case the
- the filling material 6 is, for example, an aluminum oxide, a magnesium oxide, a particularly hardening ceramic casting,
- Carbon nanotube Carbon nanotube, boron nitride, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, or a metal, in particular aluminum, copper or silver.
- the filling material 6 is electrically conductive
- various measures are conceivable for an electrical short circuit between at least one component 8,9 of the temperature sensor 7 and the sensor head 3, which usually consists of a
- the connecting wires 8, 9 can be surrounded over a large portion by electrical insulation (not shown). In the area of the contacting between the connecting wires 9a, 9b, an electrically insulating molding (also not shown) may be used. With regard to this subject, many further possibilities are known to the person skilled in the art, all of which fall under the present invention.
- thermometer in addition to a high mechanical stability which can be achieved by casting or encapsulating the sensor element, it is also possible to achieve the highest possible thermal conductivity ⁇ in relation to the filling material 6 is desirable.
- thermal conductivity ⁇ in relation to the filling material 6 is desirable.
- the two efforts are usually not readily reconcilable.
- This problem is addressed by the present invention in that an internal volume V of the sensor head 3 is vacuumized before the filling material 6 is introduced. By generating a vacuum, an increased density of the filling material 6 can be achieved, which leads to significantly improved response times of the respective thermometer.
- a powder is particularly advantageous because it is particularly easy to introduce into the sensor head 3.
- the inner volume V of the sensor head 3 is uniformly filled with the filler material 6.
- Analogous considerations can also be made for other states of aggregation of a filling material, as well as for granules or the like.
- a vacuum is created within an inner volume V of the sensor head 3 generated.
- a device 10 in the form of a T-shaped piece of pipe can be used, in which in a first end portion 10a via a valve 1 1 a
- Vacuum pump 12 and in a second end portion 10 b of the sensor head 3 can be introduced.
- the sensor head 3 comprises a cylindrical jacket element, which is not closed in the area facing the T-shaped pipe section 10 but can be vacuumized via the opening O.
- the sensor head 3 can by means of a suitable seal 12, for example in the form of an O-ring, within the T-shaped
- Pipe piece 10 are attached.
- An opening of the T-shaped pipe section 10 in a third end region finally has a thread 13a, to which a cap 14 can be screwed with a corresponding complementary thread 13b, within which the at least one filler 6 is located.
- thermometer 1 the inner volume V of the sensor head 3 is vacuumized via the pipe section 10 in a first step.
- a vacuum is produced at a pressure of less than 10.sup.- 1 mbar, and the cap 14 can then optionally be heated for a predeterminable time interval in order to remove any impurities within the powder 6.
- the impurities relate, for example, to adsorptive adsorption to the powder 6
- the temperature at which the cap 14 is heated with the powder 6 should preferably be less than a melting or
- the device 10 can be rotated, for example, according to the direction of rotation indicated by the arrows 15a, 15b so that the powder 6 can be filled by the cap 14 into the sensor head 3.
- the sensor head 3 with the device 10 optionally shaken additionally and / or in vibrations with a predetermined
- the sensor head 3 is closed. This can be done, for example, by welding an opening O by means of a
- Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the thermal conductivity ⁇ of a powdery filler 6 in the form of an aluminum oxide (Al2O3) as a function of the solids content of the bed in volume percent shown.
- the thermal conductivity ⁇ of a powder can be determined on the basis of the thermal conductivities of its components.
- the powder itself ( ⁇ ⁇ ) and the medium surrounding the powder (A m ), generally air, as well as the volume fraction (v) of the surrounding medium (m) are taken into account. The following applies:
- volume percent corresponding to an increased density of the filler material 6, to a significantly improved thermal conductivity ⁇ .
- a sensor head 3 to be encapsulated is filled through the opening O with the respective filling material 6, as a rule in the form of a powder.
- the air, which is located in the inner volume V of the sensor head 3, is from the
- a very commonly used filling material is given by alumina powder.
- the density of typical alumina powder used in the field of thermometry is in the range of 0.9-1, 12 kg / dm 3 , which corresponds to a solids content x of about 28% by volume.
- the thermal conductivity ⁇ of an aluminum oxide powder is about 0.15-0.18W / (mK) and is about 150 times lower than the thermal conductivity of aluminum in the form of a solid.
- Aluminum oxide powder for example, an increase in the solids content x of about 28% to about 35% can be achieved.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention includes that the inner volume V of the sensor head 3 is additionally filled with a gas after introduction of the filling material 6, for example by means of the valve 1 1 of FIG. 2. After filling the sensor head 3 under vacuum is the Sensor head 3
- a gas preferably at a pressure of about 5 bar, particularly preferably at a pressure of at least 10 bar, is then introduced into the sensor head 3.
- the gas is a gas with a high thermal conductivity ⁇ , in particular with a
- Thermal conductivity ⁇ which is greater than that of air.
- Particularly preferred and also for the example shown in Fig. 4 is used as gas helium.
- the sensor head 3 is prior to filling the gas to a remaining opening
- the remaining opening is thus preferably chosen as small as possible in order to minimize leakage of the gas when closing the sensor head 3 after filling of the gas.
- the gas After the gas has been introduced into the sensor head 3, it is completely closed, for example by means of a welding process.
- FIG. 4 The effect of additional filling of the sensor head 3 with a gas is schematically illustrated in FIG. 4 for the example of helium.
- the diagram shows for
- Air pockets are further displaced, resulting in a further increase in
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Measuring Temperature Or Quantity Of Heat (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102017113768.8A DE102017113768A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 | 2017-06-21 | Thermometer mit verbesserter Ansprechzeit |
PCT/EP2018/062055 WO2018233925A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-05-09 | Thermometer mit verbesserter ansprechzeit |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3642581A1 true EP3642581A1 (de) | 2020-04-29 |
Family
ID=62143196
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18723519.7A Withdrawn EP3642581A1 (de) | 2017-06-21 | 2018-05-09 | Thermometer mit verbesserter ansprechzeit |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11480476B2 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3642581A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN110832291A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102017113768A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018233925A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102019134440A1 (de) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-17 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Messgerät |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2780703A (en) * | 1952-11-12 | 1957-02-05 | Gen Electric | Quick response resistance temperature detector |
US3699200A (en) * | 1970-03-19 | 1972-10-17 | Atomic Energy Commission | High-resistance electrical conductor encapsulation |
JPS5662823A (en) * | 1979-10-29 | 1981-05-29 | Nitto Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat-resistant resin forming material with high flexibility |
JPS5670436A (en) | 1979-11-14 | 1981-06-12 | Toshiba Corp | Temperature sensor of electronic thermometer and manufacture thereof |
US4597675A (en) * | 1983-04-04 | 1986-07-01 | The Garrett Corporation | Mean temperature sensor |
EP0818671A3 (de) * | 1996-07-12 | 1998-07-08 | Isuzu Ceramics Research Institute Co., Ltd. | Thermo-element mit keramischer Hülle |
US6109784A (en) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-08-29 | Micro Weiss Electronics | Fast response digital thermometer |
US6341892B1 (en) * | 2000-02-03 | 2002-01-29 | George Schmermund | Resistance thermometer probe |
DE10322166B4 (de) * | 2002-11-12 | 2005-04-28 | Heraeus Sensor Technology Gmbh | Temperaturfühler und seine Verwendung |
DE102006048448A1 (de) | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-17 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Erzeugen einer Lotverbindung |
CN101173873A (zh) * | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-07 | 上海自动化仪表股份有限公司 | 一种核级铂电阻温度计及其减小热响应时间的方法 |
DE102007031028A1 (de) | 2007-07-04 | 2009-01-08 | Hte Ag The High Throughput Experimentation Company | Steckverbindungsvorrichtung mit Temperaturmesskern |
US8118486B2 (en) * | 2008-09-04 | 2012-02-21 | AGlobal Tech, LLC | Very high speed temperature probe |
SI23302A (sl) * | 2010-02-19 | 2011-08-31 | Hidria AET DruĹľba za proizvodnjo vĹľignih sistemov in elektronike d.o.o. | Postopek izdelave temperaturnih tipal |
CN102313611B (zh) * | 2010-07-01 | 2014-03-12 | 上海宝钢化工有限公司 | 一种快速响应的多点温度计 |
JP5216947B1 (ja) * | 2012-10-19 | 2013-06-19 | 株式会社岡崎製作所 | 極低温用測温抵抗体素子 |
CN103604526A (zh) * | 2013-11-08 | 2014-02-26 | 曲阜天博汽车零部件制造有限公司 | 一种采用拉伸壳体的快速响应温度传感器 |
JP6323100B2 (ja) * | 2014-03-20 | 2018-05-16 | 株式会社デンソー | 温度センサ及びその製造方法 |
CN204373810U (zh) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-03 | 浙江伦特机电有限公司 | 快速响应抗冲刷温度计 |
DE102015112199A1 (de) | 2015-07-27 | 2017-02-02 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co. Kg | Lötverfahren |
DE102016125403A1 (de) | 2016-12-22 | 2018-06-28 | Endress + Hauser Wetzer Gmbh + Co Kg | Temperatursensor |
WO2018146787A1 (ja) * | 2017-02-10 | 2018-08-16 | 株式会社岡崎製作所 | 測温抵抗体センサ及びその製作方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-06-21 DE DE102017113768.8A patent/DE102017113768A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-05-09 EP EP18723519.7A patent/EP3642581A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-05-09 US US16/624,380 patent/US11480476B2/en active Active
- 2018-05-09 CN CN201880040492.3A patent/CN110832291A/zh active Pending
- 2018-05-09 WO PCT/EP2018/062055 patent/WO2018233925A1/de unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018233925A1 (de) | 2018-12-27 |
US20200132556A1 (en) | 2020-04-30 |
US11480476B2 (en) | 2022-10-25 |
DE102017113768A1 (de) | 2018-12-27 |
CN110832291A (zh) | 2020-02-21 |
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