EP3612753A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung von beschädigung, verschleiss und/oder unwucht in einem getriebe, insbesondere einem umlaufrädergetriebe - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung von beschädigung, verschleiss und/oder unwucht in einem getriebe, insbesondere einem umlaufrädergetriebeInfo
- Publication number
- EP3612753A1 EP3612753A1 EP18724141.9A EP18724141A EP3612753A1 EP 3612753 A1 EP3612753 A1 EP 3612753A1 EP 18724141 A EP18724141 A EP 18724141A EP 3612753 A1 EP3612753 A1 EP 3612753A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- measured value
- transmission
- tooth
- gear
- measuring point
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 claims description 40
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/36—Power transmission arrangements between the different shafts of the gas turbine plant, or between the gas-turbine plant and the power user
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K3/00—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan
- F02K3/02—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber
- F02K3/04—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type
- F02K3/06—Plants including a gas turbine driving a compressor or a ducted fan in which part of the working fluid by-passes the turbine and combustion chamber the plant including ducted fans, i.e. fans with high volume, low pressure outputs, for augmenting the jet thrust, e.g. of double-flow type with front fan
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H1/00—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector
- G01H1/003—Measuring characteristics of vibrations in solids by using direct conduction to the detector of rotating machines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/30—Application in turbines
- F05D2220/36—Application in turbines specially adapted for the fan of turbofan engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/40—Transmission of power
- F05D2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
- F05D2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
- F05D2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclical, planetary or differential type
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2260/00—Function
- F05D2260/80—Diagnostics
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/01—Monitoring wear or stress of gearing elements, e.g. for triggering maintenance
- F16H2057/012—Monitoring wear or stress of gearing elements, e.g. for triggering maintenance of gearings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/01—Monitoring wear or stress of gearing elements, e.g. for triggering maintenance
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H57/00—General details of gearing
- F16H57/08—General details of gearing of gearings with members having orbital motion
- F16H57/082—Planet carriers
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a device for determining damage, excessive wear and / or an occurring imbalance within a transmission, in particular an epicyclic gear.
- Planetary gear also referred to as planetary gear
- Planetary gear units are used for example in turbofan engines for aircraft, in particular in so-called "geared turbofan engine.”
- the purpose of such a planetary gear is here, for example, the reduction of the rotational speed of a tubular shaft (which forms the input shaft of the epicyclic gear) to a lower rotational speed for a Fan of the engine.
- Measurement curve for a rotating transmission part of the transmission e.g. a sun gear or at least one planet gear of a planetary gear, is detected
- the measured values or measured value profiles conventionally recorded as measuring signals at successive triggering times are added up for the measuring point and the sum of the measured values or a summed measured value profile is stored,
- An ensemble averaging for the measured values or measured value curves is automatically performed by dividing the sum of the measured values or each measured value of the accumulated measured value profile by the meter reading after each increase of the meter reading, in order thus to make up an ensemble item for the metering point to determine which one is aiming for the measured value portions which correlate to a finite value at the time of triggering and which tends to zero for non-correlated measured value portions, and
- the ensemble means is compared with at least one reference value or reference profile in order to obtain a deviation of the
- Uncorrelated measured value components go to zero with the number of trigger times relevant for the periodic acquisitions, whereas correlated measured value portions with the number of trigger instants run against infinity towards a fixed, finite value. If, for example, a statement about an eccentricity of a gear wheel of the transmission is to be made here, the correlation must lie on a trigger time which recurs after one revolution. It is initially fundamentally open with regard to the choice of the trigger time whether, for example, in the observation of a sun gear in a planetary gear planet wheels should have the same position repeatedly to not have variances by the planetary gears in the evaluation, or always different positions of the planetary gears for the successive trigger times are assumed, so that the planet gears tostoffn. The same consideration applies to the observation of an eccentricity of the planet wheels.
- the acquired measured value or the recorded measured value course in this case represents the force or position profile in the tooth contact (divided into rolling and sliding phase).
- the position of the force input on the tooth flanks which is reflected in the measured values by measurement, varies with the rolling of the tooth flanks relative to one another.
- the force entry begins on a narrow (axial) side of the tooth, this zone widened to the full tooth width. Then the zone of force input becomes smaller again, decreasing on the opposite (axial) side of the tooth.
- Force induced deformations are e.g.
- a deformation and / or structure-borne noise can be measured at the measuring point.
- the summed measured values or measured value profiles of the associated measuring signals allow a reliable statement about different errors by the envisaged ensemble averaging.
- this is a wear of the teeth, a Zahnfußriss or -riss, a crack in the ring gear, a one-sided running of the planet gears, a static and / or dynamic axis offset, a non-circular run in the bearings of the planetary gears, a non-circular barrel in the output shaft (and thus, for example, a propeller axis when using the (planetary gear) in an aircraft engine) or a non-circular run in the input shaft (and thus eg a turbine axis when using the ( Umlaufgan-) transmission in an aircraft engine) detectable, since the corresponding errors or signs of wear on the ensemble medium in comparison with the - possibly also ensemble-averaged - reference value or reference curve have different deviations result.
- the evaluation logic based on the ensemble means
- the trigger time is selected based on a phase position of at least two rotating transmission parts of the transmission to each other, for example.
- the trigger time thus serves e.g. as a reference for a change in the observed tooth.
- the trigger time can be predetermined by the phase position of an output shaft and an input shaft of the transmission.
- the phase position and thus the trigger time or the trigger times are given here, for example, by the shaft or the gear on which an observed tooth is provided.
- a stationary ring gear of a planetary gear train at measuring points sensor devices are mounted, which are able to measure the deformation and at the respective measuring point the force input and the structure-borne noise.
- the pairings of teeth of the different gears, in particular the teeth of the ring gear and the teeth of a planetary gear are repeated periodically at certain time intervals. Proceeding from this, it is then provided in a variant that a number is assigned to each individual tooth on each planetary gear. Whenever the tooth uniquely assigned to this number reappears at the measuring point, it is assigned to one of the numbers or teeth Memory the detected measured value or measured value course added up. For ensemble averaging, the sum is then divided by the number of measurements taken in a meter reading.
- the signals or signal components correlated to a trigger point increase.
- the signals or signal components which are not correlated at a trigger time go to zero for the ensemble medium.
- the ensemble means can be calculated differently.
- the ensemble means to be used for the detection of damage to a tooth flank may differ from that ensemble means which is used as the basis for detecting an imbalance of the sun shaft.
- a challenge in the proposed method is e.g. the exact detection of a phase angle in order to be able to precisely determine the times of the summation (trigger times).
- a trigger time is predetermined via a phase determination sensor which has at least one additional sensor device.
- the phase determination sensor system comprises at least one sensor means, as part of the sensor device, which is associated with a shaft or a gear wheel of the transmission.
- the phase determination sensor system comprises at least one sensor means, as part of the sensor device, which is associated with a shaft or a gear wheel of the transmission.
- a trigger time for the observed tooth can be set in a rest position of a planetary gear in which the observed tooth rests against another tooth of the gear part provided with the at least one sensor device at the measuring point.
- the phase determination sensor is thus in this variant For example, it is determined that a signal which can be detected in the current rest position via the phase determination sensor system is decisive for the phase position and thus the trigger time and thus the summation should take place at each renewed (periodic) occurrence of this signal during operation of the epicyclic gearbox.
- the phase determination sensor system may include at least one sensor-detectable marking means on each shaft or gear wheel and at least one reading sensor means.
- a "reading" of the phase information of the shaft or of the gear wheel using the marking means and the sensor means can fundamentally be based on different technologies, for example magnetic, optical, capacitive and / or inductive.
- the ensemble means after a comparison of the ensemble means with the at least one reference value or reference curve, it is checked whether the counter reading exceeds a stored forgetting factor, and in the case that the counter reading is greater than the forgetting factor, the sum of the measured values or accumulated measured value course as well as the counter reading before the next trigger time are set to zero.
- the ensemble means After comparing the ensemble means with the at least one reference value or reference curve in order to evaluate whether there is damage, excessive wear and / or imbalance within the transmission, the sum of the measured values or the accumulated measured value course and, on the other hand, the corresponding counter reading are thus possibly on the one hand set to zero.
- the forgetting factor for the detection of an imbalance is usually chosen to be larger, so that only after a plurality of measurement cycles, a reset to zero, since there is an unbalance on the basis of a longer series of measurements and comparison with at least fix a reference value or at least one reference curve with greater certainty than with a shorter series of measurements.
- the sum of the measured values or the accumulated measured value profile is always determined by means of a predetermined limited number of detected measured values or measured value profiles. Older values are thus not deleted in this variant after summing but filled with new values and the oldest values are overwritten by "pushing through” (so-called “moving average”). The sum used for ensemble averaging is then always formed over a current data record, the contains a certain number of last measured values or measured value curves.
- the at least one reference value or the at least one reference profile may also have been determined by ensemble averaging for the measuring point at the triggering time by means of the electronic sensor device, e.g. for a given reference period of the (epicyclic) transmission.
- a reference period e.g. The reference period thus covers in particular a so-called run-in time of the (epicyclic) transmission.
- the period of time in which the (epicyclic) transmission was operated At least one ensemble-averaged reference value or at least one ensemble-averaged reference value profile can be recorded and stored over a running-in period / or an imbalance has occurred.
- the at least one reference value or at least one reference course can be based (additionally) on a service life model for the (epicyclic) transmission.
- a tolerated wear over the service life of the (epicyclic) gearbox is taken into account. Accordingly, for example, varies for the evaluation of a possible damage, excessive wear and / or an unbalance occurred within the (epicyclic) gear used and determined from a stored reference curve reference value with the operating life of the (epicyclic) gear.
- a plurality of electronic sensor devices are provided at different measuring points on the same transmission part of the transmission, for example on the ring gear of an epicyclic gearbox, at which at least one measured value or one measured value profile is repeatedly recorded at one or more triggering times.
- the relevant phase positions for the different measuring points are then usually different for several trigger times.
- it can be detected electronically for the different measuring points when at least one particular of several observed teeth of different rotating gear wheels passes the assigned measuring point.
- the number of passages is stored in an associated counter memory for each observed tooth by incrementing a counter reading stored in the counter memory for that tooth each time the respective measuring points pass through the respective tooth.
- ensemble averaging for the recorded measured values or measured value curves of each measuring point is automatically carried out by dividing the sum of the measured values or each measured value of the accumulated measured value profile by the number of passages of this tooth after each increase of the counter reading for the associated observed tooth to determine an ensemble agent for the respective measuring point on the basis of the associated tooth.
- an electronic sensor device is provided on the stationary ring gear for each meshing with the ring gear planetary gear of a planetary gear.
- this is not mandatory.
- a sensor device on the ring gear can gain sufficiently meaningful measurement data.
- the behavior of the ring gear in individual sections can also be compared with one another and thus checked electronically.
- a first measured value or a first measured value profile can be detected at the transmission, in particular a planetary gear, for each of the different measuring points, then an average value or mean value profile is formed from the first measured values or detected first measured value profiles detected for the different measuring points Influence of each observed teeth too mittein.
- a reference value or reference curve can nonetheless also be formed only via the instrumentation.
- measured values or measured value profiles for different tooth sections of the same tooth observed can be detected at one measuring point by means of the at least one electronic sensor device. In this case, in each case the count for the teeth comprising the tooth sections is used for ensemble averaging for the different tooth sections.
- one embodiment provides that the determination of damage, wear and / or imbalance takes place in the operation of a transmission of an engine, in particular of a gas turbine engine.
- a further aspect of the invention is the provision of a device for determining damage, wear and / or imbalance in a gear designed as a gear transmission, in particular an epicyclic gearbox by means of at least one electronic sensor device of the device.
- the device has an evaluation logic, by means of which the measured values or measured value profiles acquired at successive triggering times are added up for the measuring point and the sum of the measured values or an accumulated measured value profile is stored by means of a memory device of the device,
- the memory device is set up and provided to store in a counter memory a counter reading which is increased by 1 at each triggering time for the rotating gearbox part,
- ensemble averaging for the acquired measured values or measured value profiles can be carried out automatically by dividing the sum of the measured values or each measured value of the summed measured value course by the meter reading after each increase of the meter reading, in order thus to determine an ensemble means for the measuring point that is suitable for the measured value components, which at the time of triggering are aimed at reaching a finite value and which tends to zero for non-correlating measured value components, and by means of the evaluation logic, the ensemble means is comparable to at least one reference value or reference curve in order to indicate a possible damage, excessive wear and / or unbalance within a deviation of the ensemble from the at least one reference value or reference curve beyond at least one threshold value the transmission (in particular, an indication of an uneven load distribution on the planets or uneven load distribution on the planets during orbit within the epicyclic gearbox) in a planetary gearbox.
- An embodiment variant of a device according to the invention can be set up and provided in particular for carrying out a method according to the invention. Accordingly, advantages and features explained above and below in connection with variant embodiments of a method according to the invention also apply to embodiments of a device according to the invention and vice versa.
- an embodiment variant provides that
- At least one electronic sensor device By means of the at least one electronic sensor device during operation of the transmission at the measuring point on a transmission part of the transmission periodically to the at least one predetermined trigger time at least one measured value or a measured value course for a rotating transmission part of the transmission is detected, wherein at least two rotating transmission parts of the planetary gear have certain phase relationship to each other, and
- the device is further electronically detectable when at least one particular, observed tooth of a rotating transmission part in the form of a
- Gear wheel passes the measuring point, wherein the memory device is set up and provided to store the number of passages as a count in the counter memory by the counter stored in the counter memory count is increased by 1 each time the tooth.
- Figure 1 shows a variant of an inventive device with a planetary gear in a sectional view; on an enlarged scale, a detail of an internally toothed ring gear of the epicyclic gearbox of Figure 1 with a partial planetary gear meshing with the ring gear; a diagram illustrating different summed to periodically recurring trigger times accumulated waveforms; schematically the comparison of an ensemble obtained from the waveforms of Figure 3 Ensemble means with a reference waveform;
- Figure 3B is a diagram illustrating accumulated signal waveforms with multiple sampling points
- Figure 4 shows the epicyclic gearing with illustration of different
- FIG. 5 schematically shows an embodiment of an inventive
- FIG. 6 shows a gas turbine engine in a sectional side view, in which a device according to the invention and an inventive
- FIG. 6 shows a side view of a gas turbine engine 200, in which the individual components are arranged one behind the other along a rotational or central axis 210.
- the gas turbine engine 200 of FIG. 6 is designed here as a so-called geared turbofan engine, that is to say as a turbofan engine with a reduction gear for driving a fan 230 arranged on an inlet or intake 220.
- This fan 230 conveys air via the inlet 220 into the gas turbine engine 200 and here on the one hand in a known manner on the one hand in a bypass duct 230 of a fan casing 310 and on the other hand to a core engine 330.
- the sucked air is compressed via a low-pressure compressor 250 and a high-pressure compressor 260 arranged downstream thereof and fed to a combustion chamber 270.
- the compressor stage with the low-pressure compressor 250 and the high-pressure compressor 260 is driven on the one hand and the fan 230 on the other hand to provide the majority of the thrust via the air conveyed into the bypass duct 230.
- a turbine shaft driven by the turbine stage usually the low-pressure turbine 290, is used to drive the fan 230.
- an epicyclic gear 100 is provided in order to reduce the rotational speed of the turbine shaft for the drive of the fan 230.
- the shaft connected to the turbine stage is provided as an input shaft 232 to which a sun gear S of the epicyclic gear 100 is non-rotatably arranged.
- a rotation of the input shaft 232 is converted via the epicyclic gear 100 in a reduced rotational speed rotation of an output shaft 231 of the epicyclic gear 100, which drives the fan 230.
- This output shaft 231 is presently formed by the web shaft of the epicyclic gear 100.
- the output shaft 231 is accordingly connected to the axes of the planetary gears P1 to P5 of the epicyclic gearbox 100 revolving around the sun gear S during operation, and thus to a planet carrier of the epicyclic gearing 100.
- the sun gear S and the planet gears P1 to P5 are arranged within an internally toothed ring gear H of the epicyclic gear 100, on which the planetary gears P1 to P5 are driven by the sun gear S (see also FIG.
- the planetary gear 100 shown in Figure 1 has on the fixed ring gear H more, in the present case five sensor devices Sei to Se5. These sensor devices Sei to Se5 are coupled to an electronic evaluation device AE.
- This evaluation device AE has an evaluation logic AL for the acquisition and evaluation of measurement signals which are provided to the sensor devices Sei to Se5. Furthermore, a memory MEM is part of the evaluation device AE.
- This memory MEM comprises, on the one hand, a signal sequence memory SVS for storing (accumulated) measurement signals and a plurality of counter memories ZS for storing counter readings.
- the evaluation logic AL of the evaluation device AE is configured to perform ensemble averaging with the aid of measurement signals and counter readings stored in the memory MEM. The ensemble means determined in this case can be compared with reference values or reference curves stored in the evaluation unit AE.
- an alarm signal can be output via an alarm generator AG, which is coupled to the evaluation device AE or integrated therein, or a readable error flag can be set.
- phase determination sensor PS is provided.
- the respective trigger times are signaled the respective trigger times, to which are added up by the sensor devices Sei to Se5 measured signals in the waveform memory SVS and an associated count in the respective counter memory ZS is to increase by 1.
- a sensor means PSs1 which is arranged on one of the planetary gears P1 to P5 in order to detect a phase angle of a planetary P1.
- this may be a detectable marking that can be read by a sensor arranged on the ring gear H.
- a planetary gear P1 may, for example, also be a small magnet which can be detected via a coil arranged on the ring gear H.
- phase position Due to the epicyclic orbits of the planetary gears P1 to P5 traveling around the sun gear S during operation of the planetary gear train 100, such a coil is then provided at the height of the intersection of the epicyclic tracks in order to reliably detect the phase position of the planet gears P1 to P5.
- the determination of the phase position can also be based on other technologies, eg optical, capacitive and / or inductive.
- the sensor devices Be to Se5 which are arranged on the stationary ring gear H, in each case a measurement of the forces acting in the tooth contact takes place here. For this purpose, a deformation can be measured by means of the respective sensor devices Sei to Se5 on the ring gear H.
- each sensor device Sei to Se5 is equipped, for example, with a piezoelectric element.
- Another measurement method for the measurement on the fixed ring gear H is, for example, the inverse magnetostriction.
- the inverse magnetostriction has the advantage that it is possible to directly measure the force-dependent deformation in the material and thus also the force distribution in the middle of the teeth. This can be achieved by mounted outside of the gears coils or Hall sensors. As a result, deformations are not only detectable where sensor devices can be attached without problems.
- the proposed solution is based on the basic idea that by an Ensemble averaging with phase-accurate triggering by the transmission shafts of the epicyclic gear 100, in this case the input shaft 232 with the sun gear S and the output shaft 231 of the planet gears P1 to P5, non-correlated signal or measured value over the time will be eliminated.
- the pairings of teeth of the ring gear H and the individual planetary gears P1 to P5 repeat at longer time intervals.
- a (tooth) number P1, 1..P1, n is associated with, for example, each individual tooth of a planetary P1.
- a counter reading for the respective tooth number P1, 1..P1, n is added up in the counter memory ZS of the evaluation unit AE, thus increasing a count for the respective tooth by one.
- Each tooth of the planetary gear P1 to be observed consequently has a corresponding counter reading.
- the summed measurement signal for each observed tooth P1, 1... P1, n is divided by the number of measurements, which are given in FIG the counter memory ZS is stored as a count.
- the ensemble means is thus determined in phase, synchronized, for example, to the axis angle of the input shaft 232 of the sun gear S, the output shaft 231 of the planet gears P1 to P5 and the rotation of the planet gears P1 to P5.
- non-correlated signal and thus measured value components of the phase-synchronously recorded measurement signals approach 0 as the number of measurements increases, in particular approaches infinity.
- correlating signal or measured value components increase. From the calculated Ensembelitteln can then not only make a statement about given correlations, but also - by comparison with a reference value or reference curve - detect whether compared to a delivery state of the planetary gear 100, a change and thus possibly an error has occurred.
- different errors can be detected by a change in the calculated ensemble means with respect to a reference value or reference curve and assigned to a specific error type.
- each tooth section ZA1 or ZA2 has an allocated memory in the signal sequence memory SVS, in which Repetition rate of the teeth at the measuring point of the respective sensor device Until Se5 is summed phase-accurate periodically.
- the respective measured value or measured value course added up on the basis of the detected measurement signals is divided by the number of measurements in accordance with the count stored in the counter memory ZS.
- the individual teeth of the ring gear H are further numbered from H1 to Hn-1.
- a tooth-related damage detection via a pairing of a specific tooth of the hollow panel H (eg tooth H1), on which a sensor device Sei to Se5 is arranged, and the individual teeth P1, 1... P1, n - 1 of a planetary gear P1 possible.
- the diagram of FIG. 3 shows different measurement signal profiles s (t) over time t (or the phase angle of input shaft 232).
- T R which is given via the phase position of the gears (sun S and planet gears P1 to P5) and remains constant, measurement signal curves (P1, 1) i to (P1, 1) m are detected.
- the respective signal profile is representative of one certain tooth pairing, in this case exemplarily for a pairing of the tooth H1 on the internally toothed ring gear H and the tooth P1, 1 of a planet P1.
- a summed signal curve corresponds to ⁇ (l, l) ; summed up
- the running variable i represents the repetition of the respective tooth pairing.
- the evaluation of whether damage, excessive wear and / or imbalance within the epicyclic gear 100 also on the basis of a determined average, which is distributed over several (all) of the circumference of the ring gear H arranged sensor devices Sei Se5 is won.
- the ensemble means for the respective observed tooth n of the k sensor devices are summed up to Sew and the sum is divided by the number k of the sensor devices Sei to Sew on the circumference of the ring gear H in order to drop any peculiarities of the ring gear H and not to flow into it.
- Such an average is calculated e.g. for the tooth n of the planetary gear P1, therefore:
- the accumulated measurement signal can change in the event of a mechanical fault within the epicyclic gear 100.
- the course of the measurement signal shifts by a deviation ⁇ due to wear in the observed tooth contact. Consequently, in this case, compared with the measuring signal curves (Pl, n) belonging to a fault-free operation of planetary gear transmission 100, Sew i are displaced
- the reference value or reference course can of course also be obtained from the instrumentation in the delivery state of the epicyclic gear 100.
- the ensemble averaging does not aim at correlating signal or measured value components for an increasing number of measurements towards 0, while correlating signal or measured value components tend towards a finite value.
- excessive wear and / or imbalance within the epicyclic gear 100 can be detected from the ensemble-averaged measured values or measured value curves with phase-accurate triggering of the measured value detection, wherein deformations on the teeth of the ring gear H only on the sensor devices Sei to Se5 on the stationary ring gear H H and possibly additionally the structure-borne noise is measured.
- the force input at the measuring point defined via the respective sensor device Sei to Se5 changes with the frequency of the sun gear S or the input shaft 232. This then indicates a lack of synchronism of the input shaft 232. If, in contrast to the frequency of the output shaft 231, the measured force input changes, this indicates a lack of synchronization of the planetary shafts rotatably supporting the planetary gears P1 to P5 of the planetary carrier connected to the output shaft 231.
- An unequal load when passing the individual planetary gears P1 to P5 in turn suggests that there is an offset of a planetary gear shaft or a wear of a tooth of a planetary gear P1 to P5. Similarly, a wear on the tooth flanks shifts a phase position during tooth contact.
- piezoelectric elements are used to measure the force at the sensor devices Sei to Se5-as we already mentioned above-they can also measure structure-borne noise. This structure-borne noise can also be used for diagnosis.
- structure-borne noise can also be used for diagnosis.
- a piezoelectric element on the stationary ring gear H on the tooth root of a tooth of the ring gear H can then detect this structure-borne noise and thus be used for sensory detection of slip-stick effects.
- FIG. 3B illustrates the additional possibility of obtaining more detailed information about the rolling in the tooth contact.
- temporally subsequent sampling points are provided.
- a summation of individual measured values of the detected signal curves (as the sum of the individual points on the perpendicular lines shown in dashed lines in FIG. 3B) and the respectively accumulated measured value is then also divided by the number of measurements stored in the counter memory ZS is.
- the course of the individual tooth contacts at the sampling times can also be analyzed via ensemble-averaged measured values.
- gear pairs between a planetary gear P1 to P5 and the sun gear S can be evaluated, namely on the effect of the observed gear ring gear H, for example H1, to which a sensor device Sei, Se2, Se3, Se4 or Se5 is provided.
- the tooth of the sun gear S is evaluated in interaction with the average value of the interaction of all teeth of all planets P1 to P5 in the force acting on the tooth on the ring gear H with the sensor device Sei to Se5.
- An occurring imbalance in the sun gear S is detectable here with the sensor devices Sei to Se5.
- trigger signals for specifying a trigger time t T R for the ensemble average to be performed can basically (also) come from precise phase measurements of the waves.
- trigger time t T R for the ensemble average to be performed can basically (also) come from precise phase measurements of the waves.
- FIG. 3B it is also possible to trigger on the beginning of the adhesion.
- a first method step A1 the phase relationship of the gearwheels of the epicyclic gearbox 100 and thus the triggering time tjR are determined via the phase determination sensor PS.
- an average value can also be formed for the selection of the possible tooth combinations via the measuring points of the sensor devices Sei to Se5 in order to mittein the influence of the teeth of the ring gear H, at which a deformation and structure-borne noise is measured during operation of the epicyclic gear 100 .
- a detection of the measurement signals or measured values or measured value profiles including the summation in the signal sequence memory SVS takes place.
- an increase in the respective counter reading (possibly of a plurality of tooth-specific and / or error-specific counter readings) takes place in the counter memory ZS in order to store the number of measurements made.
- step A3 ensemble averaging takes place for the respective tooth or the respective gearwheel pairing and, on the basis of the ensemble means determined in this case, an evaluation as to whether a deviation is detectable, if necessary, in comparison to a reference value or reference curve.
- an indication of a specific type of error is then automatically output based on stored categories, for example a note in Form of an alarm message for a possible damage of one or more teeth and / or for any imbalance within the epicyclic gear 100.
- the above comparison with the reference value or reference profile and the output of a possible indication is in this case in a method step A4 in the flowchart of Figure 5.
- This step A4 is followed by a query in a step A5, whether a current count (for the observed detail) or multiple counts exceeds a stored forgetting factor or exceed.
- a current count for the observed detail
- multiple counts exceeds a stored forgetting factor or exceed.
- the sum of the measured values or the accumulated measured value profile can also be determined, for example, by means of a predetermined limited number of measured values or measured value profiles. Older values are thus not deleted in this variant after summing up but filled with new values and the oldest values are overwritten by "pushing through” (so-called “moving average”). The sum used for the ensemble averaging is then always formed via a current data record contains a certain number of last measured values or measured value curves.
- PSs1 sensor means / detectable label
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102017206760.8A DE102017206760A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2017-04-21 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung von Beschädigung, Verschleiß und/oder Unwucht in einem Getriebe, insbesondere einem Umlaufrädergetriebe |
| PCT/EP2018/060082 WO2018193049A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung von beschädigung, verschleiss und/oder unwucht in einem getriebe, insbesondere einem umlaufrädergetriebe |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3612753A1 true EP3612753A1 (de) | 2020-02-26 |
Family
ID=62152513
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP18724141.9A Withdrawn EP3612753A1 (de) | 2017-04-21 | 2018-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur bestimmung von beschädigung, verschleiss und/oder unwucht in einem getriebe, insbesondere einem umlaufrädergetriebe |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20200123985A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP3612753A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102017206760A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2018193049A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102019002752A1 (de) * | 2019-04-15 | 2020-10-15 | Gleason-Pfauter Maschinenfabrik Gmbh | Verfahren des Erzeugens oder Bearbeitens einer Verzahnung |
| DE102019116090A1 (de) * | 2019-06-13 | 2020-12-17 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Überwachung eines Gleitlagers |
| DE102019210795A1 (de) * | 2019-07-22 | 2021-01-28 | Zf Friedrichshafen Ag | Spannungswellengetriebe und Verfahren für Spannungswellengetriebe |
| US11780610B2 (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2023-10-10 | Ge Aviation Systems Limited | Monitoring of a revolving component employing time-synchronized multiple detectors |
| US11946325B2 (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2024-04-02 | Nabors Drilling Technologies Usa, Inc. | Spinner wear detection |
| JP7286092B2 (ja) * | 2019-12-24 | 2023-06-05 | 日立建機株式会社 | 歯車の再利用可否判定方法および歯車の再利用可否判定システム |
| CN111350804B (zh) * | 2020-02-25 | 2021-08-03 | 江苏大学 | 一种链轮磨损在线监测系统及谷物联合收割机链传动系统 |
| DE102020127648A1 (de) | 2020-10-21 | 2022-04-21 | Audi Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fahrzeuggetriebes für ein Kraftfahrzeug sowie entsprechendes Fahrzeuggetriebe |
| CN113483081B (zh) * | 2021-06-29 | 2022-07-05 | 浙江夏厦精密制造股份有限公司 | 一种具有自检功能的齿轮变速箱 |
| US11835127B1 (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2023-12-05 | General Electric Company | Gearbox assembly |
Family Cites Families (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3712130A (en) * | 1970-10-30 | 1973-01-23 | Gen Electric | Detection of distributed defects in gear assemblies |
| DE4032299A1 (de) * | 1990-10-11 | 1992-04-16 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und einrichtung zum ueberwachen eines drehbaren bauteiles |
| DE4101985A1 (de) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-07-30 | Domarkas Andrew | Verfahren zum ermitteln von unregelmaessigkeiten zweier miteinander arbeitender elemente |
| IT1293412B1 (it) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-01 | Finmeccanica Spa | Metodo di sorveglianza di un gruppo epicicloidale in un veicolo dotato di sensori accelerometrici, in particolare in un elicottero. |
| IT1293408B1 (it) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-03-01 | Finmeccanica Spa | Metodo di sorveglianza di un gruppo di trasmissione in un veicolo dotato di sensori accelerometrici, in particolare in un elicottero. |
| DE19938721A1 (de) * | 1999-08-16 | 2001-02-22 | Busch Dieter & Co Prueftech | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln von Schäden an sich zyklisch bewegenden Maschinenelementen |
| US6681634B2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2004-01-27 | Itt Manufacturing Enterprises, Inc. | Bearing defect detection using time synchronous averaging (TSA) of an enveloped accelerometer signal |
| DE102008051175A1 (de) * | 2008-10-14 | 2010-04-15 | Wittenstein Ag | Verfahren zum Überwachen von sich bewegenden Bauelementen |
| FR2952177B1 (fr) * | 2009-11-04 | 2012-06-01 | Snecma | Procede de detection d'un endommagement d'au moins un roulement de palier d'un moteur |
| EP2366988A1 (de) * | 2010-03-19 | 2011-09-21 | Winergy AG | Verfahren und Meßvorrichtung zur Drehmomenterfassung in einem Getriebe mittels eines Schwingungssensors |
| US20130151199A1 (en) * | 2011-12-07 | 2013-06-13 | Steven Ross Hadley | Systems and methods for use in monitoring an industrial facility |
| WO2014080270A1 (de) * | 2012-11-21 | 2014-05-30 | Imo Holding Gmbh | Wartungsoptimiertes schwenkantriebs- oder schneckengetriebesystem, verwendung desselben in einer maschine, anlage oder einem fahrzeug sowie verfahren zum betrieb desselben |
| KR101622264B1 (ko) * | 2014-05-30 | 2016-05-18 | 서울대학교산학협력단 | 유성기어의 진동신호 추출 장치 및 추출 방법 |
| DE102016202340A1 (de) * | 2015-07-24 | 2017-01-26 | Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg | Messvorrichtung und Messverfahren |
-
2017
- 2017-04-21 DE DE102017206760.8A patent/DE102017206760A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2018
- 2018-04-19 WO PCT/EP2018/060082 patent/WO2018193049A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2018-04-19 US US16/605,661 patent/US20200123985A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-04-19 EP EP18724141.9A patent/EP3612753A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20200123985A1 (en) | 2020-04-23 |
| WO2018193049A1 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
| DE102017206760A1 (de) | 2018-10-25 |
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