EP3599412A1 - Procédé et installation d'alimentation en fluide cryogénique - Google Patents

Procédé et installation d'alimentation en fluide cryogénique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3599412A1
EP3599412A1 EP18020476.0A EP18020476A EP3599412A1 EP 3599412 A1 EP3599412 A1 EP 3599412A1 EP 18020476 A EP18020476 A EP 18020476A EP 3599412 A1 EP3599412 A1 EP 3599412A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
cryogenic fluid
connecting line
storage container
buffer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18020476.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Maximilian Jarosch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Priority to PCT/EP2019/025217 priority Critical patent/WO2020020484A1/fr
Publication of EP3599412A1 publication Critical patent/EP3599412A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/011—Oxygen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/014—Nitrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/016—Noble gases (Ar, Kr, Xe)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/03—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2225/035—High pressure, i.e. between 10 and 80 bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0107—Propulsion of the fluid by pressurising the ullage
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0339—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling using the same fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
    • F17C2227/0358—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling by expansion
    • F17C2227/036—"Joule-Thompson" effect
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0369—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel
    • F17C2227/0372—Localisation of heat exchange in or on a vessel in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/04—Methods for emptying or filling
    • F17C2227/041—Methods for emptying or filling vessel by vessel
    • F17C2227/042—Methods for emptying or filling vessel by vessel with change-over from one vessel to another
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/01—Intermediate tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for supplying a consumer with cryogenic fluid and a system for supplying the consumer with cryogenic fluid according to the preambles of the independent claims.
  • cryogenic fluid such as nitrogen, argon or oxygen
  • Rotating parts or components can be used.
  • a cryogenically operated pump can draw the liquefied or condensed cryogenic fluid out of the tank, as a result of which the liquid cryogenic fluid is compressed and then fed to a consumer, for example an evaporator.
  • a compressor can be used to increase the pressure of gaseous cryogenic fluid, which is then in the gaseous state.
  • Liquid cryogenic fluid must first be fed from a tank to an evaporator operating at a lower pressure, in which it is evaporated. The evaporated gaseous cryogenic fluid can then be sucked in by the compressor and compressed to a higher pressure.
  • cryogenic fluid is transferred from a tank to a first container.
  • the pressure of the liquid cryogenic fluid is then increased using a high-performance pressure generator in order to later supply the consumer with cryogenic fluid.
  • a second container supplies the consumer with cryogenic fluid. As soon as the second container is empty, it is vented into the tank and into the atmosphere, with losses of cryogenic fluid being unavoidable.
  • the present invention proposes a method and a system for supplying a consumer with cryogenic fluid according to the independent patent claims.
  • the cryogenic fluid is conducted from a storage container to the consumer via a first connection line that can be regulated with a first valve, the head space of the storage container being connected to the atmosphere via a second connection line that can be regulated with a second valve.
  • the second valve is opened at least temporarily, gaseous cryogenic fluid is conducted from the head space of the storage container via the second connecting line which can be regulated with the second valve and which is at least partially guided through the interior of the storage container.
  • the second valve By opening the second valve, a relaxation of the cryogenic fluid occurs in the second connecting line, which is cooled by the expansion, the interior of the storage container being cooled by the relaxed cryogenic fluid cooled there.
  • the heat transfer into the interior of the storage container is more effective since the internal energy of the gaseous cryogenic fluid, which is otherwise simply released into the atmosphere, is used. This leads to the gaseous cryogenic fluid in the interior of the storage container being additionally cooled, as a result of which the pressure in the storage container drops. On the one hand, this allows the pressure inside the storage container to be reduced in a targeted manner, and on the other hand it shortens the time until it is filled and the filling process of the storage container with liquid cryogenic fluid can be accelerated.
  • the second connecting line which can be regulated with the second valve, advantageously has a heat exchanger or heat exchanger arranged in the interior of the storage container, via which the interior of the storage container is cooled.
  • the heat exchanger or heat exchanger transfers the cold that arises in the interior of the connecting line with increased effectiveness due to the increased surface area of the heat exchanger or heat exchanger Interior of the storage container. Since heat exchangers or heat exchangers are sufficiently known, the description of the structure is omitted.
  • gaseous cryogenic fluid which is located in the interior of the storage container can be cooled and liquefied. On the one hand, this ensures that the pressure inside the storage container is reduced. On the other hand, this speeds up the filling of the storage container with liquid cryogenic fluid, for example.
  • the opening of the second valve is advantageously regulated, the pressure in the interior of the storage container and / or a temperature of the cryogenic fluid emerging from the second connecting line into the atmosphere being used as control variables. Further advantages result from the designs described below.
  • the cryogenic fluid is first led from a main tank via a third connecting line that can be regulated with a third valve into at least one storage container.
  • a main evaporator can be used as a consumer, for example.
  • a buffer container can be used as the storage container, the number of buffer containers being one, two or any other number.
  • the pressure in the main tank In order to transfer cryogenic fluid from the main tank to at least one buffer tank, the pressure in the main tank must be greater than the pressure in the at least one buffer tank. If the pressure in the at least one buffer tank is greater than or equal to the pressure in the main tank, the pressure in the at least one buffer tank must be reduced by at least temporarily opening the second valve, with relaxation in the second connecting line occurring as described above.
  • the expansion ensures that the inside of the buffer container cools down, the pressure thus decreases in addition to the actual expansion caused by the gas extraction, and gaseous cryogenic fluid inside the at least one buffer container is at least partially liquefied or condensed, as a result of which the at least one is filled a buffer tank with liquid cryogenic fluid is accelerated from the main tank.
  • the cryogenic fluid is then passed from the at least one buffer container into the main evaporator via a first connecting line that can be regulated with the first valve.
  • cryogenic fluid is alternately introduced from the main tank to supply the main evaporator via one of the buffer containers and at least one other of the buffer containers.
  • first connecting line which can be regulated with the associated first valve
  • second connecting line which can be regulated with the associated third valve
  • cryogenic fluid from the main tank via its third connecting line, which can be regulated with the associated third valve
  • the other buffer container now supplies the main evaporator with cryogenic fluid via its first connecting line, which can be regulated with the associated first valve, whereby before and / or when the at least one buffer container is filled, the second valve of the second connecting line is opened at least temporarily.
  • this serves to reduce the pressure in the respective buffer container, so that cryogenic fluid can be directed from the main tank into the buffer container, whereby a relaxation occurs by opening the second valve as described above, the gaseous cryogenic fluid in the at least cools a buffer tank and liquefies or condenses.
  • the associated third valve should expediently be opened. Since a higher pressure prevails in the buffer tank than in the main tank, gaseous cryogenic fluid first passes from the buffer tank into the main tank. This gaseous cryogenic fluid relaxes in the main tank and partially condenses there.
  • the amount returned to the main tank can be adjusted or regulated in such a way that only the amount that is removed from the main tank by filling a storage container by removing cryogenic liquid is volumetrically replaced. As a result, the pressure in the main tank can be maintained without having to use cryogenic liquid from the main tank by evaporation to build up pressure. This quantity is also called delta volume.
  • the associated third valve of the third connecting line is closed and the associated second valve of the second connecting line is opened at least temporarily in order to bring the pressure inside the buffer tank to a suitable pressure that is below the Pressure in the main tank.
  • a relaxation occurs as described above, which cools and liquefies or condenses gaseous cryogenic fluid in the at least one buffer container.
  • the opening of the second valve while the at least one buffer container is being filled serves to release volume by releasing gaseous cryogenic fluid from the buffer container, since otherwise the pressure in the buffer container would increase.
  • energy is again extracted from the buffer container and gaseous cryogenic fluid is liquefied or condensed inside the buffer container, thereby accelerating the filling and reducing losses of cryogenic fluid.
  • the at least one further buffer container is in each case connected to the main tank via a further third connecting line that can be regulated with a further third valve, in each case via a further first connecting line that can be regulated with a further first valve with the main evaporator and in each case via a further second that can be regulated with a further second valve Connection line connected to the atmosphere.
  • the first valve, the second valve and the third valve for regulating the first, second and third connecting line of the one buffer tank do not represent the same valves as the first valve, the second valve and the third valve for regulating the first, second and third connecting line of the other buffer tank. Consequently, each buffer tank has its associated first, second and third connection lines with associated valves.
  • the first, the second and the third connecting line of the one buffer container can be connected to the first, the second and the third connecting line of the other buffer container, but can also be designed as separate connecting lines.
  • the second valve must be opened at least temporarily before and / or when the other buffer container is being filled, so that the pressure in the other buffer container is reduced. This is necessary so that the other buffer tank can be filled from the main tank.
  • the pressure in the respective buffer container is reduced in order to be able to fill the respective buffer container from the main tank, since the pressure in the respective buffer container before filling must be lower than in the main tank.
  • This ensures that, by opening the associated second valve of the respective buffer container, relaxation occurs in the second connecting line of the respective buffer container, as a result of which gaseous cryogenic fluid is liquefied or condensed.
  • This ensures that less liquid cryogenic fluid has to be filled from the main tank into the respective buffer container.
  • partial liquefaction of the gaseous cryogenic fluid in the respective buffer container ensures that less gaseous fluid is present in the respective buffer container. As a result, less gaseous cryogenic fluid is released into the atmosphere when the associated second valve of the respective buffer container is opened, which means that losses of cryogenic fluid are reduced.
  • the associated second valve of the respective buffer container must also be opened at least partially when filling in order to “ventilate” the respective buffer container.
  • gaseous cryogenic fluid is released into the atmosphere, whereby volume in the respective buffer container is released for liquid cryogenic fluid which is filled into the respective buffer container by the main tank.
  • a relaxation occurs in the second connecting line of the respective buffer container by opening the associated second valve of the respective buffer container, as a result of which gaseous cryogenic fluid is liquefied or condensed. Due to this liquefaction of the gaseous cryogenic fluid, the respective buffer containers can be filled more quickly. Since the duration of the filling process is reduced, the losses of cryogenic fluid during the filling process are also reduced.
  • the present invention proposes a system for supplying cryogenic fluid.
  • the system comprises the consumer, which is supplied with cryogenic fluid, and at least one storage container, which is connected to the consumer with a first connecting line that can be controlled via a first valve and with the atmosphere with a second connecting line that can be controlled with a second valve.
  • the second connecting line which can be regulated via the second valve, is at least partially guided from the head space of the storage container through the interior of the storage container.
  • the second connecting line of the storage container of the system advantageously has a heat exchanger arranged in the interior of the storage container.
  • the interior of the storage container is cooled via this heat exchanger, gaseous cryogenic fluid being liquefied.
  • the system for supplying cryogenic fluid advantageously comprises a main tank, which is provided for receiving the cryogenic fluid, a main evaporator as a consumer, which is supplied with cryogenic fluid, and at least one buffer container as a storage container, which has a third valve controllable third connection line with the main tank, with which the first connection line, which is controllable via the first valve, is connected to the main evaporator as a consumer and with the second connection line, which can be regulated via the second valve, to the atmosphere.
  • the system for supplying cryogenic fluid is set up to carry out a supply method described above.
  • the filling of the buffer container with cryogenic fluid from the main tank and the subsequent supply of the main evaporator can be viewed as one cycle. If an above-described process for supplying cryogenic fluid is carried out in the system, approximately 45-50 kg of cryogenic fluid are delivered to the main evaporator per buffer container per cycle.
  • the loss reduction described above, before or when filling the at least one buffer container can save about 7% of cryogenic fluid. Based on these Loss reduction increases the efficiency of the system.
  • FIG. 1 A buffer container 10 according to the invention is shown.
  • the buffer tank 10 is connected to the main evaporator 1 by means of the first connecting line 111, which can be regulated via the first valve 101, to the atmosphere by means of the second connecting line 112, which can be regulated by means of the second valve 102, and to the main tank 2 by means of the third connecting line 113, which can be regulated by means of the third valve 103 connected.
  • the second connecting line 112, which can be regulated via the second valve 102 is attached at one end to the head space of the buffer container 10 and is at least partially guided through the interior of the buffer container 10, the other end being connected to the atmosphere.
  • the second connecting line 112 which can be regulated via the second valve 102, has a heat exchanger 1000 arranged in the interior of the buffer container 10. If the second valve 102 is opened, gaseous cryogenic fluid can be released from the interior of the buffer container 10 into the atmosphere via the second connecting line 112, the gaseous cryogenic fluid located in the interior of the second connecting line 112 experiencing relaxation and cooling due to the relaxation. The inside of the second connection line 112 Resulting cold is transferred via the heat exchanger 1000 to the cryogenic fluid located in the interior of the buffer container 10, gaseous cryogenic fluid being liquefied or condensed. This also leads to the fact that the pressure inside the buffer container 10 decreases in addition to the actual relaxation caused by the gas extraction.
  • the second connecting line 112 which can be regulated via the second valve 102, has a pressure sensor, which is located upstream of the second valve 102, and a temperature sensor, which is located downstream of the heat exchanger 1000, which are used to measure the pressure in To measure inside the storage container and the temperature of the gas flowing from the heat exchanger 1000 to the atmosphere.
  • a pressure sensor which is located upstream of the second valve 102
  • a temperature sensor which is located downstream of the heat exchanger 1000, which are used to measure the pressure in To measure inside the storage container and the temperature of the gas flowing from the heat exchanger 1000 to the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic structure of a system for supplying the consumer 1 with cryogenic fluid.
  • a main evaporator is used as a consumer in this embodiment.
  • the system has a main tank 2 and two buffer tanks 10, 20.
  • the structure of the two buffer containers 10, 20 is analogous to the structure described above, the first connecting line 111 of the buffer container 10, which can be regulated via the first valve 101, being connected to the first connecting line 211 of the buffer container 20, which can be regulated via the first valve 201, to a common supply line 11 are connected to the main evaporator 1.
  • the second connecting line 112 of the buffer container 10, which can be regulated via the second valve 102, is connected to the atmosphere with the second connecting line 212 of the buffer container 20, which can be regulated via the second valve 202, with a common connecting line 12.
  • the third connection line 113 of the buffer tank 10, which can be regulated via the third valve 103, is connected to the third tank line 13, which is controllable via the third valve 203, of the buffer tank 20 with a common tank line 13 with the main tank 2.
  • the buffer container 20 also has a heat exchanger 2000 arranged in the interior of the buffer container 20.
  • the buffer container 10 supplied the main evaporator 1 with cryogenic fluid up to a starting point in time, the buffer container 10 having been emptied to such an extent that it has to be refilled with cryogenic fluid.
  • the valves 101, 102 and 103 of the buffer container 10 are closed, with a pressure of approximately 31 bar being present in the buffer container 10 in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the pressure in the main tank 2 at this time is, for example, approximately 10 bar in this exemplary embodiment.
  • the pressure in the buffer container 10 In order to transfer cryogenic fluid from the main tank 2 into the buffer container 10, the pressure in the buffer container 10 must be reduced.
  • the third valve 103 is opened in a first step, the gaseous cryogenic fluid being transferred into the main tank 2 via the third connecting line 113. Due to the pressure difference between the buffer tank 10 and the main tank 2, the gaseous cryogenic fluid that flows from the buffer tank 10 into the main tank 2 is relaxed in the main tank 2 and partially liquefied or condensed by the pressure drop.
  • the amount returned to the main tank 2 is set or regulated here in such a way that only the amount that is removed from the main tank 2 by filling a storage container by removing cryogenic liquid is volumetrically replaced. As a result, the pressure in the main tank 2 can be maintained without having to use cryogenic liquid from the main tank 2 by evaporation to build up the pressure.
  • This quantity is also called delta volume. If, as in the prior art, more gaseous cryogenic fluid than the delta volume were transferred from the buffer container 10 into the main tank 2, this would only lead to an increase in pressure and remain there as a gaseous cryogenic fluid. This gaseous cryogenic fluid would be a dead volume in the course of the method, since it could not be used for a further supply to the main evaporator 1. Losses of cryogenic fluid are thus reduced here compared to the prior art.
  • the third valve 103 of the third connecting line 113 is closed and the second valve 102 of the second connecting line 112 is opened at least temporarily in order to adjust the pressure inside the buffer container 10 to a suitable one Lower pressure that is below the pressure in the main tank 1. At least temporarily The opening of the second valve 102 is advantageously controlled. Due to the connection to the atmosphere, gaseous cryogenic fluid can flow into the atmosphere through the second connection line 112, whereby it relaxes inside the second connection line 112.
  • the resulting cold is transferred to the inside of the buffer container 10 via the heat exchanger 1000 arranged in the interior of the second connecting line 112 and cools the interior of the buffer container 10, gaseous cryogenic fluid being liquefied or condensed in the interior of the buffer container 10.
  • a larger proportion of gaseous cryogenic fluid is liquefied or condensed, whereby on the one hand the buffer container 10 is filled with more liquid cryogenic fluid and on the other hand due to the liquefaction of the cryogenic fluid the pressure in the buffer container 10 drops faster. This ensures that this step saves time compared to the prior art, as a result of which the second valve 102 does not have to be opened as long. This ensures that less gaseous cryogenic fluid is released into the atmosphere compared to the prior art, which also reduces losses of cryogenic fluid.
  • the second valve 102 can be closed.
  • the valve 103 is then opened and the buffer container 10 is filled with cryogenic fluid from the main tank 2.
  • the second valve 102 is opened again at least temporarily. This at least occasional opening of the second valve 102 is also preferably controlled.
  • expansion of the second connecting line 112 occurs through opening of the second valve 102, as a result of which the interior of the buffer container 10 is cooled again and additional liquid cryogenic fluid is generated in the interior of the buffer container 10 by heat transfer of the heat exchanger 1000 into the interior of the buffer container 10 ,
  • the filling of the buffer container 10 is thus due to the cooling and heat transfer accelerated, the second valve 102 having to be opened for a shorter duration than in the prior art. This again reduces losses of cryogenic fluid.
  • the main evaporator 1 can be supplied with cryogenic fluid from the buffer container 10 after a pressure increase in the buffer container 10, which is carried out by a pressure build-up evaporator, not shown.
  • the first valve 101 is opened, the main evaporator 1 being supplied with liquid cryogenic fluid via the first connecting line 111.
  • the filling of the buffer container 10 and the buffer container 20 with cryogenic fluid from the main tank 2 and the supply of the main evaporator 1 with cryogenic fluid from the buffer container 10 and the buffer container 20 are advantageously carried out alternately. This means that while the buffer container 10 is being filled with cryogenic fluid from the main tank 2, the buffer container 20 is supplying the main evaporator 1 with cryogenic fluid.
  • the buffer container 20 is filled with cryogenic fluid from the main tank 2, while the main evaporator 1 is supplied with cryogenic fluid from the buffer container 10.
  • This is also referred to as a batch process for supplying a consumer, in particular a main evaporator.
  • the method not only offers the advantage that, in the course of the method, approximately 22-25 kg of cryogenic fluid can be saved per buffer container and per cycle in this exemplary embodiment, which is approximately 7% corresponds, but also that the whole process can be carried out overall faster.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP18020476.0A 2018-07-25 2018-10-01 Procédé et installation d'alimentation en fluide cryogénique Withdrawn EP3599412A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2019/025217 WO2020020484A1 (fr) 2018-07-25 2019-07-08 Procédé et installation d'alimentation en fluide cryogénique

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018005862.0A DE102018005862A1 (de) 2018-07-25 2018-07-25 Verfahren und Anlage zur Versorgung mit kryogenem Fluid

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EP3599412A1 true EP3599412A1 (fr) 2020-01-29

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5231838A (en) * 1991-05-17 1993-08-03 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. No loss single line fueling station for liquid natural gas vehicles
US5771946A (en) * 1992-12-07 1998-06-30 Chicago Bridge & Iron Technical Services Company Method and apparatus for fueling vehicles with liquefied cryogenic fuel
US6044647A (en) * 1997-08-05 2000-04-04 Mve, Inc. Transfer system for cryogenic liquids
EP1353112A1 (fr) * 2002-04-10 2003-10-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Méthode de transfert de fluide cryogénique
EP2977670A1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2016-01-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif et procédé de fourniture de fluide

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5231838A (en) * 1991-05-17 1993-08-03 Minnesota Valley Engineering, Inc. No loss single line fueling station for liquid natural gas vehicles
US5771946A (en) * 1992-12-07 1998-06-30 Chicago Bridge & Iron Technical Services Company Method and apparatus for fueling vehicles with liquefied cryogenic fuel
US6044647A (en) * 1997-08-05 2000-04-04 Mve, Inc. Transfer system for cryogenic liquids
EP1353112A1 (fr) * 2002-04-10 2003-10-15 Linde Aktiengesellschaft Méthode de transfert de fluide cryogénique
EP2977670A1 (fr) * 2014-06-12 2016-01-27 L'air Liquide, Societe Anonyme Pour L'etude Et L'exploitation Des Procedes Georges Claude Dispositif et procédé de fourniture de fluide

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DE102018005862A1 (de) 2020-01-30

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