EP3595406A1 - Dispositif de chauffage en céramique - Google Patents

Dispositif de chauffage en céramique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3595406A1
EP3595406A1 EP19185691.3A EP19185691A EP3595406A1 EP 3595406 A1 EP3595406 A1 EP 3595406A1 EP 19185691 A EP19185691 A EP 19185691A EP 3595406 A1 EP3595406 A1 EP 3595406A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
flange
ceramic
heater
axial direction
ceramic heater
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19185691.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3595406B1 (fr
Inventor
Yusuke Makino
Atsutoshi Sugiyama
Yuya HIGASHIDE
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Niterra Co Ltd
Original Assignee
NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd filed Critical NGK Spark Plug Co Ltd
Publication of EP3595406A1 publication Critical patent/EP3595406A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3595406B1 publication Critical patent/EP3595406B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/40—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes
    • H05B3/42—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible
    • H05B3/48—Heating elements having the shape of rods or tubes non-flexible heating conductor embedded in insulating material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/02—Details
    • H05B3/06—Heater elements structurally combined with coupling elements or holders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141—Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/16—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor the conductor being mounted on an insulating base
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/78—Heating arrangements specially adapted for immersion heating
    • H05B3/82—Fixedly-mounted immersion heaters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/002—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements
    • H05B2203/003—Heaters using a particular layout for the resistive material or resistive elements using serpentine layout
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/009—Heaters using conductive material in contact with opposing surfaces of the resistive element or resistive layer
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/021—Heaters specially adapted for heating liquids

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a ceramic heater for use, for example, in a warm water washing toilet seat, an electric water heater, and a 24-hour bath.
  • a warm water washing toilet seat includes a heat exchange unit having a ceramic heater, and a heat exchanger constituted by a container made of resin.
  • the ceramic heater is used for heating washing water in the heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchange unit (heat exchanger) having a resinous container is used for a warm water washing toilet seat.
  • the heat exchange unit has a tubular ceramic heater mounted thereto in order to heat washing water in the heat exchanger.
  • Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open ( kokai ) No. 2017-069083
  • a ground wire is connected to a metal flange to ground the heater to the outside.
  • glass for joining the flange has insulating properties. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6 , when the flange is covered by glass up to the outer surface, the outer surface of the flange may not be exposed to water. In this case, since the flange and water do not contact with each other, the heater may not be grounded to the outside.
  • a ceramic heater includes: a heater body that is made of ceramic, has a tubular shape, and extends in an axial direction; and a flange that is made of a metal, has an annular shape, and is fitted onto the heater body.
  • a ground wire is connected to the flange.
  • the flange has a recess-shaped portion which includes a side portion that has a cylindrical shape and extends in the axial direction, and a bottom portion that is continuous with the side portion and is curved so as to have a radius which reduces in a radial direction.
  • the recess-shaped portion is filled with an insulating material, and is joined to the heater body via the insulating material.
  • the flange further has an extension portion that is continuous with the bottom portion, and extends toward an end side in the axial direction, wherein the extension portion is adapted to be directly exposed to water.
  • the ceramic heater having such a structure can be assuredly grounded to the outside via the ground wire by the extension portion being directly exposed to water.
  • the extension portion may protrude beyond the insulating material toward the end side in the axial direction.
  • the extension portion protrudes beyond the insulating material toward the end side in the axial direction, whereby the extension portion can be easily exposed to water.
  • the insulating material may be formed from glass.
  • the extension portion may protrude in a length of 0.5 mm or more from an outer surface of the bottom portion.
  • the extension portion protrudes in a length of 0.5 mm or more from the outer surface of the bottom potion, the extension portion can be easily exposed to water.
  • a ceramic heater and a method for producing the ceramic heater according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 8 .
  • a ceramic heater 11 according to the present embodiment is, for example, used for heating washing water in a heat exchanger of a heat exchange unit in a warm water washing toilet seat.
  • the ceramic heater 11 includes a cylindrical ceramic heater body 13, and an annular metal flange 15 which is fitted onto the heater body 13.
  • the heater body 13 includes a ceramic tube 17, and a ceramic layer 19 that covers almost the entirety of the outer circumference of the ceramic tube 17.
  • the ceramic tube 17 is set so as to have an outer diameter of 10 mm, an inner diameter of 8 mm, and a length of 65 mm
  • the ceramic layer 19 is set so as to have a thickness of 0.5 mm and a length of 60 mm.
  • the ceramic layer 19 does not fully cover the outer circumference of the ceramic tube 17. Therefore, an outer circumferential surface 14 of the heater body 13 has a groove 21 formed so as to extend along the axial direction and have, for example, a width of 1 mm and a depth of 0.5 mm.
  • the ceramic tube 17 and the ceramic layer 19 of the heater body 13 are formed from, for example, alumina.
  • the alumina has a thermal expansion coefficient in a range of 50 ⁇ 10 -7 /K to 90 ⁇ 10 -7 /K, and the alumina according to the present embodiment has a thermal expansion coefficient of 70 ⁇ 10 -7 /K (30°C to 380°C) .
  • a heater pattern layer 22 having a meandering pattern shape, and a pair of internal terminals 23 are formed on the inner circumferential surface (the surface on the ceramic tube 17 side) of the ceramic layer 19 or inside the ceramic layer 19.
  • the internal terminals 23 are electrically connected, through a not-illustrated via conductor or the like, to external terminals 25 (see FIG. 1 ) disposed at end portions, on the outer circumferential surface, of the ceramic layer 19.
  • the flange 15 is, for example, an annular member formed from a metal such as stainless steel, and, in the flange 15, the center portion of a plate material is bent toward a first surface S1 side to form a recess (cup shape). More specifically, the flange 15 of the present embodiment is, for example, formed by a plate material having a thickness of 1 mm being bent. A hole 27 is formed, at the center portion of the plate material, so as to penetrate through the first surface S1 that is an inner surface and a second surface S2 that is an outer surface. In the present embodiment, the inner diameter of a recess-shaped portion 16 on the opening side (that is, the upper side in FIG.
  • the inner diameter of the recess-shaped portion 16 on the bottom side (that is, the lower side in FIG. 4B ), that is, the inner diameter of the hole 27 is set as, for example, 12 mm.
  • a ground wire 34 (see FIG. 1 ) is connected at the opening of the recess-shaped portion 16 to ground the ceramic heater to the outside.
  • the entire height H1 (the up-down direction in FIG. 4B ) of the flange 15 is, for example, 6 mm.
  • the flange 15 includes a bottom portion 29 which is curved with a radius r (for example, 1.5 mm), a cylindrical side portion 31 that extends upward (in the axial direction) from the bottom portion 29, and an extension portion 32 that extends downward (in the axial direction) from the bottom portion 29. That is, the flange 15 has the recess-shaped portion 16 which includes: the cylindrical side portion 31 that extends in the axial direction; and the bottom portion 29 that is continuous with the side portion 31 and is curved so as to reduce the diameter in the radial direction.
  • the flange 15 further includes the extension portion 32 that is continuous with the bottom portion 29, extends toward the end side in the axial direction, and is directly exposed to water.
  • a height H2 from the outer surface, on the end side, of the bottom portion 29 to a lower end of the extension portion 32 is 1.5 mm
  • a height H3 from the outer surface, on the end side, of the bottom portion 29 to the upper end of the opening is 4.5 mm.
  • the radius r represents a radius on the cross-section taken along the axial direction.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the metal of the flange 15 has a value in a range of 100 ⁇ 10 -7 /K to 200 ⁇ 10 -7 /K.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient is 178 ⁇ 10 -7 /K (30°C to 380°C)
  • the thermal expansion coefficient is 110 ⁇ 10 -7 /K (30°C to 380°C).
  • a space surrounded by the outer circumferential surface 14 of the heater body 13 and the first surface S1 that is the inner surface of the flange 15 is a glass-accumulated portion 35 which is filled with glass 33.
  • the glass 33 portion is indicated by hatching.
  • a first end represents the upper end in FIG. 3
  • a second end represents the lower end in FIG. 3
  • the first end of a wiring portion disposed between paired wiring portions when the ceramic sheet 19 is viewed in the thickness direction is connected via a connection portion to the first end of an adjacent wiring portion
  • the second end of the wiring portion disposed therebetween is connected via the connection portion to the second end of an adjacent wiring portion.
  • the glass-accumulated portion 35 is filled with the glass 33 up to 1/3 or more of a height H4 of the glass-accumulated portion 35, and the heater body 13 and the recess-shaped portion 16 of the flange 15 are welded and bonded to each other via the glass 33.
  • the glass 33 for example, Na 2 O ⁇ Al 2 O 3 ⁇ B 2 O 3 ⁇ SiO 2 based glass, that is, Al 2 O 3 ⁇ B 2 O 3 ⁇ SiO 2 based glass (borosilicate glass) is used.
  • the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass 33 has a value in a range of 50 ⁇ 10 -7 /K to 90 ⁇ 10 -7 /K (30°C to 380°C), and is 62 ⁇ 10 -7 /K (30°C to 380°C) in the present embodiment.
  • a gap 39 that has a size of, for example, about 0.1 mm to 1.0 mm is formed between an inner surface 28 of the hole 27 disposed on the bottom portion 29 side of the recess-shaped portion 16, and the outer circumferential surface 14 of the heater body 13.
  • the dimension Y of the gap 39 is set to be about 0.3 mm to 0.5 mm. A part of the glass 33 with which the glass-accumulated portion 35 on the first surface S1 side is filled, flows into the gap 39 in the axial direction along the outer circumferential surface 14 of the heater body 13.
  • the extension portion 32 is formed so as to extend downward (in the axial direction) from the bottom portion 29 of the flange 15 and include the circumferential edge of the hole 27 on the second surface S2 side. In other words, the extension portion 32 extends downward from the bottom portion 29.
  • the extension portion 32 of the present embodiment is formed by the lower end of the bottom portion 29 being bent.
  • the extension portion 32 having such a structure is disposed on the second surface S2 side, the flange 15 protrudes toward the end side beyond a region in which the glass 33 flows along the axial direction.
  • the extension portion 32 is not covered by the glass 33, and is assuredly exposed to water, whereby the ceramic heater can be assuredly grounded via the ground wire 34 to the outside.
  • a cylindrical ceramic tube 17 made of an alumina-based material is preliminarily baked.
  • a metal such as tungsten having a high melting point is printed on the surface of a ceramic sheet 51 made of an alumina-based material, or inside the stacked sheets.
  • a pattern 53 which forms the heater pattern layer 22, the internal terminals 23, and the external terminals 25 at a later stage is formed.
  • ceramic paste (alumina paste) is applied to the one side surface of the ceramic sheet 51, and, as shown in FIG. 8C , the ceramic sheet 51 is wound around and adhered to the outer circumferential surface of the ceramic tube 17, and the ceramic sheet 51 and the ceramic tube 17 are integrally baked. Thereafter, the external terminals 25 are nickel-plated to form the heater body 13.
  • a plate material formed from stainless steel is press-molded to form the flange 15 which is cup-shaped.
  • the flange 15 is fitted onto the heater body 13 at a predetermined mounting position, as shown in FIG. 8D .
  • the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are supported by a not-illustrated tool.
  • a glass material formed from borosilicate glass is press-molded so as to be ring-shaped, and the obtained product is calcined at 640°C for 30 minutes to produce a calcined glass material 55.
  • the ring-shaped glass material 55 having been calcined is disposed in the glass-accumulated portion 35 between the heater body 13 and the flange 15.
  • the obtained product in this state is put into a continuous furnace for baking, to adhere the heater body 13 and the flange 15 by the glass.
  • the obtained product is heated in the continuous furnace in a reducing atmosphere (for example, N 2 +5%H 2 ) at a welding temperature (1015°C) for a predetermined period of time, to fuse the calcined glass material 55.
  • the calcined glass material 55 is cooled to room temperature (for example, 25°C) and solidified, whereby the heater body 13 and the flange 15 are welded and fixed via the glass 33, to complete the ceramic heater 11.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
EP19185691.3A 2018-07-12 2019-07-11 Dispositif de chauffage en céramique Active EP3595406B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2018131949A JP6860277B2 (ja) 2018-07-12 2018-07-12 セラミックヒータ

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3595406A1 true EP3595406A1 (fr) 2020-01-15
EP3595406B1 EP3595406B1 (fr) 2022-04-06

Family

ID=67253732

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19185691.3A Active EP3595406B1 (fr) 2018-07-12 2019-07-11 Dispositif de chauffage en céramique

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3595406B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP6860277B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN110719653B (fr)
ES (1) ES2911664T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2023127704A1 (fr) * 2021-12-27 2023-07-06

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1174063A (ja) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-16 Kyocera Corp セラミックヒータ
JP2017069083A (ja) 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ
EP3214896A1 (fr) * 2014-10-31 2017-09-06 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Élément chauffant en céramique et son procédé de fabrication
EP3282814A1 (fr) * 2015-04-10 2018-02-14 Kyocera Corporation Appareil chauffant
CN108076542A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-25 广东顺德光晟电器股份有限公司 组合式电加热管

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS49127844U (fr) * 1973-02-28 1974-11-01
JPH0218554Y2 (fr) * 1984-11-09 1990-05-23
JP2006120559A (ja) * 2004-10-25 2006-05-11 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミックヒータ、熱交換ユニット、及びセラミックヒータの製造方法
CN201348392Y (zh) * 2009-01-04 2009-11-18 杨智慧 一种用于太阳能热水器的电加热器
CN201528442U (zh) * 2009-09-25 2010-07-14 高要市金田电热有限公司 单头双层绝缘带保险丝发热管
CN202328805U (zh) * 2011-11-16 2012-07-11 成都市兴岷江电热电器有限责任公司 液体用电加热器
CN204104157U (zh) * 2014-04-03 2015-01-14 镇江力帆防爆电器有限公司 软管安全型汽轮机螺栓电加热器
CN204465894U (zh) * 2015-01-22 2015-07-08 吴新祥 法兰电热管的法兰

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1174063A (ja) * 1997-08-29 1999-03-16 Kyocera Corp セラミックヒータ
EP3214896A1 (fr) * 2014-10-31 2017-09-06 NGK Spark Plug Co., Ltd. Élément chauffant en céramique et son procédé de fabrication
EP3282814A1 (fr) * 2015-04-10 2018-02-14 Kyocera Corporation Appareil chauffant
JP2017069083A (ja) 2015-09-30 2017-04-06 日本特殊陶業株式会社 セラミックヒータ
CN108076542A (zh) * 2016-11-14 2018-05-25 广东顺德光晟电器股份有限公司 组合式电加热管

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2020009704A (ja) 2020-01-16
EP3595406B1 (fr) 2022-04-06
CN110719653B (zh) 2022-06-14
CN110719653A (zh) 2020-01-21
ES2911664T3 (es) 2022-05-20
JP6860277B2 (ja) 2021-04-14

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