EP3559551B1 - Dispositif de mélange et tête de brûleur pour un brûleur à émission de nox réduite - Google Patents

Dispositif de mélange et tête de brûleur pour un brûleur à émission de nox réduite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3559551B1
EP3559551B1 EP17816735.9A EP17816735A EP3559551B1 EP 3559551 B1 EP3559551 B1 EP 3559551B1 EP 17816735 A EP17816735 A EP 17816735A EP 3559551 B1 EP3559551 B1 EP 3559551B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
mixing device
fuel
air
burner
zone
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17816735.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3559551A1 (fr
Inventor
Frank Braig
Hubert Gaub
Mack STEFAN
Florian Wohnhas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Max Weishaupt GmbH
Original Assignee
Max Weishaupt GmbH
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Publication date
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Priority to PL17816735T priority Critical patent/PL3559551T3/pl
Publication of EP3559551A1 publication Critical patent/EP3559551A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3559551B1 publication Critical patent/EP3559551B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F23D14/22—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other
    • F23D14/24—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone with separate air and gas feed ducts, e.g. with ducts running parallel or crossing each other at least one of the fluids being submitted to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/02—Premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air upstream of the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/26—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid with provision for a retention flame
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/60—Devices for simultaneous control of gas and combustion air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/62—Mixing devices; Mixing tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details, e.g. noise reduction means
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2205/00—Assemblies of two or more burners, irrespective of fuel type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mixing device for a burner with reduced NOx emissions, comprising: a centrally arranged first mixing device for dispensing a first fuel-air mixture into a primary flame zone, the first mixing device having at least one first fuel nozzle and a baffle plate, and a second mixing device for Dispensing a second fuel-air mixture into a secondary flame zone which surrounds the primary flame zone, the second mixing device having a plurality of second fuel nozzles.
  • the invention further relates to a burner head provided with such a mixing device and to a burner provided with such a burner head.
  • the invention further relates to a combustion method that can be carried out with such a mixing device, such a burner head and such a burner.
  • the D7 discloses a forced draft burner for a heating boiler for burning especially liquid fuels with exhaust gas recirculation from the combustion chamber equipped with the burner, an air-fuel mixture being supplied in a central area and influenced by an air baffle and swirl disk and the exhaust gas in a ring on the outside and partly also on the inside of the air baffle and swirl disk.
  • D6 discloses a mixing device for burners in small combustion systems, in which the center hole of a baffle plate is covered by a parallel and spaced-apart metering plate arranged on the inflow side. Recirculated flue gas is used to surround the flame with a flue gas jacket.
  • D5 discloses a burner head and a burner with several mixing devices and several fuel nozzles and a baffle plate for generating a hollow flame with the formation of a swirled air flow.
  • the invention has set itself the task of enabling combustion with even lower nitrogen oxide production even with particularly high burner outputs.
  • the invention creates a mixing device according to claim 1 and a method according to the independent method claim.
  • the invention further provides a burner head provided with such a mixing device and a burner provided therewith in accordance with the further dependent claims.
  • the baffle plate can be a separate part or an area of a larger body or structure.
  • An annular arrangement of the mixing devices is provided, preferably in a plan view opposite to an air flow direction prevailing during operation of the mixing device, which preferably flows essentially in an axial direction of a burner tube of a burner head, with the first mixing device in the center, the second mixing device on the outside and the third mixing device in between .
  • the sealing air generating device is preferably arranged between the first and the third mixing device. This preferred arrangement relates to the arrangement seen in the radial direction; in the axial direction the devices can be offset from one another.
  • the third mixing device is arranged, in particular radially, between the sealing air generating device and the second mixing device and has a swirl generator and at least one third fuel nozzle, which is arranged upstream of the swirl generator in a premixing zone through which an air flow to the swirl generator flows to pre-mix fuel from the third fuel nozzle with the air flow prior to swirl generation.
  • the sealing air duct is preferably provided with at least one first partition for separating the sealing air flow from the primary flame zone.
  • the sealing air duct is preferably provided with a second partition for separating the sealing air flow from the outlet of the swirl generator.
  • the baffle plate is designed to generate a swirl in the primary flame zone.
  • a first swirl generating device of the first mixing device for the primary flame zone can thus be provided in the center, which device is surrounded by a second swirl generating device for the third mixing device, preferably with the sealing air generating device in between.
  • the baffle plate preferably provides a (substantially) greater air resistance than the swirl generator and / or the outer air gap.
  • an adjusting device is provided for increasing or reducing an air gap, the adjusting device being designed to change the size of the air gap as a function of a load operating state.
  • the adjusting device is preferably set up to change the axial position of at least part of the first mixing device and / or the sealing air generating device and / or the swirl generator and / or an air guiding device.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention relates to a mixing device for a burner with reduced NOx generation, comprising: a centrally arranged first mixing device for generating a first fuel-air mixture for a primary flame zone, the first mixing device having at least one first fuel nozzle and a baffle plate, a second mixing device for generating a second fuel-air mixture for a secondary flame zone, which preferably surrounds the primary flame zone in a ring, wherein the second mixing device has a plurality of second fuel nozzles, a sealing air generating device for generating an air blocking flow in an air blocking flow zone which preferably annularly surrounds the primary flame zone of the first mixing device arranged downstream of the baffle plate, the second mixing device for delivery of the second fuel-air mixture into the secondary flame zone, which preferably surrounds the sealing air zone in a ring shape, and wherein the second mixing device is preferably arranged in a ring around the sealing air generating device, and a third mixing device radially between the sealing air generating device and the second mixing device is
  • a preferred embodiment of the mixing device comprises a fuel supply device for supplying the first, second and third mixing devices with fuel, the fuel supply being controllable in such a way that the quantity ratio of the fuel supplied to the second and third mixing device can be changed.
  • a preferred embodiment of the mixing device comprises a fuel supply control for controlling the fuel supply device, the fuel supply control being designed such that a fuel supply to the third mixing device is throttled or closed in a partial load operation and is opened in a full load operation.
  • the fuel supply device has a control valve for changing a flow cross section of a fuel supply line of the at least one third fuel nozzle.
  • an adjusting device for changing the axial position of at least part of the first mixing device and / or the sealing air generating device is provided, which is designed to change the axial position as a function of a load operating state.
  • control valve is coupled to the actuating device.
  • the sealing air generating device has an annular body with an annular channel for the sealing air.
  • the annular channel is formed on a baffle plate ring body which forms the baffle plate and the ring body.
  • the swirl generator has a swirl generating ring arranged around the annular channel with an annular arrangement of swirl generating blades.
  • the swirl generation ring is formed on the ring body.
  • the invention creates a burner head for a burner with reduced NOx generation, comprising a burner tube and a mixing device arranged in the burner tube according to one of the configurations explained above.
  • the outer air gap for dispensing the second fuel-air mixture of the second mixing device is delimited on the outside by a region of the burner tube.
  • the invention creates a burner with a mixing device according to one of the configurations explained above and / or a burner head as explained above.
  • the invention provides a method for burning a fuel with reduced NOx generation, comprising: generating a central primary flame in a central primary flame zone by means of a first central fuel nozzle and a baffle plate; Generating a secondary flame in an outer secondary flame zone, which preferably surrounds the primary flame zone in a ring, Generating a sealing air flow, which preferably surrounds the primary flame zone in an annular manner, between the primary flame zone and the secondary flame zone, and Premixing fuel and air in a premixing zone, swirling the premixed fuel-air mixture and dispensing the swirled, premixed fuel-air mixture into a swirl air zone, which is arranged between the sealing air flow surrounding the primary flame zone and the secondary flame zone.
  • the method is preferably carried out with a mixing device in accordance with one of the configurations explained above, a burner head or a burner in accordance with one of the configurations explained above.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 there is shown a mixing device 10 for a burner with reduced NOx generation which, as in FIGS Figs. 3 to 5 is to be arranged in a burner tube 12 of a burner head 14 of a burner 16.
  • the mixing device 10 has a first mixing device 18, a second mixing device 20 and a third mixing device 22 as well as a sealing air generating device 24 and a fuel supply device 26.
  • the fuel supply device 26 has a central fuel supply supply 28, in particular a gas supply line 30, from which a first fuel supply line 32 for supplying the first mixing device 18 with fuel, a second fuel supply line 34 for supplying the second mixing device 20 with fuel and a third fuel supply line 36 for Branch off supplying the third mixing device 22 with fuel.
  • a central fuel supply supply 28 in particular a gas supply line 30, from which a first fuel supply line 32 for supplying the first mixing device 18 with fuel, a second fuel supply line 34 for supplying the second mixing device 20 with fuel and a third fuel supply line 36 for Branch off supplying the third mixing device 22 with fuel.
  • the first mixing device 18 has at least one first fuel nozzle 38 and a baffle plate 40.
  • the at least one first fuel nozzle 38 can be arranged in the center.
  • the first fuel nozzle 38 is part of a first fuel nozzle unit 39 with several first fuel nozzles 38 (e.g. three first fuel nozzles, there are also two, four, five or six) that pass through openings 50, which are uniform in the circumferential direction in a central area the baffle 40 are distributed, deliver fuel.
  • an ignition device 37 is provided on the first mixing device 18 in order to ignite the first fuel-air mixture generated by the first mixing device 18.
  • the first fuel nozzle 38 is connected to the first fuel supply line 32, which extends linearly and centrally through the mixing device 10.
  • a support body 42 is arranged at the end of the first fuel supply line 32 facing the combustion chamber, from which fuel line branches of the first fuel nozzles 38 provided with openings for an air inlet lead to the openings 50 in the baffle plate.
  • the catchment disk 40 has an outer annular flange 44, a disk region 45 and a plurality of radially extending obliquely arranged blades 46 which are formed by notching from the disk region.
  • the catchment disk 40 has a central opening 48 and the plurality of further openings 50 for the first fuel nozzles 38 in some of the blades 46 or the disk area 45.
  • the sealing air generating device 24 has an annular body 52 which extends axially from the baffle plate 40 downstream, ie to the left in Fig. 1 , and extends in the direction of the combustion chamber during operation and has an inner wall 54 and an outer wall 56, between which an annular channel 58 is formed.
  • the annular channel 58 is arranged outside of the baffle plate 40 in the radial direction, ie in a plan view from the left in FIG Fig. 1 As seen, the annular channel 58 surrounds the baffle plate 40.
  • the sealing air generating device 24 is arranged around the first mixing device 18 as seen in the radial direction.
  • the annular channel 58 has an area 60 which tapers in the downstream direction and an opening area 62 which tapers in the downstream direction and obliquely outwards.
  • the tapering area creates a Venturi nozzle to increase the flow speed of the sealing air, which easily passes through the opening area 62 is dispensed obliquely outwards.
  • the walls 54 and 56 simultaneously form partition walls protruding into the combustion chamber in the flow direction, i.e. during operation, to separate the opening area of the first mixing device 18 from the opening area of the third mixing device 20.
  • the ring body 52 and the baffle plate 40 can be formed on a common component - a baffle plate ring body 64 - or can be designed separately. They are preferably connected to one another and jointly fastened to the support body 42 by means of struts 66.
  • the annular body and the baffle plate are thus part of a baffle plate construction 132, which will be explained in more detail below.
  • the second mixing device 20 has a plurality of fuel nozzle units 68, each with at least one second fuel nozzle 70, which are evenly spaced around the first mixing device 18.
  • each fuel nozzle unit 68 has a plurality of second fuel nozzles 70 which are arranged, for example, next to one another.
  • two second fuel nozzles 70 are provided per fuel nozzle unit 68, with, for example, three fuel nozzle units 68 being provided.
  • Each fuel nozzle unit 68 is connected to a second fuel supply line 34 which has a fork 72 in order to supply the plurality of second fuel nozzles 70 of each fuel nozzle unit 68 with fuel.
  • the mouths of the second fuel nozzles 70 are directed downstream and obliquely outward.
  • the third mixing device 22 is arranged radially between the second mixing device 20 arranged on the outside and the sealing air generating device 24 and has several third fuel nozzles 74 - or, in embodiments not shown, several third fuel nozzle units each with several third fuel nozzles 74 -, the third fuel nozzles 74 or The third fuel nozzle units having these are arranged, preferably evenly spaced apart, around the central first mixing device 18. In one embodiment, for example, three third fuel nozzles 74 are provided; there can also be two, four, five or more.
  • the third mixing device 22 also has a swirl generator 76.
  • the third fuel nozzles 74 are arranged at a distance upstream of the swirl generator 76, so that a premixing zone 78 is formed between the third fuel nozzles 74 and the swirl generator 76.
  • the swirl generator 76 has an annular arrangement 82 of swirl-generating blades 88.
  • the arrangement 82 has an inner support ring 84 and an outer support ring 86, between which the individual swirl-generating blades 80 extend in the radial direction and at an angle to the direction of flow.
  • the swirl generator 76 is arranged around the sealing air generating device 24, seen in the radial direction.
  • the swirl generator 76 is preferably part of the baffle plate construction 132.
  • the swirl generator 76 is formed on the ring body 52 of the sealing air generating device 24 or is attached to the outside.
  • the inner support ring 84 is formed by the outer wall 56 of the ring body 52, the outer support ring 86 simultaneously forming a guide device 88 for combustion air for the second mixing device 20.
  • the guide device 88 is provided as a separate element.
  • the guide device 88 has an annular region 90 extending essentially in the axial direction and an annular region 92 extending obliquely outward at the downstream end.
  • the mixing device 10 also has a support structure 94 for fastening the mixing device 10 in the burner tube 12.
  • the support structure 94 has a stationary central tubular support body 96 which is attached at its upstream end to the fuel supply supply 28 and has a line branch 98 for distributing the fuel to the fuel supply lines 32, 34, 36.
  • the centrally arranged first fuel supply line 32 is formed by a tube which is slidably received within the support body 96.
  • An adjusting device 100 by means of which the axial position of the central unit 99 can be changed, acts on the displaceable central unit 99 having the support body 42, the first fuel supply line 32 and at least the guide device 88.
  • the displaceable central unit 99 also includes the baffle plate construction 132 with the baffle plate 40, the ring body 52 for the ring channel 58 and the swirl generator 76 on which the guide device 88 is arranged or formed.
  • the upstream end of the support body 96 can be fixed by means of fastening struts 102.
  • a control valve 104 is provided at the branch line 98, with which a fuel supply to at least one of the mixing devices 18, 20, 22, here e.g. to the third mixing device 22, or to part of one of the mixing devices 20, 22 can be throttled or switched on or off .
  • control valve 104 controls the fuel supply to the third mixing device 22.
  • control valve 104 controls the fuel supply to a subgroup of the second fuel nozzles 74, while a remaining group of the second fuel nozzles 74 remains unaffected by the control valve 104.
  • several control valves 104 are provided, preferably in such a way that they are activated together.
  • control valve 104 has an actuating element 106 fastened to the upstream end of the first fuel supply line 32 as well as a closure body 107, here in the form of a projection with a tapering tip, for each fuel supply line 36 to be controlled, which is moved by moving the actuating element 106 can be moved in the axial direction into the inlet opening 108 of the respective third fuel supply line 36 in order to reduce the flow cross section of the third fuel supply line 36 or to completely close the inlet opening 108 and, when displaced in the opposite direction, can be moved out of the inlet opening 108 in order to enlarge the flow cross-section of the third fuel supply line 36 until the inlet opening 108 is completely released in the other setting.
  • the actuating device 100 has a push rod 110, which is connected to the support body 42 in a manner not shown in order to move the central unit of the mixing device axially. This axial displacement simultaneously causes the adjustment of the adjusting element 106 of the control valve 104.
  • the push rod 110 is connected to an actuator (not shown), for example a lever operated by a servomotor, which in turn can be controlled by a fuel supply control (not shown) for controlling the fuel supply device 26 .
  • the Figs. 3 to 5 show the burner head 14 of the burner 16, the mixing device 10 being accommodated in the burner tube 12 of the burner head 14.
  • the burner 16 is a forced draft burner with a fan (not shown here) which, for an air flow of combustion air through the burner tube 12 in the axial direction from the right in FIG Fig. 3 seen to the left in Fig. 3 seen cares.
  • a fan not shown here
  • the fan is also controlled by a controller in order to adjust the strength of the air flow depending on the load.
  • Tapers in the area of the air flow path serve as venturi devices for locally increasing the flow velocity.
  • the burner tube 12 is designed essentially in the shape of a circular cylinder and has a first taper 112 in a central region and a second taper 114 at the end region directed towards the combustion chamber.
  • the wall 116 of the burner tube is designed to run obliquely inward when viewed in the downstream direction.
  • an inwardly projecting annular end flange 116 is formed at the downstream end, the inner edge of which is the combustion tube opening 118 defines or forms.
  • the combustion chamber opening 118 is larger than the outer diameter of the end or edge of the guide device 88 on the combustion chamber side.Thus, an external air gap in the form of an annular gap 119 is formed between the end flange 116 and the edge of the guide device 88, which is used to deliver the second mixing device 20 Formed fuel-air mixture is used.
  • the second fuel nozzles 70 open upstream of this annular gap 119 near the second narrowing point, so that the high air flow prevailing here ensures good mixing of the fuel from the second fuel nozzles 70 with the combustion air.
  • the combustion air is divided in the area of the combustion chamber opening 118, with combustion air being dammed in a central area by the baffle plate 40 and through the central opening 48, through slots between the blades 46 and through an inner annular gap between the Ring flange 44 and the ring body 52 flows. This air flow is swirled by the blades 46.
  • Gaseous fuel is preferably added to this part of the combustion air through the at least one first fuel nozzle 38, so that a primary flame is formed in a central area that is defined in the radial direction by the interior of the annular body 52, so that this area is the primary flame zone 120 referred to as.
  • ignition takes place at this primary flame zone 120 with the aid of ignition device 37.
  • the second mixing device 20 mixes fuel in an outer ring area of the combustion air flow via the second fuel nozzles 70, so that the resulting second fuel-air mixture passes through the outer ring gap 119 between the end flange 116 and the guide device 88 in order to be in a secondary flame zone 122, which extends on the outside annularly around the primary flame zone 120 to generate a secondary flame.
  • the secondary flame is ignited via the primary flame.
  • the baffle plate construction 132 is moved further into the combustion chamber in a partial load range, so that the primary flame zone extends further into the combustion chamber and the primary flame ensures reliable support for the secondary flame.
  • the third mixing device 22 premixes fuel through the third fuel nozzles 74 in the premixing zone 78 with the combustion air located there in order to generate a third fuel-air mixture, which is swirled by the swirl generator 76 and into a swirled state Swirl flame zone 124 is released to generate a premix swirl flame here.
  • the sealing air generating device releases sealing air into a sealing air zone 126, which annularly surrounds the primary flame zone 120 and is arranged between the primary flame zone 120 and the swirl flame zone 124.
  • a baffle-supported primary flame is formed in a central primary flame zone 120; this is protected and supported by an annular sealing air in the sealing air zone 126, which is surrounded by a swirl flame zone 124 in which a premixed swirl flame is formed.
  • the premixing swirl flame enables a more favorable mixing ratio of fuel to air to be achieved at high burner loads; wherein the secondary flame zone 122 simultaneously ensures an exhaust gas circulation inside the combustion chamber.
  • An internal exhaust gas circulation can be provided as an additional measure.
  • exhaust gas from the combustion chamber can be mixed into the air supply of the burner, so that there is already a proportion of exhaust gas in the air flow generated by the fan in the burner tube.
  • the flame support measures in particular the sealing air and the premixing swirl flame, make it possible to achieve greater flame stability, so that a higher proportion of exhaust gas can be added and the flame temperature can thus be reduced.
  • the Fig. 4 and 6 show a setting of the burner head 14 and the mixing device 10 for a partial load operation, while the Fig. 5 and 7th show a setting for full load operation.
  • the actuating device 100 is actuated via the fuel supply control in such a way that the displaceable central unit 99 with the supporting body 42, the baffle ring body 64 and the swirl generator 76 moves downstream.
  • the outer annular gap 119 between the guide device 88 and the end flange 116 is reduced in size, and the fuel is only supplied via the first mixing device and the second mixing device 18, 20.
  • the ring body 52 and the baffle plate 40 are further displaced into the combustion chamber.
  • the fuel supply to the third mixing device 22 is also open and the annular gap 119 for the second mixing device 20 is enlarged.
  • the ring body 52 and the baffle plate 40 are arranged more within the burner tube 12.
  • a line for primary gas branches off from a mixer housing 128 of the gas supply line 30 as the first fuel supply line 32, a line for secondary gas as the second fuel supply line 34 and a line for swirl gas as the third fuel supply line 36, the amount of swirl gas being controllable via a swirl gas control .
  • This can be controlled via a drive linkage.
  • fuel quantities of swirl gas to secondary gas between 40:60 and 60:40 can be provided; for example, a ratio of approximately 50:50 is provided.
  • a major advantage of the mixing device shown here and of the combustion process that can be carried out with it, with combustion of different zones, is an increase in stability. This allows higher amounts of exhaust gas to be recirculated. This means that a lower flame temperature can be achieved even with high powers.
  • a maximum of 10% of the burner output is preferably generated or a maximum of 10% of the fuel is burned; 90% are fed in as secondary gas or as secondary gas and swirl gas.
  • the baffle plate construction is moved into the burner head 14 in order to allow a larger air passage.
  • the fuel quantity ratio between the swirl gas and the secondary gas can be changed at the same time; preferably, the supply of swirl gas to the swirled air is completely prevented in a partial load operation.
  • the fuel supplies to the different mixing devices 18, 20, 22 or areas thereof can thus be used as power levels of the burner 16, which can be switched on or off depending on the load requirement.
  • At full load for example 40-70%, preferably 50%, of the fuel can be burned in the secondary flame, 30 to 60%, preferably 45% in the premixed swirl gas flame and 1 to 10%, preferably 5% in the primary flame.
  • the corresponding fuel distribution can be achieved by the relative dimensioning of flow cross-sections of the fuel supply lines 32, 34, 36 and by setting up different negative pressure zones on the different fuel nozzles 38, 70, 74 by means of appropriate flow control measures and / or dimensioning the flow resistance of the different areas of the baffle plate construction.
  • gas burners for burning gaseous fuels such as natural gas in particular
  • the construction shown here can also be used for other types of burners, in particular for combination burners for burning gaseous and liquid fuels.
  • an exhaust gas recirculation line is provided, which is to be connected to the combustion chamber on the one hand and an air intake for the combustion air on the other in order to mix exhaust gas from the combustion chamber into the combustion air flow.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Dispositif de mélange (10) pour un brûleur (16) à production réduite de NOx, le dispositif comprenant:
    un premier dispositif de mélange (18) disposé au centre pour produire un premier mélange air-carburant pour une zone de flamme primaire (120), le premier dispositif de mélange (18) comprenant au moins une première buse de carburant (38) et un déflecteur (40),
    un deuxième dispositif de mélange (20) pour produire un deuxième mélange air-carburant pour une zone de flamme secondaire (122) qui entoure ladite zone de flamme primaire (120), le deuxième dispositif de mélange (20) ayant plusieurs deuxièmes buses de carburant (70),
    caractérisé par
    un dispositif de production d'air de barrage (24) pour produire un courant d'air de barrage dans une zone d'air de barrage (126) qui entoure la zone de flamme primaire (120) du premier dispositif de mélange (18) disposé en aval du déflecteur (40), le deuxième dispositif de mélange (20) étant conçu pour l'amenée du deuxième mélange air-carburant à la zone de flamme secondaire (122) qui entoure la zone d'air de barrage (126),
    et un troisième dispositif de mélange (22) pour pré-mélanger et faire tourbillonner un troisième mélange air-carburant et pour délivrer le troisième mélange air-carburant pré-mélangé et tourbillonné à une zone de flamme tourbillonnante (124) disposée entre la zone d'air de barrage (126) et la zone de flamme secondaire (122).
  2. Dispositif de mélange selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le troisième dispositif de mélange est disposé en particulier radialement entre le dispositif de production d'air de barrage (24) et le deuxième dispositif de mélange (20) et comprend un générateur de tourbillon (76) et au moins une troisième buse de combustible (74) disposée en amont du générateur de tourbillon (76) dans une zone de pré-mélange (78), à travers laquelle un flux d'air passe vers le générateur de tourbillon (76) pour pré-mélanger le carburant provenant de la troisième buse de combustible (74) avec le flux d'air avant la génération du tourbillon.
  3. Dispositif de mélange selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une structure de déflecteur (132) est prévue qui, vue du centre du dispositif de mélange vers l'extérieur, comprend dans cet ordre:
    3.1 le déflecteur (40) avec au moins une ouverture (50) pour la première buse de carburant (38),
    3.2 un passage d'air de barrage pour produire le flux d'air de barrage, de préférence muni d'au moins une première paroi de séparation (54) pour séparer le flux d'air de barrage de la zone de flamme primaire, et/ou une deuxième paroi de séparation (56) pour séparer le flux d'air de barrage de la sortie du générateur de tourbillons;
    3.3 le générateur de tourbillons (76) et
    3.4 et un dispositif de guidage (88) pour limiter une fente d'air externe (119) pour le deuxième dispositif de mélange (20).
  4. Dispositif de mélange selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le déflecteur (40) destiné à générer un tourbillon est formé dans la zone de flamme primaire (120).
  5. Dispositif de mélange (10) selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un dispositif de réglage (100) pour augmenter ou réduire la fente d'air (119) est prévu, ledit dispositif de réglage (100) étant conçu pour modifier la taille de la fente d'air (119) en fonction d'une condition de fonctionnement sous charge.
  6. Dispositif de mélange selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de réglage est conçu pour modifier la taille de la fente d'air en changeant la position axiale d'au moins une partie du premier dispositif de mélange (18) et/ou du dispositif de production d'air de barrage (24) et/ou du générateur de tourbillons (76) et/ou d'un dispositif de guidage d'air (88).
  7. Dispositif de mélange (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par
    un dispositif d'alimentation en carburant (26) pour alimenter en carburant les premier, deuxième et troisième dispositifs de mélange (18, 20, 22), le dispositif d'alimentation en carburant (26) étant conçu de telle manière que le rapport entre la quantité de carburant s'écoulant vers les deuxième et troisième dispositifs de mélange (20, 22) est variable.
  8. Dispositif de mélange (10) selon la revendication 7,
    caractérisé par au moins une, plusieurs ou toutes les caractéristiques suivantes:
    8.1 qu'il est prévu une commande d'alimentation en carburant pour commander le dispositif d'alimentation en carburant (26), la commande d'alimentation en carburant étant conçue de telle sorte qu'une alimentation en carburant (28) du troisième dispositif de mélange (22) est limitée ou fermée en cas de fonctionnement à charge partielle et ouverte en cas de fonctionnement à pleine charge;
    8.2 que le dispositif d'alimentation en carburant (26) comporte une vanne de commande (104) pour faire varier une section de débit d'une conduite d'alimentation en carburant (36) dudit au moins un troisième buse de carburant (74); et/ou
    8.3 qu'un élément de réglage (106) de la vanne de commande (104) est couplé au dispositif de réglage (100) pour le mouvement commun.
  9. Dispositif de mélange (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de production d'air de barrage (24) comprend un corps annulaire (52) ayant un canal annulaire (58) pour l'air de barrage.
  10. Dispositif de mélange (10) selon la revendication 8,
    caractérisé par au moins une, plusieurs ou toutes les caractéristiques suivantes:
    10.1 que le canal annulaire (58) est formé sur un corps annulaire de déflecteur (64) qui forme le déflecteur (40) et le corps annulaire (52);
    10.2 que le générateur de tourbillon (76) comporte un agencement annulaire (82) de pales (80) génératrices de tourbillon disposées autour du canal annulaire (58); et/ou
    10.3 que l'agencement (82) des pales génératrices de tourbillons (80) est formé sur le corps annulaire (52).
  11. Tête de brûleur (14) pour un brûleur (16) à production réduite de NOx, la tête de brûleur comprenant un tube de brûleur (12) et un dispositif de mélange (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes disposé dans le tube de brûleur (12).
  12. Tête de brûleur (14) selon la revendication 11, avec un dispositif de mélange selon la revendication 3 ou 5 ou 6 ou 7 à 9, dans la mesure où elle dépend de la revendication 3 ou 5 ou 6,
    la fente d'air extérieur (119) pour délivrer le deuxième mélange air-carburant du deuxième dispositif de mélange (20) étant limité à l'extérieur par une section du tube de brûleur (12).
  13. Brûleur (16) avec un dispositif de mélange (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 et/ou une tête de brûleur (14) selon la revendication 11 ou 12.
  14. Procédé pour la combustion d'un carburant à production réduite de NOx, le procédé comprenant:
    la production d'une flamme primaire centrale dans une zone de flamme primaire centrale (120) au moyen d'une première buse de carburant (38) et d'un déflecteur (40) affecté à la première buse de carburant (38);
    la production d'une flamme secondaire dans une zone de flamme secondaire extérieure (122) qui entoure la zone de flamme primaire (120); la production d'un flux d'air de barrage entourant la zone de flamme primaire (120) entre la zone de flamme primaire (120) et la zone de flamme secondaire (122); et
    le pré-mélange du carburant et de l'air dans une zone de pré-mélange (78), la mise en tourbillon du mélange carburant-air pré-mélangé et la délivrance du mélange carburant-air tourbillonné à une zone de tourbillonnement de l'air disposée entre le flux d'air de barrage entourant la zone de flamme primaire (120) et la zone de flamme secondaire (122).
  15. Procédé selon la revendication 14,
    mis en oeuvre à l'aide d'un dispositif de mélange (10) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10 ou d'une tête de brûleur (14) selon la revendication 11 ou 12 ou d'un brûleur selon la revendication 13.
EP17816735.9A 2016-12-22 2017-12-12 Dispositif de mélange et tête de brûleur pour un brûleur à émission de nox réduite Active EP3559551B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17816735T PL3559551T3 (pl) 2016-12-22 2017-12-12 Urządzenie mieszające i głowica palnika do palnika o zmniejszonej emisji NOx

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016125526.2A DE102016125526B3 (de) 2016-12-22 2016-12-22 Mischvorrichtung und Brennerkopf für einen Brenner mit reduziertem NOx-Ausstoß
PCT/EP2017/082486 WO2018114490A1 (fr) 2016-12-22 2017-12-12 Dispositif de mélange et tête de brûleur pour un brûleur à émission de nox réduite

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EP3559551A1 EP3559551A1 (fr) 2019-10-30
EP3559551B1 true EP3559551B1 (fr) 2021-01-27

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Country Link
US (1) US11187407B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3559551B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN110100133B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016125526B3 (fr)
DK (1) DK3559551T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2857716T3 (fr)
HU (1) HUE052431T2 (fr)
PL (1) PL3559551T3 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018114490A1 (fr)

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WO2024057081A1 (fr) * 2022-09-13 2024-03-21 C.I.B. Unigas S.P.A. Appareil d'extrémité comprenant une tête de combustion progressive pour faibles émissions de nox et brûleur comprenant cet appareil d'extrémité

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DE102016125526B3 (de) 2018-05-30
WO2018114490A1 (fr) 2018-06-28
CN110100133B (zh) 2021-07-13
EP3559551A1 (fr) 2019-10-30
PL3559551T3 (pl) 2021-09-13
CN110100133A (zh) 2019-08-06
US11187407B2 (en) 2021-11-30
HUE052431T2 (hu) 2021-04-28
DK3559551T3 (da) 2021-04-06
US20200386401A1 (en) 2020-12-10
ES2857716T3 (es) 2021-09-29

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