EP3572198B1 - Formwork core for a formwork system for the concreting of a bell body - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a formwork core for a formwork system for concreting a bell body, in particular larger construction cells of residential buildings.

Such a formwork system essentially consists of an outer formwork and the formwork core, which is generally cuboid and is inserted into the outer formwork. The outer formwork has a stationary formwork base as well as vertical longitudinal walls and end walls that stand up on a formwork base. The formwork core sits between the formwork walls of the outer formwork. Liquid concrete is pressed into the remaining space between the outer formwork and the formwork core. After the concrete has hardened, the outer formwork elements are removed. In order to detach the formwork core from the inner walls of the concreted bell body, the side formwork elements of the formwork core must be drawn inwards in order to be detached from the finished concrete part.

Formwork cores with inwardly retractable side formwork elements, so-called shrink cores, are known from the prior art.

The European patent EP 2 083 977 B1 the applicant describes a formwork system for concreting room modules, comprising outer formwork and formwork core. The formwork core comprises a cover element, end elements and side elements as well as a coupling mechanism. The end elements and side elements are each coupled to the base and the cover element and are movably connected. The coupling mechanism is designed such that a vertical movement of a horizontal element causes a movement of the vertical elements in an inward direction such that the distance between the opposite vertical elements is reduced. The coupling mechanism comprises a plurality of pivot levers.

DE 20 469 03 A1 describes a method for producing a bell body for larger building cells and a device for carrying out the method. One embodiment of the device comprises a stationary formwork core with columns and retractable side formwork. The side formworks are hinged to the pillars via several links. The mechanism of the pivoting causes the side formwork to fold back in such a way that wedge-shaped gaps are created between the walls of the finished concrete body and the formwork elements.

Another older patent from the applicant, EP 1 923 185 B1 , describes a displacement body that is designed as a shrink body and can be pulled out of a side formwork after concreting.

DE 25 04 218 A1 describes a formwork core for room cell formwork, which can be used as an inner shape for the production of a garage or a similar body. The formwork core has a variable cross-section. A game is provided between several pressure beams so that the cross section can be reduced in order to remove the formwork.

DE 40 04 654 C1 discloses a formwork core for producing prefabricated garages or similar room cells from concrete. The formwork core can be adjusted in its width. The width can be adjusted using the Arrangement of formwork parts on slides that can be moved on rails.

DE 28 12 974 A1 discloses a formwork core for a formwork system for concreting a bell body according to the preamble of claim 1.

While the outer formwork consists of comparatively simple, in principle flat formwork walls, a formwork core with inwardly retractable formwork elements is quite complicated and technically complex.

The total costs for a formwork system for concreting a bell body are therefore primarily determined by the costs for the complicated inner formwork core.

The outer formwork elements required for concreting a cuboid bell body are in principle designed as flat formwork panels. Therefore, the outer formwork parts can be used again and again, even if a bell body with different dimensions, in particular larger or smaller width and / or length, is to be produced. It is sufficient to simply reassemble the flat formwork walls.

A shrink core, on the other hand, can only ever be used for a specific space cell with predetermined fixed dimensions in three dimensions. Due to the complex construction and the complicated adjustment mechanism, such a shrink core can only be dismantled into its individual parts with difficulty in order to reuse them for the production of a new formwork core with different dimensions. As a result, the conventional shrink cores are usually only used when a larger number of identical bell bodies are to be concreted, since the relatively high costs of the formwork core can then be allocated to the number of concrete parts produced.

Against this background, the object of the present invention is to create a formwork core with inwardly retractable side formwork elements, which can be changed quickly and easily so that it can be used for the production of bell bodies of different dimensions, in particular different widths and lengths.

The solution to this problem is based on a formwork core according to the preamble of the first claim, comprising a base, vertical corner supports and side formwork elements which are suspended from the corner supports via pivot levers in such a way that the side formwork elements can be retracted inward.

The object is achieved by the features of the characterizing part of the first claim.

In the case of the formwork core according to the invention, two corner supports are releasably attached to a common base frame at a variable distance. The corner supports each carry two corner connection panels, which are arranged at right angles to one another and can be retracted and extended synchronously without touching one another. The corner connection panels have a flat outer wall that is designed as a formwork wall. When fully extended, a narrow vertical gap remains between the two corner connection panels in the area of the corner.

The corner supports also each have a corner bracket that can be retracted and extended synchronously with the corner connection panels. In the fully extended state, this corner bracket closes the gap between the two associated corner connection panels and thereby forms a vertical outer edge of the formwork core.

According to the invention, the vertical edges of the corner connection panels remote from the corner are designed in such a way that they can be detachably connected to one another. This makes it possible that the corner connection panels lying in one plane, the z. B. form a side surface of the formwork core, can be connected directly to one another. The resulting formwork core then has a minimum length or width. If necessary, one or, if necessary, several intermediate elements can be detachably inserted between the corner connection panels on one side. In this way, the width or length of the formwork core can be increased in a very simple manner, if a larger one Bell body is to be concreted. If necessary, the formwork core according to the invention can also be restored to its original dimensions by directly connecting the mutually facing vertical edges of the corner connection panels again.

The formwork core designed according to the invention thus has the great advantage that it can be easily adapted to different dimensions of a bell body to be concreted without changing those elements that are structurally complex and therefore particularly expensive to manufacture. In particular, the corner supports, the corner connection panels movably mounted on the corner supports and the corner brackets can be used again and again, even if the hollow bodies to be concreted have very different dimensions. The same applies to the complex coupling mechanism for driving the shrink core.

According to the invention, the corners of the formwork core are formed by two, in principle flat corner connection panels, which are arranged at right angles to each other across corners, and a corner bracket that closes the gap between the adjacent corner connection panels and forms the vertical outer edge of the formwork core. This construction has the advantage that the length of the corner connection panels can be varied easily. It is thus possible to very easily realize wider and shorter or narrower and longer formwork cores by simply using shorter or longer corner connection panels. The corner supports with their complex lever mechanisms and the attached corner brackets can in any case be used without modification.

In order to connect the vertical edges of the corner connection panels that are remote from the corner quickly and easily, but nevertheless firmly, and to detach them again later, the corner connection panels have inwardly facing screw flanges on the free edges. By means of these screw flanges, the corner connection panels on one side can either be directly detachably connected to one another or, alternatively, one or more extension parts can be attached. The corner brackets are preferably coupled to the corner connection panels in such a way that when the formwork core is pulled in, ie when the formwork core is shrunk, the corner brackets move inward in front of the corner connection panels. This moves the corner brackets out of the way before the associated corner connection panels are drawn inwards.

The formwork core according to the invention is advantageously supplemented by a central ceiling panel that sits horizontally on the corner supports, with the corner connection panels and the associated corner brackets being coupled to the corner supports in such a way that when the formwork core is drawn in, the corner connection panels and the associated corner brackets inward and at the same time via the stationary Move the ceiling formwork panel upwards. It is true that the length and width of such a ceiling formwork panel can no longer be changed afterwards; However, since this formwork element is in principle a simple flat plate, any necessary replacement of the ceiling formwork as part of the reuse of the other, much more complex parts of the formwork core for concreting a bell body with different dimensions is hardly significant in terms of cost.

The corner connection panels and the corner brackets expediently have ceiling webs on their upper edges that are set inwards at right angles. When the formwork core is fully extended, these ceiling webs, together with the central ceiling panel, form the top of the formwork core. When the shrinkage begins, the horizontal ceiling webs separate from the ceiling panel and move upwards and then inwards.

According to the invention, the distance between two corner supports can be varied in that these corner supports are releasably fastened together on a base frame. This allows either the width or the length of the formwork core to be easily adjusted. An embodiment is preferred in which the base frames have several parallel fastening grooves into which the fastening means, which are arranged at the foot of the corner supports, engage. This allows the two corner supports, which are attached to this base frame, to be moved continuously in order to vary the distance between the corner supports. An embodiment is particularly preferred in which the base frames comprise a number of T-beams arranged parallel and at a distance from one another. Each two adjacent T-beams form a fastening groove for fastening the corner supports.

Optionally, at least one side panel can be detachably inserted between two corner connection panels that form a side surface of the formwork core. This allows the length and / or width of the formwork core to be increased in a simple manner if the corner connection panels themselves are not sufficiently long and should not be replaced by corner connection panels of greater length. In principle, the corner connection panels can be made very narrow, that is to say made very short in the horizontal direction; the length and / or the width of the formwork core is then essentially determined by the dimensions of the intermediate elements.

Appropriately, not only the corner connection panels, but also the optionally usable side panel panels on their vertical edges have inwardly pointing screw flanges which correspond to the screw flanges of the corner connection parts. This enables a quick and detachable screw connection between corner connection panels and side panels.

Figur 1a

Ein Schalungssystem mit Schalungskern und Außenschalung, in vereinfachter perspektivischer Darstellung;

Figur 1b

den Schalungskern des Schalungssystems von Fig. 1a, ohne Deckenschaltafel;

Figur 2a

einen zweiten kleineren Schalungskern, in einer perspektivischen Ansicht schräg von oben;

Figur 2b

den Schalungskern von Fig. 2a, ohne Vorderseite;

Figur 2c

den Schalungskern von Fig. 2a, ohne Vorderseite, Rückseite und Deckenschaltafel;

Figur 2d

den Schalungskern von Fig. 2a, ohne Seitenschalungselemente und Deckenschaltafel;

Figur 3

eine obere Ecke des Schalungskerns von Fig. 2a, von der Innenseite gesehen und in vergrößertem Maßstab;

Figur 4

eine Eckstütze des Schalungskerns von Fig. 2a mit Eckwinkelstück;

Figur 5

die Seitenschalungselemente des Schalungskerns von Fig. 2a, von der Innenseite aus gesehen und in vergrößertem Maßstab.

Embodiments of the invention are described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

Figure 1a

A formwork system with formwork core and outer formwork, in a simplified perspective illustration;

Figure 1b

the formwork core of the formwork system from Fig. 1a , without ceiling panel;

Figure 2a

a second smaller formwork core, in a perspective view obliquely from above;

Figure 2b

the formwork core of Fig. 2a , without front;

Figure 2c

the formwork core of Fig. 2a , without front, back and ceiling panel;

Figure 2d

the formwork core of Fig. 2a , without side formwork elements and ceiling formwork;

Figure 3

an upper corner of the formwork core of Fig. 2a , seen from the inside and on an enlarged scale;

Figure 4

a corner support of the formwork core from Fig. 2a with corner bracket;

Figure 5

the side formwork elements of the formwork core of Fig. 2a , seen from the inside and on an enlarged scale.

The formwork system according to Fig. 1a consists of a base plate 10, an outer formwork 20 and a formwork core 30, which is designed as a shrink core.

The outer formwork 20 comprises two opposite end walls 21, two side walls 22 arranged at right angles thereto and a number of vertical outer supports 23 on which the end walls 21 and the side walls 22 are suspended. The outer supports 23 are releasably fastened in guide rails 24 so that all side formwork elements can be moved outwards after concreting.

The formwork core 30 stands between the outer formwork 20. The bell-shaped concrete part (not shown) can be pulled out or pushed vertically upwards after it has hardened, whereby it detaches from the formwork core 30. The formwork core 30 has the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped, the underside of which is open. Its outer walls are formed by a total of eight corner connection panels 31, four between two corner connection panels 31 Inserted side formwork panels 32 and a central horizontal ceiling formwork panel 33 (cf. Fig. 1a, 1b ).

Figure 1b allows a look into the interior of the formwork core 30. Four vertical corner supports 34 can be seen, each of which carries two corner connection panels 31. Two of the total of eight corner connection panels 31 are arranged at right angles to one another at a corner so that they enclose one of the four corners of the formwork core 30. The corner supports 34 also each have a corner bracket 35 which closes the gap between the two associated corner connection panels 31 and thus forms a vertical outer edge of the formwork core 30.

Between the corner supports 34, two vertical side supports 36 are arranged along the two longitudinal sides of the formwork core 30. These side supports 36 carry the side formwork panels 32.

The corner supports 34 and the side supports 36 are each detachably fastened in pairs on a common base frame 40. The distance between the corner supports 34 or side supports 36 mounted on a base frame 40 is variable, so that the width of the formwork core 30 can be adjusted. The base frames 40 have a number of upwardly open fastening grooves 41 arranged parallel to one another. The base frames 40 comprise a plurality of T-beams 42 which are arranged parallel and at a distance from one another and between which the fastening grooves 41 are formed. The ends of the T-beams 42 are screwed onto narrow cross beams 43, which are placed on the base plate 10 (cf. Fig. 1 ) rest.

The guide rails 24 for the outer supports 23 ( Fig. 1a ) protrude beyond the outer contour of the formwork core 30, so that the outer formwork 20 ( Fig. 1a ) can be moved far enough to the outside. This makes the formwork core 30 accessible and can be easily moved upwards after the concrete has hardened. For this purpose, a lifting frame 50 reaches under the lower edges of the formwork core 30. If this lifting frame 50 is moved upwards after the concrete has hardened, the (not shown) hardened concrete part of the outer walls of the formwork core 30; At the same time, the formwork core 30 shrinks in that the corner connection panels 31, the side panels 32 and the corner angle pieces 35 are drawn in in a synchronized manner. As a result, the outer sides of the formwork core detach from the concrete part. The corner brackets run forward. The kinematics can be driven electrically, hydraulically or purely mechanically.

The in Fig. 2a and the formwork core 50 shown in the following figures is somewhat smaller, in particular narrower and shorter than the previously described formwork core 30 according to FIG Fig. 1a , 1b . Both formwork cores 30 and 50, however, are constructed in the same way in principle.

The smaller formwork core 50 is also designed as a shrink core. The side formwork elements of the formwork core 50 comprise a total of eight corner connection panels 51, four side formwork panels 52 arranged between them and a central, approximately square ceiling formwork panel 53. In Fig. 2a the side-form elements are raised a little bit upwards. The gap between the two corner connection panels 51 of a corner is filled by an elongated corner angle piece 55, which forms the vertical outer edge of the formwork core 50.

The load-bearing structure of the formwork core 50 is formed in particular by four vertical corner supports 54, as from the Figures 2b , 2c and 2d is easy to see. Two of these corner supports 54 are releasably attached to a common base frame 60 ( Fig. 2a ). For this purpose, the corner supports 54 have at their lower end base plates 56 with fastening screws 56a inserted therein ( Fig. 2d ). The lower (not visible) ends of the fastening screws 56a engage in fastening grooves 61 of the base frame 60. The base frames 60 essentially consist of six T-beams 62, which are arranged parallel to one another and at some distance from one another, the ends of which are screwed onto transverse beams 63. The T-beams 62 form the fastening grooves 61 with a T-shaped profile. After loosening the fastening screws 56a, the corner supports 54 can be displaced longitudinally in the fastening grooves 61 in order in this way to increase or decrease the distance between the corner supports 54 and thus to change the length of the formwork core 50.

As in particular in Figure 2d As can be seen, the corner supports 54 each have two brackets 57 which are arranged at right angles to one another across corners. These holders 57 are articulated to the corner supports 54 by pivot levers 58. In a similar way, the corner brackets 55 are articulated to the corner supports 54 via lever arms 59 (cf. Figure 2b ). The corner connection panels 51 are mounted on the brackets 57 (cf. Figure 2c ).

The enlarged view of Fig. 3 shows the upper end of a corner support 54. The corner support 54 has a hexagonal cross section. The pivot levers 58 for the corner connection panels 51 and the lever arm 59 for the corner angle piece 55 protrude outwards. In the figure, the corner bracket 55 has moved inwards a little, so that a gap has arisen between the two adjoining corner connection panels 51 in the area of the corner. When the formwork core 50 is fully extended, this gap is of course closed. The adjacent corner connection panels 51 have already moved up a little here.

Fig. 4 shows the cross-sectional profile of the corner angle pieces 55. The corner bracket 55 essentially consists of an elongated L-profile. At the upper end there is a ceiling web 55a which is attached at a right angle and points inward.

Out Figure 2c and in particular the enlarged views of Fig. 3 and Fig. 5 It can be clearly seen that the corner connection panels 51 each have screw flanges 51a on their vertical edges remote from the corner, which screw flanges 51a point inwards at right angles. The side panels 52 placed between them have corresponding screw flanges 52a (cf. Fig. 5 ). In this way, either two corner connection panels 51, which are located in the same plane, can be screwed directly to one another or two corner connection panels 51 can be detachably connected to a side panel 52.

The corner connection panels 51 have ceiling webs 51b attached to the inside at right angles ( Figure 2c , Fig. 3 ). The corner brackets 55 also have a ceiling web 55a attached at right angles inward at their upper end, as in particular in FIG Figures 2b and 4th is recognizable. The side panels 52 have ceiling webs 52b of the same length (cf. Figure 2c and Fig. 3 ).
The corner angle pieces 55 are resiliently mounted at their lower ends on pressure plates 70 (cf. Fig. 4 ). As a result, the ceiling webs 55a of the corner brackets 55 can slide under the ceiling webs 52b of the adjoining corner connection panels 51 when the formwork core 50 is shrunk (cf. Fig. 3 , Fig. 2a , Figure 2b ).

Horizontally and vertically arranged tension and compression bars stiffen the construction ( Fig. 2d ).
Fig. 2a shows the formwork core 50 in a state in which the corner connection panels 51 are still almost completely extended outwards, but the corner angle pieces 55 have already been pulled a little bit inwards or downwards. In Figure 2b the corner connection panels 51 and the corner angle pieces 55 have moved a little further upwards, so that the way is free to now pull in the corner connection panels 51 further inwards. In doing so, they detach themselves from the walls (not shown) of the concreted bell body on the outside.

Reference number

10

Base plate

20th

External formwork

21st

Front wall (of 20)

22nd

Side wall

23

Outside support

24

Guide rail

30th

Formwork core

31

Corner connection board (of 30)

32

Side panel

33

Ceiling switchboard

34

Corner support

35

Corner elbow

36

Side support

37

Lifting frame

40

Base frame

41

Mounting groove (from 40)

42

T-beam

43

Cross member

50

(small) formwork core

51

Corner connection panel (of 50)

51a

Screw flange

51b

Ceiling walkway

52

Side panel

52a

Screw flange (of 52)

52b

Ceiling bridge (of 52)

53

Ceiling switchboard

54

Corner support

55

Corner elbow

55a

Ceiling bridge (of 55)

56

Footplate

56a

Fixing screw (in 56)

57

bracket

58

Swivel lever

59

Lever arm

60

Base frame

61

Fastening groove

62

T-beam

63

Cross member

70

printing plate

Claims (9)

1. Formwork core for a formwork system for casting a bell-shaped body, comprising a base, vertical corner supports and side formwork elements, which are rotatably mounted at the corner supports in such a manner that the side formwork elements can be retracted inwards,
   wherein
   the corner supports (34, 54) each carry two corner connection panels (31, 51), which are arranged perpendicular to each other around the corner and are synchronously retractable and extendable without touching, wherein, in the fully extended state, a narrow vertical gap remains between the two corner connection panels in the area of the corner;
   the corner supports each carry a corner bracket (35, 55), which are synchronously retractable and extendable and, in the fully extended state, close the gap between the two corresponding corner connection panels (31, 51) to form a vertical outer edge of the formwork core (30, 50);
   the vertical edges of the corner connection panels (31, 51) remote from the corner can be releasably attached to one another, characterized in that
   two corner supports (34, 54) each are releasably attached to a common base frame (40, 60) in variable distance.
2. Formwork core according to claim 1, characterized in that, at the vertical edges remote from the corner, the corner connection panels (31, 51) comprise bolt flanges (52a) that point inwards.
3. Formwork core according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the corner brackets (35, 55) are coupled to the corner supports (34, 54) in such a manner that during retraction the corner brackets retract to the inside before the corner connection panels do.
4. Formwork core according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a horizontal ceiling formwork panel (33, 53) is mounted on the corner supports (34, 54), and the corner connection panels (31, 51) and the corresponding corner brackets (35, 55) are coupled with the corner supports in such a manner that, when the formwork core is retracted, the corner connection panels and the corner brackets move upwards beyond the ceiling formwork panel.
5. Formwork core according to claim 4, characterized in that the corner connection panels (31, 51) and the corner brackets (35, 55) at their upper edges comprise ceiling webs (51b) that are oriented inwards at right angles, and, in the fully extended state of the formwork core, these ceiling webs and the central ceiling formwork panel (33, 51) form the plane top side of the formwork core.
6. Formwork core according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base frames (40, 60) comprise a plurality of parallel fastening grooves (41, 61), which are engaged by fastening means arranged at the bottom of the corner supports (34, 54).
7. Formwork core according to claim 6, characterized in that the base frames (40, 60) comprise a number of parallel T-beams (42, 62) that are spaced apart from one another.
8. Formwork core according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one side formwork panel (32, 52) each can be installed between the corner connection panels (31, 51) that form a side surface of the formwork core (30, 50).
9. Formwork core according to claim 8, characterized in that the side formwork panels (32, 52) comprise inwards-pointing bolt flanges (52a) at their vertical edges, which flanges (52a) correspond to the bolt flanges (51a) of the corner connection panels (31, 51).

Images